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Ke SY, Yang J, Qiu F, Wang ZQ, Wang C, Yang Y. Secondary growth mechanism of SiGe islands deposited on a mixed-phase microcrystalline Si by ion beam co-sputtering. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:445602. [PMID: 26457572 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/44/445602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the SiGe island co-sputtering deposition on a microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) buffer layer and the secondary island growth based on this pre-SiGe island layer. The growth phenomenon of SiGe islands on crystalline silicon (c-Si) is also investigated for comparison. The pre-SiGe layer grown on μc-Si exhibits a mixed-phase structure, including SiGe islands and amorphous SiGe (a-SiGe) alloy, while the layer deposited on c-Si shows a single-phase island structure. The preferential growth and Ostwald ripening growth are shown to be the secondary growth mechanism of SiGe islands on μc-Si and c-Si, respectively. This difference may result from the effect of amorphous phase Si (AP-Si) in μc-Si on the island growth. In addition, the Si-Ge intermixing behavior of the secondary-grown islands on μc-Si is interpreted by constructing the model of lateral atomic migration, while this behavior on c-Si is ascribed to traditional uphill atomic diffusion. It is found that the aspect ratios of the preferential-grown super islands are higher than those of the Ostwald-ripening ones. The lower lateral growth rate of super islands due to the lower surface energy of AP-Si on the μc-Si buffer layer for the non-wetting of Ge at 700 °C and the stronger Si-Ge intermixing effect at 730 °C may be responsible for this aspect ratio difference.
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Qu D, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zhao J, Qiu F, Huang J. Psychotropic drugs for the management of cancer-related fatigue: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015; 25:970-979. [PMID: 26490083 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom affecting 60-90% of cancer survivors, and effective management for CRF is not yet available. Recently, an increasing number of trials examining the use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of CRF have been performed, but these trials have yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis aimed at assessing the effect and safety of psychotropic drugs for the management of CRF. Ten eligible trials of the psychotropic drugs methylphenidate and modafinil in a total of 1582 participants treated for CRF were subjected to statistical analyses. A meta-analysis of seven of these studies indicated that methylphenidate was superior to placebo for the treatment of CRF. Another meta-analysis of three studies evaluating modafinil found that this drug was no better than placebo. Adverse events were similar between both methylphenidate and modafinil and the placebo groups. Our meta-analysis indicated that the treatment of CRF with methylphenidate appears to be effective, whereas modafinil provides no benefit. These results of this analysis warrant further trials to confirm the efficacy and safety of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of CRF.
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Xiong Y, Murphy M, Manavalan TT, Pattabiraman G, Qiu F, Chang HH, Ho IC, Medvedev AE. Endotoxin Tolerance Inhibits Lyn and c-Src Phosphorylation and Association with Toll-Like Receptor 4 but Increases Expression and Activity of Protein Phosphatases. J Innate Immun 2015; 8:171-84. [PMID: 26457672 DOI: 10.1159/000440838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance protects the host by limiting excessive 'cytokine storm' during sepsis, but compromises the ability to counteract infections in septic shock survivors. It reprograms Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 responses by attenuating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines without suppressing anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators, but the mechanisms of reprogramming remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the induction of endotoxin tolerance in human monocytes, THP-1 and MonoMac-6 cells inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated phosphorylation of Lyn, c-Src and their recruitment to TLR4, but increased total protein phosphatase (PP) activity and the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B, PP2A, PTP nonreceptor type (PTPN) 22 and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (MKP)-1. Chemical PP inhibitors, okadaic acid, dephostatin and cantharidic acid markedly decreased or completely abolished LPS tolerance, indicating the importance of phosphatases in endotoxin tolerization. Overexpression of PTPN22 decreased LPS-mediated nuclear factor (NF)-x03BA;B activation, p38 phosphorylation and CXCL8 gene expression, while PTPN22 ablation upregulated LPS-induced p65 NF-x03BA;B and p38 phosphorylation and the expression of TNF-α and pro-IL-1β mRNA, indicating PTPN22 as an inhibitor of TLR4 signaling. Thus, LPS tolerance interferes with TLR4 signaling by inhibiting Lyn and c-Src phosphorylation and their recruitment to TLR4, while increasing the phosphatase activity and expression of PP2A, PTPN22, PTP1B and MKP1.
