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Affiliation(s)
- C. Wilson
- SIBS; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow United Kingdom
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202
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Ma Z, Zhong SH, Wilson C, Flombaum J. Multiple object tracking explained with neither fixed nor flexible resources. J Vis 2015. [DOI: 10.1167/15.12.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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203
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Check J, Wilson C, Levine K, Cohen R, Corley D. Improved implantation and live delivered pregnancy rates following transfer of embryos derived from donor oocytes by single injection of leuprolide in mid-luteal phase. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog1966.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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204
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Check J, Wilson C, Cohen R, Choe J, Corley D. Mid-luteal phase injection of subcutaneous leuprolide acetate improves live delivered pregnancy and implantation rates in younger women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog1962.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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205
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Gorman A, Seabrook G, Brakken A, Dubois M, Marn C, Wilson C, Jacobson D, Liu Y. WE-G-204-08: Optimized Digital Radiographic Technique for Lost Surgical Devices/Needle Identification. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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206
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Stevens K, Weaver D, Grainer M, Bradley A, Wilson C, Ballard T, Sharma N. Circulating Levels of Key Myokines and Cytokines Immediately After Treadmill Exercise in Rats Fed Low‐fat or High‐fat Diets. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.824.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Stevens
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Danielle Weaver
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Megan Grainer
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Adrienne Bradley
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Colin Wilson
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Tyler Ballard
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Health SciencesCentral Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMIUnited States
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207
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Doshi T, Grose D, MacKenzie K, Wilson C, Soraghan J, Petropoulakis L, Di Caterina G. OC-0563: MRI based 3D reconstruction of pharyngeal cancer to aid clinical oncologists in radiotherapy treatment planning. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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208
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Wilson C, Agafonov RV, Hoemberger M, Kutter S, Zorba A, Halpin J, Buosi V, Otten R, Waterman D, Theobald DL, Kern D. Kinase dynamics. Using ancient protein kinases to unravel a modern cancer drug's mechanism. Science 2015; 347:882-6. [PMID: 25700521 PMCID: PMC4405104 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecular function is rooted in energy landscapes, where sequence determines not a single structure but an ensemble of conformations. Hence, evolution modifies a protein's function by altering its energy landscape. Here, we recreate the evolutionary pathway between two modern human oncogenes, Src and Abl, by reconstructing their common ancestors. Our evolutionary reconstruction combined with x-ray structures of the common ancestor and pre-steady-state kinetics reveals a detailed atomistic mechanism for selectivity of the successful cancer drug Gleevec. Gleevec affinity is gained during the evolutionary trajectory toward Abl and lost toward Src, primarily by shifting an induced-fit equilibrium that is also disrupted in the clinical T315I resistance mutation. This work reveals the mechanism of Gleevec specificity while offering insights into how energy landscapes evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Wilson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - R. V. Agafonov
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - M. Hoemberger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - S. Kutter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - A. Zorba
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - J. Halpin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - V. Buosi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - R. Otten
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - D. Waterman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - D. L. Theobald
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
| | - D. Kern
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA
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Abstract
