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Smoktunowicz N, Alexander R, Franklin L, Williams AE, Jarai G, Scotton CJ, Mercer PF, Chambers RC. S128 The Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway is Locally Upregulated in an Experimental Model of Viral Exacerbation of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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McNulty K, Sage EK, Alexander R, Scotton CJ, Janes SM. S130 Exogenous Macrophages Are Retained in Mouse Lungs After Injury and Target Therapeutic Transgenes to the Injured Lung Parenchyma. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alexander R, Zelinsky G. Hide and Seek: Amodal Completion During Visual Search. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Murthy NV, Mahncke H, Wexler BE, Maruff P, Inamdar A, Zucchetto M, Lund J, Shabbir S, Shergill S, Keshavan M, Kapur S, Laruelle M, Alexander R. Computerized cognitive remediation training for schizophrenia: an open label, multi-site, multinational methodology study. Schizophr Res 2012; 139:87-91. [PMID: 22342330 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A recent single-site study (Fisher et al., 2009. Am J Psychiatry. 166 (7) 805-11) showed that repeated training with the Brain Fitness Program (BFP) improved performance on a battery of neuropsychological tasks. If replicated these data suggest an important non-pharmacological method for ameliorating cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Our study evaluated the BFP training effects in an open-label, multi-site, multinational clinical trial. Fifty-five stable adult patients with schizophrenia on regular antipsychotic medication completed ≥ 32 BFP training sessions over 8-10 weeks. Training effects on cognitive performance and functional capacity outcome measures were measured using CogState® schizophrenia battery, UCSD Performance based Skills Assessment (UPSA-2) and Cognitive Assessment Interview (CAI). BFP training showed a large and significant treatment effect on a training exercise task (auditory processing speed), however this effect did not generalize to improved performance on independent CogState® assessment. There were no significant effects on UPSA-2 or CAI scores. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing BFP training in a multi-site study. However, BFP training did not show significant treatment effects on cognitive performance or functional capacity outcome measures despite showing large and significant effects on a training exercise.
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Le Y, Alexander R, Armour E, Song D. OC-34 A NOVEL METHOD TO QUANTIFY PROSTATE SEED IMPLANT PLAN QUALITY BY PERFORMING INDIVIDUAL SEED DISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dortch R, Alexander R, Li J, Gore J, Smith S. Assessment of Dysmyelination in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A Via Magnetization Transfer Ratio MRI (S07.005). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lindsey P, Alexander R, Balme G, Midlane N, Craig J. Possible Relationships between the South African Captive-Bred Lion Hunting Industry and the Hunting and Conservation of Lions Elsewhere in Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3957/056.042.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Alexander R, Zelinsky G. Searching for target parts. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Van Kets V, Liebenberg L, Wainwright H, Martin L, Gunston G, Alexander R. Atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta: a South African anatomical and histological mortuary study. S Afr Med J 2011; 101:409-412. [PMID: 21920077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis is on the increase. Younger people may be especially vulnerable owing to their exposure to risk factors such as drug abuse and HIV. METHODS The thoracic aortas of 149 South Africans under the age of 50 years were collected at the Salt River Mortuary, Cape Town, and examined macroscopically and microscopically for evidence of anomalies. The sample comprised predominantly males, and included black, coloured and white individuals. RESULTS A significantly higher level of macroscopic pathology was found in coloured males, although overall prevalence of pathology in this sample was lower than expected. A positive association was also found between body mass index and vascular pathology in the black and coloured population groups. Microscopic anomalies were common and present at high levels, irrespective of age and racial grouping. CONCLUSIONS The widespread prevalence of microscopic anomalies in all groups suggests that these are normal variations that result from haemodynamic forces. The higher prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions in coloured males, however, probably results from specific genetic conditions such as hypercholesterolaemia or lifestyle factors such as diet or tik abuse. The findings suggest that coloured individuals may be at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
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Maidment B, Yovino S, Herman J, Goloubeva O, Wolfgang C, Schulick R, Laheru D, Hanna N, Alexander R, Regine W. Analysis of Local Control in Patients Receiving IMRT for Resected Pancreas Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Alexander R, Zelinsky G. Visual Similarity Predicts Categorical Search Guidance. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rake G, Alexander R, Hamre DM. THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE AGENT OF HEART-WATER FEVER--RICKETTSIA RUMINANTIUM. Science 2010; 102:424-5. [PMID: 17730623 DOI: 10.1126/science.102.2652.424-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sera from sheep which were infected with heartwater fever from 39 to 110 days before the serum was withdrawn failed to fix complement in the presence of lymphogranuloma venereum antigen.