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Liu J, Qiao W, Qi X, Zhao H, Zheng K, Qian H, Yao S, Yao S, Duan F, Qiu F, Xia D, Y Y, Sun C. Comparison of the features of MRI of tumefactive demyelinating lesions and glioma. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wu P, Qiu F, Huang J. 2022 Innate gdT cells are the predominant IL-17-producing cells in human colorectal cancer that correlate immunosuppression with tumor-elicited inflammation. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jiang ZH, Dong XW, Shen YC, Qian HL, Yan M, Yu ZH, He HB, Lu CD, Qiu F. DNA damage regulates ARID1A stability via SCF ubiquitin ligase in gastric cancer cells. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 19:3194-3200. [PMID: 26400522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The gene product of the AT-rich interactive domain 1A (SWI-like) gene (ARID1A) is a member of the SWI/SNF adenosine triphosphate-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes, which plays an essential role in controlling gene expression and is also involved in cancer development. ARID1A is frequently mutated in a wild variety of cancers and function as a tumor suppressor in several kinds of cancers. ARID1A was down-regulated in gastric cancer, and associated poor patient prognosis. However, how ARID1A protein is regulated in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we show that ARID1A protein is rapidly ubiquitinated and degradated in gastric cancer cells in response to DNA damage treatment. RESULTS Using genetic and pharmacologic Cullin inactivation coupled with in vitro ubiquitination assay, we demonstrate that ARID1A is a substrate of the Cullin-SKP1-F-box protein (SCF) complexes. Moreover, gastric cancer cells with forced expression of ARID1A showed an increased sensitivity to DNA damage reagents. Thus, our data uncovered a previous unknown posttranscriptional regulation of ARID1A by SCF E3 ligase in gastric cancer cells in DNA damage response. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest ARID1A might be a promising drug target in gastric cancer treatment.
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Murphy MB, Xiong Y, Pattabiraman G, Manavalan TT, Qiu F, Medvedev AE. Pellino-3 promotes endotoxin tolerance and acts as a negative regulator of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:963-74. [PMID: 26310831 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2vma0515-229rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of endotoxin tolerance in macrophages during sepsis reprograms Toll-like receptor 4 signaling to inhibit proinflammatory cytokines without suppressing anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators and protects the host from excessive inflammation and tissue damage. However, endotoxin tolerance renders septic patients immunocompromised and unable to control secondary infections. Although previous studies have revealed the importance of several negative regulators of Toll-like receptor signaling in endotoxin tolerance, the role of Pellino proteins has not been addressed. The present report shows that the induction of endotoxin tolerance in vivo in mice and in vitro in human monocytes and THP-1 and MonoMac-6 macrophages increases the expression of Pellino-3. Overexpression of Pellino-3 in human embryonic kidney 293/Toll-like receptor 2 or 293/Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor-2 cells inhibited Toll-like receptor 2/4-mediated activation of nuclear factor-κB and induction of CXCL-8 mRNA, and Pellino-3 ablation increased these responses. Pellino-3-deficient THP-1 cells had elevated Toll-like receptor 2/4-driven tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 mRNA, and Toll-like receptor 4-driven CCL5 gene expression in response to Toll-like receptor agonists and heat-killed Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, cytokines controlled by the MyD88 and Toll-interleukin-1R domain-containing protein inducing interferon-β-mediated pathways, respectively. In addition, deficiency in Pellino-3 slightly increased phagocytosis of heat-killed bacteria. Transfected Pellino-3 inhibited nuclear factor-κB activation driven by overexpression of MyD88, TIR domain-containing adapter inducing interferon-β, interleukin-1R-associated kinase-1, and tumor necrosis factor receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB-binding kinase-1, TGF-β-activated kinase 1, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6, and inhibited interleukin-1R-associated kinase 1 modifications and tumor necrosis factor receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB-binding kinase 1 phosphorylation. Finally, Pellino-3 ablation in THP-1 decreased the extent of endotoxin tolerization. Thus, Pellino-3 is involved in endotoxin tolerance and functions as a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 2/4 signaling.
