1801
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Feize W, Meng L, Yanni L, Yuan L, Liqun J, Tong L, Guowang Y, Huijuan C, Donggui W, Zhiqiang C, Lei Z. A Randomized Controlled Study to Observe the Efficacy of External Treatment With a Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Ointment on Malignant Plural Effusion: Outcome Report and Design Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 16:473-478. [PMID: 27431570 PMCID: PMC5739134 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416660193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication in most malignancies. Despite its frequent occurrence, current knowledge of MPE remains limited and the effect of the management is still unsatisfying. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external treatment has unique advantages, such as quicker efficacy and fewer side effects. Objective. To observe the effects and safety of Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment (TCM herbal ointment) in MPE. Design. This was a placebo-controlled double-blinded randomized study. A total of 80 patients were enrolled, of which 72 were randomized to receive Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment or placebo at an allocation ratio of 1:1. Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment or placebo was applied on the thorax wall for 8 hours daily. The intervention lasted 2 weeks. Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment consisted of Astragalus membranaces (黄芪), Semen pharbitidis (牵牛子), Cassia twig (桂枝), Pericarpium arecae (大腹皮), Curcuma zedoary (莪术), Borneol (冰片), and other substances. In both groups, diuresis and drainages were used as needed. Outcomes covered the quantity of pleural effusion evaluation, TCM Symptom Scale, Karnofsky Performance Scale, and safety indicators such as routine blood test, blood biochemistry test, and response table of skin irritation. Results. Of 72 patients randomized to receive Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment or placebo along with symptomatic treatment, the response rate was documented as 42.4% for the treatment group and 25.0% for the placebo group (P = .138). As for the TCM symptom scale, the treatment group showed improvement in chest distress (P = .003), fullness and distention (P = .042), shortness of breath (P < .001), no statistical significance in palpitation (P = .237), and pain (P = .063), whereas the placebo group did not show statistical significance in any of the 5 symptoms. Major adverse events related to the treatment, mainly skin irritation, were distributed equally. Conclusions. Kang’ai Xiaoshui ointment showed a potential of reducing MPE, and it could alleviate symptoms of dyspnea. Thus, it may be appropriate as a supplementary intervention for MPE. There were some flaws in the study design. A larger scale and better designed trial is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Feize
- 1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Meng
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lou Yanni
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yuan
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liqun
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tong
- 3 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Guowang
- 4 Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Huijuan
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Donggui
- 2 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zheng Lei
- 1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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1802
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Yen HR, Lai WY, Muo CH, Sun MF. Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Nationwide, Retrospective, Taiwanese-Registry, Population-Based Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 16:147-155. [PMID: 27405933 PMCID: PMC5739125 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416659357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale surveys of complementary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use in pediatric cancer patients are lacking. The aim of our study was to investigate the use of TCM in pediatric cancer patients. METHODS We analyzed cancer patients younger than 18 years (n = 12 965) who were registered in the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 2001 and 2011. Patients were categorized into TCM or non-TCM users based on their use of TCM. RESULTS In Taiwan, 8086 (62.4%) children with cancer sought TCM treatment at some point. Children in older age groups, including school-aged children and adolescents, were more likely to use TCM. There was no significant difference in the distributions of gender and urbanization. The 3 most common diseases for which TCM users visited the clinic were neoplasm (33.2%), respiratory system disease (32.9%), and infectious disease (8.86%). The most commonly utilized TCM therapy was Chinese herbal remedies. Patients who had comorbid conditions such as allergic rhinitis, dyspepsia, disorders of menstruation, and disease of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue tended to visit TCM clinics. CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive TCM use is not low in Taiwanese children with cancer. Further studies to investigate the efficacy and safety of TCM in children with cancer are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Rong Yen
- 1 Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,2 School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lai
- 1 Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Muo
- 3 Health Data Management Office, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- 1 Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,2 School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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1803
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Xu J, Huang Y, Chen XX, Zheng SC, Chen P, Mo MH. The Mechanisms of Pharmacological Activities of Ophiocordyceps sinensis Fungi. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1572-1583. [PMID: 27373780 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, formerly known as Cordyceps sinensis, has long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of many illnesses. In recent years its usage has increased dramatically because of the improvement of people's living standard and the emphasis on health. Such demands have resulted in over-harvesting of this fungus in the wild. Fortunately, scientists have demonstrated that artificially cultured and fermented mycelial products of O. sinensis have similar pharmacological activities to wild O. sinensis. The availability of laboratory cultures will likely to further expand its usage for the treatment of various illnesses. In this review, we summarize recent results on the pharmacological activities of the components of O. sinensis and their putative mechanisms of actions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Chen
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shuai-Chao Zheng
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ming-He Mo
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
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1804
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Zheng C, Qiu M, Xu X, Ye H, Zhang Q, Li Y, Liu X, Chen J. Understanding the diverse functions of Huatan Tongluo Fang on rheumatoid arthritis from a pharmacological perspective. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:87-94. [PMID: 27347021 PMCID: PMC4906768 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Huatan Tongluo Fang (HTTLF) is a traditional herbal formula that can resolve phlegm and dredge collaterals. HTTLF has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of HTTLF on RA has not been clearly elucidated at the molecular level. In the present study, an integrated model of system pharmacology containing chemical space analysis, potential active compound prediction and compound-target-disease network was constructed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of HTTLF. The compounds from HTTLF dispersed well in the chemical space. Most of the compounds from HTTLF had similar chemical spaces to drug/drug-like compounds associated with RA, according to the MDL Drug Data Report. A total of 127 potentially active compounds and 17 targets of RA were identified. Among them, 50 compounds interacted with ≥2 targets, while 77 compounds interacted with only one target. In addition, 17 targets were associated with 82 diseases that belonged to 26 categories. These results indicate that HTTLF has diverse chemical spaces and polypharmacology with regards to the treatment of RA. In addition, HTTLF demonstrated therapeutic potential against diverse diseases other than RA, including osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis and brain cancer. This study provides a novel platform for understanding how HTTLF treats RA; this is beneficial for explaining the diverse functions of HTTLF with regards to RA, and may help develop novel compounds with desirable therapeutic targets to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsong Zheng
- Institute of Bone Disease, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Mingshan Qiu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Affiliated Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian 361009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Institute of Bone Disease, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhi Ye
- Institute of Bone Disease, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Affiliated Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian 361009, P.R. China
| | - Yihan Li
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Affiliated Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian 361009, P.R. China
| | - Xianxiang Liu
- Institute of Bone Disease, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jinchun Chen
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Affiliated Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian 361009, P.R. China
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1805
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Du XZ, Bao CL, Dong GR, Yang XM. Immediate effects of scalp acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation on hemiplegia following acute ischemic stroke: a hidden association study. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:758-64. [PMID: 27335559 PMCID: PMC4904466 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.182702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we performed acupuncture on 30 patients with hemiplegia due to acute ischemic stroke. All participants were pre-screened to ensure that they exhibited immediate responses to acupuncture. We used a twirling reinforcing acupuncture manipulation at the specific lines between the bilateral Baihui (GV20) and Taiyang (EX-HN5). We collected neurologic deficit score, simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment score, muscle strength of the proximal and distal hemiplegic limbs, ratio of the maximal H-reflex to the maximal M-wave (Hmax/Mmax), muscle tension at baseline and immediately after treatment, and the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine at baseline. We then conducted data mining using an association algorithm and an artificial neural network backpropagation algorithm. We found that the twirling reinforcing manipulation had no obvious therapeutic difference in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of “Deficiency and Excess”. The change in the muscle strength of the upper distal and lower proximal limbs was one of the main factors affecting the immediate change in Fugl-Meyer scores. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between the muscle tension change of the upper limb and Hmax/Mmax immediate change, and both positive and negative correlations existed between the muscle tension change of the lower limb and immediate Hmax/Mmax change. Additionally, when the difference value of muscle tension for the upper and lower limbs was > 0 or < 0, the difference value of Hmax/Mmax was correspondingly positive or negative, indicating the scalp acupuncture has a bidirectional effect on muscle tension in hemiplegic limbs. Therefore, acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation has distinct effects on acute ischemic stroke patients with different symptoms or stages of disease. Improved muscle tension in the upper and lower limbs, reflected by the variation in the Hmax/Mmax ratio, is crucial for recovery of motor function from hemiplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zheng Du
- School of Acupuncture and Manipulation, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chun-Ling Bao
- Department of Acupuncture, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Rong Dong
- Department of Acupuncture, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Ming Yang
- School of Acupuncture and Manipulation, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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1806
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Quan P, Zheng PY, You SF, Hua YQ, Song Y, Liu T, Wan CH, Lu JG. Clinical and psychometric validation of the quality of life assessment system for advanced gastric cancer based on traditional Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 22:581-8. [PMID: 27299458 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish questionnaire scaling and reliability and examine the clinical and psychometric validity of the quality of life assessment based on Traditional Chinese Medicine for advanced gastric cancer (QLASTCM-Ga). METHODS The QLASTCM-Ga was developed based on programmed decision procedures with multiple nominal and focus group discussions, in-depth interview, pretesting and quantitative statistical procedures. The questionnaire was administered to 240 patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer before and after treatment. Structured group methods were employed to establish a general and a specifific module respectively. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated with respect to validity, reliability and responsiveness. RESULTS The three identified scales of the QLASTCM-Ga and the total score demonstrated good psychometric properties. Test-retest reliability of the total scale and all domains ranged from 0.90 to 0.94, and internal consistency ranged from 0.86 to 0.93. Correlation and factor analysis demonstrated good construct validity. Signifificant difference in the subscales and the total score were found among groups differing in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome, supporting the clinical sensitivity of the QLASTCM-Ga. Statistically signifificant changes were found for each scale and the total score. Responsiveness was also good. CONCLUSIONS The QLASTCM-Ga demonstrates good psychometric and clinical validity to assess quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer undergoing traditional Chinese medicine therapy. This study is an important fifirst step for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Quan
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangzhou Province, 523808, China
| | - Pei-Yong Zheng
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sheng-Fu You
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Hua
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Song
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chong-Hua Wan
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangzhou Province, 523808, China.
