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Hu M, Yang Y, Ng C, Lee C, Lee V, Tomlinson B. DGAT1 and DGAT2 polymorphisms had no effect on the lipid responses to niacin in Chinese patients with dyslipidaemia. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thomas GN, Macfarlane DJ, Guo B, Cheung BM, McGhee SM, Chou KL, Deeks JJ, Lam TH, Tomlinson B. Pedometry and 'peer support' in older Chinese adults: a 12-month cluster randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 20:11-14. [PMID: 25001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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Lee N, Hui DSC, Zuo Z, Ngai KLK, Lui GCY, Wo SK, Tam WWS, Chan MCW, Wong BCK, Wong RYK, Choi KW, Sin WWY, Lee ELY, Tomlinson B, Hayden FG, Chan PKS. A Prospective Intervention Study on Higher-Dose Oseltamivir Treatment in Adults Hospitalized With Influenza A and B Infections. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57:1511-9. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yang YL, Hu M, Chang M, Tomlinson B. A high incidence of exanthematous eruption associated with niacin/laropiprant combination in Hong Kong Chinese patients. J Clin Pharm Ther 2013; 38:528-32. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ma RCW, Hu C, Tam CH, Zhang R, Kwan P, Leung TF, Thomas GN, Go MJ, Hara K, Sim X, Ho JSK, Wang C, Li H, Lu L, Wang Y, Li JW, Wang Y, Lam VKL, Wang J, Yu W, Kim YJ, Ng DP, Fujita H, Panoutsopoulou K, Day-Williams AG, Lee HM, Ng ACW, Fang YJ, Kong APS, Jiang F, Ma X, Hou X, Tang S, Lu J, Yamauchi T, Tsui SKW, Woo J, Leung PC, Zhang X, Tang NLS, Sy HY, Liu J, Wong TY, Lee JY, Maeda S, Xu G, Cherny SS, Chan TF, Ng MCY, Xiang K, Morris AP, Keildson S, Hu R, Ji L, Lin X, Cho YS, Kadowaki T, Tai ES, Zeggini E, McCarthy MI, Hon KL, Baum L, Tomlinson B, So WY, Bao Y, Chan JCN, Jia W. Genome-wide association study in a Chinese population identifies a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes at 7q32 near PAX4. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1291-305. [PMID: 23532257 PMCID: PMC3648687 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Most genetic variants identified for type 2 diabetes have been discovered in European populations. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in a Chinese population with the aim of identifying novel variants for type 2 diabetes in Asians. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of three GWAS comprising 684 patients with type 2 diabetes and 955 controls of Southern Han Chinese descent. We followed up the top signals in two independent Southern Han Chinese cohorts (totalling 10,383 cases and 6,974 controls), and performed in silico replication in multiple populations. RESULTS We identified CDKN2A/B and four novel type 2 diabetes association signals with p < 1 × 10(-5) from the meta-analysis. Thirteen variants within these four loci were followed up in two independent Chinese cohorts, and rs10229583 at 7q32 was found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in a combined analysis of 11,067 cases and 7,929 controls (p meta = 2.6 × 10(-8); OR [95% CI] 1.18 [1.11, 1.25]). In silico replication revealed consistent associations across multiethnic groups, including five East Asian populations (p meta = 2.3 × 10(-10)) and a population of European descent (p = 8.6 × 10(-3)). The rs10229583 risk variant was associated with elevated fasting plasma glucose, impaired beta cell function in controls, and an earlier age at diagnosis for the cases. The novel variant lies within an islet-selective cluster of open regulatory elements. There was significant heterogeneity of effect between Han Chinese and individuals of European descent, Malaysians and Indians. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study identifies rs10229583 near PAX4 as a novel locus for type 2 diabetes in Chinese and other populations and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Lee HK, Ho CS, Hu M, Tomlinson B, Wong CK. Development and validation of a sensitive method for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin andN-desmethyl rosuvastatin in human plasma using liquid chromatography/negative electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 27:1369-74. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zeng W, Hu M, Yang Y, Tomlinson B. Review of cases of rhabdomyolysis admitted to the Prince of Wales Hospital. Int J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(13)70606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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58
