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Quispe Escudero D. It's all about making new contacts: How being metabotropic and phasicity help D1-like receptors promote LTP in the PFC. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110784. [PMID: 37169273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
D1-like receptors have two important qualities, they are all metabotropic and they activate with phasic dopamine. After analyzing the molecular implications of each of these qualities separately and then combining them for the specific case of the prefrontal cortex, we propose a model that explains why long term potentiation in this cortical area depends on the amount of contact between D1-like receptors and dopamine. This simple model also explains why in order to promote long term potentiation, dopamine transporters should be scarce in the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, it explains why stimulants like methamphetamine could have such detrimental cognitive effects on regular substance consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Quispe Escudero
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain.
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102
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Castillo Díaz F, Mottarlini F, Targa G, Rizzi B, Fumagalli F, Caffino L. Recency memory is altered in cocaine-withdrawn adolescent rats: Implication of cortical mTOR signaling. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110822. [PMID: 37442333 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In humans, cocaine abuse during adolescence poses a significant risk for developing cognitive deficits later in life. Among the regions responsible for cognitive processes, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) modulates temporal order information via mechanisms involving the mammalian-target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated pathway and protein synthesis regulation. Accordingly, our goal was to study the effect of repeated cocaine exposure during both adolescence and adulthood on temporal memory by studying the mTOR pathway in the mPFC. Adolescent or adult rats underwent repeated cocaine injections for 15 days and, after two weeks of withdrawal, engaged in the temporal order object recognition (TOOR) test. We found that repeated cocaine exposure during adolescence impaired TOOR performance, while control or adult-treated animals showed no impairments. Moreover, activation of the mTOR-S6-eEF2 pathway following the TOOR test was diminished only in the adolescent cocaine-treated group. Notably, inhibition of the mTOR-mediated pathway by rapamycin injection impaired TOOR performance in naïve adolescent and adult animals, revealing this pathway to be a critical component in regulating recency memory. Our data indicate that withdrawal from cocaine exposure impairs recency memory via the dysregulation of protein translation mechanisms, but only when cocaine is administered during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Castillo Díaz
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Giorgia Targa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Lucia Caffino
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
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103
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Penrod RD, Taniguchi M, Kearns AM, Hopkins JL, Reichel CM. Differential Roles of Oxytocin Receptors in the Prefrontal Cortex and Nucleus Accumbens on Cocaine Self-Administration and Reinstatement of Cued Cocaine Seeking in Male Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:817-827. [PMID: 37875346 PMCID: PMC10726405 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the specific roles of cortical and accumbal oxytocin receptors in drug use disorders. To better understand the importance of the endogenous oxytocin system in cocaine relapse behavior, we developed an adeno-associated viral vector-expressing short hairpin (sh) RNAs to selectively degrade the rat oxytocin receptor (OxyR) mRNA in vivo. METHODS Male (Sprague-Dawley) rats received bilateral infusions of the shRNA for the oxytocin receptor (shOxyR) or an shRNA control virus into the prefrontal cortex (PFC) or the nucleus accumbens core (NAc). Rats self-administered cocaine on an escalating FR ratio for 14 days, lever responding was extinguished, and rats were tested for cued and cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug seeking. RESULTS OxyR knockdown in the PFC delayed the acquisition of lever pressing on an fixed ratio 1 schedule of reinforcement. All rats eventually acquired the same level of lever pressing and discrimination, and there were no differences in extinction. OxyR knockdown in the NAc had no effect during acquisition. In both the PFC and NAc, the shOxyR decreased cued reinstatement relative to shRNA control virus but was without effect during drug-primed reinstatement. OxyR knockdown in the PFC increased chamber activity during a social interaction task. CONCLUSIONS This study provides critical new information about how endogenous OxyRs function to affect drug seeking in response to different precipitators of relapse. The tool developed to knockdown OxyRs in rat could provide important new insights that aid development of oxytocin-based therapeutics to reduce return-to-use episodes in people with substance use disorder and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Penrod
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Makoto Taniguchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Angela M Kearns
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jordan L Hopkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carmela M Reichel
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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104
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Yu M, Lin L, Xu K, Xu M, Ren J, Niu X, Gao X, Zhang M, Yang Z, Dang J, Tao Q, Han S, Wang W, Cheng J, Zhang Y. Changes in aspartate metabolism in the medial-prefrontal cortex of nicotine addicts based on J-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6429-6438. [PMID: 37909379 PMCID: PMC10681642 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the changes of the aspartate (Asp) level in the medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of subjects with nicotine addiction (nicotine addicts [NAs]) using the J-edited 1 H MR spectroscopy (MRS), which may provide a positive imaging evidence for intervention of NA. From March to August 2022, 45 males aged 40-60 years old were recruited from Henan Province, including 21 in NA and 24 in nonsmoker groups. All subjects underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and J-edited MRS scans on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. The Asp level in mPFC was quantified with reference to the total creatine (Asp/Cr) and water (Aspwater-corr , with correction of the brain tissue composition) signals, respectively. Two-tailed independent samples t-test was used to analyze the differences in levels of Asp and other coquantified metabolites (including total N-acetylaspartate [tNAA], total cholinine [tCho], total creatine [tCr], and myo-Inositol [mI]) between the two groups. Finally, the correlations of the Asp level with clinical characteristic assessment scales were performed using the Spearman criteria. Compared with the control group (n = 22), NAs (n = 18) had higher levels of Asp (Asp/Cr: p = .005; Aspwater-corr : p = .004) in the mPFC, and the level of Asp was positively correlated with the daily smoking amount (Asp/Cr: p < .001; Aspwater-corr : p = .004). No significant correlation was found between the level of Asp and the years of nicotine use, Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ), or Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) score. The elevated Asp level was observed in mPFC of NAs in contrast to nonsmokers, and the Asp level was positively correlated with the amount of daily smoking, which suggests that nicotine addiction may result in elevated Asp metabolism in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Clinical and Technical SupportPhilips HealthcareBeijingChina
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianxin Ren
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Mengzhe Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhengui Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinghan Dang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Qiuying Tao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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105
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Zhang J, Li W, Yue Q, Liu L, Hou ST, Ju J. Rapamycin Exerts an Antidepressant Effect and Enhances Myelination in the Prefrontal Cortex of Chronic Restraint Stress Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 535:99-107. [PMID: 37926147 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Depressive disorder is a psychiatric condition that is characterized by the core symptoms of anhedonia and learned helplessness. Myelination loss was recently found in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of patients with depression and animal models, but the mechanism of this loss is unclear. In our previous study, chronic restraint stress (CRS) mice showed depressive-like symptoms. In this study, we found that myelin was reduced in the PFC of CRS mice. We also observed increased mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation levels in the PFC. Chronic injections of rapamycin, a mTOR complex inhibitor, prevented depressive behavior as shown by the forced swimming test and sucrose preference test. Rapamycin also increased myelination in the PFC of CRS mice. In summary, we found that CRS enhanced mTOR signaling and reduced myelination in the PFC and that rapamycin could prevent it. Our study provides the etiology of reduced myelin in depressive symptoms and suggests that mTOR signaling could be a target for treating depression or improving myelination deficits in depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weifen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Yue
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sheng-Tao Hou
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jun Ju
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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106
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Vivi E, Seeholzer LR, Nagumanova A, Di Benedetto B. Early Age- and Sex-Dependent Regulation of Astrocyte-Mediated Glutamatergic Synapse Elimination in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex: Establishing an Organotypic Brain Slice Culture Investigating Tool. Cells 2023; 12:2761. [PMID: 38067189 PMCID: PMC10705965 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and pre-clinical studies of neuropsychiatric (NP) disorders show altered astrocyte properties and synaptic networks. These are refined during early postnatal developmental (PND) stages. Thus, investigating early brain maturational trajectories is essential to understand NP disorders. However, animal experiments are highly time-/resource-consuming, thereby calling for alternative methodological approaches. The function of MEGF10 in astrocyte-mediated synapse elimination (pruning) is crucial to refine neuronal networks during development and adulthood. To investigate the impact of MEGF10 during PND in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its putative role in brain disorders, we established and validated an organotypic brain slice culture (OBSC) system. Using Western blot, we characterized the expression of MEGF10 and the synaptic markers synaptophysin and PSD95 in the cortex of developing pups. We then combined immunofluorescent-immunohistochemistry with Imaris-supported 3D analysis to compare age- and sex-dependent astrocyte-mediated pruning within the PFC in pups and OBSCs. We thereby validated this system to investigate age-dependent astrocyte-mediated changes in pruning during PND. However, further optimizations are required to use OBSCs for revealing sex-dependent differences. In conclusion, OBSCs offer a valid alternative to study physiological astrocyte-mediated synaptic remodeling during PND and might be exploited to investigate the pathomechanisms of brain disorders with aberrant synaptic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Vivi
- Laboratory of Neuro-Glia Pharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.V.); (L.R.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Lea R. Seeholzer
- Laboratory of Neuro-Glia Pharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.V.); (L.R.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Anastasiia Nagumanova
- Laboratory of Neuro-Glia Pharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.V.); (L.R.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Barbara Di Benedetto
- Laboratory of Neuro-Glia Pharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.V.); (L.R.S.); (A.N.)
- Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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107
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Zheng H, Webster MJ, Weickert CS, Beasley CL, Paulus MP, Yolken RH, Savitz J. Cytomegalovirus antibodies are associated with mood disorders, suicide, markers of neuroinflammation, and microglia activation in postmortem brain samples. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5282-5292. [PMID: 37391529 PMCID: PMC10756933 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common, neurotrophic herpesvirus that can be reactivated by inflammation and cause central nervous system disease. We hypothesize that CMV may contribute to the neuroinflammation that underlies some psychiatric disorders by (1) exacerbating inflammation through the induction of anti-viral immune responses, and (2) translating peripheral inflammation into neuroinflammation. We investigated whether the presence of anti-CMV antibodies in blood were associated with mental illness, suicide, neuroinflammation, and microglial density in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in postmortem samples. Data (n = 114 with schizophrenia; n = 78 with bipolar disorder; n = 87 with depression; n = 85 controls) were obtained from the Stanley Medical Research Institute. DLPFC gene expression data from a subset of 82 samples were categorized into "high" (n = 30), and "low" (n = 52) inflammation groups based on a recursive two-step cluster analysis using expression data for four inflammation-related genes. Measurements of the ratio of non-ramified to ramified microglia, a proxy of microglial activation, were available for a subset of 49 samples. All analyses controlled for age, sex, and ethnicity, as well as postmortem interval, and pH for gene expression and microglial outcomes. CMV seropositivity significantly increased the odds of a mood disorder diagnosis (bipolar disorder: OR = 2.45; major depression: OR = 3.70) and among the psychiatric samples, of suicide (OR = 2.09). Samples in the upper tercile of anti-CMV antibody titers were more likely to be members of the "high" inflammation group (OR = 4.41, an effect driven by schizophrenia and bipolar disorder samples). CMV positive samples also showed an increased ratio of non-ramified to ramified microglia in layer I of the DLPFC (Cohen's d = 0.81) as well as a non-significant increase in this ratio for the DLPFC as a whole (d = 0.56). The results raise the possibility that the reactivation of CMV contributes to the neuroinflammation that underlies some cases of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zheng
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Maree J Webster
- Laboratory of Brain Research, Stanley Medical Research Institute, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Clare L Beasley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Robert H Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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108
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Shao Y, Cai Y, Chen T, Hao K, Luo B, Wang X, Guo W, Su X, Lv L, Yang Y, Li W. Impaired erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular B receptors signaling in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus following maternal immune activation in male rats. Genes Brain Behav 2023; 22:e12863. [PMID: 37575018 PMCID: PMC10733575 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
An environmental risk factor for schizophrenia (SZ) is maternal infection, which exerts longstanding effects on the neurodevelopment of offspring. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic disturbances may contribute to the pathology of the disease, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular B (EphB) receptor signaling plays an important role in synaptic plasticity by regulating the formation and maturation of dendritic spines and regulating excitatory neurotransmission. We examined whether EphB receptors and downstream associated proteins are susceptible to environmental risk factors implicated in the etiology of synaptic disturbances in SZ. Using an established rodent model, which closely imitates the characteristics of SZ, we observed the behavioral performance and synaptic structure of male offspring in adolescence and early adulthood. We then analyzed the expression of EphB receptors and associated proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Maternal immune activation offspring showed significantly progressive cognitive impairment and pre-pulse inhibition deficits together with an increase in the expression of EphB2 receptors and NMDA receptor subunits. We also found changes in EphB receptor downstream signaling, in particular, a decrease in phospho-cofilin levels which may explain the reduced dendritic spine density. Besides, we found that the AMPA glutamate, another glutamate ionic receptor associated with cofilin, decreased significantly in maternal immune activation offspring. Thus, alterations in EphB signaling induced by immune activation during pregnancy may underlie disruptions in synaptic plasticity and function in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus associated with behavioral and cognitive impairment. These findings may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Shao
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Yaqi Cai
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Keke Hao
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Binbin Luo
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Weiyun Guo
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Stem Cell and Biological Treatment Engineering Research Center of Henan, College of Life Science and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Xi Su
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental DisorderXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Luxian Lv
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental DisorderXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental DisorderXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Henan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental DisorderXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
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109
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Wheeler S, Rai-Bhogal R, Crawford DA. Abnormal Microglial Density and Morphology in the Brain of Cyclooxygenase 2 Knockin Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 534:66-81. [PMID: 37863307 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a signaling molecule produced by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) that is important in healthy brain development. Anomalies in the COX-2/PGE2 pathway due to genetic or environmental factors have been linked to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Our previous studies showed that COX-2 deficient (COX-2-KI) mice exhibit sex-dependent molecular changes in the brain and associated autism-related behaviors. Here, we aim to determine the effect of COX-2-KI on microglial density and morphology in the developing brain. Microglia normally transition between an amoeboid or ramified morphology depending on their surroundings and are important for the development of the healthy brain, assisting with synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning, and phagocytosis. We use COX-2-KI male and female mice to evaluate microglia density, morphology, and branch length and number in five brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, prefrontal cortex, and thalamus) at the gestational day 19 (G19) and postnatal day 25 (PN25). We discovered that COX2-KI females were affected at G19 with increased microglial density, altered percentage of amoeboid and ramified microglia, affected branch length, and decreased branching networks in a region-specific manner; these effects persisted to PN25 in select regions. Interestingly, while limited changes were found in G19 COX-2-KI males, at PN25 we found increased microglial density, higher percentages of ramified microglia, and increased branch counts, and length observed in nearly all brain regions tested. Overall, we show for the first time that the COX-2 deficiency in our ASD mouse model influences microglia morphology in a sex- and region- and stage-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wheeler
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | | | - Dorota A Crawford
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
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110
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Cox LA, Puppala S, Chan J, Zimmerman KD, Hamid Z, Ampong I, Huber HF, Li G, Jadhav AYL, Wang B, Li C, Baxter MG, Shively C, Clarke GD, Register TC, Nathanielsz PW, Olivier M. Integrated multi-omics analysis of brain aging in female nonhuman primates reveals altered signaling pathways relevant to age-related disorders. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:109-119. [PMID: 37797463 PMCID: PMC10841409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated as a key brain region responsible for age-related cognitive decline. Little is known about aging-related molecular changes in PFC that may mediate these effects. To date, no studies have used untargeted discovery methods with integrated analyses to determine PFC molecular changes in healthy female primates. We quantified PFC changes associated with healthy aging in female baboons by integrating multiple omics data types (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) from samples across the adult age span. Our integrated omics approach using unbiased weighted gene co-expression network analysis to integrate data and treat age as a continuous variable, revealed highly interconnected known and novel pathways associated with PFC aging. We found Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) tissue content associated with these signaling pathways, providing 1 potential biomarker to assess PFC changes with age. These highly coordinated pathway changes during aging may represent early steps for aging-related decline in PFC functions, such as learning and memory, and provide potential biomarkers to assess cognitive status in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Cox
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Sobha Puppala
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kip D Zimmerman
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zeeshan Hamid
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Isaac Ampong
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hillary F Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Avinash Y L Jadhav
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Benlian Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cun Li
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Mark G Baxter
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carol Shively
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Clarke
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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111
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Hopkins JL, Goldsmith ST, Wood SK, Nelson KH, Carter JS, Freels DL, Lewandowski SI, Siemsen BM, Denton AR, Scofield MD, Reichel CM. Perirhinal to prefrontal circuit in methamphetamine induced recognition memory deficits. Neuropharmacology 2023; 240:109711. [PMID: 37673333 PMCID: PMC10591958 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Return to methamphetamine (meth) use is part of an overarching addictive disorder hallmarked by cognitive sequela and cortical dysfunction in individuals who use meth chronically. In rats, long access meth self-administration produces object recognition memory deficits due to drug-induced plasticity within the perirhinal cortex (PRH). PRH projections are numerous and include the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). To evaluate the role of the PRH-mPFC reciprocal circuit in novel object recognition memory, a rgAAV encoding GFP-tagged Cre recombinase was infused into the PRH or the mPFC and rats were tested for recognition memory. On test day, one group explored both familiar and novel objects. A second group explored only familiar objects. GFP and Fos expression were visualized in the mPFC or PRH. During exploration, PRH neurons receiving input from the mPFC were equally activated by exploration of novel and familiar objects. In contrast, PRH neurons that provide input to the mPFC were disproportionately activated by novel objects. Further, the percent of Fos + cells in the PRH positively correlated with recognition memory. As such, the flow of communication appears to be from the PRH to the mPFC. In agreement with this proposed directionality, chemogenetic inhibition of the PRH-mPFC circuit impaired object recognition memory, whereas chemogenetic activation in animals with a history of long access meth self-administration reversed the meth-induced recognition memory deficit. This finding informs future work aimed at understanding the role of the PRH, mPFC, and their connectivity in meth associated memory deficits. These data suggest a more complex circuitry governing recognition memory than previously indicated with anatomical or lesion studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L Hopkins
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Sarah T Goldsmith
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Samuel K Wood
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Katharine H Nelson
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Jordan S Carter
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Dylan L Freels
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Stacia I Lewandowski
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Benjamin M Siemsen
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Adam R Denton
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Michael D Scofield
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Carmela M Reichel
- Reichel Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neuroscience, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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112
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Lu JJ, Wu PF, He JG, Li YK, Long LH, Yao XP, Yang JH, Chen HS, Zhang XN, Hu ZL, Chen Z, Wang F, Chen JG. BNIP3L/NIX-mediated mitophagy alleviates passive stress-coping behaviors induced by tumor necrosis factor-α. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5062-5076. [PMID: 36914810 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies based on animal models of various neurological disorders have indicated that mitophagy, a selective autophagy that eliminates damaged and superfluous mitochondria through autophagic degradation, may be involved in various neurological diseases. As an important mechanism of cellular stress response, much less is known about the role of mitophagy in stress-related mood disorders. Here, we found that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), an inflammation cytokine that plays a particular role in stress responses, impaired the mitophagy in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) via triggering degradation of an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, NIP3-like protein X (NIX). The deficits in the NIX-mediated mitophagy by TNF-α led to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which triggered synaptic defects and behavioral abnormalities. Genetic ablation of NIX in the excitatory neurons of mPFC caused passive coping behaviors to stress, and overexpression of NIX in the mPFC improved TNF-α-induced synaptic and behavioral abnormalities. Notably, ketamine, a rapid on-set and long-lasting antidepressant, reversed the TNF-α-induced behavioral abnormalities through activation of NIX-mediated mitophagy. Furthermore, the downregulation of NIX level was also observed in the blood of major depressive disorder patients and the mPFC tissue of animal models. Infliximab, a clinically used TNF-α antagonist, alleviated both chronic stress- and inflammation-induced behavioral abnormalities via restoring NIX level. Taken together, these results suggest that NIX-mediated mitophagy links inflammation signaling to passive coping behaviors to stress, which underlies the pathophysiology of stress-related emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jin-Gang He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Ke Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li-Hong Long
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xia-Ping Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhuang-Li Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ghaffari-Nasab A, Javani G, Mohaddes G, Alipour MR. Aging impairs recovery from stress-induced depression in male rats possibly by alteration of microRNA-101 expression and Rac1/RhoA pathway in the prefrontal cortex. Biogerontology 2023; 24:957-969. [PMID: 37642806 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Along with altering brain responses to stress, aging may also impair recovery from depression symptoms. In the present study, we investigated depressive-like behaviors in young and aged rats and assayed the levels of microRNA-101 (miR-101), Rac1/RhoA, PSD-95, and GluR1 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) after stress cessation and after a recovery period. Young (3 months old) and aged (22 months old) male Wistar rats were divided into six groups; Young control (YNG), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks (YNG + CS), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (YNG + CS + REC), Aged control (AGED), aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks (AGED + CS), and aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (AGED + CS + REC). Stress-induced depression, evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST), was yet observed after the recovery period in aged but not in young rats, which were accompanied by unchanged levels of miR-101, Rac1/RhoA, GluR1, and PSD-95 in the PFC of aged rats. These data suggested that impaired synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic synapses via the miR-101/Rac1/RhoA pathway may contribute to the delayed behavioral recovery after stress exposure observed in aging animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gonja Javani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Department of Biomedical Education, College of Osteopathic Medicine, California Health Sciences University, Clovis, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran.