Previous research on the perception, recognition, and learning of sounds and words has identified diverse effects of phonetic variation. The present study examined how variation affects cross-language production of consonant clusters. American English speakers shadowed words beginning with nonnative clusters in low- and high-variability conditions. Shadowing responses in the low-variability condition were quite sensitive to fine-grained phonetic properties that were manipulated across the stimuli. Notably, longer stop bursts led to increased rates of epenthesis, lower burst amplitudes resulted in more feature change and deletion, and intense periods of voicing at cluster onset elicited prothetic responses. Sensitivity to the acoustic manipulations was substantially attenuated in the high-variability condition, which combined stimuli from the first condition with baseline productions of the same items from two additional talkers. Detailed analyses of the response patterns indicate that more stable production targets in the high-variability condition resulted from integration, or blending, of the multiple talker stimuli. Implications of these findings for language-specific speech processing and the role of phonetic variability in second language acquisition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Davidson
- Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003
| | - Sean Martin
- Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003
| | - Colin Wilson
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, 237 Krieger Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
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Check JH, Wilson C, Cohen R, Choe JK, Corley D. Mid-luteal phase injection of subcutaneous leuprolide acetate improves live delivered pregnancy and implantation rates in younger women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015; 42:427-428. [PMID: 26411204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To see if the single injection of one mg of the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) leuprolide acetate given in the mid-luteal phase can increase live delivered pregnancy and implantation rates. Furthermore the purpose was to determine if improvement was found, did the mechanism involve increased secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was conducted in women aged 35 who were undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). They were advised of data from Tesarik et al. and a previous pilot study conducted in the present IVF center showing improved pregnancy rates with the injection of a GnRHa three days after embryo transfer. They were offered the option of returning for a one-mg injection s.c. of leuprolide acetate or not. Clinical and live delivered pregnancy rates were compared according to those taking or not the leuprolide acetate one-mg injection. Chi-square analysis was used for statistical comparisons. Serum beta-hCG levels were compared between those conceiving with or without the extra injection of leuprolide. RESULTS There was a non-significant trend for higher live delivered pregnancy rates in those taking leuprolide (47.8%, 64/134) vs. those not taking it (38.6%, 76/197). For those pregnant there was no difference in hCG levels according to taking the GnRHa or not. CONCLUSIONS The 25% increased live delivered pregnancy rate per transfer was insufficiently powered to detect a significant difference. The results do justify continuing the study. Perhaps the difference could be wider using a slightly older age group whose embryos are frequently less hearty.
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Check JH, Wilson C, Levine K, Cohen R, Corley D. Improved implantation and live delivered pregnancy rates following transfer of embryos derived from donor oocytes by single injection of leuprolide in mid-luteal phase. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015; 42:429-430. [PMID: 26411205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if the use of a single injection of one-mg leuprolide acetate in mid-luteal phase can increase pregnancy rates in donor oocyte recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective study where couples were made aware of a study using the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) triptorelin that in the mid-luteal phase found improved pregnancy rates following embryo transfer in donor oocyte recipients. They were given the option of a single one-mg injection of the GnRHa leuprolide acetate. Pregnancy outcome was compared according to whether leuprolide was given or not. Also compared were the average first serum beta-hCG level in those who conceived according to taking leuprolide or not. RESULTS Chi-square analysis showed a significantly higher clinical and live delivered pregnancy rate (63.9% and 52.8%) in those supplementing with leuprolide than those who did not (39.5% and 32.9%). Similarly implantation rates were significantly higher (44.2% vs. 25.2%). The average first serum beta-hCG level for those conceiving and taking leuprolide was 294 mIU/mL vs. 325 mIU/mL for those who did not. CONCLUSIONS Similar to triptorelin the mid-luteal injection of leuprolide acetate improves pregnancy outcome in donor oocyte recipients.
