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Ren F, Cao KY, Gong RZ, Yu ML, Tao P, Xiao Y, Jiang ZH. The role of post-transcriptional modification on a new tRNA Ile(GAU) identified from Ganoderma lucidum in its fragments' cytotoxicity on cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:885-895. [PMID: 36603719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma) is a famous Chinese herbal medicine which has been used clinically for thousands of years in China. Despite numerous studies on triterpenes and polysaccharides, the bioactivity of RNAs abundant in Ganoderma remains unknown. Here, based on LC-MS techniques, dihydrouracil, 5-methyluridine (m5U) and pseudouridine were identified at position 19, 52 and 53 of a new tRNAIle(GAU) which was isolated as the most abundant tRNA species in Ganoderma, and is the first purified tRNA from fungus. Cytotoxic screening of tRNA-half (t-half) and tRNA fragment (tRF) derived from this tRNA, as well as their mimics (t-half or tRF as antisense strand), demonstrated that the double-stranded form, i.e., tRF and t-halve mimics, exhibited stronger cytotoxicity than their single-stranded form, and the cytotoxicity of t-half mimic is significantly stronger than that of tRF mimic. Notably, the cytotoxicity of 3'-t-half mimic is not only much more potent than that of taxol, but also is much more potent than that of ganoderic acids, the major bioactive components in Ganoderma. Furthermore, 3'-t-half mimic_M2 (m5U modified) exhibited significantly stronger cytotoxicity than unmodified 3'-t-half mimic, which is consistent with the computational simulation showing that m5U modification enhances the stability of the tertiary structure of 3'-t-half mimic. Overall, the present study not only indicates t-halves are bioactive components in Ganoderma which should not be neglected, but also reveals an important role of post-transcriptional modification on tRNA in its fragments' cytotoxicity against cancer cells, which benefits the design and development of RNAi drugs from natural resource.
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Chen SS, Ren F, Liu M. [Research progress of single-cell sequencing technology in liver diseases]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:198-201. [PMID: 37137838 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20210326-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease is one of the most burdensome diseases in the world. Therefore, new technologies are needed to study its pathogenesis in depth; however, because of its complex pathogenesis, there are relatively limited treatment options. Single-cell sequencing (SCS), as an emerging sequencing method, reflects the heterogeneity between cells by sequencing the genome, transcriptome, and epigenome of a single cell, thereby revealing the complex mechanisms of disease occurrence and development. The application of SCS in the study of liver diseases will enrich our understanding of the pathogenesis of liver diseases and provide a new direction for exploring the diagnosis and treatment. This article mainly reviews the research progress of SCS technology in liver diseases.
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Le D, Ren F, Li Y. The Effect of Energy Use Rights Trading Policy on Environmental Performance: Evidence from Chinese 262 Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3570. [PMID: 36834270 PMCID: PMC9967093 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study provides empirical evidence and policy inspiration for China to implement the energy use rights trading policy. Using 262 cities in China from 2005 to 2019 as samples, we employed the double difference method and mediation analysis to empirically measure the impact of energy use rights trading policy on environmental performance. First, energy use rights trading policy can improve urban environmental performance. This conclusion is valid as per the endogeneity test, parallel trend test, PSM-DID test, placebo test, and triple difference method. Second, heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of the energy use rights trading policy on urban environmental performance will be different by the size of population. Energy use rights trading policy has the greatest effect on the environmental performance of resource-based cities. Meanwhile, compared to non-industrial base, the effect of the energy use rights trading policy on environmental performance is more pronounced in cities with older industrial base. Third, the mechanism test using the mediation effect model proved that the impact of energy use rights trading policy on environmental performance is achieved by improving the level of marketization and technological innovation.