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Alexander R, Zelinsky G. The Frankenbear experiment: Looking for part-based similarity effects on search guidance with complex objects. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Alexander R, Chinery J, Swales H, Sutton D. “Mouth to mouth ventilation”: A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway with the Laerdal Pocket Facemask. Resuscitation 2009; 80:1240-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Odofin O, Alexander R, Bowers H, Chave H, Branagan G. Do patients require outpatient follow-up after rapid referral double contrast barium enema? Colorectal Dis 2009; 11:729-32. [PMID: 18624822 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2008.01605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In our hospital, patients above the age of 40 years referred with a change in bowel habit without rectal bleeding undergo a double contrast barium enema (DCBE) ideally within 2 weeks. Results of benign studies are sent to a consultant colorectal surgeon and a routine clinic visit arranged. The aim of this study was to identify whether, following DCBE, patients (i) presented at a later date with colorectal cancer and (ii) needed assessment in clinic. METHOD This is a review looking at all patients who underwent DCBE prior to routine clinic visit between January 2004 and December 2005. Hospital databases were cross-referenced to identify any patients presenting with a new diagnosis of colorectal malignancy between DCBE and April 2007. Clinic letters were reviewed to identify the number of outpatient visits prior to discharge and reasons for continued follow-up. RESULTS During the study period, 521 patients (age range 31-93 years, 316 female) had DCBE prior to assessment in clinic. Diagnoses: cancer 48 (9.2%), polyps 13 (2.5%), colitis 3 (0.6%), no significant pathology 457 (87.7%). Of this latter cohort, 387 (84.7%) were discharged after one clinic visit; 54 (11.9%) attended twice and 11 (2.4%) were seen more than twice. Reasons for multiple attendances were management of haemorrhoids/anal fissure or investigations of unrelated symptoms. No new cancers were identified in this cohort between January 2004 and April 2007. CONCLUSION Double contrast barium enema is a safe screening tool following a '2-week rule' referral with CIBH. Following a report of no significant pathology, there is no need to arrange routine follow-up.
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Yovino S, Garofalo M, David V, Poppe M, Jabbour S, Hanna N, Alexander R, Pandya N, Regine W. IMRT Significantly Improves Acute Gastrointestinal Toxicity in Pancreatic and Ampullary Cancers: A Multi-institutional Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Robin J, Alexander R. Remifentanil obtunds intraocular pressure rises associated with suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:432; author reply 432-3. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cook T, Alexander R. Major complications during anaesthesia for elective laryngeal surgery in the UK: a national survey of the use of high-pressure source ventilation. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:266-72. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Alexander R, Volpe NG, Catchpole C, Allen R, Cope S. Are lanyards a risk for nosocomial transmission of potentially pathogenic bacteria? J Hosp Infect 2008; 70:92-3. [PMID: 18621435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hearne S, Garner K, O'Mahony B, Thomas C, Alexander R. The Life Skills group ‐ an introductory multi‐modular group programme in forensic learning disability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1108/14636646200700008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lindsey PA, Frank LG, Alexander R, Mathieson A, Romañach SS. Trophy hunting and conservation in Africa: problems and one potential solution. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2007; 21:880-3. [PMID: 17531065 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
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Trieschmann M, van Kuijk FJGM, Alexander R, Hermans P, Luthert P, Bird AC, Pauleikhoff D. Macular pigment in the human retina: histological evaluation of localization and distribution. Eye (Lond) 2007; 22:132-7. [PMID: 17401321 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical investigations have demonstrated variation in both the peak optical density and the spatial distribution of macular pigment. To confirm these impressions histologically, the present study examined the distribution of macular pigment in the human retina. MATERIALS AND METHODS The macular retina of 11 donor eyes of different ages (28-91 years) were examined histologically on 100 microm vibratome sections directly, without further staining. Measurements were made in two dimensions: (1) adding the number of macular sections with visible macular pigment, and (2) direct measurement of the extension of macular pigment in the foveolar section, which visibly contained the most macular pigment. RESULTS The measurements with two methods demonstrated good correlation. The macula demonstrated a variation in the spatial extension of the visible macular pigment between 200 and 900 microm diameter around the centre of the fovea, which was also found when direct measurements were taken. There was no correlation with the donor age. The main location of macular pigment was in the layer of the fibres of Henle in the fovea and in the inner nuclear layer at the parafoveal site. CONCLUSIONS Histologically, a wide variation of the spatial distribution of macular pigment was found that confirms clinical observations. The primary localization of human macular pigment is in the inner retinal layers.
