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Kudo T, Toda T, Ushiki T, Ohi K, Ikarashi N, Ochiai W, Sugiyama K. Differences in the pharmacokinetics of Cyp3a substrates in TSOD and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Xenobiotica 2010; 40:282-90. [PMID: 20163193 DOI: 10.3109/00498251003596809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of drugs can change in diabetes mellitus and even among diabetics. They may differ between type I diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). As triazolam was administered orally to Tsumura, Suzuki, obese, diabetes (TSOD) mice and streptozotocin (STZ) mice, clearance per body (CL/F) in TSOD mice did not differ compared with Tsumura, Suzuki, non-obesity (TSNO) mice. In STZ mice, CL/F was greater than in control mice. Small intestinal cytochrome P450 (Cyp) 3a expression in TSOD mice was significantly lower than in TSNO mice. No significant difference existed in small intestinal Cyp3a expression between STZ mice and control mice. In insulin-treated mice, small intestinal Cyp3a expression was significantly lower than in control mice. These results suggested that the differences in changes in small intestinal Cyp3a expression between T1DM and T2DM may be due to differences in plasma insulin concentrations. This may be a factor in the difference in the drug pharmacokinetics between T2DM and T1DM patients.
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Rovedatti L, Kudo T, Biancheri P, Sarra M, Knowles CH, Rampton DS, Corazza GR, Monteleone G, Di Sabatino A, Macdonald TT. Differential regulation of interleukin 17 and interferon gamma production in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2009; 58:1629-36. [PMID: 19740775 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2009.182170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Interleukin 17 (IL17) is now known to be involved in a number of chronic inflammatory disorders. However, the mechanisms regulating its production in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are still unclear. METHODS Endoscopic biopsies or surgical specimens were taken from inflamed and uninflamed colonic mucosa of 72 patients with IBD (38 with Crohn's disease and 34 with ulcerative colitis), and normal colon of 38 control subjects. IL17 and interferon gamma (IFNgamma) were detected by ELISA in the supernatants of biopsies cultured ex vivo, and anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) incubated with IL12, IL23, IL1beta plus IL6, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), or anti-IL21 neutralising antibody. Intracellular flow cytometry was performed to analyse mucosal Th17 and Th1/Th17 cells. RESULTS IL17 production by organ culture biopsies was higher in IBD inflamed mucosa than IBD uninflamed mucosa and controls, and was equivalent in amount to IFNgamma. Anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated IBD LPMCs produced higher IL17 amounts compared to controls. The percentages of Th17 and Th1/Th17 cells were increased in patients with IBD. IL23 and IL1beta plus IL6 had no effect on IBD LPMC production of IL17; however, IL12 markedly increased IFNgamma production and decreased IL17 production. TGFbeta1 dose-dependently decreased IFNgamma, but had no significant inhibitory effect on IL17 production. Blocking IL21 significantly downregulated IL17 production. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a role for IL12, TGFbeta and IL21 in modulating IL17/IFNgamma production in IBD. The abundant IL17 in inflamed IBD mucosa may help explain the relative lack of efficacy of anti-IFNgamma antibodies in clinical trials of Crohn's disease.
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Kudo T, Shimada T, Toda T, Igeta S, Suzuki W, Ikarashi N, Ochiai W, Ito K, Aburada M, Sugiyama K. Altered expression of CYP in TSOD mice: a model of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:889-902. [DOI: 10.3109/00498250903242592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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79
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Uruga T, Tanida H, Kato K, Furukawa Y, Kudo T, Azumi N. Improvement in XAFS beamline BL01B1 at SPring-8. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/190/1/012041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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80
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Kudo T, Shimada T, Toda T, Igeta S, Suzuki W, Ikarashi N, Ochiai W, Ito K, Aburada M, Sugiyama K. Altered expression of CYP in TSOD mice: a model of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Xenobiotica 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250903242592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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81
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Nakaya K, Oshima T, Kudo T, Aoyagi I, Katori Y, Ota J, Hidaka H, Oda K, Kobayashi T. New treatment for invasive fungal sinusitis: three cases of chronic invasive fungal sinusitis treated with surgery and voriconazole. Auris Nasus Larynx 2009; 37:244-9. [PMID: 19553042 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Invasive fungal sinusitis is a relatively rare disease and can be divided into acute fulminant, chronic, and granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis. The conventional treatment is radical surgery combined with systemic amphotericin B administration, but the poor prognosis and unestablished treatment options require a better therapeutic strategy. We report three cases of chronic invasive fungal sinusitis successfully treated with a combination of surgery and voriconazole, a new antifungal agent, with good responses in all patients. Voriconazole administration could form the basis for a new standard treatment for invasive fungal sinusitis.