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Guo Z, Yang L, Kang Y, Wang Z, Ren F, Sun X, Yang H, Zhang Z. Clinical evaluations of alveolar ridge preservation in compromised extraction sockets with cortical-lamina anchoring technique: Case series study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023; 25:46-56. [PMID: 36222202 PMCID: PMC10092589 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in the compromised extraction sockets using autogenous cortical-lamina anchoring technique (CAT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty patients were treated with ARP in the compromised extraction sockets by applying CAT. Then implant placement and crown delivery was performed. A planned follow-up was performed by analyzing various outcome measures to evaluate the clinical outcomes, including primary outcome measures [radiographic assessment of residual alveolar ridge height (RARH) and residual alveolar ridge width (RARW)] and secondary outcome measures [clinical assessment of the healing of the soft and hard tissue, survival rates of implants, marginal bone loss (MBL) evaluation of implants, buccal bone thickness (BBT), and esthetic treatment outcomes]. RESULTS Among the 20 patients, 17 were consecutively treated and 3 dropped out after implant crown delivery because of loss to follow-up. After the ARP, the initial RARH (12.37 mm) significantly increased to 19.29 mm (P < .05). No significant difference was detected in the RARW before (7.92 ± 1.18 mm) and after (7.92 ± 1.18 mm) the ARP, but reduce to 6.99 ± 1.18 mm at the implant placement and 6.64 ± 0.77 mm at the 3-year follow-up (P < .05). The MBL at the implant crown delivery (0.13 ± 0.12 mm) significantly increased to 0.31 ± 0.14 mm at 1-year follow-up and 0.56 ± 0.23 mm at 3-year follow-up, respectively. The bone loss was limited (<1 mm) but statistically significant (P < .05). The BBT at the implant placement (2.53 ± 0.56 mm) significantly reduced to 2.23 ± 0.44 mm at implant crown delivery and 2.14 ± 0.40 mm at 3-year follow-up, respectively. The bone loss was also limited (<0.5 mm) but statistically significant (P < .05). Each implant site showed acceptable aesthetic outcome and the average score was 16.4. The incisions healed uneventful in all patients and the implant survival rate was 100% during the 3-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Autogenous CAT was successfully applied to preserve the height and width of alveolar ridge in the compromised extraction sockets.
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Zhou N, Ren F, Shi G, Wang J. Understanding the Relationship Between Peer Support and Grief/Growth in Chinese Shidu Parents: The Roles of Internalized Stigma and Stigma Resistance. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231154844. [PMID: 36718655 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231154844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In China, families who have lost their only child are called shidu families. Support from similar others, or peer support, can help bereaved individuals adapt by reducing negative consequences and promoting positive changes. However, no research has examined the mechanism that mediates the effect of peer support on postloss adaptation. This article investigates the mediating roles of internalized stigma and stigma resistance in the relationship between peer support and grief/growth among Chinese shidu parents. In total, 208 shidu parents completed the required measurements. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that peer support was negatively related to grief symptoms and positively linked with posttraumatic growth by reducing internalized stigma. The mediating effect existed only for informational support. The mediating role of stigma resistance was not significant. These findings provide valuable information for the mechanism of peer support and promote the development of interventions.
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Teng Y, Ren F, Wang Y, Xu H, Song H. Circ_0033596 depletion ameliorates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell damage. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2023:CH221686. [PMID: 36683505 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous data have shown that circ_0033596 is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). The study aims to reveal the detailed mechanism of circ_0033596 in AS. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish an AS cell model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were implemented to detect the expression of circ_0033596, miR-637, growth factor receptor bound protein2 (GRB2), BCL2-associated x protein (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and tube formation were investigated by cell counting kit-8, EdU assay, flow cytometry and tube formation assay, respectively. The production of interleukin (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative stress was evaluated by lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde assay kit and superoxide dismutase activity assay kit. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay and RIP assay were performed to identify the associations among circ_0033596, miR-637 and GRB2. RESULTS The expression of circ_0033596 and GRB2 was significantly increased, while miR-637 was decreased in the blood of AS patients and ox-LDL-induced HUVECs compared with controls. Ox-LDL treatment inhibited HUVEC viability, proliferation and angiogenic ability and induced cell apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, while these effects were attenuated after circ_0033596 knockdown. Circ_0033596 interacted with miR-637 and regulated ox-LDL-induced HUVEC damage by targeting miR-637. In addition, GRB2, a target gene of miR-637, participated in ox-LDL-induced HUVEC injury by combining with miR-637. Importantly, circ_0033596 activated GRB2 by interacting with miR-637. CONCLUSION Circ_0033596 depletion protected against ox-LDL-induced HUVEC injury by miR-637/GRB2 pathway, providing a therapeutic target for AS.