| | - Jin-Gen Lu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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1807
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Teng L, Zu Q, Li G, Yu T, Job KM, Yang X, Di L, Sherwin CM, Enioutina EY. Herbal medicines: challenges in the modern world. Part 3. China and Japan. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2016; 9:1225-33. [PMID: 27232545 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2016.1195263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants, and formulations prepared from them, have been used in China and Japan for thousands of years. Nowadays, ancient formulations of Traditional Chinese and Kampo (Japanese) Medicines coexist with Western herbal medicines (HMs) and complement each other. HMs are used for the treatment of mild and chronic diseases, as an adjunct therapy, to improve wellbeing and delay aging, or as healthy (functional) foods. AREAS COVERED This article, a third part in a series of reviews, is focusing on history, use and regulation of the traditional and modern HMs in Japan and China. Materials available from legislative and governmental websites, PubMed and news media were used. Expert commentary: HMs are heavily regulated in both countries, often in a similar manner as conventional pharmaceutical drugs. The majority of herbal formulations are sold as over-the-counter medications supplied with leaflets describing indications and appropriate dosages for patients of different ages. Medical practitioners prescribe herbal formulations that are tailored to the needs of particular patients. Both countries had problems with adverse drug reactions and toxicity of single herbs and herbal formulations that have been investigated by authorities, and some drugs have been removed from the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Teng
- a Department of Drug Policy & Management, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Qiang Zu
- b School of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,c Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,d Nanjing Engineering Research Center for Industrialization Traditional Chinese Medicine Pellets , Nanjing , China
| | - Gangzhou Li
- e Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Tian Yu
- e Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Kathleen M Job
- e Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- f Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City , MI , USA
| | - Liuqing Di
- b School of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,c Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,d Nanjing Engineering Research Center for Industrialization Traditional Chinese Medicine Pellets , Nanjing , China
| | - Catherine Mt Sherwin
- e Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA.,g Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Elena Y Enioutina
- e Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the Department of Pediatrics , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA.,h Division of Microbiology and Immunology, the Department of Pathology , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
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1808
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Takayama S, Iwasaki K. Systematic review of traditional Chinese medicine for geriatrics. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:679-688. [PMID: 27273639 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Japan Geriatrics Society revised its criteria for the medical treatment and safety of the elderly in 2015. The Japan Geriatrics Society guidelines contain a chapter for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM; traditional medicines in East Asian countries, such as China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and Singapore), because it is widely used for elderly patients and is sometimes covered by national medical insurance in Japan. The updated guidelines should be improved based on a comprehensive, systematic review and evidence grading. TCM is rapidly expanding in the literature, and is under intensive investigation in clinical trials. The objective of the present trial was to review TCM systematically and reflect the results to update the TCM chapter of the Japan Geriatrics Society guidelines. Here, we introduce the results of the systemic review of TCM for geriatrics. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 679-688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takayama
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koh Iwasaki
- Center for the Traditional Chinese Medicine and Home Healthcare, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Iwanuma, Miyagi, Japan
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1809
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Abstract
In China, moxibustion is reported to be useful and has few side effects for chronic fatigue syndrome, but its mechanisms are largely unknown. More recently, the focus has been on the wealth of information supporting stress as a factor in chronic fatigue syndrome, and largely concerns dysregulation in the stress-related hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of moxibustion on behavioral symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome rats and examine possible mechanisms. Rats were subjected to a combination of chronic restraint stress and forced swimming to induce chronic fatigue syndrome. The acupoints Guanyuan (CV4) and Zusanli (ST36, bilateral) were simultaneously administered moxibustion. Untreated chronic fatigue syndrome rats and normal rats were used as controls. Results from the forced swimming test, open field test, tail suspension test, real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blot assay showed that moxibustion treatment decreased mRNA expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus, and adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels in plasma, and markedly increased progranulin mRNA and protein expression in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that moxibustion may relieve the behavioral symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome, at least in part, by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and upregulating hippocampal progranulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qi
- E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Le
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Cheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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1810
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Zhan C, Xiong A, Shen D, Yang L, Wang Z. Characterization of the Principal Constituents of Danning Tablets, a Chinese Formula Consisting of Seven Herbs, by an UPLC-DAD-MS/MS Approach. Molecules 2016; 21:E631. [PMID: 27187345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Danning Tablets are a traditional Chinese formula showing broad clinical applications in hepatobiliary diseases and containing a diversity of bioactive chemicals. However, the chemical profiling of the formula, which serves as the material foundation of its efficacy, is really a big challenge as Danning Tablets consist of seven herbs from different origins. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) approach was developed to characterize the principal polyphenol constituents in the formula. As a result, a total of 32 constituents, including 14 anthraquinones and their glucosides, four anthrones, two naphthalene glycosides, two stilbenes and 10 flavonoids were identified based on their retention time, UV absorption and MS/MS fragmentation patterns. The sources of these compounds were also illustrated. Most of the bioactive anthraquinone derivatives were found in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma or Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix, which are the Emperor drugs in the formula for its clinic usage. These findings indicate the merit of using this integrated UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS approach to rapidly illustrate the chemical foundation of complex formulas. The present study will facilitate the quality control of Danning Tablet formulas as well as the individual herbs.
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1811
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Lee JA, Jung J, Ko MM, Lee MS. Inter-observer reliability of indicators and decision of pattern identification using diagnostic flowchart with traditional Korean medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:338-344. [PMID: 27170350 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the consistency of patterns and pattern identification (PI), and the improvement in the diagnosis of blood stasis after the standard operating procedures (SOPs) were enhanced by using a diagnostic flflowchart. Methods A total of 358 subjects who were admitted by the Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine between June 2013 and December 2014 were included in the study. Each patient was independently diagnosed by two experts from the same department. In 2014, the SOPs included the use of a diagnostic flflowchart for each indicator. Inter-observer consistency was assessed by simple percent agreement and by the kappa and AC1 statistics. RESULTS The improvements in inter-observer agreement for the indicators (for all patients) and PI were greater in 2014 than in 2013. In 2013, the j-value measure of agreement between the two experts ranged from "poor" (κ=-0.051) to "good" (κ=0.968). The AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was generally high for the indicators and ranged from-0.010 to 0.978. In most cases, agreement was considerably lower when it was assessed by the j-values compared with the AC1 values. In 2014, the j-value measure of agreement on the indicators (for the subjects) generally ranged from poor to good, with the values ranging from-0.007 to 0.994. Moreover, the AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was generally high for all of the indicators and ranged from "moderate" (AC1=0.408) to "excellent" (AC1=0.996). CONCLUSIONS In four examinations, there was moderate agreement between the clinicians on the PI indicators of blood stasis. To improve clinician consistency (e.g., in the diagnostic criteria used), it is necessary to analyse the reasons for inconsistency and to improve clinician training. (Trial registration No. KCT0000916).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ah Lee
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Mi Ko
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea.