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Yang Y, Hu M, Tomlinson B. Lipid-modifying effects of nicotinic acid with laropiprant in Hong Kong Chinese patients with dyslipidaemia. Int J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(13)70569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu M, Q. Wang D, J. Xiao Y, W. L. Mak V, Tomlinson B. Herb-Drug Interactions: Methods to Identify Potential Influence of Genetic Variations in Genes Encoding Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Drug Transporters. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012; 13:1718-30. [DOI: 10.2174/138920112800958805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chiu MLS, Hu M, Ng MHL, Yeung CK, Chan JCY, Chang MM, Cheng SH, Li L, Tomlinson B. Association between HLA-B*58:01 allele and severe cutaneous adverse reactions with allopurinol in Han Chinese in Hong Kong. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:44-9. [PMID: 22348415 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allopurinol has been reported as a common cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Recent studies in various populations suggest that HLA-B*58:01 is a strong genetic marker for allopurinol-induced SCAR, especially in populations with a high frequency of HLA-B*58:01. OBJECTIVES To confirm the association link between HLA-B*58:01 and hypersensitivity reactions attributed to allopurinol use in Han Chinese patients in Hong Kong. METHODS We performed a case-control study to investigate whether the HLA-B*58:01 allele predisposes to allopurinol-induced SCAR in Han Chinese patients in Hong Kong. The HLA-B*58:01 genotyping was performed in 20 patients with allopurinol-induced SCAR or erythema multiforme major (EMM; n = 1) and in 30 patients tolerant to allopurinol. RESULTS All of the 19 patients with allopurinol-induced SCAR examined but not the patient with EMM carried HLA-B*58:01 whereas only four (13%) of the control patients had this allele. The positive rate of the HLA-B*58:01 was significantly higher in the cases than in the allopurinol-tolerant control group [odds ratio (OR) 123·5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 12·8-1195·1; P < 1 × 10(-4) ] and was even higher after removal of the patient with EMM (OR 229·7, 95% CI 11·7-4520·4). The sensitivity and specificity of the HLA-B*58:01 allele for prediction of allopurinol-induced SCAR were 100% and 86·7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the strong association between the HLA-B*58:01 and allopurinol-induced SCAR in Hong Kong Han Chinese patients. A screening test for the HLA-B*58:01 allele should effectively reduce the risk for allopurinol-induced SCAR in Chinese populations.
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Hu M, Tomlinson B. Gender-dependent associations of uric acid levels with a polymorphism inSLC2A9in Han Chinese patients. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:161-3. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.637952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Shek D, Tomlinson B, Brown M, Brunson A, Pan CX, Lara PN. Epidemiologic trends in renal cell carcinoma in the cytokine and post-cytokine eras: a registry analysis of 28,252 patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2012; 10:93-8. [PMID: 22382008 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Advances in the targeted treatment of renal cell cancer (RCC) have shown improvements in survival in clinical trials and have largely replaced cytokine therapies as the standard of care. However it is unclear if these advances have translated to the general RCC population. We present a retrospective study of a large clinical cancer registry that demonstrates statistically significant improvements in survival in cancer patients, but the causes of this improvement are difficult to determine because of many confounders. BACKGROUND Before 2004, advanced renal cell cancer (RCC) therapy consisted primarily of cytokines such as interferon and/or interleukin-2. Subsequently, randomized trials of targeted therapies have shown a survival benefit, leading to the approval of several new agents since 2004. Whether the survival benefit seen in highly selected patients accrued to these trials has already translated to the general RCC patient population is unclear. To explore this, a large RCC patient registry was evaluated for changes in outcome between the cytokine (1998-2003) and post-cytokine (2004-2007) eras. METHODS Data from the California Cancer Registry (CCR), a population-based cancer surveillance system, was used to retrospectively analyze 28,252 patients with RCC diagnosed between 1998 and 2007. Inter-era differences in clinical variables-including year of diagnosis, histologic characteristics, age, sex, race, stage, nephrectomy status, overall survival (OS), and cause-specific survival (CSS)-were assessed. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used. RESULTS Crude 3-year OS (68.2% vs. 74.6%; 2P < .001) and CSS (78.1% vs. 82.3%; 2P < .001) were significantly higher in the post-cytokine era. In multivariate analysis, the 3 strongest predictors for improved survival were localized disease (hazard ratio [HR], 18.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 16.6-19.6), nephrectomy (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 2.68-3.08), and clear cell histologic type (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.22-1.44). CONCLUSIONS In this analysis of a large RCC registry, there was an apparent increase in crude OS and CSS in the post-cytokine era compared with the cytokine era. Insufficient follow-up time in the post-cytokine era and a higher proportion of localized disease in that era confound the possibility of benefit derived from targeted therapies. Longer follow-up for patients treated in the post-cytokine era is necessary for a more robust comparison of long-term OS.