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Li YX, Ren F, Chen Y. [Research progress of the regulatory role of autophagy in metabolic liver diseases]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:105-108. [PMID: 36948858 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201106-00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is one of several hepatic metabolic processes in which starved cells are supplied with glucose, free fatty acids, and amino acids to produce energy and synthesize new macromolecules. Moreover, it regulates the quantity and quality of mitochondria and other organelles. As the liver is a vital metabolic organ, specific forms of autophagy are necessary for maintaining liver homeostasis. Protein, fat, and sugar are the three primary nutrients that can be altered by different metabolic liver diseases. Drugs that have an effect on autophagy can either promote or inhibit autophagy, and as a result, it can either increase or inhibit the three major nutritional metabolisms that are affected by liver disease. Thus, this opens up a novel therapeutic option for liver disease.
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Feng K, Zhao S, Shang Q, Liu J, Yang C, Ren F, Wang X, Wang X. An overview of the correlation between IPI and prognosis in primary breast lymphoma. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:245-260. [PMID: 36777506 PMCID: PMC9906079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary breast lymphoma (PBL), with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as the most histopathological type, is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is an important clinical characteristic for risk stratification of PBL patients with different prognoses. However, the prognostic value of the IPI in PBL is controversial and needs to be refined. In this review, we described the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and treatment of PBL, with emphasis on the prognostic value of the IPI, its updated versions and IPIs for certain subtypes. A total of 9 types of IPIs were presented. In addition, the key issues with the various treatment modalities available were addressed, as well as the role of rituximab in therapy. We also summarized the current evidence and future challenges facing other types of prognostic indices. In particular, prospective clinical studies of treatment are rare, and the available data were mainly obtained from retrospective case series that included a small number of patients. Therefore, our conclusions and recommendations cannot serve as formal guidelines. However, this review attempts to provide an unbiased analysis of published data to provide clinicians with useful assistance in the treatment of this uncommon form of extranodal lymphoma.
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Che Y, Ren F, Zhang X, Cui L, Wu H, Zhao Z. Immunohistochemical HER2 Recognition and Analysis of Breast Cancer Based on Deep Learning. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020263. [PMID: 36673073 PMCID: PMC9858188 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in women. It seriously endangers women's life and health. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein is responsible for the division and growth of healthy breast cells. The overexpression of the HER2 protein is generally evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The IHC evaluation criteria mainly includes three indexes: staining intensity, circumferential membrane staining pattern, and proportion of positive cells. Manually scoring HER2 IHC images is an error-prone, variable, and time-consuming work. To solve these problems, this study proposes an automated predictive method for scoring whole-slide images (WSI) of HER2 slides based on a deep learning network. A total of 95 HER2 pathological slides from September 2021 to December 2021 were included. The average patch level precision and f1 score were 95.77% and 83.09%, respectively. The overall accuracy of automated scoring for slide-level classification was 97.9%. The proposed method showed excellent specificity for all IHC 0 and 3+ slides and most 1+ and 2+ slides. The evaluation effect of the integrated method is better than the effect of using the staining result only.
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Yang H, Li A, Dang L, Kang T, Ren F, Ma J, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Lei J, Zhang T. A rapid, accurate, and low-cost method for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its drug-resistant genes in pulmonary tuberculosis: Applications of MassARRAY DNA mass spectrometry. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1093745. [PMID: 36910195 PMCID: PMC9996023 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1093745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) identification and drug resistance diagnosis are very important for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Therefore, high throughput, accurate and low-cost molecular detection techniques are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical application value of MassARRAY in tuberculosis diagnosis and drug resistance screening. Methods The limit of detection (LOD) and clinical application value of MassARRAY were evaluated using reference strains and clinical isolates. MTB in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sputum samples were detected using MassARRAY, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and MGIT960 liquid culture (culture). Using culture as the standard, the efficacy of MassARRAY and qPCR for the detection of TB was analyzed. Mutation of drug resistance genes in MTB clinical isolates was tested using MassARRAY, high-resolution melting curve (HRM), and Sanger sequencing. Using sequencing as the standard, the efficacy of MassARRAY, and HRM for the detection of each drug resistance site of MTB was analyzed. Simultaneously, the mutation of drug resistance genes by the MassARRAY method was compared with the results of drug susceptibility testing (DST), and the genotype-phenotype relationship was analyzed. The ability of MassARRAY to discriminate mixed infections was detected using mixtures of standard strains (M. tuberculosis H37Rv) and drug-resistant clinical isolates and mixtures of wild-type and mutant plasmids. Results In MassARRAY, 20 related gene mutations could be detected by two PCR systems. All genes could be accurately detected when the bacterial load was 104 CFU/mL. When the load of wild-type and drug-resistant MTB mixture was 105 CFU/mL (respectively reached 104 CFU/mL), variants and wild-type genes could be detected simultaneously. The sensitivity of MassARRAY (96.9%) for identification was higher than that of qPCR (87.5%) (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of MassARRAY for all drug resistance gene mutations were 100.0%, with higher accuracy and consistency than HRM (sensitivity = 89.3% and specificity = 96.9%, p = 0.001). Analyzing the relationship between MassARRAY genotype and DST phenotype, the accuracy of katG_315, rpoB_531, rpsL_43, rpsL_88, and rrs_513 sites was 100.0%, and embB_306 and rpoB_526 were inconsistent with the DST results when the base changes were different. Discussion MassARRAY can obtain base mutation information and identify heteroresistance infections simultaneously when the mutant proportion was at least 5-25%. It has good application prospects in the diagnosis of DR-TB with high throughput, accurate and low-cost.