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1812
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Wang Y, Peng F, Xie G, Chen ZQ, Li HG, Tang T, Luo JK. Rhubarb attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption via increased zonula occludens-1 expression in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:250-256. [PMID: 27347045 PMCID: PMC4907008 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a key pathophysiological factor of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The level of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) has been closely associated with the degree of BBB damage, and is an indicator of BBB destruction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of rhubarb on BBB function in a rat model of ICH. ICH was induced in rats by treatment with type VII collagenase. Sham-operated rats were administered with an equal volume of saline. Following the administration of rhubarb decoction (20 g/kg), neurobehavioral function evaluation and Evans blue extravasation assays were performed at days 1, 3 and 5 after ICH. ZO-1 expression in the brain of ICH-induced rats were analyzed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical analyses. The results suggested that rhubarb significantly ameliorated neurological symptoms and attenuated BBB permeability. The results of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR studies indicated that the expression of ZO-1 expression was robust in the sham-operated group and was weak in the vehicle-treated group at day 3. The present data indicated that rhubarb effectively attenuated ICH-induced BBB damage in rats, raising the possibility that rhubarb or its active components may be considered useful as neuroprotective drugs for ICH. The protective mechanisms appeared to involve the preservation of BBB integrity and elevation of ZO-1 protein expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Fan Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Gui Xie
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Qi Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Gang Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Kun Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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1813
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Xu SC, Chow J, Liu J, Li L, Maslin JS, Chadha N, Chen B, Teng CC. Risk factors for visual impairment associated with corneal diseases in southern China. Clin Ophthalmol 2016; 10:777-82. [PMID: 27194904 PMCID: PMC4859424 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s103302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the most common etiologies of corneal disease and the risk factors associated with worse visual outcomes in Changsha, Hunan, located in southern China. Methods This observational, cross-sectional study evaluated 100 consecutive patients seen at the cornea clinic of The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Ocular history, demographic information, and ocular use of traditional Chinese medicine were recorded and analyzed. Causes of infectious keratitis were diagnosed clinically. Fungal and acanthamoeba keratitis were confirmed by confocal microscopy. Visual impairment was categorized based on visual acuity according to World Health Organization recommendations. A binary logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratio (OR). Results One hundred consecutive patients were evaluated. Sixty patients (60%) had noninfectious corneal diseases, most commonly dry eye syndrome (26.7%, n=16), followed by corneal abrasion (18.3%, n=11). Forty-five patients had infectious keratitis, five of whom had both infectious and noninfectious etiologies. Of the patients with infectious keratitis, viral keratitis was the most frequent cause (57.8%, n=26), followed by fungal (20%, n=9) and bacterial (20%, n=9). Older age (OR =5.08, P=0.048), male sex (OR =3.37, P=0.035), and rural residence (OR =3.11, P=0.017) had increased odds of having worse visual impairment. Rural residence was also associated with infectious keratitis (P=0.005), particularly bacterial and fungal keratitis (P=0.046), and a history of ocular trauma (P=0.003). Occupation was not a significant risk factor in this population. Fourteen patients reported use of traditional Chinese medicine, with no association with visual outcomes found. Conclusion Older age, male sex, and rural residence were associated with worse visual impairment. Prevalence and outcome of corneal diseases may be improved with an increased awareness in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica Chow
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jessica S Maslin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nisha Chadha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baihua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Christopher C Teng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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1814
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Li JH, Wang RQ, Guo WJ, Li JS. Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of influenza A (H1N1): A meta-analysis. J Chin Med Assoc 2016; 79:281-91. [PMID: 26935853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2009, the first reported case infected with influenza A (H1N1) virus was identified in Mexico. The World Health Organization officially declared the outbreak to be a pandemic on June 11, 2009. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) infection. METHODS We electronically and manually searched electronic databases, reference lists, and conference compilations to identify randomized clinical trials that compared the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) using TCM with a control group receiving oseltamivir or antivirus therapy. The Jadad score was used to assess trial quality. Duration of viral shedding, time to defervescence, and effective rate were taken as outcome measurements; additionally, heterogeneity analysis and meta-analysis were performed. RESULTS A total of 30 studies were included in our investigation, and these studies together included 3444 cases. Based on the Jadad score, each of these studies were divided as follows: high-quality studies (n = 3), medium-quality studies (n = 2), and low quality studies (n = 25). A meta analysis was performed, which indicated that the time to defervescence between the TCM treatment group and the control group was statistically significant, the duration of viral [Influenza A (H1N1)] shedding in the integrated Chinese and Western medicine subgroups was statistically significant, but it was not statistically significant between the two groups, the effective rate between the two groups was not statistically significant. A total of 18 studies described adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicated that the mean time to defervescence in the TCM treatment group was less than noted in the control group, and that the duration of viral [Influenza A (H1N1)] shedding in the integrated Chinese and Western medicine subgroups was less than that noted in the control group. However, the available evidence does not consider the fact that the difference in duration of viral shedding and effective rate between the two groups was statistically similar. No obvious adverse events were reported in the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hong Li
- Tianshui City Center for Disease Control, Gansu, China.
| | - Re-Qin Wang
- Tianshui City Center for Disease Control, Gansu, China
| | - Wen-Jie Guo
- College of Medicine and Nursing, Chendu University, Chendu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan-Sheng Li
- Lanzhou University School of Public Health, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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1815
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Li N, Zhang XZ, Wang YR, Cao L, Ding G, Wang ZZ, Xiao W, Xu XJ. [Mechanism of Tongsaimai tablet for atherosclerosis based on network pharmacology]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2016; 41:1706-12. [PMID: 28891622 DOI: 10.4268/cjcmm20160922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Network pharmacology method was adopted in this study to explore the active compounds and mechanism of Tongsaimai tablets for atherosclerosis. In molecular docking and molecular-target protein network analysis, 97 molecules in Tongsaimai tablets showed good interaction with the atherosclerosis-related target protein (docking score ≥ 7), and 37 molecules of them could act on more than 2 targets (≥ 2) with higher betweenness, suggesting that these 37 molecules might be the main active compounds group in Tongsaimai tablets for atherosclerosis treatment. Furthermore, the predicted active compounds contained more flavonoids and saponins, reminding more attention should be paid on flavonoids and saponins in study of effective compounds and quality standards of Tongsaimai tablets. Targets network analysis showed that, the active compounds of Tongsaimai tablets could regulate inflammation, stabilize plaque, protect vascular endothelial cell, regulate blood lipid and inhibit blood coagulation through acting on the main 22 target proteins, such as Toll-like receptors (TLR1, TLR2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP9), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4-H), 5-lipoxidase (5-LOX), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARγ). These active compounds can participate in regulating different pathologic stages of atherosclerosis and thus treat atherosclerosis finally. This study revealed the main active compounds and possible mechanism of Tongsaimai tablets for treatment of atherosclerosis and meanwhile, verified the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets and integral regulation for Tongsaimai tablets, providing theoretical references for the following systematic laboratory experiments on effective compounds and action mechanism of Tongsaimai Tablet.
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1816
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Jiang N, Yin J, Wen L, Li H. Characteristics of Anaphylaxis in 907 Chinese Patients Referred to a Tertiary Allergy Center: A Retrospective Study of 1,952 Episodes. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2016; 8:353-61. [PMID: 27126729 PMCID: PMC4853513 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.4.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Comprehensive evaluation of anaphylaxis in China is currently lacking. In this study, we characterized the clinical profiles, anaphylactic triggers, and emergency treatment in pediatric and adult patients. Methods Outpatients diagnosed with "anaphylaxis" or "severe allergic reactions" in the Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 1,952 episodes of anaphylaxis in 907 patients were analyzed (78% were adults and 22% were children). Foods are the most common cause (77%), followed by idiopathic etiologies (15%), medications (7%) and insects (0.6%). In food-induced anaphylaxis, 62% (13/21) of anaphylaxis in infants and young children (0-3 years of age) were triggered by milk, 59% (36/61) of anaphylaxis in children (4-9 years of age) were triggered by fruits/vegetables, while wheat was the cause of anaphylaxis in 20% (56/282) of teenagers (10-17 years of age) and 42% (429/1,016) in adults (18-50 years of age). Mugwort pollen sensitization was common in patients with anaphylaxis induced by spices, fruits/vegetables, legume/peanuts, and tree nuts/seeds, with the prevalence rates of 75%, 67%, 61%, and 51%, respectively. Thirty-six percent of drug-induced anaphylaxis was attributed to traditional Chinese Medicine. For patients receiving emergency care, only 25% of patients received epinephrine. Conclusions The present study showed that anaphylaxis appeared to occur more often in adults than in infants and children, which were in contrast to those found in other countries. In particular, wheat allergens played a prominent role in triggering food-induced anaphylaxis, followed by fruits/vegetables. Traditional Chinese medicine was a cause of drug-induced anaphylaxis. Furthermore, exercise was the most common factor aggravating anaphylaxis. Education regarding the more aggressive use of epinephrine in the emergency setting is clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Jiang
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Liping Wen
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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1817
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of our therapeutic options on toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) patients. METHODS After giving informed consent, patients affected by TEN were included in the study between January 2001 and December 2013. Suspected causative drugs, onset to hospitalization, complications, management, outcome, laboratory investigations of blood tests and therapeutic options were recorded and analyzed. SCORTEN scoring system was used to evaluate the complications and the survival rate. Therapeutic interventions included immediate withdrawal of any potentially fatal drug, nursing care, supportive therapy, high-dose corticosteroids, antibiotics, plasma therapy, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Blood tests were taken as a result of clinical outcome. RESULTS Total 21 consecutive patients (10 males and 11 females, mean age 33 years) were included in the study. Cefalexin, paracetamol, quick cold capsules, compound aminopyrine phenacetin tablets, carbamazepine, propylthiouracil, sulfonamide, ampicillin, and phenylbutazone were suspected to be the causative agents. All patients received high-dose dexamethasone or methylprednisolone therapy. Eighteen patients received the administration of antibiotics. Twelve patients received plasma infusions, and 11 patients were given albumin. Only 2 patients applied IVIG. Additionally, 3 and 14 cases were intravenously injected with QKL and Xiyanping, respectively. The average score of SCORTEN was 2.52 and the average percentage of total body surface area was 68.8%. The mortality rate in our study was 19%. CONCLUSION The therapeutic options in our study, including nursing care, corticosteroid, anti-inflammatory and TCM are effective for the treatment of TEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- a Department of Dermatology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , PR China and
| | - Jin Zhou
- b Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , PR China
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1818