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Moura-Pacheco TL, Martins-Pereira RC, Medeiros P, Sbragia L, Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi C, Machado HR, Coimbra NC, de Freitas RL. Effect of electrical and chemical (activation versus inactivation) stimulation of the infralimbic division of the medial prefrontal cortex in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2591-2604. [PMID: 37725136 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) represents a complex disorder with sensory, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) takes critical regulatory roles and may change functionally and morphologically during chronic NP. There needs to be a complete understanding of the neurophysiological and psychopharmacological bases of the NP phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate the participation of the infralimbic division (IFL) of the mPFC in chronic NP, as well as the role of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAr) in the elaboration of chronic NP. Male Wistar rats were submitted to the von Frey and acetone tests to assess mechanical and cold allodynia after 21 days of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve or Sham-procedure ("false operated"). Electrical neurostimulation of the IFL/mPFC was performed by low-frequency stimuli (20 μA, 100 Hz) applied for 15 s by deep brain stimulation (DBS) device 21 days after CCI. Either cobalt chloride (CoCl2 at 1.0 mM/200 nL), NMDAr agonist (at 0.25, 1.0, and 2.0 nmol/200 nL) or physiological saline (200 nL) was administered into the IFL/mPFC. CoCl2 administration in the IFL cortex did not alter either mechanical or cold allodynia. DBS stimulation of the IFL cortex decreased mechanical allodynia in CCI rats. Chemical stimulation of the IFL cortex by an NMDA agonist (at 2.0 nmol) decreased mechanical allodynia. NMDA at any dose (0.25, 1.0, and 2.0 nmol) reduced the flicking/licking duration in the cold test. These findings suggest that the IFL/mPFC and the NMDAr of the neocortex are involved in attenuating chronic NP in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Lohanny Moura-Pacheco
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain and Emotions, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Pediatric Surgery Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Cristina Martins-Pereira
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain and Emotions, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Protection Laboratory in Childhood, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Medeiros
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain and Emotions, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeirão Preto Nursing School of the University of São Paulo (EERP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Sbragia
- Pediatric Surgery Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi
- Department of Psychology,, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Hélio Rubens Machado
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Department of Psychology,, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Leonardo de Freitas
- Multi-User Center of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain and Emotions, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
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115
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Slabe Z, Balesar RA, Verwer RWH, Van Heerikhuize JJ, Pechler GA, Zorović M, Hoogendijk WJ, Swaab DF. Alterations in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and comorbid depression in Alzheimer's disease in the human hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7537-7549. [PMID: 37226771 PMCID: PMC10755247 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) is involved in the stress response and may play a key role in mood disorders, but no information is available on PACAP for the human brain in relation to mood disorders. METHODS PACAP-peptide levels were determined in a major stress-response site, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), of people with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and of a unique cohort of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with and without depression, all with matched controls. The expression of PACAP-(Adcyap1mRNA) and PACAP-receptors was determined in the MDD and BD patients by qPCR in presumed target sites of PACAP in stress-related disorders, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). RESULTS PACAP cell bodies and/or fibres were localised throughout the hypothalamus with differences between immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridisation. In the controls, PACAP-immunoreactivity-(ir) in the PVN was higher in women than in men. PVN-PACAP-ir was higher in male BD compared to the matched male controls. In all AD patients, the PVN-PACAP-ir was lower compared to the controls, but higher in AD depressed patients compared to those without depression. There was a significant positive correlation between the Cornell depression score and PVN-PACAP-ir in all AD patients combined. In the ACC and DLPFC, alterations in mRNA expression of PACAP and its receptors were associated with mood disorders in a differential way depending on the type of mood disorder, suicide, and psychotic features. CONCLUSION The results support the possibility that PACAP plays a role in mood disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Slabe
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rawien A. Balesar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald W. H. Verwer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop J. Van Heerikhuize
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwyneth A. Pechler
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Zorović
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Witte J.G. Hoogendijk
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick F. Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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116
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Liu F, Huang S, Guo D, Li X, Han Y. Deep brain stimulation of ventromedial prefrontal cortex reverses depressive-like behaviors via BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in rats. Life Sci 2023; 334:122222. [PMID: 38084673 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently under investigation as a potential therapeutic approach for managing major depressive disorder (MDD) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is recognized as a promising target region. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate a preclinical paradigm of bilateral vmPFC DBS and examine the molecular mechanisms underlying its antidepressant-like effects using chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model in rats. MAIN METHODS Male rats were subjected to stereotaxic surgery and deep brain stimulation paradigm in non-stressed and CUS rats respectively, and the therapeutic effect of DBS were assessed by a series of behavioral tests including sucrose preference test, open field test, elevated plus maze test, and forced swim test. The potential involvement of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream effects in this process were also investigated using western blot. KEY FINDINGS We identified that a stimulation protocol consisting of 130 Hz, 200 μA, 90 μs pulses administered for 5 h per day over a period of 7 days effectively mitigated CUS-induced depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors in rats. These therapeutic effects were associated with the enhancement of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream ERK1/2 activity. SIGNIFICANCE These findings provide valuable insights into the potential clinical utility of vmPFC DBS as an approach of improving the symptoms experienced by individuals with MDD. This evidence contributes to our understanding of the neurobiological basis of depression and offers promise for the development of more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Liu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shihao Huang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dan Guo
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Li
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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He S, Shi Y, Ye J, Yin J, Yang Y, Liu D, Shen T, Zeng D, Zhang M, Li S, Xu F, Cai Y, Zhao F, Li H, Peng D. Does decreased autophagy and dysregulation of LC3A in astrocytes play a role in major depressive disorder? Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:362. [PMID: 38001115 PMCID: PMC10673997 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytic dysfunction contributes to the molecular pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the astrocytic subtype that mainly contributes to MDD etiology and whether dysregulated autophagy in astrocytes is associated with MDD remain unknown. Using a single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) atlas, three astrocyte subtypes were identified in MDD, while C2 State-1Q astrocytes showed aberrant changes in both cell proportion and most differentially expressed genes compared with other subtypes. Moreover, autophagy pathways were commonly inhibited in astrocytes in the prefrontal cortices (PFCs) of patients with MDD, especially in C2 State-1Q astrocytes. Furthermore, by integrating snRNA-seq and bulk transcriptomic data, we found significant reductions in LC3A expression levels in the PFC region of CUMS-induced depressed mice, as well as in postmortem PFC tissues and peripheral blood samples from patients with MDD. These results were further validated by qPCR using whole-blood samples from patients with MDD and healthy controls. Finally, LC3A expression in the whole blood of patients with MDD was negatively associated with the severity of depressive symptoms. Overall, our results underscore autophagy inhibition in PFC astrocytes as a common molecular characteristic in MDD and might reveal a novel potential diagnostic marker LC3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen He
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmei Ye
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yufang Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Zeng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feikang Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyun Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Faming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Huafang Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Daihui Peng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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118
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Liau WS, Zhao Q, Bademosi A, Gormal RS, Gong H, Marshall PR, Periyakaruppiah A, Madugalle SU, Zajaczkowski EL, Leighton LJ, Ren H, Musgrove M, Davies J, Rauch S, He C, Dickinson BC, Li X, Wei W, Meunier FA, Fernández-Moya SM, Kiebler MA, Srinivasan B, Banerjee S, Clark M, Spitale RC, Bredy TW. Fear extinction is regulated by the activity of long noncoding RNAs at the synapse. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7616. [PMID: 37993455 PMCID: PMC10665438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a multidimensional class of regulatory molecules that are involved in many aspects of brain function. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs are localized to the synapse; however, a direct role for their activity in this subcellular compartment in memory formation has yet to be demonstrated. Using lncRNA capture-seq, we identified a specific set of lncRNAs that accumulate in the synaptic compartment within the infralimbic prefrontal cortex of adult male C57/Bl6 mice. Among these was a splice variant related to the stress-associated lncRNA, Gas5. RNA immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry and single-molecule imaging revealed that this Gas5 isoform, in association with the RNA binding proteins G3BP2 and CAPRIN1, regulates the activity-dependent trafficking and clustering of RNA granules. In addition, we found that cell-type-specific, activity-dependent, and synapse-specific knockdown of the Gas5 variant led to impaired fear extinction memory. These findings identify a new mechanism of fear extinction that involves the dynamic interaction between local lncRNA activity and RNA condensates in the synaptic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Siang Liau
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Qiongyi Zhao
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adekunle Bademosi
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel S Gormal
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hao Gong
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul R Marshall
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ambika Periyakaruppiah
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sachithrani U Madugalle
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Esmi L Zajaczkowski
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura J Leighton
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Haobin Ren
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mason Musgrove
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua Davies
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandra M Fernández-Moya
- Biomedical Centre, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Gene Regulation of Cell Identity, Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL) and Program for Advancing Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia, P-CMR[C], L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael A Kiebler
- Biomedical Centre, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Clark
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy W Bredy
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Santos-Silva T, Hazar Ülgen D, Lopes CFB, Guimarães FS, Alberici LC, Sandi C, Gomes FV. Transcriptomic analysis reveals mitochondrial pathways associated with distinct adolescent behavioral phenotypes and stress response. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:351. [PMID: 37978166 PMCID: PMC10656500 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent individuals exhibit great variability in cortical dynamics and behavioral outcomes. The developing adolescent brain is highly sensitive to social experiences and environmental insults, influencing how personality traits emerge. A distinct pattern of mitochondrial gene expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during adolescence underscores the essential role of mitochondria in brain maturation and the development of mental illnesses. Mitochondrial features in certain brain regions account for behavioral differences in adulthood. However, it remains unclear whether distinct adolescent behavioral phenotypes and the behavioral consequences of early adolescent stress exposure in rats are accompanied by changes in PFC mitochondria-related genes and mitochondria respiratory chain capacity. We performed a behavioral characterization during late adolescence (postnatal day, PND 47-50), including naïve animals and a group exposed to stress from PND 31-40 (10 days of footshock and 3 restraint sessions) by z-normalized data from three behavioral domains: anxiety (light-dark box tests), sociability (social interaction test) and cognition (novel-object recognition test). Employing principal component analysis, we identified three clusters: naïve with higher-behavioral z-score (HBZ), naïve with lower-behavioral z-score (LBZ), and stressed animals. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling unveiled differences in the expression of mitochondria-related genes in both naïve LBZ and stressed animals compared to naïve HBZ. Genes encoding subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes were significantly down-regulated in both naïve LBZ and stressed animals and positively correlated with behavioral z-score of phenotypes. Our network topology analysis of mitochondria-associated genes found Ndufa10 and Cox6a1 genes as central identifiers for naïve LBZ and stressed animals, respectively. Through high-resolution respirometry analysis, we found that both naïve LBZ and stressed animals exhibited a reduced prefrontal phosphorylation capacity and redox dysregulation. Our findings identify an association between mitochondrial features and distinct adolescent behavioral phenotypes while also underscoring the detrimental functional consequences of adolescent stress on the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamyris Santos-Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Doğukan Hazar Ülgen
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caio Fábio Baeta Lopes
- Ribeirão Preto Pharmaceutical Sciences School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luciane Carla Alberici