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Shen S, Sun Y, Ren F, Blair JMA, Siasat P, Fan S, Hu J, He J. Characteristics of antimicrobial peptide OaBac5mini and its bactericidal mechanism against Escherichia coli. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1123054. [PMID: 36908510 PMCID: PMC9995905 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in defending against the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, the proline-rich antibacterial peptides (PrAMPs) have been attracting close attention due to their simple structure, strong antibacterial activity, and low cell toxicity. OaBac5mini is an active fragment of the sheep-derived OaBac5 belonging to the PrAMPs family. Methods In this study, the antibacterial activity of OaBac5mini was investigated by testing the MICs against different stains of E. coli and S. aureus as well as the time-kill curve. The bactericidal mechanism was explored by determining the effect of OaBac5mini on the cell membrane. The stability and biosafety were also evaluated. Results The susceptibility test demonstrated that OaBac5mini showed potent antibacterial activity against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates. It is noticeable that the absence of inner membrane protein SbmA in E. coli ATCC 25922 caused the MIC of OaBac5mini to increase 4-fold, implying OaBac5mini can enter into the cytoplasm via SbmA and plays its antibacterial activity. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of OaBac5mini against E. coli ATCC 25922 was not remarkably affected by the serum salts except for CaCl2 at a physiological concentration, pH, temperature, repeated freeze-thawing and proteases (trypsin < 20 μg/mL, pepsin or proteinase K). Time-kill curve analysis showed OaBac5mini at the concentration of 200 μg/mL (8 × MICs) could effectively kill E. coli ATCC 25922 after co-incubation for 12 h. In addition, OaBac5mini was not hemolytic against rabbit red blood cells and also was not cytotoxic to porcine small intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Bioinformatic analysis indicated that OaBac5mini is a linear peptide with 8 net positive charges. Furthermore, OaBac5mini significantly increased the outer membrane permeability and impaired the inner membrane integrity and ultrastructure of E. coli ATCC25922. Conclusion OaBac5mini is a stable and potent PrAMP that kills E. coli by two different modes of action - inhibiting intracellular target(s) and damaging cell membrane.
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Fan ZH, Ren F. [The role of circulating tumor DNA in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2022; 30:1382-1386. [PMID: 36891725 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200419-00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignant tumors. However, the detection of biomarkers can't meet the clinical needs for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC now. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a highly tumor-specific DNA molecule that exists in the blood circulation. It is part of Circulating cell free DNA (cfDNA) and originates from the primary tumor or metastasis of cancer patients. Now, with the developing of next-generation sequencing technology and a full understanding of HCC genetics or epigenetic changes, we can analyze ctDNA mutations and methylation more comprehensively. Through continuous exploration of ctDNA mutations and methylation and continuous innovation of detection methods, HCC diagnosis and prognosis can be greatly improved in terms of specificity and sensitivity.