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Rashid H, Abdel-Moniem A, Email S, El-Batran M, Rashid H, Mansour H, Mahmoud S, Ashour Z, Mustafa S, Khodeer SA, Abdu-Allah AM, Al-Assal M, Rashid HK, Ghosh Dastidar A, Garg P, West J, Muthusamy R, Gunn J, Zhu F, Lee A, Chee YE, Li ZJ, Kang CS, Chen ZY, Zhang YX, Zhao ZX, Song Q, Rong Y, Bao W, Shan ZL, Rong S, Wang D, Yao P, Liu LG, Zhu LX, Ho SC, Ruan GQ, Xie Q, Sit JWH, Yang YL, Chan MCH, Hu M, Chan TYK, Tomlinson B, Wu HS, Wang LS, Qin J, Wong TT, Heng PA, Yu CM, Luis SA, Luis CR, Habibian M, Courtney A, Hamilton-Craig C, Strugnell W, Poon K, Slaughter R, Raffel OC, Raffel OC, Luis SA, Hansen M, Slaughter R, Hamilton-Craig C, Liang Y, Bai Y, Chen T, Feng GX, Yang YM, Wang XY, Yang YJ, Zhu J, Al-Mohammadi M, Hersi A, Alhabib KF, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Sulaiman K, Alfaleh H, Alsaif S, Almahmeed W, Asaad N, Amin H, Al-Motarreb A, Al-Suwaid J, Blanco JRF, Velasco AB, Mancera J, Francisco A, CA, Zhuravlyova L, Lopina N, Song HH, Xu SH, Huang MZ, Xu CS, Xie LD, Ko B, Cameron J, Seneviratne S, Leung M, Antonis P, Koutsoubos J, Malaiapan Y, Meredith I, Capros N, Istrati V, Matcovschi S, Dumitras T, Istrati S, Nicolenco I, Hotineanu R, Manea D, Gherman O, Hsiung MC, Ko CH, Wei J, Tung TH, Graham CA, Chan JWM, Rotherary KR, Rainer TH, Yan B, Liu M, Huang XR, Li RJ, Lam YY, Yu CM. P033 * Evaluation of myocardial function in patients with chronic stable angina and apparent normal ventricular function (tissue doppler study before and after PCI). Eur Heart J Suppl 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/sur025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Liu Y, Pan L, Zhang ZN, Shi ZH, Wang Y, Jing ZC, Lee WY, Chan MC, Cheun TK, So KH, Yu CM, Lee WY, Pang TY, Kong WY, Chan KH, Kwok LM, Chan SW, Ko SSW, Tam CWY, Fok BSP, Hu M, Yin OQP, Chow MSS, Tomlinson B, Guo ZR, Wu M, Zhang LJ, Luo WS, Liu JC, Ding Y, Zhu QR, Chen Q, Chan SSW, Ahmad I, Graham CA, Rainer TH, Berdina ON, Madaeva IM, Dolgikh VV, Xie MX, Li YM, Gao X, Wang GY, Wang AL, Xu T, Tong WJ, Zhang YH, Pogodina AV, Dolgikh VV, Moretzkaya IS, Nawaz SK, Xu JB, Zhang YL, Liu Y, Huang G, Zhang TJ, Huang XB, Ou YLY, Chan SSW, Tse MM, Chan CPY, Graham CA, Rainer TH, Wong MCS, Yan B, Tam WWS, Wang HHX, Liu KSD, Liu KQ, Cheung CSK, Tong ELH, Sek ACH, John GK, Cheung NT, Yu CM, Leeder S, Griffiths S, Wang HHX, Wong MCS, Yan B, Tang JL, Wang JJ, Yu CM, Griffiths S, Wong MCS, Yan B, Tam WWS, Wang HHX, Liu KSD, Liu KQ, Cheung CSK, Tong ELH, Sek ACH, Cheung NT, Yu CM, Leeder S, Griffiths S, Shin SH, Woo SI, Kim DH, Park KS, Kwan J, Liu KQL, Wong MCS, Wang HHX, Liu KSD, Yan B, Yu CM, Griffiths S, Borumand H, Cheang IN, Law TC, Choi SKV, Chung LH, Chan SLD, Li YC, Choy PS, Hung YKS, Cheung YHK, Chan LH, Chan KHK. P077 * Evaluation of two-dimensional strain echocardiography in quantifying right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J Suppl 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/sur028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tam LS, Li EK, Shang Q, Tomlinson B, Lee VW, Lee KK, Li M, Kuan WP, Li TK, Tseung L, Yip GWK, Freedman B, Yu CM. Effects of rosuvastatin on subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 40:411-21. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.586649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hu M, Mak V, Poon E, Tomlinson B. 110 ASSOCIATIONS OF APOE POLYMORPHISMS WITH BASELINE LIPIDS AND RESPONSE TO ROSUVASTATIN VARY IN CHINESE PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tomlinson B, Dalal JJ, Huang J, Low LP, Park CG, Rahman AR, Reyes EB, Soenarta AA, Heagerty A, Follath F. The role of β-blockers in the management of hypertension: an Asian perspective. Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27:1021-33. [PMID: 21410302 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2011.562884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Following publication of the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) Guidelines in 2006, the use of β-blockers as first-line therapy in hypertension has been somewhat controversial. However, a recent reappraisal of the European Society of Hypertension guidelines highlights that these agents exhibit similar BP lowering efficacy to other classes of agents, prompting a re-examination of the utility of these agents in various patient populations. The authors felt that it is important to address this controversy and provide an Asian perspective on the place of β-blockers in current clinical practice and the benefits of β-blockade in selected patient populations. In addition to their use as a potential first-line therapy in uncomplicated hypertension, β-blockers have a particular role in patients with hypertension and comorbidities such as heart failure or coronary artery disease, including those who had a myocardial infarction. One advantage which β-blockers offer is the additional protective effects in patients with prior cardiovascular events. Some of the disadvantages attributed to β-blockers appear more related to the older drugs in this class and further appraisal of the efficacy and safety profile of newer β-blockers will lend support to the current guideline recommendations in Asian countries and encourage increased appropriate use of β-blockade in current clinical practice within Asia.
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Yang Y, Hu M, Chan S, Fok B, Chu T, Lee V, Tomlinson B. P062 Flecainide Pharmacokinetics are Influenced by CYP3A5 and ABCB1 Polymorphisms. Int J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(11)70088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tomlinson B. Raising high-density lipoprotein: for better or worse? BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010; 96:1339-40. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.202788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hu M, Mak VWL, Tomlinson B. Simvastatin-induced myopathy, the role of interaction with diltiazem and genetic predisposition. J Clin Pharm Ther 2010; 36:419-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kwok T, Ohlsson C, Vandenput L, Tang N, Zhang YF, Tomlinson B, Leung PC. ACE inhibitor use was associated with lower serum dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations in older men. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:1122-5. [PMID: 20403346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity may influence the production of adrenal androgen precursors and testosterone. Use of ACE inhibitors may therefore have an influence on serum sex hormone concentrations in older men. DESIGN AND METHODS 1486 out of 2,000 community-dwelling Chinese men aged 65years who participated in a cohort study were randomly selected to have archived fasting morning serum analyzed for androgen precursors and sex hormones. DNA was extracted from whole blood and analyzed for ACE gene I/D polymorphism. RESULTS Subjects with the ACE gene D allele (higher ACE activity) had higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulphate and DHEA than those with I/I genotype (P=0.014 and 0.018 respectively, Mann Whitney test). These differences were not significant after Bonferroni correction. Among those with history of hypertension, but without diabetes mellitus or cardiac failure, users of ACE inhibitors had significantly lower serum DHEA (median 1.78 versus 1.49ng/ml in non-users, P=0.0074, Mann Whitney test) and also tended to have lower serum androstenedione and androst-5-ene-3beta,17beta-diol (0.68 versus 0.72ng/ml in non-users; 552.4 versus 624.1pg/ml respectively, both P values <0.05). Serum testosterone and estradiol were not significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS ACE inhibitor use was associated with lower serum DHEA in older men.