- Ribeirão Preto Pharmaceutical Sciences School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Felipe V Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Esaki H, Deyama S, Izumi S, Katsura A, Nishikawa K, Nishitani N, Kaneda K. Varenicline enhances recognition memory via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109672. [PMID: 37506875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies postulated that chronic administration of varenicline, a partial and full agonist at α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), respectively, enhances recognition memory. However, whether its acute administration is effective, on which brain region(s) it acts, and in what signaling it is involved, remain unknown. To address these issues, we conducted a novel object recognition test using male C57BL/6J mice, focusing on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region associated with nicotine-induced enhancement of recognition memory. Systemic administration of varenicline before the training dose-dependently enhanced recognition memory. Intra-mPFC varenicline infusion also enhanced recognition memory, and this enhancement was blocked by intra-mPFC co-infusion of a selective α7, but not α4β2, nAChR antagonist. Consistent with this, intra-mPFC infusion of a selective α7 nAChR agonist augmented object recognition memory. Furthermore, intra-mPFC co-infusion of U-73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, or 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB), an inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor inhibitor, suppressed the varenicline-induced memory enhancement, suggesting that α7 nAChRs may also act as Gq-coupled metabotropic receptors. Additionally, whole-cell recordings from mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons in vitro revealed that varenicline significantly increased the summation of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials, and this effect was suppressed by U-73122 or 2-APB. These findings suggest that varenicline might acutely enhance recognition memory via mPFC α7 nAChR stimulation, followed by mPFC neuronal excitation, which is mediated by the activation of PLC and IP3 receptor signaling. Our study provides evidence supporting the potential repositioning of varenicline as a treatment for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Esaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shoma Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ayano Katsura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Collins SA, Stinson HE, Himes A, Nestor-Kalinoski A, Ninan I. Sex-specific modulation of the medial prefrontal cortex by glutamatergic median raphe neurons. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg4800. [PMID: 37948526 PMCID: PMC10637752 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg4800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A substantial proportion of raphe neurons are glutamatergic. However, little is known about how these glutamatergic neurons modulate the forebrain. We investigated how glutamatergic median raphe nucleus (MRN) input modulates the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a critical component of fear circuitry. We show that vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3)-expressing MRN neurons activate VGLUT3- and somatostatin-expressing neurons in the mPFC. Consistent with this modulation of mPFC GABAergic neurons, activation of MRN (VGLUT3) neurons enhances GABAergic transmission in mPFC pyramidal neurons and attenuates fear memory in female but not male mice. Serotonin plays a key role in MRN (VGLUT3) neuron-mediated GABAergic plasticity in the mPFC. In agreement with these female-specific effects, we observed sex differences in glutamatergic transmission onto MRN (VGLUT3) neurons and in mPFC (VGLUT3) neuron-mediated dual release of glutamate and GABA. Our results demonstrate a cell type-specific modulation of the mPFC by MRN (VGLUT3) neurons and reveal a sex-specific role of this neuromodulation in mPFC synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Collins
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Hannah E. Stinson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Amanda Himes
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Nestor-Kalinoski
- Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ipe Ninan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
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Liu J, Meng F, Wang W, Wu M, Zhang Y, Cui M, Qiu C, Hu F, Zhao D, Wang D, Liu C, Liu D, Xu Z, Wang Y, Li W, Li C. Medial prefrontal cortical PPM1F alters depression-related behaviors by modifying p300 activity via the AMPK signaling pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3624-3643. [PMID: 37309288 PMCID: PMC10580341 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F) is a serine/threonine phosphatase, and its dysfunction in depression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus has been previously identified. Nevertheless, its role in depression of another critical emotion-controlling brain region, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), remains unclear. We explored the functional relevance of PPM1F in the pathogenesis of depression. METHODS The gene expression levels and colocalization of PPM1F in the mPFC of depressed mice were measured by real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. An adeno-associated virus strategy was applied to determine the impact of knockdown or overexpression of PPM1F in the excitatory neurons on depression-related behaviors under basal and stress conditions in both male and female mice. The neuronal excitability, expression of p300 and AMPK phosphorylation levels in the mPFC after knockdown of PPM1F were measured by electrophysiological recordings, real-time PCR and western blot. The depression-related behavior induced by PPM1F knockdown after AMPKα2 knockout or the antidepressant activity of PPM1F overexpression after inhibiting acetylation activity of p300 was evaluated. RESULTS Our results indicate that the expression levels of PPM1F were largely decreased in the mPFC of mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Behavioral alterations relevant to depression emerged with short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated genetic knockdown of PPM1F in the mPFC, while overexpression of PPM1F produced antidepressant activity and ameliorated behavioral responses to stress in CUS-exposed mice. Molecularly, PPM1F knockdown decreased the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the mPFC, and restoring this low excitability decreased the depression-related behaviors induced by PPM1F knockdown. PPM1F knockdown reduced the expression of CREB-binding protein (CBP)/E1A-associated protein (p300), a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), and induced hyperphosphorylation of AMPK, resulting in microglial activation and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Conditional knockout of AMPK revealed an antidepressant phenotype, which can also block depression-related behaviors induced by PPM1F knockdown. Furthermore, inhibiting the acetylase activity of p300 abolished the beneficial effects of PPM1F elevation on CUS-induced depressive behaviors. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that PPM1F in the mPFC modulates depression-related behavioral responses by regulating the function of p300 via the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Hu X, Zhao HL, Kurban N, Qin Y, Chen X, Cui SY, Zhang YH. Reduction of BDNF Levels and Biphasic Changes in Glutamate Release in the Prefrontal Cortex Correlate with Susceptibility to Chronic Stress-Induced Anhedonia. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0406-23.2023. [PMID: 37989582 PMCID: PMC10668226 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0406-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress has been considered to induce depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, particularly in susceptible individuals. Synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is closely associated with susceptibility or resilience to chronic stress-induced anhedonia. However, effects of chronic stress with different durations on the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to anhedonia remain unclear. The present study investigated effects of chronic mild stress (CMS) for 14, 21, and 35 d on anhedonia-like behavior and glutamate synapses in the PFC. We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the PFC significantly decreased only in anhedonia-susceptible rats that were exposed to CMS for 14, 21, and 35 d. Additionally, 14 d of CMS increased prefrontal glutamate release, and 35 d of CMS decreased glutamate release, in addition to reducing synaptic proteins and spine density in the PFC. Moreover, we found that anhedonia-like behavior in a subset of rats spontaneously decreased, accompanied by the restoration of BDNF levels and glutamate release, on day 21 of CMS. Ketamine treatment restored the reduction of BDNF levels and biphasic changes in glutamate release that were induced by CMS. Our findings revealed a progressive reduction of synaptic plasticity and biphasic changes in glutamate release in the PFC during CMS. Reductions of BDNF levels may be key neurobiological markers of susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nurhumar Kurban
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Puig S, Xue X, Salisbury R, Shelton MA, Kim SM, Hildebrand MA, Glausier JR, Freyberg Z, Tseng GC, Yocum AK, Lewis DA, Seney ML, MacDonald ML, Logan RW. Circadian rhythm disruptions associated with opioid use disorder in synaptic proteomes of human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4777-4792. [PMID: 37674018 PMCID: PMC10914630 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Opioid craving and relapse vulnerability is associated with severe and persistent sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of circadian rhythms and opioid use disorder (OUD) may prove valuable for developing new treatments for opioid addiction. Previous work indicated molecular rhythm disruptions in the human brain associated with OUD, highlighting synaptic alterations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc)-key brain regions involved in cognition and reward, and heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of OUD. To provide further insights into the synaptic alterations in OUD, we used mass-spectrometry based proteomics to deeply profile protein expression alterations in bulk tissue and synaptosome preparations from DLPFC and NAc of unaffected and OUD subjects. We identified 55 differentially expressed (DE) proteins in DLPFC homogenates, and 44 DE proteins in NAc homogenates, between unaffected and OUD subjects. In synaptosomes, we identified 161 and 56 DE proteins in DLPFC and NAc, respectively, of OUD subjects. By comparing homogenate and synaptosome protein expression, we identified proteins enriched specifically in synapses that were significantly altered in both DLPFC and NAc of OUD subjects. Across brain regions, synaptic protein alterations in OUD subjects were primarily identified in glutamate, GABA, and circadian rhythm signaling. Using time-of-death (TOD) analyses, where the TOD of each subject is used as a time-point across a 24-h cycle, we were able to map circadian-related changes associated with OUD in synaptic proteomes associated with vesicle-mediated transport and membrane trafficking in the NAc and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signaling in DLPFC. Collectively, our findings lend further support for molecular rhythm disruptions in synaptic signaling in the human brain as a key factor in opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Puig
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiangning Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Salisbury
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Micah A Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sam-Moon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mariah A Hildebrand
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jill R Glausier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - David A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marianne L Seney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew L MacDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ryan W Logan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Wingert JC, Anguiano JN, Ramos JD, Blacktop JM, Gonzalez AE, Churchill L, Sorg BA. Enhanced expression of parvalbumin and perineuronal nets in the medial prefrontal cortex after extended-access cocaine self-administration in rats. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13334. [PMID: 37855072 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) drives cocaine-seeking behaviour in rodent models of cocaine use disorder. Parvalbumin (PV)-containing GABAergic interneurons powerfully control the output of the mPFC, yet few studies have focused on how these neurons modulate cocaine-seeking behaviour. Most PV neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which regulate the firing of PV neurons. We examined staining intensity and number of PV and PNNs after long-access (6 h/day) cocaine self-administration in rats followed by either 8-10 days extinction ± cue-induced reinstatement or short-term (1-2 days) or long-term (30-31 days) abstinence ± cue-induced reinstatement. The intensity of PNNs was increased in the prelimbic and infralimbic PFC after long-term abstinence in the absence of cue reinstatement and after cue reinstatement following both daily extinction sessions and after a 30-day abstinence period. PV intensity was increased after 30 days of abstinence in the prelimbic but not infralimbic PFC. Enzymatic removal of PNNs with chondroitinase ABC (ABC) in the prelimbic PFC did not prevent incubation of cue-induced reinstatement but decreased cocaine-seeking behaviour at both 2 and 31 days of abstinence, and this decrease at 31 days was accompanied by reduced c-Fos levels in the prelimbic PFC. Increases in PNN intensity have generally been associated with the loss of plasticity, suggesting that the persistent and chronic nature of cocaine use disorder may in part be attributed to long-lasting increases in PNN intensity that reduce the ability of stimuli to alter synaptic input to underlying PV neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jereme C Wingert
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jonathan N Anguiano
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jonathan D Ramos
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jordan M Blacktop
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
| | - Angela E Gonzalez
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lynn Churchill
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Barbara A Sorg
- Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
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126
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Yarur HE, Casello SM, Tsai VS, Enriquez-Traba J, Kore R, Wang H, Arenivar M, Tejeda HA. Dynorphin / kappa-opioid receptor regulation of excitation-inhibition balance toggles afferent control of prefrontal cortical circuits in a pathway-specific manner. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4801-4813. [PMID: 37644172 PMCID: PMC10914606 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) controls behavior via connections with limbic excitatory afferents that engage various inhibitory motifs to shape mPFC circuit function. The dynorphin (Dyn) / kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system is highly enriched in the mPFC, and its dysregulation is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, it is unclear how the Dyn / KOR system modulates excitatory and inhibitory circuits that are integral for mPFC information processing and behavioral control. Here, we provide a circuit-based framework wherein mPFC Dyn / KOR signaling regulates excitation-inhibition balance by toggling which afferents drive mPFC neurons. Dyn / KOR regulation of afferent inputs is pathway-specific. Dyn acting on presynaptic KORs inhibits glutamate release from afferent inputs to the mPFC, including the basolateral amygdala (BLA), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, and contralateral cortex. The majority of excitatory synapses to mPFC neurons, including those from the ventral hippocampus (VH), do not express presynaptic KOR, rendering them insensitive to Dyn / KOR modulation. Dyn / KOR signaling also suppresses afferent-driven recruitment of specific inhibitory sub-networks, providing a basis for Dyn to disinhibit mPFC circuits. Specifically, Dyn / KOR signaling preferentially suppresses SST interneuron- relative to PV interneuron-mediated inhibition. Selective KOR action on afferents or within mPFC microcircuits gates how distinct limbic inputs drive spiking in mPFC neurons. Presynaptic Dyn / KOR signaling decreases KOR-positive input-driven (e.g. BLA) spiking of mPFC neurons. In contrast, KOR-negative input recruitment of mPFC neurons is enhanced by Dyn / KOR signaling via suppression of mPFC inhibitory microcircuits. Thus, by acting on distinct circuit elements, Dyn / KOR signaling shifts KOR-positive and negative afferent control of mPFC circuits, providing mechanistic insights into the role of neuropeptides in shaping mPFC function. Together, these findings highlight the utility of targeting the mPFC Dyn / KOR system as a means to treat neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by dysregulation in mPFC integration of long-range afferents with local inhibitory microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector E Yarur