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Le D, Li Y, Ren F. Does air quality improvement promote enterprise productivity increase? Based on the spatial spillover effect of 242 cities in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1050971. [PMID: 36504993 PMCID: PMC9732380 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1050971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Air pollution not only harms people's health, but also impedes urban economic development. This study aims to analyze how air quality improvement affects enterprise productivity. And then from regional and time heterogeneities' aspects to investigate if the air quality improvement increase enterprise productivity. Methods The data were obtained from China Industrial Enterprise Database and China Patent Database,and this study used Spatial Durbin Model to analyze how air quality improvement affects enterprise productivity. Results The results show that: (1) air quality improvement and its spatial spillover effect can significantly increase enterprise productivity in adjacent areas. (2) After 2010, the government implemented more stringent measures to prevent and control air pollution, which made the air quality improvement promote enterprise productivity increase more obviously. The air quality improvement in eastern and central regions was less obvious than in western regions. (3) Air quality improvement can increase enterprise productivity by improving enterprise innovation quality, ensuring the health of urban residents, and increasing the stock of urban human capital. Conclusion Air quality improvement and its spatial spillover effect can significantly increase enterprise productivity in adjacent areas. So this study puts forward some policy enlightenment, such as establishing an air pollution detection system, using an intelligent network supervision platform, and implementing a coordinated defense and governance system.
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Fan ZH, Xu L, Tian Y, Cao YL, Zhang XY, Duan ZP, Ren F. [The study of a key molecule Caspase-1 of inflammasome in hepatitis B virus-related diseases]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2022; 30:1158-1162. [PMID: 36891691 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20210512-00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression and role of asparte-specific cysteine protease (Caspase)-1, inflammasomes key molecule, in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases. Methods: HBV-related liver disease patients' serum (438 cases) and liver tissue (82 cases) samples were collected from Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University. The mRNA expression level of caspase-1 in liver tissue was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein expression level of Caspase-1 in liver tissue was detected by the immunofluorescence method. The activity of Caspase-1 was detected using the Caspase-1 colorimetric assay kit. The level of Caspase-1 in the serum was detected by an ELISA kit. Results: The results of qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA level of Caspase-1 was downregulated in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while up-regulated in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) (P<0.01) compared with normal subjects. Immunofluorescence assays showed that Caspase-1 protein levels were elevated in ACLF patients, decreased in HCC and LC patients, and slightly elevated in CHB patients. The activity of Caspase-1 was slightly higher in liver tissue from CHB, LC, and HCC patients than in the normal control group, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Additionally, compared with the control group, Caspase-1 activity was significantly reduced in the ACLF group (P<0.01). Serum Caspase-1 levels were significantly lower in patients with CHB, ACLF, LC, and HCC than in normal subjects, and serum Caspase-1 levels were lowest in patients with ACLF (P<0.001). Conclusion: Caspase-1, a key molecule of inflammasomes, plays an important role in HBV-related diseases and has significant differences, showing distinct features for ACLF than other HBV-related diseases.
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Feng K, Zhao S, Shang Q, Qiao G, Liu J, Yang C, Wei Y, Li Y, Ren F, Xuan L, Wang X, Wang X. The prognostic value of IPI in patients with primary breast lymphoma, a multicenter retrospective study. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:357. [PMID: 36376836 PMCID: PMC9664603 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the rarity of PBL and the lack of large-scale studies, the prognostic value of IPI in PBL was controversial. Especially in the rituximab era, the ability of IPI to stratify prognosis in patients receiving immunochemotherapy was severely reduced. Then revised IPI (R-IPI) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network IPI (NCCN-IPI) were introduced. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of IPI and the other IPIs in patients with PBL in a Chinese population. Methods We performed a multicenter retrospective study of 71 patients with PBL from 3 institutions in China. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank tests were used for the survival analysis. Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the prognostic significance of IPI scores, R-IPI scores, and NCCN-IPI scores. Results The median follow-up was 4.7 years (0.7–21.8 years). The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 90.2% and 96.3%. In the multivariate analysis, only IPI scores and radiotherapy were significantly associated with OS and PFS (P < 0.05). Applying the R-IPI in our patient cohort indicates a significant difference in PFS between the two groups of R-IPI (P = 0.034) but not for OS (P = 0.072). And the NCCN-IPI was prognostic for OS (P = 0.025) but not for PFS (P = 0.066). Subgroup analyses of IPI showed that survival analysis of IPI scores for the PFS and OS of patients using rituximab were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusions Our study confirms the prognostic value of IPI in patients with PBL, but the predictive value of IPI proved to be relatively low with the addition of the rituximab. The R-IPI and NCCN-IPI can accurately assess the high and low-risk groups of PBL patients but were insufficient to evaluate the intermediate risk group. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02772-y.