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Sun G, Wei L, Feng J, Lin J, Peng J. Inhibitory effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. on colorectal cancer stem cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3875-3881. [PMID: 27313710 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be closely correlated with the development and progression of tumors, as well as with chemo- and radioresistance. Targeting CSCs may therefore be a promising potential strategy for the treatment of cancer. Currently, natural products have received great interest due to their therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects compared with modern chemotherapeutics. As a significant component of a number of traditional Chinese medicine formulas, the medicinal herb Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW) has long been utilized in China to clinically treat a variety of malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, the authors of the present study reported that HDW suppressed CRC growth through multiple mechanisms, including promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. To additionally investigate its mode of action, the present study isolated a stem-like side population (SP) from colorectal cancer HT-29 cells to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of HDW on CSCs. It was observed that HDW was able to markedly downregulate the expression of CSC marker leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 and also significantly decrease the proportion of SP in HT-29 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HDW treatment significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the viability and sphere formation, and induced cell morphological changes of isolated HT-29 SP cells. In addition, HDW greatly suppressed the messenger RNA expression of several critical genes that mediate CSC features, including ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 1, β-catenin, c-Myc, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and survivin. In conclusion, the present study indicates that HDW may exert inhibitory effects on cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Sun
- Hangzhou Naval Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Area Command, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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1819
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Abstract
Tongguan Liqiao acupuncture therapy has been shown to effectively treat dysphagia after stroke-based pseudobulbar paralysis. We presumed that this therapy would be effective for dysphagia after bulbar paralysis in patients with brainstem infarction. Sixty-four patients with dysphagia following brainstem infarction were recruited and divided into a medulla oblongata infarction group (n = 22), a midbrain and pons infarction group (n = 16), and a multiple cerebral infarction group (n = 26) according to their magnetic resonance imaging results. All patients received Tongguan Liqiao acupuncture for 28 days. The main acupoints were Neiguan (PC6), Renzhong (DU26), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Fengchi (GB20), Wangu (GB12), and Yifeng (SJ17). Furthermore, the posterior pharyngeal wall was pricked. Before and after treatment, patient swallowing functions were evaluated with the Kubota Water Test, Fujishima Ichiro Rating Scale, and the Standard Swallowing Assessment. The Barthel Index was also used to evaluate their quality of life. Results showed that after 28 days of treatment, scores on the Kubota Water Test and Standard Swallowing Assessment had decreased, but scores on the Fujishima Ichiro Rating Scale and Barthel Index had increased in each group. The total efficacy rate was 92.2% after treatment, and was most obvious in patients with medulla oblongata infarction (95.9%). These findings suggest that Tongguan Liqiao acupuncture therapy can repair the connection of upper motor neurons to the medulla oblongata motor nucleus, promote the recovery of brainstem infarction, and improve patient's swallowing ability and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin-Ling Bian
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Meng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Na Meng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Song Ren
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Guo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Min Shi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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1820
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Leung KCF, Seneviratne CJ, Li X, Leung PC, Lau CBS, Wong CH, Pang KY, Wong CW, Wat E, Jin L. Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Scutellaria baicalensis and Pure Chlorhexidine on Oral Bacterial Biofilms. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2016; 6:E61. [PMID: 28335189 PMCID: PMC5302556 DOI: 10.3390/nano6040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scutellariabaicalensis (SB) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases. Our recent study shows potent antibacterial effects of nanoparticle-encapsulated chlorhexidine (Nano-CHX). Herein, we explored the synergistic effects of the nanoparticle-encapsulated SB (Nano-SB) and Nano-CHX on oral bacterial biofilms. Loading efficiency of Nano-SB was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, and its releasing profile was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatographyusing baicalin (a flavonoid compound of SB) as the marker. The mucosal diffusion assay on Nano-SB was undertaken in a porcine model. The antibacterial effects of the mixed nanoparticles (Nano-MIX) of Nano-SB and Nano-CHX at 9:1 (w/w) ratio were analyzed in both planktonic and biofilm modes of representative oral bacteria. The Nano-MIX was effective on the mono-species biofilms of Streptococcus (S.) mutans, S. sobrinus, Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum, and Aggregatibacter (A.) actinomycetemcomitans (MIC 50 μg/mL) at 24 h, and exhibited an enhanced effect against the multi-species biofilms such as S. mutans, F. nucleatum, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis (MIC 12.5 μg/mL) at 24 h that was supported by the findings of both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM). This study shows enhanced synergistic antibacterial effects of the Nano-MIX on common oral bacterial biofilms, which could be potentially developed as a novel antimicrobial agent for clinical oral/periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Cham-Fai Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Creativity, and Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, The Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Xuan Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Partner State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Clara Bik San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Partner State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Hin Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Creativity, and Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, The Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka Yan Pang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Partner State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Elaine Wat
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Partner State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lijian Jin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China.
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1821
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Schitter AM, Nedeljkovic M, Ausfeld-Hafter B, Fleckenstein J. Changes in self-reported symptoms of depression and physical well-being in healthy individuals following a Taiji beginner course - Results of a randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00429. [PMID: 27088053 PMCID: PMC4782252 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taiji is a mind-body practice being increasingly investigated for its therapeutic benefits in a broad range of mental and physical conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential preventive effects of Taiji practice in healthy individuals with regard to their depressive symptomatology and physical well-being. METHODS Seventy healthy Taiji novices were randomly assigned to a Taiji intervention group, that is, Taiji beginner course (Yang-Style Taiji, 2 h per week, 12 weeks) or a control group comprised of the waiting list for the course. Self-reported symptoms of depression (CES-D) and physical well-being (FEW-16) were assessed at baseline, at the end of the intervention, as well as 2 months later. RESULTS The included participants had a mean age of 35.5 years. Physical well-being in the Taiji group significantly increased when comparing baseline to follow-up (FEW-16 sum score T(27) = 3.94, P = 0.001, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.55). Pearson's correlation coefficients displayed a strong negative relationship between self-reported symptoms of depression and physical well-being (P's < 0.001, r's ≥ -0.54). CONCLUSION In this randomized controlled trial, we found significant evidence that a Taiji beginner course of 3 months duration elicits positive effects with respect to physical well-being in healthy individuals, with improvements pronouncing over time. Physical well-being was shown to have a strong relationship with depressive symptoms. Based on these results, the consideration of Taiji as one therapeutic option in the development of multimodal approaches in the prevention of depression seems justifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Nedeljkovic
- University of Bern Institute of Complementary Medicine IKOM Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Johannes Fleckenstein
- University of Bern Institute of Complementary Medicine IKOM Bern Switzerland; Goethe-University Frankfurt Institute of Sports Medicine Frankfurt Germany
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1822
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Owen S, Gao Y, Zhi X, Wei C, Wu Y, Jiang WG. Effect of YangZheng XiaoJi Extract, DME-25, on Endothelial Cells and their Response to Avastin. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:1181-1192. [PMID: 26977014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is a cellular process that has been identified as a key target for therapy in solid cancer. However, over the course of anti-angiogenic therapies, cancer cells acquire resistance to these therapies after an initial period of success. DME-25 is an extract from Yang Zheng Xiao Ji, a traditional Chinese medicine that has been reported to benefit patients with cancer by alleviating chemotherapy-associated symptoms and possibly inhibiting key cancer cell traits. This study aimed to explore if DME-25 on its own and in combination with avastin affected endothelial cell behaviour in vitro in the presence of hypoxic lung cancer-conditioned medium (CM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two lung cancer cell lines, A549 and SK-MES-1, were exposed to hypoxic conditions (O2 ≤1%) for 4 h, after which CM, and RNA were collected. Transcript expression of several influential angiogenic markers in lung cancer cells were assessed following hypoxic/normoxic conditions. Lung cancer CM was added in combination with avastin and DME-25, before or after vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) depletion, to endothelial cells (HECV) and cell migration and microtubule formation were assessed in vitro. RESULTS HECV cell migration was reduced in the presence of avastin, although less efficiently in the presence of lung cancer CM. A combination of DME-25 and avastin with lung cancer CM significantly reduced HECV cell migration irrespective of culture under hypoxia or normoxia. Depletion of VEGF from the CM reduced the inhibitory capacity of avastin, however, it appeared to have little impact on the anti-angiogenic effects of DME-25. CONCLUSION DME-25 inhibits tubule formation irrespectively of the factors secreted by normoxic or hypoxic lung cancer cell CM depleted of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sioned Owen
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K. Cardiff University-Capital Medical University Joint Centre for BioMedical Research and Cancer Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Gao
- Yiling Medical Research Institute, ShijiaZhuang, HeBei Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyi Zhi
- Cardiff University-Capital Medical University Joint Centre for BioMedical Research and Cancer Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China Beijing Lung Cancer Centre, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wei
- Yiling Medical Research Institute, ShijiaZhuang, HeBei Province, P.R. China
| | - Yiling Wu
- Yiling Medical Research Institute, ShijiaZhuang, HeBei Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K. Cardiff University-Capital Medical University Joint Centre for BioMedical Research and Cancer Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China Beijing Lung Cancer Centre, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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1823
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Han F, Xing RH, Chen LQ, Chen L, Xiong W, Yang M, Zhao ZD. [Research progress of anti-drug resistance in traditional Chinese medicine]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2016; 41:813-7. [PMID: 28875632 DOI: 10.4268/cjcmm20160509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial drug resistance has been always the focus of the world. With the abuse of antibiotics and the emerging of "Superbug" in the world, the harm of drug resistance to human beings is more and more serious, with an uncontrollable trend. Today, with the relative lack of antibiotics, people pay more attention to Chinese herbal medicines with a wide range of sources, high security, less toxic side effects and mysterious anti-drug resistance mechanism, hoping to find new ways or new ideas to solve the problem of drug resistance. In recent years, the screening, extracting and isolating of effective drug resistance inhibitors from natural plants and traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as the investigation in mechanism of anti-drug resistance, have become a hot research in the field of medicine. In this paper, we would analyze and summarize the action mechanism of bacterial drug resistance, characteristics and advantages of anti-drug resistance of traditional Chinese medicine, as well as the herbal ingredients with anti-drug resistance effect, hoping to provide certain theoretical basis and research ideas for solving the problem of bacterial drug resistance and developing new green Chinese antibiotics.