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sanne M Casello
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Valerie S Tsai
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Enriquez-Traba
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Graduate Partnership Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rufina Kore
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Huikun Wang
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Arenivar
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Graduate Partnership Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hugo A Tejeda
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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127
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Mulholland PJ, Berto S, Wilmarth PA, McMahan C, Ball LE, Woodward JJ. Adaptor protein complex 2 in the orbitofrontal cortex predicts alcohol use disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4766-4776. [PMID: 37679472 PMCID: PMC10918038 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a life-threatening disease characterized by compulsive drinking, cognitive deficits, and social impairment that continue despite negative consequences. The inability of individuals with AUD to regulate drinking may involve functional deficits in cortical areas that normally balance actions that have aspects of both reward and risk. Among these, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is critically involved in goal-directed behavior and is thought to maintain a representation of reward value that guides decision making. In the present study, we analyzed post-mortem OFC brain samples collected from age- and sex-matched control subjects and those with AUD using proteomics, bioinformatics, machine learning, and reverse genetics approaches. Of the 4,500+ total unique proteins identified in the proteomics screen, there were 47 proteins that differed significantly by sex that were enriched in processes regulating extracellular matrix and axonal structure. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that proteins differentially expressed in AUD cases were involved in synaptic and mitochondrial function, as well as transmembrane transporter activity. Alcohol-sensitive OFC proteins also mapped to abnormal social behaviors and social interactions. Machine learning analysis of the post-mortem OFC proteome revealed dysregulation of presynaptic (e.g., AP2A1) and mitochondrial proteins that predicted the occurrence and severity of AUD. Using a reverse genetics approach to validate a target protein, we found that prefrontal Ap2a1 expression significantly correlated with voluntary alcohol drinking in male and female genetically diverse mouse strains. Moreover, recombinant inbred strains that inherited the C57BL/6J allele at the Ap2a1 interval consumed higher amounts of alcohol than those that inherited the DBA/2J allele. Together, these findings highlight the impact of excessive alcohol consumption on the human OFC proteome and identify important cross-species cortical mechanisms and proteins that control drinking in individuals with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Mulholland
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Stefano Berto
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Christopher McMahan
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson-MUSC Artificial Intelligence Hub, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0975, USA
| | - Lauren E Ball
- Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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128
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Venkatesan S, Binko MA, Mielnik CA, Ramsey AJ, Lambe EK. Deficits in integrative NMDA receptors caused by Grin1 disruption can be rescued in adulthood. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1742-1751. [PMID: 37349472 PMCID: PMC10579298 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutamatergic NMDA receptors (NMDAR) are critical for cognitive function, and their reduced expression leads to intellectual disability. Since subpopulations of NMDARs exist in distinct subcellular environments, their functioning may be unevenly vulnerable to genetic disruption. Here, we investigate synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDARs on the major output neurons of the prefrontal cortex in mice deficient for the obligate NMDAR subunit encoded by Grin1 and wild-type littermates. With whole-cell recording in brain slices, we find that single, low-intensity stimuli elicit surprisingly-similar glutamatergic synaptic currents in both genotypes. By contrast, clear genotype differences emerge with manipulations that recruit extrasynaptic NMDARs, including stronger, repetitive, or pharmacological stimulation. These results reveal a disproportionate functional deficit of extrasynaptic NMDARs compared to their synaptic counterparts. To probe the repercussions of this deficit, we examine an NMDAR-dependent phenomenon considered a building block of cognitive integration, basal dendrite plateau potentials. Since we find this phenomenon is readily evoked in wild-type but not in Grin1-deficient mice, we ask whether plateau potentials can be restored by an adult intervention to increase Grin1 expression. This genetic manipulation, previously shown to restore cognitive performance in adulthood, successfully rescues electrically-evoked basal dendrite plateau potentials after a lifetime of NMDAR compromise. Taken together, our work demonstrates NMDAR subpopulations are not uniformly vulnerable to the genetic disruption of their obligate subunit. Furthermore, the window for functional rescue of the more-sensitive integrative NMDARs remains open into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary A Binko
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catharine A Mielnik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amy J Ramsey
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyn K Lambe
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of OBGYN, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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129
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Codeluppi SA, Xu M, Bansal Y, Lepack AE, Duric V, Chow M, Muir J, Bagot RC, Licznerski P, Wilber SL, Sanacora G, Sibille E, Duman RS, Pittenger C, Banasr M. Prefrontal cortex astroglia modulate anhedonia-like behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4632-4641. [PMID: 37696873 PMCID: PMC10914619 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Reductions of astroglia expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are consistently found in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of patients with depression and in rodent chronic stress models. Here, we examine the consequences of PFC GFAP+ cell depletion and cell activity enhancement on depressive-like behaviors in rodents. Using viral expression of diphtheria toxin receptor in PFC GFAP+ cells, which allows experimental depletion of these cells following diphtheria toxin administration, we demonstrated that PFC GFAP+ cell depletion induced anhedonia-like behavior within 2 days and lasting up to 8 days, but no anxiety-like deficits. Conversely, activating PFC GFAP+ cell activity for 3 weeks using designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) reversed chronic restraint stress-induced anhedonia-like deficits, but not anxiety-like deficits. Our results highlight a critical role of cortical astroglia in the development of anhedonia and further support the idea of targeting astroglia for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Codeluppi
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Bansal
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A E Lepack
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - V Duric
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Des Moines University, West Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - M Chow
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Muir
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - R C Bagot
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - P Licznerski
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S L Wilber
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R S Duman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Pittenger
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M Banasr
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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130
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Griffin A, Chen M, Tiwari VK. Dissection of cellular disruptions in autism spectrum disorder comorbidities. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3921-3931. [PMID: 37807181 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder have at least one other neuropsychiatric comorbidity. The causes of such disorders are highly genetic, yet many studies fail to take analysis further than risk gene discovery to see cellular and mechanistic changes occurring. Therefore, the goal of this study was to unveil novel gene expression signatures involved in important neurodevelopmental processes that, when disrupted, lead to each of the autism comorbidities of interest. We achieved this by analysing a single-nuclei RNA sequencing dataset with prefrontal cortex samples from autism spectrum disorder plus comorbidities for differentially expressed genes. The highest number of alterations was seen in excitatory neurons, which also showed differential population and cell-cell interactions across disorders and an increase in expression of genes involved in neurodevelopmental pathways. Interestingly, the group without comorbidities displayed an increase in neuron-neuron interactions yet a decrease in population number, suggesting a major rewiring of neuronal connections. Further analysis of the topmost significant genes from this cell type in developing prefrontal cortex datasets revealed interesting expression trajectories corresponding to important time points during corticogenesis. This further identified four novel candidate genes that show a potential link to developmental pathways that may contribute to autism and its comorbidities when dysregulated. The study provides a better understanding of co-occurring conditions at a transcriptomic and cell-type level and thereby aid future research in providing earlier diagnosis, care and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Griffin
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Mei Chen
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Vijay K Tiwari
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
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131
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Farsi Z, Nicolella A, Simmons SK, Aryal S, Shepard N, Brenner K, Lin S, Herzog L, Moran SP, Stalnaker KJ, Shin W, Gazestani V, Song BJ, Bonanno K, Keshishian H, Carr SA, Pan JQ, Macosko EZ, Datta SR, Dejanovic B, Kim E, Levin JZ, Sheng M. Brain-region-specific changes in neurons and glia and dysregulation of dopamine signaling in Grin2a mutant mice. Neuron 2023; 111:3378-3396.e9. [PMID: 37657442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A genetically valid animal model could transform our understanding of schizophrenia (SCZ) disease mechanisms. Rare heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in GRIN2A, encoding a subunit of the NMDA receptor, greatly increase the risk of SCZ. By transcriptomic, proteomic, and behavioral analyses, we report that heterozygous Grin2a mutant mice show (1) large-scale gene expression changes across multiple brain regions and in neuronal (excitatory and inhibitory) and non-neuronal cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), (2) evidence of hypoactivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hyperactivity in the hippocampus and striatum, (3) an elevated dopamine signaling in the striatum and hypersensitivity to amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (AIH), (4) altered cholesterol biosynthesis in astrocytes, (5) a reduction in glutamatergic receptor signaling proteins in the synapse, and (6) an aberrant locomotor pattern opposite of that induced by antipsychotic drugs. These findings reveal potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, provide support for both the "hypo-glutamate" and "hyper-dopamine" hypotheses of SCZ, and underscore the utility of Grin2a-deficient mice as a genetic model of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farsi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ally Nicolella
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean K Simmons
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Aryal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nate Shepard
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kira Brenner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sherry Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linnea Herzog
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean P Moran
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katherine J Stalnaker
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wangyong Shin
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Vahid Gazestani
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan J Song
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Bonanno
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hasmik Keshishian
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Borislav Dejanovic
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joshua Z Levin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Morgan Sheng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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132
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Saad N, Raviv D, Mizrachi Zer-Aviv T, Akirav I. Cannabidiol Modulates Emotional Function and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Middle-Aged Female Rats Exposed to Social Isolation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15492. [PMID: 37895171 PMCID: PMC10607116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with changes in cognitive and emotional function. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been reported to attenuate stress and anxiety in human and animal studies. In this study, we aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of CBD among middle-aged female rats exposed to social isolation (SI) and the potential involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in these effects. Thirteen-month-old female rats were group-housed (GH) or exposed to social isolation (SI) and treated with vehicle or CBD (10 mg/kg). CBD restored the SI-induced immobility in the forced swim test and the SI-induced decrease in the expression of BDNF protein levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). CBD also increased the time that rats spent in the center in an open field, improved spatial training, and increased BDNF expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). BDNF expression was found to be correlated with an antidepressant (in the NAc) and an anxiolytic (in the mPFC, BLA, NAc) phenotype, and with learning improvement in the PFC. Together, our results suggest that CBD may serve as a beneficial agent for wellbeing in old age and may help with age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Saad
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (N.S.); (D.R.); (T.M.Z.-A.)
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Danielle Raviv
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (N.S.); (D.R.); (T.M.Z.-A.)
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Tomer Mizrachi Zer-Aviv
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (N.S.); (D.R.); (T.M.Z.-A.)
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Irit Akirav
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (N.S.); (D.R.); (T.M.Z.-A.)