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Murphy M, Xiong Y, Pattabiraman G, Qiu F, Medvedev AE. Pellino-1 Positively Regulates Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 Signaling and Is Suppressed upon Induction of Endotoxin Tolerance. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19218-32. [PMID: 26082489 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.640128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance reprograms Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-mediated macrophage responses by attenuating induction of proinflammatory cytokines while retaining expression of anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators. We previously demonstrated deficient TLR4-induced activation of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) 4, IRAK1, and TANK-binding kinase (TBK) 1 as critical hallmarks of endotoxin tolerance, but mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-1 in endotoxin tolerance and TLR signaling. LPS stimulation increased Pellino-1 mRNA and protein expression in macrophages from mice injected with saline and in medium-pretreated human monocytes, THP-1, and MonoMac-6 cells, whereas endotoxin tolerization abrogated LPS inducibility of Pellino-1. Overexpression of Pellino-1 in 293/TLR2 and 293/TLR4/MD2 cells enhanced TLR2- and TLR4-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and expression of IL-8 mRNA, whereas Pellino-1 knockdown reduced these responses. Pellino-1 ablation in THP-1 cells impaired induction of myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88), and Toll-IL-1R domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β (TRIF)-dependent cytokine genes in response to TLR4 and TLR2 agonists and heat-killed Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas only weakly affecting phagocytosis of heat-killed bacteria. Co-expressed Pellino-1 potentiated NF-κB activation driven by transfected MyD88, TRIF, IRAK1, TBK1, TGF-β-activated kinase (TAK) 1, and TNFR-associated factor 6, whereas not affecting p65-induced responses. Mechanistically, Pellino-1 increased LPS-driven K63-linked polyubiquitination of IRAK1, TBK1, TAK1, and phosphorylation of TBK1 and IFN regulatory factor 3. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which endotoxin tolerance re-programs TLR4 signaling via suppression of Pellino-1, a positive regulator of MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling that promotes K63-linked polyubiquitination of IRAK1, TBK1, and TAK1.
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Wang C, Ke SY, Yang J, Hu WD, Qiu F, Wang RF, Yang Y. Electronic properties of single Ge/Si quantum dot grown by ion beam sputtering deposition. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:105201. [PMID: 25698828 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/10/105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of the electronic properties of a single Ge/Si quantum dot (QD) grown by the ion-beam sputtering deposition technique on growth temperature and QD diameter is investigated by conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM). The Si-Ge intermixing effect is demonstrated to be important for the current distribution of single QDs. The current staircase induced by the Coulomb blockade effect is observed at higher growth temperatures (>700 °C) due to the formation of an additional barrier between dislocated QDs and Si substrate for the resonant tunneling of holes. According to the proposed single-hole-tunneling model, the fact that the intermixing effect is observed to increase as the incoherent QD size decreases may explain the increase in the starting voltage of the current staircase and the decrease in the current step width.