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Ohi K, Hashimoto R, Yasuda Y, Kiribayashi M, Iike N, Yoshida T, Azechi M, Ikezawa K, Takahashi H, Morihara T, Ishii R, Tagami S, Iwase M, Okochi M, Kamino K, Kazui H, Tanaka T, Kudo T, Takeda M. TATA Box-Binding Proteingene is associated with risk for schizophrenia, age at onset and prefrontal function. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2009; 8:473-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2009.00497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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83
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Nakano M, Fukuda M, Kudo T, Miyazaki M, Wada Y, Matsuzaki N, Endo H, Handa T. Static and Dynamic Properties of Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:8308-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9017013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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84
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Nakano M, Fukuda M, Kudo T, Matsuzaki N, Azuma T, Sekine K, Endo H, Handa T. Flip-Flop of Phospholipids in Vesicles: Kinetic Analysis with Time-Resolved Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:6745-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900913w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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85
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Fujinami H, Kudo T, Miyazaki T, Hosokawa A, Mihara H, Ando T, Sugiyama T. The modified glucose clearance test: a novel non-invasive method for differentiating non-erosive reflux disease and erosive oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 28:1259-64. [PMID: 18761705 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03842.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired salivary secretion has been reported to cause abnormal acid clearance from the oesophagus in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, few studies have explained the differences between non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive oesophagitis (EO) with respect to salivary secretion. Aim To elucidate these differences, we measured salivary secretion by using the modified glucose clearance test (mGCT). METHODS All subjects completed endoscopic examinations, the frequency scale for the symptoms of GERD questionnaire and the mGCT comprising a resting GCT (measured as RGC time) and a chewing-stimulated GCT (SGC time). RESULTS Resting glucose clearance time was 18.5 min in control group and significantly longer in NERD and EO groups (28.5 and 39.0 min respectively). SGC time was 6.1 min in control group and 7.2 min in NERD group and significantly longer in EO group (10.2 min) than in the control and NERD groups. CONCLUSIONS In the EO group, both resting and stimulated salivary secretions were less than in control group. However, in the NERD group, resting salivary secretion was decreased, but stimulated salivary secretion was similar to that of the control group. Therefore, these results may help in explaining the differences in the pathogenesis of NERD and EO.
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Ara I, Bakir MA, Kudo T. Transfer of Catellatospora koreensis Lee et al. 2000 as Catelliglobosispora koreensis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Catellatospora tsunoense Asano et al. 1989 as Hamadaea tsunoensis gen. nov., comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Catellatospora Asano and Kawamoto 1986 emend. Lee and Hah 2002. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1950-60. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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87
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Thawai C, Tanasupawat S, Kudo T. Micromonospora pattaloongensis sp. nov., isolated from a Thai mangrove forest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1516-21. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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88
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Ara I, Matsumoto A, Bakir MA, Kudo T, Omura S, Takahashi Y. Actinomadura bangladeshensis sp. nov. and Actinomadura chokoriensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1653-9. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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89
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Asano R, Sone Y, Ikoma K, Hayashi H, Nakanishi T, Umetsu M, Katayose Y, Unno M, Kudo T, Kumagai I. Preferential heterodimerization of a bispecific diabody based on a humanized anti-EGFR antibody 528. Protein Eng Des Sel 2008; 21:597-603. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzn037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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90
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Jongrungruangchok S, Tanasupawat S, Kudo T. Micromonospora chaiyaphumensis sp. nov., isolated from Thai soils. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:924-8. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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91
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Oida Y, Izuta H, Oyagi A, Shimazawa M, Kudo T, Imaizumi K, Hara H. Induction of BiP, an ER-resident protein, prevents the neuronal death induced by transient forebrain ischemia in gerbil. Brain Res 2008; 1208:217-24. [PMID: 18395193 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2008] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is caused by the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen, is associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. We evaluated the effect of a selective inducer of immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) (BiP inducer X; BIX) against both tunicamycin-induced cell death (in SH-SY5Y cells) and the effects of global transient forebrain ischemia (in gerbils). BIX significantly induced BiP expression both in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with BIX at 2 or 5 microM reduced the cell death induced by tunicamycin in SH-SY5Y cells. In gerbils subjected to forebrain ischemia, prior treatment with BIX (intracerebroventricular injection at 10 or 40 microg) protected against cell death and decreased TUNEL-positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 subfield. These findings indicate that this selective inducer of BiP could be used to prevent the neuronal damage both in vitro and in vivo.