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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133
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Li WY, Shi TS, Huang J, Chen YM, Guan W, Jiang B, Wang CN. Activation of mTORC1 Signaling Cascade in Hippocampus and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Required for Antidepressant Actions of Vortioxetine in Mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:655-668. [PMID: 37025079 PMCID: PMC10586031 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although thought of as a multimodal-acting antidepressant targeting the serotonin system, more molecules are being shown to participate in the antidepressant mechanism of vortioxetine. A previous report has shown that vortioxetine administration enhanced the expression of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in neurons. It has been well demonstrated that mTORC1 participates in not only the pathogenesis of depression but also the pharmacological mechanisms of many antidepressants. Therefore, we speculate that the antidepressant mechanism of vortioxetine may require mTORC1. METHODS Two mouse models of depression (chronic social defeat stress and chronic unpredictable mild stress) and western blotting were first used together to examine whether vortioxetine administration produced reversal effects against the chronic stress-induced downregulation in the whole mTORC1 signaling cascade in both the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Then, LY294002, U0126, and rapamycin were used together to explore whether the antidepressant effects of vortioxetine in mouse models of depression were attenuated by pharmacological blockade of the mTORC1 system. Furthermore, lentiviral-mTORC1-short hairpin RNA-enhanced green fluorescence protein (LV-mTORC1-shRNA-EGFP) was adopted to examine if genetic blockade of mTORC1 also abolished the antidepressant actions of vortioxetine in mice. RESULTS Vortioxetine administration produced significant reversal effects against the chronic stress-induced downregulation in the whole mTORC1 signaling cascade in both the hippocampus and mPFC. Both pharmacological and genetic blockade of the mTORC1 system notably attenuated the antidepressant effects of vortioxetine in mice. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the mTORC1 system in the hippocampus and mPFC is required for the antidepressant actions of vortioxetine in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian-Shun Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Mei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng-Niu Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Kuang J, Kafetzopoulos V, Deth R, Kocsis B. Dopamine D4 Receptor Agonist Drastically Increases Delta Activity in the Thalamic Nucleus Reuniens: Potential Role in Communication between Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15289. [PMID: 37894968 PMCID: PMC10607171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Network oscillations are essential for all cognitive functions. Oscillatory deficits are well established in psychiatric diseases and are recapitulated in animal models. They are significantly and specifically affected by pharmacological interventions using psychoactive compounds. Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) activation was shown to enhance gamma rhythm in freely moving rats and to specifically affect slow delta and theta oscillations in the urethane-anesthetized rat model. The goal of this study was to test the effect of D4R activation on slow network oscillations at delta and theta frequencies during wake states, potentially supporting enhanced functional connectivity during dopamine-induced attention and cognitive processing. Network activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC) and nucleus reuniens (RE) in control conditions and after injecting the D4R agonist A-412997 (3 and 5 mg/kg; systemic administration). We found that A-412997 elicited a lasting (~40 min) wake state and drastically enhanced narrow-band delta oscillations in the PFC and RE in a dose-dependent manner. It also preferentially enhanced delta synchrony over theta coupling within the PFC-RE-HC circuit, strongly strengthening PFC-RE coupling. Thus, our findings indicate that the D4R may contribute to cognitive processes, at least in part, through acting on wake delta oscillations and that the RE, providing an essential link between the PFC and HC, plays a prominent role in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
| | - V. Kafetzopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Richard Deth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA;
| | - B. Kocsis
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
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Shao T, Huang J, Zhao Y, Wang W, Tian X, Hei G, Kang D, Gao Y, Liu F, Zhao J, Liu B, Yuan TF, Wu R. Metformin improves cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia: associated with enhanced functional connectivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:315. [PMID: 37821461 PMCID: PMC10567690 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, which is aggravated by antipsychotics-induced metabolic disturbance and lacks effective pharmacologic treatments in clinical practice. Our previous study demonstrated the efficiency of metformin in alleviating metabolic disturbance following antipsychotic administration. Here we report that metformin could ameliorate cognitive impairment and improve functional connectivity (FC) in prefrontal regions. This is an open-labeled, evaluator-blinded study. Clinically stable patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to receive antipsychotics plus metformin (N = 48) or antipsychotics alone (N = 24) for 24 weeks. The improvement in cognition was assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Its association with metabolic measurements, and voxel-wise whole-brain FC with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) subregions as seeds were evaluated. When compared to the antipsychotics alone group, the addition of metformin resulted in significantly greater improvements in the MCCB composite score, speed of processing, working memory, verbal learning, and visual learning. A significant time × group interaction effect of increased FC between DLPFC and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/middle cingulate cortex (MCC), and between DLPFC subregions were observed after metformin treatment, which was positively correlated with MCCB cognitive performance. Furthermore, the FC between left DLPFC A9/46d to right ACC/MCC significantly mediated metformin-induced speed of processing improvement; the FC between left A46 to right ACC significantly mediated metformin-induced verbal learning improvement. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that metformin can improve cognitive impairments in schizophrenia patients and is partly related to the FC changes in the DLPFC. Trial Registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03271866). The full trial protocol is provided in Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiannan Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Weiyan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Gangrui Hei
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Dongyu Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Changde, Changde Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changde, 415900, PR China
| | - Fangkun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, PR China
| | - Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China.
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136
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Ma Q, Wonnacott S, Bailey SJ, Bailey CP. Sex Differences in Brain Region-Specific Activation of c-Fos following Kappa Opioid Receptor Stimulation or Acute Stress in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15098. [PMID: 37894779 PMCID: PMC10606335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kappa opioid receptors (KOPr) are involved in the response to stress. KOPr are also targets for the treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and addiction although effects of KOPr are often sex-dependent. Here we investigated c-Fos expression in a range of brain regions in male and female mice following an acute stressor, and a single injection of KOPr agonist. Using adult C57BL/6 c-Fos-GFP transgenic mice and quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we identified brain regions activated in response to a challenge with the KOPr agonist U50,488 (20 mg/kg) or an acute stress (15 min forced swim stress, FSS). In male mice, U50,488 increased expression of c-Fos in the prelimbic area of the prefrontal cortex (PFCx), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala (BLA). In contrast, in female mice U50,488 only activated the BLA but not the PFCx or the NAcc. FSS increased activation of PFCx, NAcc, and BLA in males while there was no activation of the PFCx in female mice. In both sexes, the KOPr antagonist norBNI significantly blocked U50,488-induced, but not stress-induced activation of brain regions. In separate experiments, activated cells were confirmed as non-GABAergic neurons in the PFCx and NAcc. Together these data demonstrate sex differences in activation of brain regions that are key components of the 'reward' circuitry. These differential responses may contribute to sex differences in stress-related psychiatric disorders and in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah J. Bailey
- Correspondence: (S.J.B.); (C.P.B.); Tel.: +44-(0)1225-383-935 (C.P.B.)
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137
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Murphy KE, Duncan B, Sperringer JE, Zhang E, Haberman V, Wyatt EV, Maness P. Ankyrin B promotes developmental spine regulation in the mouse prefrontal cortex. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10634-10648. [PMID: 37642601 PMCID: PMC10560577 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Postnatal regulation of dendritic spine formation and refinement in cortical pyramidal neurons is critical for excitatory/inhibitory balance in neocortical networks. Recent studies have identified a selective spine pruning mechanism in the mouse prefrontal cortex mediated by class 3 Semaphorins and the L1 cell adhesion molecules, neuron-glia related cell adhesion molecule, Close Homolog of L1, and L1. L1 cell adhesion molecules bind Ankyrin B, an actin-spectrin adaptor encoded by Ankyrin2, a high-confidence gene for autism spectrum disorder. In a new inducible mouse model (Nex1Cre-ERT2: Ank2flox: RCE), Ankyrin2 deletion in early postnatal pyramidal neurons increased spine density on apical dendrites in prefrontal cortex layer 2/3 of homozygous and heterozygous Ankyrin2-deficient mice. In contrast, Ankyrin2 deletion in adulthood had no effect on spine density. Sema3F-induced spine pruning was impaired in cortical neuron cultures from Ankyrin B-null mice and was rescued by re-expression of the 220 kDa Ankyrin B isoform but not 440 kDa Ankyrin B. Ankyrin B bound to neuron-glia related CAM at a cytoplasmic domain motif (FIGQY1231), and mutation to FIGQH inhibited binding, impairing Sema3F-induced spine pruning in neuronal cultures. Identification of a novel function for Ankyrin B in dendritic spine regulation provides insight into cortical circuit development, as well as potential molecular deficiencies in autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Bryce Duncan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Justin E Sperringer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Erin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Victoria Haberman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Elliott V Wyatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Patricia Maness
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Campus Box 7260, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
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138
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Hossein Geranmayeh M, Farokhi-Sisakht F, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Rahbarghazi R, Mahmoudi J, Farhoudi M. Simultaneous Pericytes and M2 Microglia Transplantation Improve Cognitive Function in Mice Model of mPFC Ischemia. Neuroscience 2023; 529:62-72. [PMID: 37591334 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is one of the major problems threatening global health. Many of the cerebral ischemia survivors would suffer from the physical and cognitive disabilities for their whole lifetime. Cell based-therapies have been introduced as a therapeutic approach for alleviating ischemia-enforced limitations. Photothrombotic stroke model was applied on the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult male BALB/c mice. Then, pericytes isolated from brain microvessels of adult male BALB/c mice, microglia isolated from brain cortices of the neonatal male BALB/c mice, and M2 phenotype shifted microglia by IL-4 treatment were used for transplantation into the injured area after 24 h of ischemia induction. The behavioural outcomes evaluated by social interaction and Barnes tests and the levels of growth associated protein (GAP)-43 and inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 protein were assessed by western blotting 7 days after cell transplantation. Animals in both of the microglia + pericytes and microglia M2 + pericytes transplanted groups showed better performance in social memory as well as enhanced spatial learning and memory compared to ischemic controls. Also, improved escape latency was only observed in microglia M2 + pericytes (p < 0.01) group compared to ischemic controls. GAP-43 showed significant protein expression in microglia + pericytes and microglia M2 + pericytes groups compared to the control group. Conversely, IL-1 levels diminished in all of the pericytes microglia + pericytes, and microglia M2 + pericytes groups compared to the ischemic controls. Current study highlights efficiency of M2 microglia and pericytes combinatory transplantation therapeutic role on relieving ischemic stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Geranmayeh
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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139
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Sarikahya MH, Cousineau SL, De Felice M, Szkudlarek HJ, Wong KKW, DeVuono MV, Lee K, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Gummerson D, Proud E, Ng THJ, Hudson R, Jung T, Hardy DB, Yeung KKC, Schmid S, Rushlow W, Laviolette SR. Prenatal THC exposure induces long-term, sex-dependent cognitive dysfunction associated with lipidomic and neuronal pathology in the prefrontal cortex-hippocampal network. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4234-4250. [PMID: 37525013 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
With increasing maternal cannabis use, there is a need to investigate the lasting impact of prenatal exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychotropic compound in cannabis, on cognitive/memory function. The endocannabinoid system (ECS), which relies on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to function, plays a crucial role in regulating prefrontal cortical (PFC) and hippocampal network-dependent behaviors essential for cognition and memory. Using a rodent model of prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE), we report that male and female offspring display long-term deficits in various cognitive domains. However, these phenotypes were associated with highly divergent, sex-dependent mechanisms. Electrophysiological recordings revealed hyperactive PFC pyramidal neuron activity in both males and females, but hypoactivity in the ventral hippocampus (vHIPP) in males, and hyperactivity in females. Further, cortical oscillatory activity states of theta, alpha, delta, beta, and gamma bandwidths were strongly sex divergent. Moreover, protein expression analyses at postnatal day (PD)21 and PD120 revealed primarily PD120 disturbances in dopamine D1R/D2 receptors, NMDA receptor 2B, synaptophysin, gephyrin, GAD67, and PPARα selectively in the PFC and vHIPP, in both regions in males, but only the vHIPP in females. Lastly, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS), we identified region-, age-, and sex-specific deficiencies in specific neural PUFAs, namely docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), and related metabolites, in the PFC and hippocampus (ventral/dorsal subiculum, and CA1 regions). This study highlights several novel, long-term and sex-specific consequences of PCE on PFC-hippocampal circuit dysfunction and the potential role of specific PUFA signaling abnormalities underlying these pathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H Sarikahya
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Samantha L Cousineau
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Marta De Felice
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Hanna J Szkudlarek
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Karen K W Wong
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Marieka V DeVuono
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Kendrick Lee
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, St. Josephs Health Care,, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Mar Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Dana Gummerson
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Emma Proud
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Tsun Hay Jason Ng
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Roger Hudson
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Tony Jung
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, St. Josephs Health Care,, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Ken K-C Yeung
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Walter Rushlow
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Josephs Health Care, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Steven R Laviolette
- Addiction Research Group, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Josephs Health Care, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada.