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Tomlinson B, Hu M, Lee VWY, Lui SSH, Chu TTW, Poon EWM, Ko GTC, Baum L, Tam LS, Li EK. ABCG2 polymorphism is associated with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to rosuvastatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010; 87:558-62. [PMID: 20130569 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2009.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette G2 (ABCG2) c.421C>A (rs2231142) polymorphism influences the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin. We examined whether this polymorphism influences the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering efficacy of the drug. In 305 Chinese patients with hypercholesterolemia who were treated with rosuvastatin at a dosage of 10 mg daily, the c.421A variant was found to be significantly associated with greater reduction in LDL-C level, in a gene-dose-dependent manner. As compared with subjects with the c.421CC genotype, those with the c.421AA genotype showed a 6.9% greater reduction in LDL-C level, which would be equivalent to the effect obtained by doubling the dose of rosuvastatin.
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Haines C, James A, Sahota D, Chen ZY, Panesar N, Tomlinson B, Chow L, Benzie I, Husband A. Comparison between phytoestrogens and estradiol in the preventionof atheroma in ovariectomized cholesterol-fed rabbits. Climacteric 2009; 9:430-6. [PMID: 17085375 DOI: 10.1080/13697130600863266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is increasing interest in the role of complementary and alternative medicines for the treatment of menopause-related problems. This study compared the preventive effect on atheroma formation of a commercially available mixed phytoestrogen concentrate with that of estradiol. METHODS An ovariectomized cholesterol-fed rabbit model of atheroma formation was used. Rabbits were ovariectomized before the commencement of the 12-week treatment period. There were two control groups. Control Group 1 received isoflavone-free rabbit chow whilst Control Group 2 received 1% cholesterol-enriched isoflavone-free rabbit chow. Rabbits in Group 3 received 1% cholesterol-enriched isoflavone-free rabbit chow plus a 500 mg tablet containing a concentrated extract of Trifolium pretense (red clover). Rabbits in Group 4 received 1% cholesterol-enriched isoflavone-free rabbit chow plus a 0.5 mg tablet of oral estradiol. Atheroma formation was measured by, first, calculation of the area of atheroma on the intimal surface, and, second, measuring the cholesterol content in the aorta. RESULTS There were no significant differences in serum cholesterol between the cholesterol-fed control Group 2 and the treatment Groups 3 and 4. However, there was significantly less staining for atheroma and significantly less cholesterol accumulation in the aorta in Group 4 (estradiol-treated) rabbits compared with either control Group 2 or Group 3 (phytoestrogen-treated) rabbits. CONCLUSION In this study, only estradiol was shown to have a significant protective effect against atheroma formation.
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Hu M, Mak V, Chu T, Waye M, Tomlinson B. Pharmacogenetics of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Optimizing the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2174/187569209787582349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ma SW, Benzie IFF, Chu TTW, Fok BSP, Tomlinson B, Critchley LAH. Effect of Panax ginseng supplementation on biomarkers of glucose tolerance, antioxidant status and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic subjects: results of a placebo-controlled human intervention trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:1125-7. [PMID: 18355331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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