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Ren F, Huang Z, Tan B, Zhao Z, Yu X, Dong P, Yu J, Meng X. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation (PCI) vs. Active Surveillance in Patients with Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective, Multicenter study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ren F, Zhu Y, Le D. The Spatial Effect of Air Pollution Governance on Labor Productivity: Evidence from 262 Chinese Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13694. [PMID: 36294270 PMCID: PMC9603511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
According to epidemiological studies, air pollution can increase the rate of medical visits and morbidity. Empirical studies have also shown that air pollutants are toxic to animals. Using data from 262 Chinese cities for the period 2005 to 2018, this study systematically investigated the spatial spillover effect and transmission mechanism of air pollution governance on urban labor productivity. In this study, we also explored the changing trend of labor productivity in China from a dynamic perspective. Additionally, we selected the air flow coefficient and environmental regulations as two instrumental variables of air pollution governance to effectively alleviate endogenous problems existing in the model. The results show that air pollution governance plays a significant role in promoting the improvement of labor productivity. The effect of air pollution governance on labor productivity in eastern cities is better than that in central and western cities, and its effect in developed cities is better than that in undeveloped cities. With the increased intensity of air pollution governance, its effect on labor productivity is also strengthened. Urban innovation capacity and residents' health are important channels for air pollution governance in the promotion of labor productivity. Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations, such as implementing a joint prevention and governance mechanism, as well as improving air pollution prevention and government regulations.
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Tang GN, Ren F, Zhou J. Does the digital economy promote “innovation and entrepreneurship” in rural tourism in China? Front Psychol 2022; 13:979027. [PMID: 36312131 PMCID: PMC9600327 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.979027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on the impact of the “Digital Economy” on rural entrepreneurship. Unlike previous literature, the perspective of this paper focuses on a specific industry—tourism—and identifies a new mediating mechanism by which the “Digital Economy” affects rural tourism entrepreneurship—the promotion of innovation. The paper further clarifies the fact that the “Rural Digital Economy Index,” which is a dimension of the Digital Economy Indicator System, is the key to the mechanism of action. Theoretically, first, through a literature review, this paper provides a rationale for the “Digital Economy” to promote innovation behavior by reducing the cost of innovation. Second, using a product matching model, this paper argues that a rural tourism market characterized by innovation can stimulate more entrepreneurship. Empirically, using a sample of 150 counties in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, this paper argues that the higher the digitalization index of a county’s rural economy, the more national model villages and towns this county has (all of which include product innovation in the selection criteria) and more tourism entrepreneurial activities. Econometric methods such as endogeneity, spatial econometric regression, and sensitivity analysis proved the findings robust. Our recommendation is that the Chinese government could focus on improving the innovation environment for rural residents in the future, so that entrepreneurial activities will be spontaneously stimulated by market mechanisms.
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Ren F, Huang Z, Tan B, Zhao Z, Yu X, Dong P, Yu J, Meng X. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) versus active surveillance in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer: a retrospective, multicentre study. Respir Res 2022; 23:274. [PMID: 36184624 PMCID: PMC9526908 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The recommendation of PCI for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) is primarily based on evidence from the pre-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) era. However, as MRI accuracy improves and stereotactic radiosurgery advances, the role of PCI for LS-SCLC has become uncertain. This study aims to compare the contemporary survival outcomes of patients with LS-SCLC treated with PCI versus active surveillance. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in which 1068 patients with LS-SCLC who achieved a good response to first-line chemoradiotherapy were consecutively enrolled from 5 tertiary medical centres between June 2009 and June 2019. Of these patients, 440 received PCI, while 628 received surveillance without PCI. Propensity score matching with a 1:1 ratio was performed to balance the baseline characteristics of the two cohorts. The endpoints were overall survival (OS) and the incidence of brain metastasis (BM). Results In total, 648 patients were matched. The baseline characteristics were generally well balanced. At a median follow-up of 64.5 months (range 2–190), patients who underwent PCI had a significantly lower risk for BM than those who underwent surveillance. The 3-year cumulative incidence rate of BM was 28.2% (95% CI 22.5–33.8%) in the PCI cohort and 38.5% (32.6–44.5%) in the surveillance cohort (Gray’s p = 0.002). However, the lower incidence of BM in the PCI cohort did not translate into a significant extension of OS. The median OS was 35.8 months (95% CI 27.6–44.0 months) in the PCI cohort versus 32 months (26.4–37.6 months) in the surveillance cohort (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.74–1.10, p = 0.29). Multivariable analysis showed that disease stage, chemoradiotherapy sequence, and response to chemoradiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for BM or OS. Conclusions Overall, PCI reduces the risk for BM but does not substantially prolong OS compared with active surveillance. A phase 3, prospective clinical trial (NCT04829708) we initiated is currently underway, which is expected to corroborate our results.