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1824
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Tan Y. [Advance in treatment of pediatric leukemia through modulating signaling pathways induced by traditional Chinese medicine]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2016; 41:989-94. [PMID: 28875659 DOI: 10.4268/cjcmm20160603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in childhood, which is also one of the malignant tumors that can be cured by chemotherapy. However, infection and the side effects of chemotherapy drugs are the causes of death in children with leukemia. Chemotherapy combined with traditional Chinese medicine is used to treatment of pediatric leukemia in clinic. Although traditional Chinese medicine has extensive clinical experience in the treatment of leukemia, the mechanism is not clear. The targeted drugs are attractive for the advantages of the high selectivity and little side effects. Targeted therapies in pediatric leukemia are targeting BCR/ABL, TARA and FLT3 proteins, which activation results in the downstream activation of multiple signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT, JNK/STAT, Ras/ERK pathways. In recent years, the target site or the signaling pathways are clear for the traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of leukemia. In this paper, we review recent studies, summary the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions and effective ingredients which can regulate the signaling pathways. We view to provide a basis for the treatment of childhood leukemia with traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy drugs or targeted drugs.
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1825
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Han J, Xiao Q, Lin YH, Zheng ZZ, He ZD, Hu J, Chen LD. Neuroprotective effects of salidroside on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury involve the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway. Neural Regen Res 2016; 10:1989-96. [PMID: 26889188 PMCID: PMC4730824 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.172317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Salidroside, the main active ingredient extracted from Rhodiola crenulata, has been shown to be neuroprotective in ischemic cerebral injury, but the underlying mechanism for this neuroprotection is poorly understood. In the current study, the neuroprotective effect of salidroside on cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative stress and the role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway was investigated in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Salidroside (30 mg/kg) reduced infarct size, improved neurological function and histological changes, increased activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase, and reduced malon-dialdehyde levels after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Furthermore, salidroside apparently increased Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression. These results suggest that salidroside exerts its neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia through anti-oxidant mechanisms and that activation of the Nrf2 pathway is involved. The Nrf2/antioxidant response element pathway may become a new therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yan-Hua Lin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Zheng
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhao-Dong He
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China; Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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1826
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Li MK, Li YJ, Zhang GF, Chen JQ, Zhang JP, Qi J, Huang Y, Lai XS, Tang CZ. Acupuncture for ischemic stroke: cerebellar activation may be a central mechanism following Deqi. Neural Regen Res 2016; 10:1997-2003. [PMID: 26889189 PMCID: PMC4730825 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.172318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The needling sensation of Deqi during acupuncture is a key factor of influencing acupuncture outcome. Recent studies have mainly focused on the brain function effects of Deqi in a physiological state. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on the effects of acupuncture at Waiguan (SJ5) in pathological and physiological states is controversial. In this study, 12 patients with ischemic stroke received acupuncture at Waiguan (SJ5) and simultaneously underwent fMRI scanning of the brain, with imaging data of the activated areas obtained. Based on the patient's sensation, imaging data were allocated to either the Deqi group or non-Deqi group. In the Deqi group, the activated/deactivated areas were the left superior temporal gyrus (BA39)/right anterior lobe of the cerebellum and left thalamus. In the non-Deqi group, the activated areas included the medial frontal gyrus of the right frontal lobe (BA11), right limbic lobe (BA30, 35), and left frontal lobe (BA47), while the only deactivated area was the right parietal lobe (BA40). Compared with the non-Deqi group, the Deqi group exhibited marked activation of the right anterior lobe of the cerebellum and right limbic lobe (BA30). These findings confirm that the clinical effect of Deqi during acupuncture is based on brain functional changes. Cerebellar activation may be one of the central mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Keng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Jie Li
- First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gui-Feng Zhang
- Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Qi Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji-Ping Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji Qi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Lai
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Zhi Tang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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1827
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Wang H, Lau BWM, Wang NL, Wang SY, Lu QJ, Chang RCC, So KF. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides promotes in vivo proliferation of adult rat retinal progenitor cells. Neural Regen Res 2016; 10:1976-81. [PMID: 26889185 PMCID: PMC4730821 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.172315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine prescription for protection of optic nerve. However, it remains unclear regarding the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, the main component of Lycium barbarum, on in vivo proliferation of adult ciliary body cells. In this study, adult rats were intragastrically administered low- and high-dose Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (1 and 10 mg/kg) for 35 days and those intragastrically administered phosphate buffered saline served as controls. The number of Ki-67-positive cells in rat ciliary body in the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides groups, in particular low-dose Lycium barbarum polysaccharides group, was significantly greater than that in the phosphate buffered saline group. Ki-67-positive rat ciliary body cells expressed nestin but they did not express glial fibrillary acidic protein. These findings suggest that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can promote the proliferation of adult rat retinal progenitor cells and the proliferated cells present with neuronal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Benson Wui-Man Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ning-Li Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ying Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Jun Lu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; GMH Institute of Central Nervous System Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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1828
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Dong MH, Zhang Q, Wang YY, Zhou BS, Sun YF, Fu Q. Euphorbia fischeriana Steud inhibits malignant melanoma via modulation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1475-1480. [PMID: 27073468 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia fischeriana Steud, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancers by the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and the inhibitory effect of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud on the growth and metastasis of melanoma B16 cells in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms. MTT assay results indicated that Euphorbia fischeriana Steud inhibited the growth of B16 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that Euphorbia fischeriana Steud markedly induced apoptosis of the B16 cells, with arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, in a Transwell assay Euphorbia fischeriana Steud significantly suppressed the migration of B16 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were upregulated, and the phosphorylation of Akt was downregulated, which resulted in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the eventual suppression of its downstream targets, such as matrix metalloproteinase-2 mRNA, in B16 cells. The results demonstrated that Euphorbia fischeriana Steud inhibited the growth and migration of B16 cells, possibly via modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and upregulation of PTEN expression levels, in addition to downregulation of p-Akt expression. The aforementioned findings suggest that Euphorbia fischeriana Steud may have broad therapeutic applications in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Dong
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Sui Zhou
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Sun
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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1829
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Cheng JF, Lo C, Tzeng YL. [The Usage of Auricular Acupressure in Clinical Nursing and Evidence-Based Research]. Hu Li Za Zhi 2016; 62:20-6. [PMID: 26645441 DOI: 10.6224/jn62.6.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Auricular acupressure is a non-invasive physiotherapy that was developed based on the traditional Chinese meridian theory. Because it is non-invasive, simple to implement, and easy to learn, and because it presents minimal side effects and may be executed independently, this therapy may be used as an alternative or auxiliary approach to symptom management as well as to self-care. The increasing support for auricular acupressure from evidence-based research in Taiwan and elsewhere offers the opportunity to include auricular acupressure as a treatment option in evidence-based nursing interventions. Because nursing education in Taiwan is guided by Western medical concepts and principles, most nurses are not familiar with auricular acupressure, which is derived from traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, this article not only systemically introduces the definition and theoretical basis of auricular acupressure but also includes the principles and application-related knowledge. Furthermore, this article analyzes the common problems encountered in auricular acupressure research in order to improve the familiarity of nurses with this therapy, to provide references for clinical application, and to provide a basis for designing new evidence-based nursing research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Fen Cheng
- MS, RN, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, China Medical University, and Adjunct Supervisor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chyi Lo
- PhD, RN, Assisstant Professor, School of Nursing, China Medical University, and Adjunct Supervisor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Ling Tzeng
- PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, China Medical University, and Adjunct Advisor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
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1830
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Abstract
Acupressure is a traditional Chinese medicine approach to disease prevention and treatment that may be operated by nurses independently. Therefore, acupressure is being increasingly applied in clinical nursing practice and research. Recently, the implementation of evidence-based nursing (EBN) in clinical practice has been encouraged to promote nursing quality. Evidence-based nursing is a method-ology and process of implementation that applies the best-available evidence to clinical practice, which is acquired through the use of empirical nursing research. Therefore, in this paper, we address the topic of acupressure within the context of empirical nursing practice. We first introduce the current status of acupressure research and provide the locations of common acupoints in order to guide future empirical nursing research and to help nurses use these acupoints in clinical practice. Finally, we describe the steps that are necessary to apply the current empirical information on acupressure as well as provide suggestions to promote safety and efficacy in order to guide nurses in the accurate application of acupressure in nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Chen
- PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, College of Health Care, China Medical University, and Adjunct Educational Supervisor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jun-Dai Lin
- PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing/ Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taiwan, ROC.