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Bakir MA, Kudo T, Benno Y. Microbacterium hatanonis sp. nov., isolated as a contaminant of hairspray. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:654-8. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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93
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Kudo T, Kanemoto S, Hara H, Morimoto N, Morihara T, Kimura R, Tabira T, Imaizumi K, Takeda M. A molecular chaperone inducer protects neurons from ER stress. Cell Death Differ 2007; 15:364-75. [PMID: 18049481 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is a defense system for dealing with the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen. Recent reports have shown that ER stress is involved in the pathology of some neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia. In a screen for compounds that induce the ER-mediated chaperone BiP (immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein)/GRP78 (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein), we identified BiP inducer X (BIX). BIX preferentially induced BiP with slight inductions of GRP94 (94 kDa glucose-regulated protein), calreticulin, and C/EBP homologous protein. The induction of BiP mRNA by BIX was mediated by activation of ER stress response elements upstream of the BiP gene, through the ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6) pathway. Pretreatment of neuroblastoma cells with BIX reduced cell death induced by ER stress. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with BIX reduced the area of infarction due to focal cerebral ischemia in mice. In the penumbra of BIX-treated mice, ER stress-induced apoptosis was suppressed, leading to a reduction in the number of apoptotic cells. Considering these results together, it appears that BIX induces BiP to prevent neuronal death by ER stress, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic agent for cerebral diseases caused by ER stress.
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Nakamura H, Inoue Y, Kudo T, Kurihara N, Sugano N, Iwai T. Detection of venous emboli using Doppler ultrasound. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 35:96-101. [PMID: 17913518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To detect emboli in the venous system using a Doppler ultrasound device with embolism detecting software. METHODS Pulmonary embolism (PE) was induced by injecting thrombus through the iliac vein of castrated swine under general anaesthesia. Data recorded from the Doppler system were analysed for high intensity transient signals (HITS) using receiver operating characteristic curves. Four different thrombi (5 or 10mm long and 3 or 5mm in diameter) were then injected to assess the quantitative analysis. RESULTS Thrombus could be detected in the venous system by the Doppler ultrasound device with an embolism detecting function. Appropriate confidence level was 60%. If thrombus were assumed to travel at the maximum flow rate (30 cm/s) in the inferior vena cava, the estimated embolism size was 10.4 S.D. 2.8mm for 3mm and 10.8 S.D. 4.9 mm for 5mm, both of which were close to 10mm. CONCLUSION Thrombi could be detected as high intensity transient signals in the venous system. The appropriate confidence level was 60%. The size of emboli can be estimated if they are more than 3mm in diameter when the venous flow rate is 30 cm/s or less. Our results suggest that it may be possible to detect emboli in the subclavian vein, axillary vein or inferior vena cava in clinical cases.
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Noda S, Kitade O, Inoue T, Kawai M, Kanuka M, Hiroshima K, Hongoh Y, Constantino R, Uys V, Zhong J, Kudo T, Ohkuma M. Cospeciation in the triplex symbiosis of termite gut protists (Pseudotrichonympha spp.), their hosts, and their bacterial endosymbionts. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:1257-66. [PMID: 17391411 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A number of cophylogenetic relationships between two organisms namely a host and a symbiont or parasite have been studied to date; however, organismal interactions in nature usually involve multiple members. Here, we investigated the cospeciation of a triplex symbiotic system comprising a hierarchy of three organisms -- termites of the family Rhinotermitidae, cellulolytic protists of the genus Pseudotrichonympha in the guts of these termites, and intracellular bacterial symbionts of the protists. The molecular phylogeny was inferred based on two mitochondrial genes for the termites and nuclear small-subunit rRNA genes for the protists and their endosymbionts, and these were compared. Although intestinal microorganisms are generally considered to have looser associations with the host than intracellular symbionts, the Pseudotrichonympha protists showed almost complete codivergence with the host termites, probably due to strict transmissions by proctodeal trophallaxis or coprophagy based on the social behaviour of the termites. Except for one case, the endosymbiotic bacteria of the protists formed a monophyletic lineage in the order Bacteroidales, and the branching pattern was almost identical to those of the protists and the termites. However, some non-codivergent evolutionary events were evident. The members of this triplex symbiotic system appear to have cospeciated during their evolution with minor exceptions; the evolutionary relationships were probably established by termite sociality and the complex microbial community in the gut.