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140
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Laaker CJ, Cantelon C, Davis AB, Lloyd KR, Agyeman N, Hiltz AR, Smith BL, Konsman JP, Reyes TM. Early life cancer and chemotherapy lead to cognitive deficits related to alterations in microglial-associated gene expression in prefrontal cortex. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:176-188. [PMID: 37468114 PMCID: PMC10529696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Children that survive leukemia are at an increased risk for cognitive difficulties. A better understanding of the neurobiological changes in response to early life chemotherapy will help develop therapeutic strategies to improve quality of life for leukemia survivors. To that end, we used a translationally-relevant mouse model consisting of leukemic cell line (L1210) injection into postnatal day (P)19 mice followed by methotrexate, vincristine, and leucovorin chemotherapy. Beginning one week after the end of chemotherapy, social behavior, recognition memory and executive function (using the 5 choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT)) were tested in male and female mice. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) were collected at the conclusion of behavioral assays for gene expression analysis. Mice exposed to early life cancer + chemotherapy were slower to progress through increasingly difficult stages of the 5CSRTT and showed an increase in premature errors, indicating impulsive action. A cluster of microglial-related genes in the PFC were found to be associated with performance in the 5CSRTT and acquisition of the operant response, and long-term changes in gene expression were evident in both PFC and HPC. This work identifies gene expression changes in PFC and HPC that may underlie cognitive deficits in survivors of early life exposure to cancer + chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin J Laaker
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Claire Cantelon
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alyshia B Davis
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelsey R Lloyd
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nana Agyeman
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adam R Hiltz
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brittany L Smith
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jan Pieter Konsman
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Santinha AJ, Klingler E, Kuhn M, Farouni R, Lagler S, Kalamakis G, Lischetti U, Jabaudon D, Platt RJ. Transcriptional linkage analysis with in vivo AAV-Perturb-seq. Nature 2023; 622:367-375. [PMID: 37730998 PMCID: PMC10567566 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing compendium of genetic variants associated with human pathologies demands new methods to study genotype-phenotype relationships in complex tissues in a high-throughput manner1,2. Here we introduce adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated direct in vivo single-cell CRISPR screening, termed AAV-Perturb-seq, a tuneable and broadly applicable method for transcriptional linkage analysis as well as high-throughput and high-resolution phenotyping of genetic perturbations in vivo. We applied AAV-Perturb-seq using gene editing and transcriptional inhibition to systematically dissect the phenotypic landscape underlying 22q11.2 deletion syndrome3,4 genes in the adult mouse brain prefrontal cortex. We identified three 22q11.2-linked genes involved in known and previously undescribed pathways orchestrating neuronal functions in vivo that explain approximately 40% of the transcriptional changes observed in a 22q11.2-deletion mouse model. Our findings suggest that the 22q11.2-deletion syndrome transcriptional phenotype found in mature neurons may in part be due to the broad dysregulation of a class of genes associated with disease susceptibility that are important for dysfunctional RNA processing and synaptic function. Our study establishes a flexible and scalable direct in vivo method to facilitate causal understanding of biological and disease mechanisms with potential applications to identify genetic interventions and therapeutic targets for treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Santinha
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Esther Klingler
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Kuhn
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rick Farouni
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Lagler
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Kalamakis
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Lischetti
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Jabaudon
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Randall J Platt
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.
- Botnar Research Center for Child Health, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- NCCR Molecular Systems Engineering, Basel, Switzerland.
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Sarhan NR, El Nashar EM, Hamza E, El-Beah SM, Alghamdi MA, Al-Khater KM, Aldahhan RA, Abul-Ela ES. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling is an essential molecular pathway for the anti-aging effect of whey protein in the prefrontal cortex of aging rat model (Histological and Biochemical Study). Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102192. [PMID: 37579617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a highly complicated natural process. Brain aging is associated with remarkable neurodegenerative changes and oxidative damage. Whey protein (WP) has been mentioned to have an antioxidant property. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is an antioxidant defense system. Nrf2 activity declines with age so, its activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for aging. This study aimed to explore the anti-aging role of WP against D-galactose (D-gal) induced age-related degenerative changes and oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and investigate its underlying mechanisms. Forty adult male rats were divided into 4 groups; control, WP group received WP (28.77 mg/kg/day) by gastric tube on the 4th experimental week; D-gal (model group) received D-gal (300 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 8 weeks and D-gal +WP group received WP on the 4th week of D-gal treatment. Specimens from PFC were obtained for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. WP treatment in D-gal +WP group reduced lipid peroxidation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased advanced glycation end products level and improved the histological and ultrastructural alterations. Moreover, the number of neurons expressed the senescence marker; p21 and percentage area of the astrocytic marker; glial fibrillary acidic protein were significantly reduced. WP also enhanced Nrf2 pathway and its downstream targets; heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1. In conclusion WP alleviates the D-gal-induced PFC aging through activating Nrf2 pathway, reducing cell senescence and gliosis. So, it may be a potential therapeutic target to retard the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Reda Sarhan
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt.
| | - Eman Mohamed El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Hamza
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt
| | - Shimaa M El-Beah
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid A Aldahhan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Shaaban Abul-Ela
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Chatzinakos C, Pernia CD, Morrison FG, Iatrou A, McCullough KM, Schuler H, Snijders C, Bajaj T, DiPietro CP, Soliva Estruch M, Gassen NC, Anastasopoulos C, Bharadwaj RA, Bowlby BC, Hartmann J, Maihofer AX, Nievergelt CM, Ressler NM, Wolf EJ, Carlezon WA, Krystal JH, Kleinman JE, Girgenti MJ, Huber BR, Kellis M, Logue MW, Miller MW, Ressler KJ, Daskalakis NP. Single-Nucleus Transcriptome Profiling of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: Mechanistic Roles for Neuronal Gene Expression, Including the 17q21.31 Locus, in PTSD Stress Response. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:739-754. [PMID: 37491937 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multidisciplinary studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) implicate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in disease risk and pathophysiology. Postmortem brain studies have relied on bulk-tissue RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), but single-cell RNA-seq is needed to dissect cell-type-specific mechanisms. The authors conducted the first single-nucleus RNA-seq postmortem brain study in PTSD to elucidate disease transcriptomic pathology with cell-type-specific resolution. METHOD Profiling of 32 DLPFC samples from 11 individuals with PTSD, 10 with MDD, and 11 control subjects was conducted (∼415K nuclei; >13K cells per sample). A replication sample included 15 DLPFC samples (∼160K nuclei; >11K cells per sample). RESULTS Differential gene expression analyses identified significant single-nucleus RNA-seq differentially expressed genes (snDEGs) in excitatory (EX) and inhibitory (IN) neurons and astrocytes, but not in other cell types or bulk tissue. MDD samples had more false discovery rate-corrected significant snDEGs, and PTSD samples had a greater replication rate. In EX and IN neurons, biological pathways that were differentially enriched in PTSD compared with MDD included glucocorticoid signaling. Furthermore, glucocorticoid signaling in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons demonstrated greater relevance in PTSD and opposite direction of regulation compared with MDD, especially in EX neurons. Many snDEGs were from the 17q21.31 locus and are particularly interesting given causal roles in disease pathogenesis and DLPFC-based neuroimaging (PTSD: ARL17B, LINC02210-CRHR1, and LRRC37A2; MDD: LRRC37A and LRP4), while others were regulated by glucocorticoids in iPSC-derived neurons (PTSD: SLC16A6, TAF1C; MDD: CDH3). CONCLUSIONS The study findings point to cell-type-specific mechanisms of brain stress response in PTSD and MDD, highlighting the importance of examining cell-type-specific gene expression and indicating promising novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Chatzinakos
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Cameron D Pernia
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Filomene G Morrison
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Artemis Iatrou
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Kenneth M McCullough
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Heike Schuler
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Clara Snijders
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Christopher P DiPietro
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Marina Soliva Estruch
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Constantin Anastasopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Rahul A Bharadwaj
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Benjamin C Bowlby
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Jakob Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Caroline M Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Nicholas M Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Erika J Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - William A Carlezon
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Matthew J Girgenti
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Bertrand R Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Mark W Logue
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Mark W Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
| | - Nikolaos P Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)
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Ross RA, Kim A, Das P, Li Y, Choi YK, Thompson AT, Douglas E, Subramanian S, Ramos K, Callahan K, Bolshakov VY, Ressler KJ. Prefrontal cortex melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4R) mediate food intake behavior in male mice. Physiol Behav 2023; 269:114280. [PMID: 37369302 PMCID: PMC10528493 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) activity in the hypothalamus is crucial for regulation of metabolism and food intake. The peptide ligands for the MC4R are associated with feeding, energy expenditure, and also with complex behaviors that orchestrate energy intake and expenditure, but the downstream neuroanatomical and neurochemical targets associated with these behaviors are elusive. In addition to strong expression in the hypothalamus, the MC4R is highly expressed in the medial prefrontal cortex, a region involved in executive function and decision-making. METHODS Using viral techniques in genetically modified male mice combined with molecular techniques, we identify and define the effects on feeding behavior of a novel population of MC4R expressing neurons in the infralimbic (IL) region of the cortex. RESULTS Here, we describe a novel population of MC4R-expressing neurons in the IL of the mouse prefrontal cortex that are glutamatergic, receive input from melanocortinergic neurons, and project to multiple regions that coordinate appetitive responses to food-related stimuli. The neurons are stimulated by application of MC4R-specific peptidergic agonist, THIQ. Deletion of MC4R from the IL neurons causes increased food intake and body weight gain and impaired executive function in simple food-related behavior tasks. CONCLUSION Together, these data suggest that MC4R neurons of the IL play a critical role in the regulation of food intake in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Ross
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Angela Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priyanka Das
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kat Ramos
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Callahan
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Vadim Y Bolshakov
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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145