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Abuzeid W, Bennell M, Qiu F, Kassam S, Overgaard C, Fam N, Wijeysundera H. CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF EARLY REPATRIATION FOR PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A PROPENSITY-MATCHED ANALYSIS. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Dhar K, Moulton A, Rome E, Qiu F, Eudy J, Raichlin E, Um J, Moulton M, Lowes B. Targeted Myocardial Gene Expression Profiling By RNA Sequencing. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Qiu F, He J, Zhou Y, Bai X, Wu G, Wang X, Liu Z, Chen Y, Ma JX, Liu Z. Plasma and vitreous fluid levels of Dickkopf-1 in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Eye (Lond) 2014; 28:402-9. [PMID: 24406409 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is a secreted inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays a pathogenic role in diabetic retinopathy (DR). We aimed to investigate whether DKK-1 levels in the plasma and the vitreous are associated with DR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS Case-control study: plasma samples were collected from 125 type 2 DM including 81 DR (29 non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and 52 proliferative DR (PDR)), 44 non-DR patients (NDR), and 100 non-diabetic controls. Undiluted vitreous fluid samples were obtained from 30 PDR and 25 non-diabetic patients. DKK-1 concentrations in samples were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Variables were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and χ(2)-test, when appropriate. RESULTS Plasma DKK-1 levels were significantly lower in DR patients (median: 465.77 pg/ml, range: 137.11-1190.31) than in non-diabetic controls (656.83 pg/ml, 171.63-1795.08; P<0.001) and NDR patients (693.04 pg/ml, 305.43-1218.35; P<0.001). Furthermore, DKK-1 levels were lower in PDR patients (425.21 pg/ml, 137.10-1077.32) compared with NPDR patients (594.86 pg/ml, 256.36-1393.27; P=0.003). Vitreous absolute DKK-1 levels in PDR patients (259.04 pg/ml, 104.44-596.96) were higher than in non-diabetic controls (138.26 pg/ml, 18.69-239.52; P<0.001). After normalizing by total vitreous protein concentrations, however, there was no significant difference between the groups. DKK-1 levels in vitreous were lower than those in plasma in both groups (P<0.001 for controls; P=0.002 for PDR patients). CONCLUSIONS Decreased plasma DKK-1 levels, which may contribute to the Wnt pathway activation, are associated with the presence and progression of DR, and have potential to become a biomarker for DR.
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Florescu DF, Qiu F, Schmidt CM, Kalil AC. A Direct and Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Cytomegalovirus Preventive Strategies in Solid Organ Transplant. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58:785-803. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Florescu DF, Kalil AC, Qiu F, Schmidt CM, Sandkovsky U. What is the impact of hypogammaglobulinemia on the rate of infections and survival in solid organ transplantation? A meta-analysis. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:2601-10. [PMID: 23919557 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypogammaglobulinemia has been described after solid organ transplantation and has been associated with increased risk of infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of severe hypogammaglobulinemia and its relationship with the risk of infections during the first year posttransplantation. Eighteen studies (1756 patients) that evaluated hypogammaglobulinemia and posttransplant infections were included. The data were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. Q statistic method was used to assess statistical heterogeneity. Within the first year posttransplantation, the rate of hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG < 700 mg/dL) was 45% (95% CI: 0.34-0.55; Q = 330.1, p < 0.0001), the rate of mild hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG = 400-700 mg/dL) was 39% (95% CI: 0.22-0.56; Q = 210.09, p < 0.0001) and the rate of severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG < 400 mg/dL) was 15% (95% CI: 0.08-0.22; Q = 50.15, p < 0.0001). The rate of hypogammaglobulinemia by allograft type: heart 49% (21%-78%; Q = 131.16, p < 0.0001); kidney 40% (30%-49%; Q = 24.55, p = 0.0002); liver 16% (0.001%-35%; Q = 14.31, p = 0.0002) and lung 63% (53%-74%; Q = 6.85, p = 0.08). The odds of respiratory infection (OR = 4.83; 95% CI: 1.66-14.05; p = 0.004; I(2) = 0%), CMV (OR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.16-4.96; p = 0.02; I(2) = 26.66%), Aspergillus (OR = 8.19; 95% CI: 2.38-28.21; p = 0.0009; I(2) = 17.02%) and other fungal infections (OR = 3.69; 95% CI: 1.11-12.33; p = 0.03; I(2) = 0%) for patients with IgG < 400 mg/dL were higher than the odds for patients with IgG > 400 mg/dL. The odds for 1-year all-cause mortality for severe hypogammaglobulinemia group was 21.91 times higher than those for IgG > 400 mg/dL group (95% CI: 2.49-192.55; p = 0.005; I(2) = 0%). Severe hypogammaglobulinemia during the first year posttransplantation significantly increased the risk of CMV, fungal and respiratory infections, and was associated with higher 1-year all-cause mortality.