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Zhou S, Ren F, Meng X. Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in EGFR mutation-positive patients with NSCLC and brain metastases who have failed EGFR-TKI therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:955944. [PMID: 36238280 PMCID: PMC9552846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few treatment options are available for brain metastases (BMs) in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that progress with prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in these patients. Methods NSCLC patients with confirmed sensitive EGFR mutations and BMs were retrospectively reviewed. All patients experienced failure of EGFR-TKI therapy and were divided into two cohorts based on subsequent treatment. Cohort 1 included patients who received ICI therapy, while cohort 2 included patients treated with chemotherapy. Overall and intracranial objective response rates (ORRs) were used to evaluate the treatment response. Overall and intacranial progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by Kaplan−Meier analysis and compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. Results A total of 53 patients treated with ICI therapy and 40 patients treated with chemotherapy were included in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. In cohort 1, the overall ORR was 20.8%, with a median overall PFS of 4.2 months. The median intracranial PFS was 5.1 months. Of the 38 patients with measurable intracranial lesions, the intracranial ORR was 21.0%. Patients who received ICI combined with chemotherapy had the highest intracranial ORR of 37.5%. Compared to patients treated with chemotherapy in cohort 2, patients receiving ICI combined with chemotherapy had both longer intracranial PFS (6.4 vs. 5.1 months, p = 0.110) and overall PFS (6.2 vs. 4.6 months, p = 0.054), and these differences approached statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses demonstrated that high disease burden (p = 0.019), prior third-generation EGFR-TKI therapy (p = 0.019), and a poor lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) (p = 0.012) were independent negative predicators of overall PFS and that multiple BMs were negatively correlated with intracranial PFS among patients treated with ICI therapy. Conclusions Our results suggested that ICI combined with chemotherapy had potent intracranial efficacy and may be a promising treatment candidate in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with BMs for whom prior EGFR-TKI therapy failed.
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Chen J, Liu Y, Xu K, Ren F, Li B, Sun H. Establishment and validation of a clinicopathological prognosis model of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:999012. [PMID: 36226064 PMCID: PMC9549976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.999012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs) are a rare, highly malignant subset of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). However, how to predict the prognosis of GEP-NECs by clinical features is still under study. This study aims to establish and validate a nomogram model of overall survival (OS) in patients with GEP-NECs for predicting their prognosis. Methods We selected patients diagnosed with GEP-NECs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and two Chinese hospitals. After randomization, we divided the data in the SEER database into the train cohort and the test cohort at a ratio of 7:3 and used the Chinese cohort as the validation cohort. The Cox univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to incorporate statistically significant variables into the nomogram model. We then established a nomogram and validated it by concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the curve (AUC), and the decision curve analysis (DCA) curve. Results We calculated the nomogram C-index as 0.797 with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.783–0.815 in the train cohort, 0.816 (95% CI: 0.794–0.833) in the test cohort and 0.801 (95% CI: 0.784–0.827) in the validation cohort. Then, we plotted the calibration curves and ROC curves, and AUCs were obtained to verify the specificity and sensitivity of the model, with 1-, 3- and 5-year AUCs of 0.776, 0.768, and 0.770, respectively, in the train cohort; 0.794, 0.808, and 0.799 in the test cohort; 0.922, 0.925, and 0.947 in the validation cohort. The calibration curve and DCA curves also indicated that this nomogram model had good clinical benefits. Conclusions We established the OS nomogram model of GEP-NEC patients, including variables of age, race, sex, tumor site, tumor grade, and TNM stage. This model has good fitting, high sensitivity and specificity, and good clinical benefits.