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Tateda M, Kudo T, Hasegawa J, Sagai S, Miyazaki M, Nakanome A, Oda K, Yoshida N, Kobayashi T. [Management of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis: evaluation of 6 cases]. NIHON JIBIINKOKA GAKKAI KAIHO 2007; 110:453-60. [PMID: 17633114 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.110.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Unlike other advanced nations, secondary spread of tuberculosis still occurs in Japan. Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is still an important disease of the neck, and between 2001 to 2005, we treated 6 patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. All 6 patients were females, and their ages ranged from 28 to 77 years old (average: 62 years). One patient had received antitubercular chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis 40 years earlier. Two patients had a family history of pulmonary tuberculosis. One patient was an immigrant from Thailand. Three patients underwent open biopsy of the cervical lymph node, and were diagnosed with tuberculosis histologically. The remaining three patients had an abscess, and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy was performed. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was made by detection of acid-fast bacilli, MTD (Mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test), PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and culture. All six patients were treated with antitubercular chemotherapy for 6-9 months and recovered. MTD and PCR of the FNA sample seemed to enable early treatment. Attention needs to be paid to countries around Japan where tuberculosis is spreading. We suggest that treatment should be performed while at the same time making an effort to grasp the trend of spread in other countries as well as Japan.
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Kudo T, Iihara K, Satow T, Murao K, Miyamoto S. Incidence of Ischemic Complications after Endovascular Treatment for Ruptured Dissecting Vertebral Artery Aneurysms. Comparison between Those Arising Proximal to and Distal to the Origin of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery. Interv Neuroradiol 2007; 13 Suppl 1:157-62. [PMID: 20566095 DOI: 10.1177/15910199070130s124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY We analyzed the incidence of ischemic complications after internal trapping for ruptured VA dissecting aneurysms. Between April 2001 and August 2005, nine cases of ruptured VA dissecting aneurysms, five in women, "proximal" or distal (distal type) to the origin of the PICA, were treated by internal trapping in the acute stage after SAH. There were four cases of proximal type and five of distal type. The demographics of the patients were reviewed in the medical charts and radiological findings were evaluated by neuroradiologists. The dissected site was completely obliterated and PICA was preserved in all cases. Follow-up angiography performed five to 19 days after treatment revealed complete obliteration of the aneurysm and patency of the PICA. The incidence of perioprocedural ischemic complications for the PICA-distal type (75%) was higher than that for the PICA-proximal type (20%). Here we retrospectively analyzed and discussed the incidence and mechanisms of ischemic complications.
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98
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Morimoto N, Oida Y, Shimazawa M, Miura M, Kudo T, Imaizumi K, Hara H. Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. Neuroscience 2007; 147:957-67. [PMID: 17590517 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Revised: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an important role in ischemic neuronal cell death. ER stress-related markers [immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP)/glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, activating transcription factor-4 (ATF-4), and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP)] in the striatum and the cortex were investigated after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Using endoplasmic reticulum stress-activated indicator (ERAI) transgenic mice, which show splicing of X-box protein 1 (XBP-1) mRNA as green fluorescence, we monitored the regional changes in fluorescence after MCAO. BiP mRNA (by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] analysis) was increased in the cortex at 6 h. In immunohistochemical and/or Western blot analysis, the expressions of ER stress-related markers (BiP, ATF-4, and CHOP) were increased in the infarct region, more strongly in the cortex than in the striatum. ERAI fluorescence was observed in the ischemic area starting from 6 and 12 h, respectively, after MCAO, with the peaks at 1 day and the fluorescence co-localized with the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-visible extension of brain infarction. These findings suggest that permanent MCAO induces expression of ER-stress related genes mainly in the periphery of the MCA territory.
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99
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Nakano M, Fukuda M, Kudo T, Endo H, Handa T. Determination of interbilayer and transbilayer lipid transfers by time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:238101. [PMID: 17677937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.238101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We applied a time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering technique to the vesicle system of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine for the first time to determine lipid kinetics. The observed kinetics could be explicitly represented by a simple model that includes two independent kinetic parameters, i.e., the rates of transbilayer and interbilayer exchange. This technique is perfectly suited for the determination of lipid exchange kinetics in equilibrium and applicable to evaluation of the activity of the factors relevant to lipid migration, such as translocase and lipid transfer proteins.
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100
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Kudo T, Akasaka M, Gordon MS. Ab initio molecular orbital study of the insertion of H2 into POSS compounds. Theor Chem Acc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-007-0304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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