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1831
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Mu J, Liu T, Jiang L, Wu X, Cao Y, Li M, Dong Q, Liu Y, Xu H. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Baicalein Potently Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2016; 7:453-61. [PMID: 26918059 PMCID: PMC4749366 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a traditional Chinese medicine, is a member of the flavone subclass of flavonoids. It has been reported to have anticancer activities in several human cancer cell lines in vitro. However, the therapeutic effects of baicalein on human gastric cancer and the mechanisms of action of baicalein have not been extensively studied. In the present study, we utilized a cell viability assay and an in vivo tumor growth assay to test the inhibitory effects of baicalein on gastric cancer. Analyses of the cell cycle, apoptosis and alterations in protein levels were performed to elucidate how baicalein functions in gastric cancer. We found that baicalein could potently inhibit gastric cancer cell growth and colony formation. Baicalein robustly induced arrest at the S phase in the gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901. It induced SGC-7901 cell apoptosis and disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of protein expression levels in SGC-7901 cells showed downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax in response to baicalein treatment. These results indicate that baicalein induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway. In an in vivo subcutaneous xenograft model, baicalein exhibited excellent tumor inhibitory effects. These results indicate that baicalein may be a potential drug for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Mu
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianrun Liu
- 3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiangsong Wu
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Cao
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Maolan Li
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qian Dong
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;; 2. Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haineng Xu
- 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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1832
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Ma Y, Zhou K, Fan J, Sun S. Traditional Chinese medicine: potential approaches from modern dynamical complexity theories. Front Med 2016; 10:28-32. [PMID: 26809465 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in clinical settings, proving its effectiveness via scientific trials is still a challenge. TCM views the human body as a complex dynamical system, and focuses on the balance of the human body, both internally and with its external environment. Such fundamental concepts require investigations using system-level quantification approaches, which are beyond conventional reductionism. Only methods that quantify dynamical complexity can bring new insights into the evaluation of TCM. In a previous article, we briefly introduced the potential value of Multiscale Entropy (MSE) analysis in TCM. This article aims to explain the existing challenges in TCM quantification, to introduce the consistency of dynamical complexity theories and TCM theories, and to inspire future system-level research on health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Kehua Zhou
- Department of Health Care Studies, Daemen College, Amherst, NY, 14226, USA.,Daemen College Physical Therapy Wound Care Clinic, Daemen College, Amherst, NY, 14226, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuchen Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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1833
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Yang N, Xiong A, Wang R, Yang L, Wang Z. Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compounds in Xiaoyan Lidan Tablets: Fingerprint and Quantitative Analysis Using UPLC-MS. Molecules 2016; 21:83. [PMID: 26805803 PMCID: PMC6273587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
XiaoyanLidan tablets (XYLDTs) are traditional Chinese medicines frequently used for syndromes of the liver and gallbladder, cholecystitis and cholangitis. To evaluate the consistency of the quality of commercial XYLDT preparations, we established a simple and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method with a photodiode array (PDA) detector and mass spectrometry (MS), including a fingerprint analysis and quantification of the main pharmacologically-active markers. In the UPLC-PDA detection-based fingerprint analysis of XYLDTs, approximately 39 peaks were found in the XYLDT chromatogram, 26 of which were attributed to Picrasmaquassioides, nine to Andrographis and four to Isodonserra. Subsequently, the structures of these bioactive markers were identified through ESI-MS analyses. Using the chemometricmethods of similarity analysis and principal component analysis, the five significant herbal componentswere determined as 4-methoxy-5-hydroxycanthin-6-one, andrographolide, dehydroandrographolide, neoandrographolide and rosmarinic acid, and these components were qualitatively assessed. Our experimental results demonstrated that combining the fingerprint analysis with UPLC-MS and multi-ingredient determination is useful for rapid pharmaceutical quality evaluation. Moreover, the combined approach can potentially differentiate the origin, determine the authenticity and assess the overall quality of the formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Aizhen Xiong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
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1834
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously reported that 789 anti-allergic patents were granted in China between 1988 and 2008, but the number of patents seems to have grown much faster in China in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the patents for anti-asthmatic products between 2004 and 2013 to give pharmaceutical companies and individuals a better understanding of potential candidates for anti-asthmatic drug development from patents published in China. AREAS COVERED The current report analyses the scientific progress that supports anti-asthmatic drug patent applications and reviews the published patent literature in China from 2004 to 2013. EXPERT OPINION The rapid increase in the number of anti-asthmatic patents in China indicates that more specific discoveries have been made and that more people are aware of the importance of intellectual property protection in China. Holding patents may guarantee protection for an innovative new product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- a Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre , The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China.,b Department of Respiratory Medicine , The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region , Shenyang , China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- a Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre , The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China
| | - Ke Cao
- a Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre , The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China
| | - Ping He
- c Corporation Law Department , Dechert LLP , London , UK
| | - Hongliang Dai
- a Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre , The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China
| | - Shaoheng He
- a Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre , The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University , Jinzhou , China
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1835
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Liu YQ, Wang YX, Shi NN, Han XJ, Lu AP. Current situation of International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee 249 international standards of traditional Chinese medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:376-380. [PMID: 26779713 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the current situation and progress of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) international standards, standard projects and proposals in International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/ technical committee (TC) 249. METHODS ISO/TC 249 standards and standard projects on the ISO website were searched and new standard proposals information were collected from ISO/TC 249 National Mirror Committee in China. Then all the available data were summarized in 5 closely related items, including proposed time, proposed country, assigned working group (WG), current stage and classifification. RESULTS In ISO/TC 249, there were 2 international standards, 18 standard projects and 24 new standard proposals proposed in 2014. These 44 standard subjects increased year by year since 2011. Twenty-nine of them were proposed by China, 15 were assigned to WG 4, 36 were in preliminary and preparatory stage and 8 were categorized into 4 fifields, 7 groups and sub-groups based on International Classifification Standards. CONCLUSION A rapid and steady development of international standardization in TCM can be observed in ISO/TC 249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qi Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yue-Xi Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Nan-Nan Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xue-Jie Han
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. .,School of Chinese medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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1836
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Hung HY, Wu TS. Recent progress on the traditional Chinese medicines that regulate the blood. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:221-238. [PMID: 28911575 PMCID: PMC9339571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine, the herbs that regulate blood play a vital role. Here, nine herbs including Typhae Pollen, Notoginseng Root, Common Bletilla Tuber, India Madder Root and Rhizome, Chinese Arborvitae Twig, Lignum Dalbergiae Oderiferae, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Corydalis Tuber, and Motherwort Herb were selected and reviewed for their recent studies on anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular effects. Besides, the analytical methods developed to qualify or quantify the active compounds of the herbs are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
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1837
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Abstract
Background: Traditional Chinese medicine, as it is understood and adopted by those with a growing interest in complementary and alternative practices to biomedicine, is often used as an umbrella term for traditional medical practices from regions within and bordering the People's Republic of China. However, there are multiple distinct medical traditions in China, including that of the Uyghurs, Tibetans, and Mongolians. Objective: It is important to recognize the commonalities and differences of these unique systems of medicine practiced by the 3 different cultures among China's borders. Methods: Through an in-depth analysis of the individual beliefs and theories that form the foundation of each system, we trace the origins of the concepts that were synthesized into the Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian medical systems. Furthermore, we compare diagnostic techniques and contrast treatment modalities among the 3 systems. Discussion: We discuss humoral theory, constitution theory, elemental theory, organ theory, and yin and yang theory. We find that imbalance is the common cause of disease or illness, but the conditions and external factors that explain such imbalances differ among the Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian systems. Through these comparisons, we seek to highlight the unique beliefs, practices, and treatments utilized by these cultures. Conclusion: The features and attributes, while not exclusive to each population, are nonetheless uniquely synthesized by each system and thus demonstrate the distinct nature of Uyghur, Tibetan, and Mongolian medical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Maolecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC, United States
| | - Hakima Amri
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Maolecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC, United States
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1838
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Liang JQ, Wang L, He JC, Hua XD. Verbascoside promotes the regeneration of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia nigra. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:101-6. [PMID: 26981096 PMCID: PMC4774200 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.175053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine hydroxylase is a key enzyme in dopamine biosynthesis. Change in tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the nigrostriatal system is closely related to the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease. Verbascoside, an extract from Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata has been shown to be clinically effective in treating Parkinson's disease. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. It is hypothesized that the effects of verbascoside on Parkinson's disease are related to tyrosine hydroxylase expression change in the nigrostriatal system. Rat models of Parkinson's disease were established and verbascoside (60 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once a day. After 6 weeks of verbascoside treatment, rat rotational behavior was alleviated; tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and protein expression and the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the rat right substantia nigra were significantly higher than the Parkinson's model group. These findings suggest that the mechanism by which verbascoside treats Parkinson's disease is related to the regeneration of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-qing Liang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-cheng He