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Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Hearn E, Moulana M, Saleem K, Clark A, Holmes M, Wadhwa K, Kelly I, Stockmeier CA, Rajkowska G. Reduced length of nodes of Ranvier and altered proteoglycan immunoreactivity in prefrontal white matter in major depressive disorder and chronically stressed rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16419. [PMID: 37775676 PMCID: PMC10541441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in animals feature comparable cellular and molecular disturbances that involve neurons and glial cells in gray and white matter (WM) in prefrontal brain areas. These same areas demonstrate disturbed connectivity with other brain regions in MDD and stress-related disorders. Functional connectivity ultimately depends on signal propagation along WM myelinated axons, and thus on the integrity of nodes of Ranvier (NRs) and their environment. Various glia-derived proteoglycans interact with NR axonal proteins to sustain NR function. It is unclear whether NR length and the content of associated proteoglycans is altered in prefrontal cortex (PFC) WM of human subjects with MDD and in experimentally stressed animals. The length of WM NRs in histological sections from the PFC of 10 controls and 10 MDD subjects, and from the PFC of control and CUS rats was measured. In addition, in WM of the same brain region, five proteoglycans, tenascin-R and NR protein neurofascin were immunostained or their levels measured with western blots. Analysis of covariance and t-tests were used for group comparisons. There was dramatic reduction of NR length in PFC WM in both MDD and CUS rats. Proteoglycan BRAL1 immunostaining was reduced at NRs and in overall WM of MDD subjects, as was versican in overall WM. Phosphacan immunostaining and levels were increased in both in MDD and CUS. Neurofascin immunostaining at NRs and in overall WM was significantly increased in MDD. Reduced length of NRs and increased phosphacan and neurocan in MDD and stressed animals suggest that morphological and proteoglycan changes at NRs in depression may be related to stress exposure and contribute to connectivity alterations. However, differences between MDD and CUS for some NR related markers may point to other mechanisms affecting the structure and function of NRs in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier Miguel-Hidalgo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| | - Erik Hearn
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Mohadetheh Moulana
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Khunsa Saleem
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Austin Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Maggie Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Kashish Wadhwa
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Isabella Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Craig Allen Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Grazyna Rajkowska
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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Rodríguez-Vega A, Dutra-Tavares AC, Souza TP, Semeão KA, Filgueiras CC, Ribeiro-Carvalho A, Manhães AC, Abreu-Villaça Y. Nicotine Exposure in a Phencyclidine-Induced Mice Model of Schizophrenia: Sex-Selective Medial Prefrontal Cortex Protein Markers of the Combined Insults in Adolescent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14634. [PMID: 37834084 PMCID: PMC10572990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco misuse as a comorbidity of schizophrenia is frequently established during adolescence. However, comorbidity markers are still missing. Here, the method of label-free proteomics was used to identify deregulated proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex (prelimbic and infralimbic) of male and female mice modelled to schizophrenia with a history of nicotine exposure during adolescence. Phencyclidine (PCP), used to model schizophrenia (SCHZ), was combined with an established model of nicotine minipump infusions (NIC). The combined insults led to worse outcomes than each insult separately when considering the absolute number of deregulated proteins and that of exclusively deregulated ones. Partially shared Reactome pathways between sexes and between PCP, NIC and PCPNIC groups indicate functional overlaps. Distinctively, proteins differentially expressed exclusively in PCPNIC mice reveal unique effects associated with the comorbidity model. Interactome maps of these proteins identified sex-selective subnetworks, within which some proteins stood out: for females, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (Fkbp1a) and heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B (Hspa1b), both components of the oxidative stress subnetwork, and gamma-enolase (Eno2), a component of the energy metabolism subnetwork; and for males, amphiphysin (Amph), a component of the synaptic transmission subnetwork. These are proposed to be further investigated and validated as markers of the combined insult during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rodríguez-Vega
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Thainá P. Souza
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Keila A. Semeão
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Claudio C. Filgueiras
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Alex C. Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Yael Abreu-Villaça
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
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147
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Sirchi MM, Motaghi S, Hosseininasab NS, Abbasnejad M, Esmaili-Mahani S, Sepehri G. Age-related changes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114630. [PMID: 37586565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role as a neurotransmitter in anxiety circuits, prominently in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. The synthesis of GABA in the central nervous system is primarily governed by glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67). Aging is associated with emotional alterations, and isolation stress has been linked to increased anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the impact of aging on the gene expression of GAD67 (Gad1) in the medial prefrontal cortex (m PC) and ventral hippocampus (v Hip) of fear-potentiated rats subjected to isolation stress. To conduct the study, Wistar rats of different age groups 21-day-old (immature), 42-day-old (peri-adolescent), and 365-day-old (mature adult) were utilized. Each age level was categorized into four groups: 1) Control group - no pre-stressor, no maze, no drug, 2) Innate fear group (M) - no pre-stressor, maze, no drug, 3) Fear-potentiated group (IM) - isolation pre-stressor for 120 min, maze, no drug, and 4) Diazepam-treated group (IMD) - isolation pre-stressor for 120 min, maze, and diazepam administration. Following the tests, the (m PC) and (v Hip) regions were dissected, and Gad1 gene expression changes were assessed using Real-time PCR technique. The results revealed that, across all age groups, Gad1 expression in both the (m PC) and (v Hip) was significantly higher in the fear-potentiated groups (IM) compared to the control and innate fear (M) groups. Notably, in aged 365-day-old rats from the innate fear group (M), the expression of Gad1 in (v Hip) was also higher than that in the control group. Additionally, aged fear-potentiated rats exhibited elevated Gad1 gene expression in both structures compared to other age groups. These findings suggest that isolation stress before exposure to the elevated plus maze (EPM) can elevate Gad1 gene expression in both the (v Hip) and (m PC), and age may play a role in modulating its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Moradi Sirchi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahel Motaghi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Narges Sadat Hosseininasab
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sepehri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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148
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Perez-Palomar B, Erdozain AM, Erkizia-Santamaría I, Ortega JE, Meana JJ. Maternal Immune Activation Induces Cortical Catecholaminergic Hypofunction and Cognitive Impairments in Offspring. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:348-365. [PMID: 37208550 PMCID: PMC10577104 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment of specific cognitive domains in schizophrenia has been associated with prefrontal cortex (PFC) catecholaminergic deficits. Among other factors, prenatal exposure to infections represents an environmental risk factor for schizophrenia development in adulthood. However, it remains largely unknown whether the prenatal infection-induced changes in the brain may be associated with concrete switches in a particular neurochemical circuit, and therefore, if they could alter behavioral functions. METHODS In vitro and in vivo neurochemical evaluation of the PFC catecholaminergic systems was performed in offspring from mice undergoing maternal immune activation (MIA). The cognitive status was also evaluated. Prenatal viral infection was mimicked by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) administration to pregnant dams (7.5 mg/kg i.p., gestational day 9.5) and consequences were evaluated in adult offspring. RESULTS MIA-treated offspring showed disrupted recognition memory in the novel object recognition task (t = 2.30, p = 0.031). This poly(I:C)-based group displayed decreased extracellular dopamine (DA) concentrations compared to controls (t = 3.17, p = 0.0068). Potassium-evoked release of DA and noradrenaline (NA) were impaired in the poly(I:C) group (DA: Ft[10,90] = 43.33, p < 0.0001; Ftr[1,90] = 1.224, p = 0.2972; Fi[10,90] = 5.916, p < 0.0001; n = 11); (NA: Ft[10,90] = 36.27, p < 0.0001; Ftr[1,90] = 1.841, p = 0.208; Fi[10,90] = 8.686, p < 0.0001; n = 11). In the same way, amphetamine-evoked release of DA and NA were also impaired in the poly(I:C) group (DA: Ft[8,328] = 22.01, p < 0.0001; Ftr[1,328] = 4.507, p = 0.040; Fi[8,328] = 2.319, p = 0.020; n = 43); (NA: Ft[8,328] = 52.07; p < 0.0001; Ftr[1,328] = 4.322; p = 0.044; Fi[8,398] = 5.727; p < 0.0001; n = 43). This catecholamine imbalance was accompanied by increased dopamine D1 and D2 receptor expression (t = 2.64, p = 0.011 and t = 3.55, p = 0.0009; respectively), whereas tyrosine hydroxylase, DA and NA tissue content, DA and NA transporter (DAT/NET) expression and function were unaltered. CONCLUSIONS MIA induces in offspring a presynaptic catecholaminergic hypofunction in PFC with cognitive impairment. This poly(I:C)-based model reproduces catecholamine phenotypes reported in schizophrenia and represents an opportunity for the study of cognitive impairment associated to this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Perez-Palomar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, E-48940, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amaia M Erdozain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, E-48940, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Leioa, Spain
| | - Ines Erkizia-Santamaría
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, E-48940, Spain
| | - Jorge E Ortega
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, E-48940, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Leioa, Spain.
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, E-48940, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
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149
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Zheng QM, Zhou ZR, Hou XY, Lv N, Zhang YQ, Cao H. Transcriptome Analysis of the Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex in a Chronic Constriction Injury Model. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:375-387. [PMID: 36971954 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-023-08742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is critical for both the sensory and emotional/cognitive components of pain. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we examined changes in the transcriptomic profiles in the mPFC of mice with chronic pain using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. A mouse model of peripheral neuropathic pain was established via chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. CCI mice developed sustained mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, as well as cognitive impairment four weeks after surgery. RNA-seq was conducted 4 weeks after CCI surgery. Compared with contral group, RNA-seq identified a total 309 and 222 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ipsilateral and contralateral mPFC of CCI model mice, respectively. GO analysis indicated that the functions of these genes were mainly enriched in immune- and inflammation-related processes such as interferon-gamma production and cytokine secretion. KEGG analysis further showed the enrichment of genes involved in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway and Parkinson disease pathway that have been reported to be importantly involved in chronic neuralgia and cognitive dysfunction. Our study may provide insights into the possible mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain and pain-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Min Zheng
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zi-Rui Zhou
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Yu Hou
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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150
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Rabelo LN, Queiroz JPG, Castro CCM, Silva SP, Campos LD, Silva LC, Nascimento EB, Martínez-Cerdeño V, Fiuza FP. Layer-Specific Changes in the Prefrontal Glia/Neuron Ratio Characterizes Patches of Gene Expression Disorganization in Children with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:3648-3658. [PMID: 35704132 PMCID: PMC10084744 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is manifested by abnormal cell numbers and patches of gene expression disruption in higher-order brain regions. Here, we investigated whether layer-specific changes in glia/neuron ratios (GNR) characterize patches in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC) of children with ASD. We analyzed high-resolution digital images of postmortem human brains from 11 ASD and 11 non-ASD children obtained from the Autism Study of the Allen Human Brain Atlas. We found the GNR is overall reduced in the ASD DL-PFC. Moreover, layers II-III belonging to patches presented a lower GNR in comparison with layers V-VI. We here provide a new insight into how brain cells are arranged within patches that contributes to elucidate how neurodevelopmental programs are altered in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Nascimento Rabelo
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | - José Pablo Gonçalves Queiroz
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Miranda Castro
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | - Sayonara Pereira Silva
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Damasceno Campos
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Camila Silva
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil
| | | | - Veronica Martínez-Cerdeño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children of Northern California, MIND Institute, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Felipe Porto Fiuza
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, RN, 59280-000, Brazil.
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