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Jiang P, Li R, Tian X, Liu Y, Zhang D, Ren F, Liu M, Tan B. Effect of milling on proximate composition, γ‐oryzanol, vitamin
B
1
, polyphenolic and bioaccessibility of phenolic of brown rice. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mei R, Wu M, Ren F. Knockdown of circ_0002194 protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced cell damage via the regulation of the miR-637/PACS2 axis in human vascular endothelial cells. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 35:6661350. [PMID: 35951762 PMCID: PMC9479890 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Atherosclerosis is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. The functional roles of circular (circ) RNAs have been discovered in atherosclerosis. Our goal was to explore the regulation and mechanism of circ_0002194 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced human vascular endothelial cells.
METHODS
Circ_0002194, microRNA-637 (miR-637) and phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS2) levels were determined through the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and angiogenetic ability was analysed via the tube formation assay. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. Western blot was performed to examine protein expression. Oxidative stress was assessed using commercial kits. The RNA immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted for target analysis.
RESULTS
Treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced the upregulation of circ_0002194 in endothelial cells. Cell viability and angiogenesis were promoted while cell apoptosis and oxidative stress were reduced by the downregulation of circ_0002194 in the cell model. Furthermore, miR-637 was identified as an miRNA target of circ_0002194, and the regulatory role of circ_0002194 was associated with the sponge effect on miR-637. Moreover, circ_0002194 could regulate PACS2 by affecting miR-637. Additionally, miR-637 suppressed endothelial cell damage by partly mediating the expression of PACS2.
CONCLUSIONS
The results demonstrated that circ_0002194 facilitated endothelial cell dysfunction in atherosclerosis partly through upregulating PACS2 by targeting miR-637.
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Ren F, Wang Y, Gao Y, Meng X. Pseudo-progression with osimertinib after definitive chemoradiation in unresectable epidermal growth factor receptor mutation positive of stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971192. [PMID: 36110968 PMCID: PMC9468776 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) have been widely used in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The phenomenon of pseudoprogression in targeted therapy in EGFR-mutation NSCLC patients is rare. Here, we reported an EGFR-mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma patient who was admitted to a hospital for cough and chest distress accompanied by shortness of breath. He underwent four cycles of chemotherapy with pemetrexed combined with carboplatin and concurrent radiotherapy in the third and fourth cycles. Then, he was treated by osimertinib maintenance therapy. After 11.5 months of osimertinib treatment, he was assessed to progressive disease by computed tomography. He underwent fiber bronchoscopy, and the biopsy pathology showed extensive necrosis without tumor cells. Until now, the patient has continued on osimertinib for 7 months without relapse or metastasis. As far as we know, we are the first to report pseudoprogression in osimertinib maintenance after definitive chemoradiation. This study reminds the clinicians to distinguish pseudoprogression from osimertinib-induced progression and avoid abandoning effective treatments.
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Wang Y, Zhu W, Ren F, Zhao N, Xu S, Sun P. Transcriptional Memory in Taraxacum mongolicum in Response to Long-Term Different Grazing Intensities. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172251. [PMID: 36079633 PMCID: PMC9460496 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Grazing, as an important land use method in grassland, has a significant impact on the morphological and physiological traits of plants. However, little is known about how the molecular mechanism of plant responds to different grazing intensities. Here, we investigated the response of Taraxacum mongolicum to light grazing and heavy grazing intensities in comparison with a non-grazing control. Using de novo transcriptome assembly, T. mongolicum leaves were compared for the expression of the different genes under different grazing intensities in natural grassland. In total, 194,253 transcripts were de novo assembled and comprised in nine leaf tissues. Among them, 11,134 and 9058 genes were differentially expressed in light grazing and heavy grazing grassland separately, with 5867 genes that were identified as co-expression genes in two grazing treatments. The Nr, SwissProt, String, GO, KEGG, and COG analyses by BLASTx searches were performed to determine and further understand the biological functions of those differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analysis of the expression patterns of 10 DEGs by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed the accuracy of the RNA-Seq results. Based on a comparative transcriptome analysis, the most significant transcriptomic changes that were observed under grazing intensity were related to plant hormone and signal transduction pathways, carbohydrate and secondary metabolism, and photosynthesis. In addition, heavy grazing resulted in a stronger transcriptomic response compared with light grazing through increasing the of the secondary metabolism- and photosynthesis-related genes. These changes in key pathways and related genes suggest that they may synergistically respond to grazing to increase the resilience and stress tolerance of T. mongolicum. Our findings provide important clues for improving grassland use and protection and understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant response to grazing.
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