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Cheng M, Yang L, Yang R, Yang X, Deng J, Yu B, Huang D, Zhang S, Wang H, Qiu F, Zhou Y, Lu J. A microRNA-135a/b binding polymorphism in CD133 confers decreased risk and favorable prognosis of lung cancer in Chinese by reducing CD133 expression. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2292-2299. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Qiu F, Song L, Yang N, Li X. Glucocorticoid downregulates expression of IL-12 family cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2013; 22:1011-6. [PMID: 23884985 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313498799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate expression of interleukin 12 (IL-12) family cytokines IL-12, IL-23, IL-27 and IL-35 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and the effect of glucocorticoid (GC) treatment on their expression. METHODS Plasma concentration of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, IL-6 and anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies in 30 newly diagnosed severe SLE patients and 30 matched healthy subjects was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation between the levels of IL-12 family cytokines and the levels of IL-6 or anti-dsDNA antibodies was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of plasma IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibodies were observed in SLE patients compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05), and after prednisone treatment, the serum levels of IL-12 family cytokines decreased significantly. Moreover, serum levels of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27 and IL-35 were correlated with serum levels of IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibodies in pre-treatment as well as post-treatment SLE patients. CONCLUSIONS SLE patients have increased plasma levels of IL-12 family cytokines and GCs can downregulate the expression of them in SLE patients. Therefore, members of the IL-12 family may be involved in the pathophysiological process of SLE.
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Huang YK, Fan XG, Qiu F, Wang ZM. Combined detection of mRNA expression of Alpha-fetoprotein in peripheral blood and telomerase activity of monocytes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 60:1-5. [PMID: 22773301 DOI: 10.5754/hge12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in the peripheral blood is not only important for the diagnosis of FICC, but is also of critical importance for early detection of hematogenous metastasis of HCC. The purpose of this study was to measure Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA in the peripheral blood and telomerase activity in peripheral blood monocytes to determine their utility, in isolation and concert, in the early diagnosis of HCC. METHODOLOGY Nested RT-PCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression of AFP in the peripheral blood, and PCR-ELISA was used to measure the telomerase activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with HCC, benign hepatic tumors, chronic liver diseases and healthy subjects. RESULTS Of the 30 HCC patients, 22 (73.3%) were positive for AFP, and 28/30 (93.3%) HCC patients were positive for telomerase activity. The mRNA expression of AFP was positively correlated with telomerase activity in HCC patients (r=0.6742, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Detection of both mRNA expression of AFP in the peripheral blood and telomerase activity in PBMCs may prove to play an important role in achieving an early diagnosis of HCC.
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Huang YK, Zheng Z, Qiu F. Polyinosinic-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant on natural killer- and dendritic cell-mediated antitumor activities. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:1615-23. [PMID: 23430582 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that treatment with E7(44-62) and the adjuvant polyinosinic-cytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) in a rodent model generates antitumor immune responses, but the effect of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C) on natural killer (NK)- and dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antitumor activities is still unclear. Our goal was to examine the antitumor effects of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C). We examined the ability of E7(44-62) with poly(I:C) to induce toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) expression, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA expression, and tumor cell-killing activity in human NK cells as well as its ability to induce CD11c and CD86 expression and proliferation in human DCs. We found that E7(44-62) with poly(I:C) treatment markedly increased TLR3 expression and cytotoxicity against HeLa cells in human NK92 cells. Moreover, treatment with E7(44-62) and poly(I:C) markedly up-regulated IFN-γ and TNF-α mRNA expression in NK92 cells. Human patients with cervical cancer exhibited a marked decrease in the frequency of DCs; however, ex vivo treatment with E7(44-62) and poly(I:C) restored DC frequency. Stimulation of human DCs in patients with E7(44-62) and poly(I:C) led to high levels of CD11c and CD86 expression. Our data reveal the involvement of E7(44-62) combined with poly(I:C) in potentiating antitumor cytotoxicity and cytokine-producing activities in human NK92 cells and DCs.