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-dong Hua
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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1839
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Li JM, Zhang Y, Tang L, Chen YH, Gao Q, Bao MH, Xiang J, Lei DL. Effects of triptolide on hippocampal microglial cells and astrocytes in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1492-1498. [PMID: 27857756 PMCID: PMC5090855 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.191224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The principal pathology of Alzheimer's disease includes neuronal extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides and formation of senile plaques, which in turn induce neuroinflammation in the brain. Triptolide, a natural extract from the vine-like herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive efficacy. Therefore, we determined if triptolide can inhibit activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. We used 1 or 5 μg/kg/d triptolide to treat APP/PS1 double transgenic mice (aged 4-4.5 months) for 45 days. Unbiased stereology analysis found that triptolide dose-dependently reduced the total number of microglial cells, and transformed microglial cells into the resting state. Further, triptolide (5 μg/kg/d) also reduced the total number of hippocampal astrocytes. Our in vivo test results indicate that triptolide suppresses activation and proliferation of microglial cells and astrocytes in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University, School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Anatomy, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Heng Chen
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mei-Hua Bao
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ju Xiang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - De-Liang Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University, School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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1840
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Feng DD, Tang T, Lin XP, Yang ZY, Yang S, Xia ZA, Wang Y, Zheng P, Wang Y, Zhang CH. Nine traditional Chinese herbal formulas for the treatment of depression: an ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2387-2402. [PMID: 27703356 PMCID: PMC5036551 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s114560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major mental disorder, and is currently recognized as the second-leading cause of disability worldwide. However, the therapeutic effect of antidepressants remains unsatisfactory. For centuries, Chinese herbal formulas (CHFs) have been widely used in the treatment of depression, achieving better therapeutic effects than placebo and having fewer side effects than conventional antidepressants. Here, we review the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology studies of nine common CHFs: "banxia houpo" decoction, "chaihu shugansan", "ganmaidazao" decoction, "kaixinsan", "shuganjieyu" capsules, "sinisan", "wuling" capsules, "xiaoyaosan", and "yueju". Eight clinical trials and seven meta-analyses have supported the theory that CHFs are effective treatments for depression, decreasing Hamilton Depression Scale scores and showing few adverse effects. Evidence from 75 preclinical studies has also elucidated the multitarget and multipathway mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effect of the nine CHFs. Decoctions, capsules, and pills all showed antidepressant effects, ranked in descending order of efficacy. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, these CHFs have flexible compatibility and mainly act by soothing the liver and relieving depression. This review highlights the effective treatment choices and candidate compounds for patients, practitioners, and researchers in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In summary, the current evidence supports the efficacy of CHFs in the treatment of depression, but additional large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials and sophisticated pharmacology studies should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Feng
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ping Lin
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yu Yang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Yang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-An Xia
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Piao Zheng
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hu Zhang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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1841
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Chen Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Li C. Total flavonoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd inhibit inflammatory responses in LPS-activated macrophages via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:1116-1122. [PMID: 26998046 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play a central role in inflammatory responses. Total flavonoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (TFHDW) are active compounds derived from Hedyotis diffusa Willd, which has been long used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis and bronchitis; however, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of TFHDW are largely unknown. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect of TFHDW was evaluated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated in an in vitro inflammatory model comprising lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results indicated that TFHDW inhibited the inflammatory response as it significantly reduced the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in a concentration-dependent manner, without causing cytotoxicity. In addition, the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β was suppressed by treatment with TFHDW in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, TFHDW treatment significantly inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB via the suppression of inhibitor of κB (IκB) phosphorylation, and reduced the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling molecules (p38, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), which resulted in the inhibition of cytokine expression. These findings suggest that TFHDW exerted anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Chen
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian 365000, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Sanming Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanming, Fujian 365000, P.R. China
| | - Yachan Li
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Candong Li
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
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1842
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Zhu C, Gao Y, Jiang L, Ding B, Sun Y. Better plans and more powerful evidence are needed in the research and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:22030-22038. [PMID: 26885177 PMCID: PMC4729963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
China has the first largest global pool of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. With the implementation of comprehensive intervention of neonatal vaccination based on national strategy, some achievements have been made in control of hepatitis B in China. However, some problems remain unresolved in the research field as well as management of CHB. Currently, empirical therapy, poor study design, inefficient management, low compliance rate of patients, lack of public awareness and economic factor hampers the research and treatment of CHB in China. We propose that China should take more effective measures to improve the study quality, social management, the relief of economic burden for the needed patients, public awareness, evidence-based policies and medicine, supervision for clinical practice, diagnostics ability and laboratory quality, the compliance of patients, and the quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the management of CHB infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changtai Zhu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200233, China
| | - Yulu Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunshan 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihui Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200233, China
| | - Baoqiong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital160146, Singapore
| | - Yongning Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalNo. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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1843
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Zhen Wu Decoction (ZWD), a famous classic herbal formula documented in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is widely available in China for treating hypertensive patients with kidney yang deficiency and fluid retention syndrome. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ZWD for hypertension. METHODS Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database were searched from their inception to November 2014. Randomised controlled trials of ZWD used alone or in combination with antihypertensive drugs against placebo, no intervention or antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients were identified. Two assessors independently reviewed each trial. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used for quality assessment. RESULTS Seven trials involving 472 hypertensive patients were identified. Compared with antihypertensive drugs, ZWD showed no significant effects in lowering blood pressure (BP) (n=177; risk ratio (RR) 1.06; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.28; p=0.58); however, ZWD plus antihypertensive drugs (ZPAD) significantly lowered systolic BP (n=80; weighted mean difference (WMD) -14.00 mm Hg, 95% CI -18.84 to -9.16 mm Hg; p<0.00001), diastolic BP (n=80; WMD -8.00 mm Hg, 95% CI -11.35 to -4.65 mm Hg; p<0.00001), and BP (n=215; RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.37; p=0.001). TCM symptoms and syndromes were significantly improved by either ZWD (n=177; RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.95; p<0.0001) or ZPAD (n=215; RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.49; p=0.0001). Adverse effects were not reported. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review revealed no definite conclusion about the application of ZWD for hypertension due to the poor methodological quality, high risk of bias, and inadequate reporting on clinical data. More rigorously designed trials, especially addressing continuous BP and adverse effects, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Central Health Care, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengqian Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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1844
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Lin LM, Peng TC. [Physiological Relevance and Nursing Care Applications of Moxibustion as Applied to the Sanyinjiao Acupoint on Females]. Hu Li Za Zhi 2015; 62:5-12. [PMID: 26645439 DOI: 10.6224/jn62.6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Moxibustion is a thermal therapy procedure that applies burning material to the surface of specific acupoints, which warms the meridians and dispels cold. This procedure is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine care and treatment. It is also an important complementary and replacement therapy in many countries. Moxibustion on the Sanyinjiao acupoint of females is one of the main methods used to treat and care for women's health problems. The physiological effects of moxibustion on the Sanyinjiao acupoint include heightening the skin surface temperature to improve circulation and adjusting the balance of the autonomic nervous system via the meridians in order to regulate the affiliated organs (liver, spleen, and kidney). Moxibustion carries health risks, including the possibility of burns. Therefore, this therapy must follow the principles of moxibustion in order to safely complete the course and achieve the intended efficacy. In nursing-care applications, we must consider the process, time, distances, and safety of moxibustion. In exploring this theme, we hope the present paper helps readers better apply moxibustion in nursing-care applications and in the nursing education curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Lin
- PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Chu Peng
- PhD, RN, Professor, Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan, ROC.