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Esquivel J, Sticca R, Sugarbaker P, Levine E, Yan TD, Alexander R, Baratti D, Bartlett D, Barone R, Barrios P, Bieligk S, Bretcha-Boix P, Chang CK, Chu F, Chu Q, Daniel S, de Bree E, Deraco M, Dominguez-Parra L, Elias D, Flynn R, Foster J, Garofalo A, Gilly FN, Glehen O, Gomez-Portilla A, Gonzalez-Bayon L, Gonzalez-Moreno S, Goodman M, Gushchin V, Hanna N, Hartmann J, Harrison L, Hoefer R, Kane J, Kecmanovic D, Kelley S, Kuhn J, Lamont J, Lange J, Li B, Loggie B, Mahteme H, Mann G, Martin R, Misih RA, Moran B, Morris D, Onate-Ocana L, Petrelli N, Philippe G, Pingpank J, Pitroff A, Piso P, Quinones M, Riley L, Rutstein L, Saha S, Alrawi S, Sardi A, Schneebaum S, Shen P, Shibata D, Spellman J, Stojadinovic A, Stewart J, Torres-Melero J, Tuttle T, Verwaal V, Villar J, Wilkinson N, Younan R, Zeh H, Zoetmulder F, Sebbag G. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of peritoneal surface malignancies of colonic origin: a consensus statement. Society of Surgical Oncology. Ann Surg Oncol 2006. [PMID: 17072675 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-007-9599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Esquivel J, Sticca R, Sugarbaker P, Levine E, Yan TD, Alexander R, Baratti D, Bartlett D, Barone R, Barrios P, Bieligk S, Bretcha-Boix P, Chang CK, Chu F, Chu Q, Daniel S, de Bree E, Deraco M, Dominguez-Parra L, Elias D, Flynn R, Foster J, Garofalo A, Gilly FN, Glehen O, Gomez-Portilla A, Gonzalez-Bayon L, Gonzalez-Moreno S, Goodman M, Gushchin V, Hanna N, Hartmann J, Harrison L, Hoefer R, Kane J, Kecmanovic D, Kelley S, Kuhn J, Lamont J, Lange J, Li B, Loggie B, Mahteme H, Mann G, Martin R, Misih RA, Moran B, Morris D, Onate-Ocana L, Petrelli N, Philippe G, Pingpank J, Pitroff A, Piso P, Quinones M, Riley L, Rutstein L, Saha S, Alrawi S, Sardi A, Schneebaum S, Shen P, Shibata D, Spellman J, Stojadinovic A, Stewart J, Torres-Melero J, Tuttle T, Verwaal V, Villar J, Wilkinson N, Younan R, Zeh H, Zoetmulder F, Sebbag G. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of peritoneal surface malignancies of colonic origin: a consensus statement. Society of Surgical Oncology. Ann Surg Oncol 2006; 14:128-33. [PMID: 17072675 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-006-9185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 06/02/2006] [Accepted: 06/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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