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Huang YK, Zheng Z, Cheng CX, Wang LY, Li YR, Qiu F. The antitumor effect of the toll-like receptor 3 ligand polyinosinic-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:237-44. [PMID: 22868899 PMCID: PMC11028857 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) has been applied in tumor immunity as a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand, the interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3 is still unclear, as are the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of poly(I:C). Our aim was to investigate the interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3, as well as the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of poly(I:C). NK92 cells were maintained in medium (untreated group), or medium containing E7(44-62) (E7 group) or E7(44-62)+poly(I:C) (poly(I:C)/E7 group), and we measured the expression of TLR3 mRNA, p-p65, and IκB-α protein. The cells were first incubated in medium alone or medium containing TLR3 monoclonal antibody, and then in medium containing poly(I:C)/E7. Finally, we measured the level of interferon-beta (INF-β) in the supernatant and determined the tumor cell-killing effect of the NK92 cells. At 1 h, the expression of TLR3 mRNA in the poly(I:C)/E7 group was markedly higher than that in the untreated and E7 groups (P < 0.05). When compared with the poly(I:C)/E7 group, the expression of IκB-α was dramatically increased in the E7 and untreated groups, and the expression of p-p65 was dramatically decreased in the E7 and untreated groups (all P < 0.05). At 24 h, INF-β content and tumor cell-killing activity in the poly(I:C)/E7 group were markedly higher than those in the untreated group (P < 0.001, <0.05, respectively). Treatment with TLR3 monoclonal antibody significantly inhibited poly(I:C)/E7-induced INF-β secretion and tumor cell-killing activity in NK92 cells (P < 0.001, <0.05, respectively). The interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3 plays an important role in the antitumor immunity of NK92 cells. In addition, the interaction between poly(I:C) and TLR3 increases INF-β expression, which may be attributed to the activation of NFκB.
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Han Z, Qiu F, Eisenberg R, Holland PL, Krauss TD. Robust Photogeneration of H2 in Water Using Semiconductor Nanocrystals and a Nickel Catalyst. Science 2012; 338:1321-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1227775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Chen X, Su YQ, Wang J, Liu M, Niu SF, Zhong SP, Qiu F. Isolation and identification of the immune-relevant ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10/QM-like gene) from the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea (Pisces: Sciaenidae). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:3755-65. [PMID: 23096695 DOI: 10.4238/2012.october.15.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the immune role of ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10/QM-like gene) in marine fish, we challenged the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena (= Larimichthys) crocea, the most important marine fish culture species in China, by injection with a mixture of the bacteria Vibrio harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus (3:1 in volume). Microarray analysis and real-time PCR were performed 24 and 48 h post-challenge to isolate and identify the QM-like gene from the gill P. crocea (designated PcQM). The expression level of the PcQM gene did not changed significantly at 24 h post-challenge, but was significantly downregulated at 48 h post-challenge, suggesting that the gene had an immune-modulatory effect in P. crocea. Full-length PcQM cDNA and genomic sequences were obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR. The sequence of the PcQM gene clustered together with those of other QM-like genes from other aquatic organisms, indicating that the QM-like gene is highly conserved in teleosts.