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1845
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Liao YH, Lin CC, Lai HC, Chiang JH, Lin JG, Li TC. Adjunctive traditional Chinese medicine therapy improves survival of liver cancer patients. Liver Int 2015; 35:2595-602. [PMID: 25875878 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative treatment for cancer with its effect by stimulating host immune response for cytotoxic activity against liver cancer. No studies evaluated TCM treatment on survival of liver cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study determined whether the combination of TCM and conventional cancer treatment affects the survival of liver cancer patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 127 237 newly diagnosed liver cancer patients from 2000 to 2009 in the National Health Insurance Program database. RESULTS Among these patients, 30 992 (24.36%) used TCM for liver cancer care. All patients were followed up until 2011. The mean follow-up was 5.67 years (SD 1.47) for TCM users and 5.49 years (SD 3.64) for non-TCM users. Compared with patients without TCM use, patients with TCM use were significantly associated with a decreased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.64-0.66] with multivariate adjustment. A similar significant protective effect of TCM use across various subgroups of chronic liver diseases was also observed. Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.96) and Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang (HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78-0.95) were the most effective TCM agents that improved survival. CONCLUSIONS This cohort study provided information that adjunctive therapy with TCM may improve the survival in liver cancer patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential role of TCM in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiang Liao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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1846
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Dong X, Bergren SM, Chang ES. Traditional Chinese Medicine Use and Health in Community-Dwelling Chinese-American Older Adults in Chicago. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015; 63:2588-2595. [PMID: 26662921 PMCID: PMC9869288 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chinese people have practiced traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years, but there is a paucity of research regarding TCM use in Chinese older adult immigrants in the United States. This study aims to provide an overall estimate of TCM use for Chinese older adults in the United States and to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health measures, and TCM use. Data were collected through the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago, a community-based participant research study that surveyed 3,158 Chinese older adults aged 60 and older. TCM use was measured using an eight-item scale that examined eight kinds of TCM. Seventy-six percent of participants reported any use of TCM within the past year. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, health status was associated with greater use of acupuncture (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-1.68) and massage therapy (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.21-1.93), and quality of life was associated with less use of prescribed herbal products (OR 0.69, 95% CI = 0.55-0.87), tai chi (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.50-0.78), and other traditional medicine (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.40-0.56). These findings call for further investigation of TCM use by Chinese older adults, especially those with poor health and those with better quality of life. In the clinical setting, physicians should have awareness of TCM when treating Chinese older adults and look toward possible integration with Western medicine for more culturally appropriate, patient-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinQi Dong
- Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program; Rush Institute for Healthy Aging; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
| | - Stephanie M. Bergren
- Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program; Rush Institute for Healthy Aging; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
| | - E-Shien Chang
- Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program; Rush Institute for Healthy Aging; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
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1847
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Chien TJ, Liu CY, Ko PH, Hsu CH. A Chinese Decoction, Kuan-Sin-Yin, Improves Autonomic Function and Cancer-Related Symptoms of Metastatic Colon Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:113-23. [PMID: 26612784 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415617282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kuan-Sin-Yin (KSY) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction, which has been shown to have cytostatic effects on cancer cells and involved in the TCM theory of promoting yin-yang balance.Sonce many cancer patients suffer from autonomic dysfunction (AD), which correspond to yin-yang imbalance in TCM. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible effect of KSY in metastatic colon cancer (mCRC) patients with AD. METHODS We conducted a single-group experiment. Total 52 qualified patients were enrolled. Participants took the KSY daily for 2 weeks. The primary outcome was KSY efficacy as reflected in the heart rate variability (HRV) and electrical conductivity (µA) over 12 meridian points. Autonomic function was examined before and after the KSY intervention. The vagal and sympathetic tone were recorded by HRV; 12 meridian energies were measured using a meridian energy analysis device. Secondary outcomes were cancer-related symptoms and patient quality of life (QoL). RESULTS The results showed that the KSY intervention improved AD via increasing the vagal tone (HF: P = .041), but not the sympathetic tone (LF: P = .154); total autonomic activity was significantly enhanced (HRV activity: P = .013). Intriguingly, energy increased more over the yin meridian (P = .010) than over the yang meridian (P = .015). Cancer-related symptoms and QoL were significantly improved (P < .05). CONCLUSION The safety and effectiveness of KSY in improving AD in mCRC patients are through regulating the vagal-sympathetic dynamic balance, which correspond to the TCM yin-yang concept of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Ju Chien
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Oncology Department, Zhong-Xing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Liu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Chinese Medicine and Lin-Sen Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hao Ko
- National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hua Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Chinese Medicine and Lin-Sen Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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1848
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Xu L, Wang S, Zhuang L, Lin J, Chen H, Zhu X, Bei W, Zhao Q, Wu H, Meng Z. Jian Pi Li Qi Decoction Alleviated Postembolization Syndrome Following Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:349-57. [PMID: 26590124 PMCID: PMC5739181 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415617020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of Jian Pi Li Qi (JPLQ) decoction in improving quality of life of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. A total of 150 patients with HCC were randomly assigned into 3 groups. Groups were designed as follows: neither herbal medicine nor placebo administration (group A), placebo treatment (group B), and JPLQ decoction treatment (group C). The measurement methods of the observed outcomes include MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Gastrointestinal module, armpit temperature, and laboratory tests. Results. Among the 140 patients studied, the 12 symptoms rated as most severe, which characterize postembolization syndrome (PES), were fever, pain, fatigue, nausea, disturbed sleep, distress, lack of appetite, drowsiness, dry mouth, vomiting, constipation, and feeling bloated. All these increased significantly (all P < .05) after TACE; 7 symptoms, including fever, pain, fatigue, lack of appetite, drowsiness, dry mouth, and constipation (all P < .05), were found to be relieved significantly by JPLQ. JPLQ also improved the liver function damage caused by TACE. Conclusion. JPLQ decoction may be an effective modality to relieve PES and protect liver function in patients with HCC after TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Xu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhuang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhua Lin
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenying Bei
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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1849
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Zou W, Wang J, Liu Y. Effect of traditional Chinese medicine for treating human immunodeficiency virus infections and acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Boosting immune and alleviating symptoms. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 22:3-8. [PMID: 26577109 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To respond to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in China, the integration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has important implications in health outcomes, especially in China where the use of TCM is widespread. The National Free TCM Pilot Program for HIV Infected People began in 5 provinces (Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Hubei, and Guangdong) in 2004, and quickly scaled up to 19 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China including some places with high prevalence, 26,276 adults have been treated thus far. Usually, people with HIV infection seek TCM for four main reasons: to enhance immune function, to treat symptoms, to improve quality of life, and to reduce side effects related to medications. Evidences from randomized controlled clinical trials suggested some beneficial effects of use of traditional Chinese herbal medicine for HIV infections and AIDS. More proofs from large, well-designed, rigorous trials is needed to give firm support. Challenges include interaction between herbs and antiretroviral drugs, stigma and discrimination. The Free TCM Program has made considerable progress in providing the necessary alternative care and treatment for HIV-infected people in China, and has strong government support for continued improvement and expansion, establishing and improving a work mechanism integrating Chinese and Western medicines.
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1850
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Li MR, Shi FX, Zhou YX, Li YL, Wang XF, Zhang C, Wang XT, Liu B, Xiao HX, Li LF. Genetic and Epigenetic Diversities Shed Light on Domestication of Cultivated Ginseng (Panax ginseng). Mol Plant 2015; 8:1612-22. [PMID: 26278367 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Chinese ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a medically important herb within Panax and has crucial cultural values in East Asia. As the symbol of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese ginseng has been used as a herbal remedy to restore stamina and capacity in East Asia for thousands of years. To address the evolutionary origin and domestication history of cultivated ginseng, we employed multiple molecular approaches to investigate the genetic structures of cultivated and wild ginseng across their distribution ranges in northeastern Asia. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed that the four cultivated ginseng landraces, COMMON, BIANTIAO, SHIZHU, and GAOLI (also known as Korean ginseng), were not domesticated independently and Fusong Town is likely one of the primary domestication centers. In addition, our results from population genetic and epigenetic analyses demonstrated that cultivated ginseng maintained high levels of genetic and epigenetic diversity, but showed distinct cytosine methylation patterns compared with wild ginseng. The patterns of genetic and epigenetic variation revealed by this study have shed light on the domestication history of cultivated ginseng, which may serve as a framework for future genetic improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China; Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Feng-Xue Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China; Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China; Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ya-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China; Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China; Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xu-Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hong-Xing Xiao
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Lin-Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, #5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China.
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