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Feng D, Qiu F, Tong Z, Xie C. Oral Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Different Genistein Tablets in Beagle Dogs. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:335-40. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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73
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Mathis RK, Lin J, Dogal NM, Qiu F, Kunselman A, Wang S, Ündar A. Evaluation of four pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuits in terms of perfusion quality and capturing gaseous microemboli. Perfusion 2012; 27:470-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659112453078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study compared four pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits with four different hollow-fiber membrane oxygenators and their specific reservoirs, Capiox RX15, Quadrox-i pediatric, Quadrox-i pediatric with integrated arterial filter (IAF) and KIDS D101, in a simulated CPB circuit identical to that used in the clinical setting at our institution to test their ability to maintain hemodynamic properties, remove gaseous microemboli (GME), and to test the amount of blood “stolen” by the arterial filter purge line. The circuit was first primed with Ringer’s Lactate solution, then red blood cells were added and the hematocrit was maintained at 30%. A 5-cc bolus of air was injected just proximal to the venous reservoir over a thirty-second interval and GME were monitored using an Emboli Detection and Classification quantifier. Transducers were placed at pre-oxygenator, post-oxygenator and distal arterial line (post-filter) positions. Flow probes were also placed both pre and post filter. The injections were made at three flow rates, hypothermic and normothermic temperatures, and with the purge line in both the opened and closed positions. Six injections were done at each of the 12 experimental conditions. Results demonstrated that GME in the arterial line increased with increasing temperature and flow rate. The Capiox RX15 had the least GME in the arterial line at all experimental conditions. The KIDS D101 had the largest pressure drop and the lowest retention of hemodynamic energy, while the Capiox had the lowest pressure drop. All of the oxygenators had a similar amount of “stolen” blood flow and it was consistently under 10% of the total flow reaching the patient.
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Florescu DF, Langnas AN, Grant W, Mercer DF, Botha J, Qiu F, Shafer L, Kalil AC. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with cytomegalovirus disease in small bowel transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2012; 16:294-301. [PMID: 22212495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2011.01628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite improved prophylaxis, monitoring, and more efficient immunosuppression, CMV infection remains a common opportunistic infection in transplant recipients. We assessed the incidence of CMV disease in pediatric SBT recipients, the timing of CMV disease after transplantation, and its impact on patient outcome. The medical records of 98 SBT recipients were reviewed. We performed descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves to determine the time-to-event after transplantation. Fifty-three percent patients were male and 47% female, with a mean age of 38.3 months. Thirty-five percent of patients received prophylactic VGC, 55% GCV, 10% a combination of GCV/VGC, and 99% CMV immunoglobulins. A total of 24.5% recipients were CMV D+/R- (CMV serostatus donor positive/recipient negative). Seven (c. 7%) patients developed CMV disease. CMV disease was associated with 2.5 times (0.52-12.1; p = 0.25) higher rate of CMV mismatch and 11.1 times (1.3-95.9; p = 0.03) higher risk of death. CMV prophylaxis increased time-to-death (p = 0.074). Time-to-CMV disease was shorter in patients with enteritis (p < 0.0001), and CMV disease was associated with shorter time-to-death after transplantation (p = 0.001). CMV disease in SBT recipients was associated with an 11-fold mortality increase and a fourfold faster time-to-death. Time-to-death was significantly shorter with CMV enteritis.
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Qiu F, Cole MH, Davids KW, Hennig EM, Silburn PA, Netscher H, Kerr GK. Enhanced somatosensory information decreases postural sway in older people. Gait Posture 2012; 35:630-5. [PMID: 22245163 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The somatosensory system plays an important role in balance control and age-related declines in somatosensory function have been implicated in falls incidence. Different types of insole devices have been developed to enhance somatosensory information and improve postural stability. However, they are often too complex and expensive to integrate into daily life and textured insole surfaces may provide an inexpensive and accessible means to enhance somatosensory input. This study investigated the effects of textured insole surfaces on postural sway in ten younger and seven older participants performing standing balance tests on a force plate under three insole surface conditions: (1) barefoot; (2) with hard; and (3), soft textured insole surfaces. With each insole surface, participants were tested under two vision conditions (eyes open, closed) on two standing surfaces (firm, foam). Four 30s trials were collected for different combinations of insole surface, standing surface and vision. Centre of pressure measurements included the range and standard deviation of anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement, path length and the 90% confidence elliptical area. Results revealed a significant Group*Surface*Insole interaction for five of the dependent variables. Compared to younger individuals, postural sway was greater in older people on both standing surfaces in the barefoot condition. However, both textured insole surfaces reduced postural sway for the older group especially in the eyes closed condition on a foam surface. These findings suggest that textured insole surfaces can reduce postural sway in older people, particularly during more challenging balance tasks. Textured insole surfaces may afford a low-cost means of decreasing postural sway, providing an important intervention in falls prevention.
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