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212
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Del Prato S, Camisasca R, Wilson C, Fleck P. Durability of the efficacy and safety of alogliptin compared with glipizide in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 2-year study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:1239-46. [PMID: 25132212 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the long-term durability of the efficacy of alogliptin compared with glipizide in combination with metformin in people with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on stable-dose metformin. METHODS This multicentre, double-blind, active-controlled study randomized 2639 patients aged 18-80 years to 104 weeks of treatment with metformin in addition to alogliptin 12.5 mg once daily (n = 880), alogliptin 25 mg once daily (n = 885) or glipizide 5 mg once daily, titrated to a maximum of 20 mg (n = 874). The primary endpoint was least square mean change from baseline in HbA1c level at 104 weeks. RESULTS The mean patient age was 55.4 years, the mean diabetes duration was 5.5 years and the mean baseline HbA1c was 7.6%. HbA1c reductions at week 104 were -0.68%, -0.72% and -0.59% for alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg and glipizide, respectively [both doses met the criteria for non-inferiority to glipizide (p<0.001); alogliptin 25 mg met superiority criteria (p=0.010)]. Fasting plasma glucose concentration decreased by 0.05 and 0.18 mmol/l for alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg, respectively, and increased by 0.30 mmol/l for glipizide (p < 0.001 for both comparisons with glipizide). Mean weight changes were -0.68, -0.89 and 0.95 kg for alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg and glipizide, respectively (p < 0.001 for both comparisons with glipizide). Hypoglycaemia occurred in 23.2% of patients in the glipizide group vs. 2.5 and 1.4% of patients in the alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg groups, respectively. Pancreatitis occurred in one patient in the alogliptin 25 mg group and three in the glipizide group. CONCLUSIONS Alogliptin efficacy was sustained over 2 years in patients with inadequate glycaemic control on metformin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Del Prato
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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213
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Abstract
Voicing contrasts in stop consonants are expressed by a constellation of acoustic cues. This study focused on a spectral cue present at burst onset in American English labial and coronal stops. Spectral shape was examined for word-initial, prevocalic stops of all three places of articulation in a laboratory production study and a large corpus of continuous read speech. Voiceless labial and coronal stops were found to have greater energy at higher frequencies in comparison to homorganic voiced stops, a difference that could not be attributed to aspiration in the voiceless stops or modal phonation in the voiced, while no consistent effect was found for dorsal stops. This pattern was found with various methods of spectral estimation (time-averaged and multitaper spectra) and measures of spectral energy concentration (center of gravity and spectral peak) for both linear and auditorily based frequency scales. Perceptual relevance of the spectral cue was tested in laboratory and online experiments with continua created by crossing burst shape and voice onset time. A trading relation was observed such that voiceless identifications were more likely for tokens with higher frequency bursts. Goodness ratings indicated that burst spectrum influences category typicality for voiceless stops even when voice onset time is unambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Chodroff
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Colin Wilson
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
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214
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Olar A, Wani K, Mansouri A, Zadeh G, Wilson C, DeMonte F, Fuller G, Jones D, Pfister S, von Deimling A, Sulman E, Aldape K. EG-09 * EPIGENETIC PROFILING REVEALS A CpG HYPERMETHYLATION PHENOTYPE (CIMP) ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL IN MENINGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou254.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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215
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Zhong SH, Ma Z, Wilson C, Liu Y, Flombaum JI. Why do people appear not to extrapolate trajectories during multiple object tracking? A computational investigation. J Vis 2014; 14:14.12.12. [PMID: 25311300 DOI: 10.1167/14.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intuitively, extrapolating object trajectories should make visual tracking more accurate. This has proven to be true in many contexts that involve tracking a single item. But surprisingly, when tracking multiple identical items in what is known as "multiple object tracking," observers often appear to ignore direction of motion, relying instead on basic spatial memory. We investigated potential reasons for this behavior through probabilistic models that were endowed with perceptual limitations in the range of typical human observers, including noisy spatial perception. When we compared a model that weights its extrapolations relative to other sources of information about object position, and one that does not extrapolate at all, we found no reliable difference in performance, belying the intuition that extrapolation always benefits tracking. In follow-up experiments we found this to be true for a variety of models that weight observations and predictions in different ways; in some cases we even observed worse performance for models that use extrapolations compared to a model that does not at all. Ultimately, the best performing models either did not extrapolate, or extrapolated very conservatively, relying heavily on observations. These results illustrate the difficulty and attendant hazards of using noisy inputs to extrapolate the trajectories of multiple objects simultaneously in situations with targets and featurally confusable nontargets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Zhong
- Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Colin Wilson
- Department of Cognitive Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Computing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jonathan I Flombaum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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216
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Abbate V, Kicman AT, Evans-Brown M, McVeigh J, Cowan DA, Wilson C, Coles SJ, Walker CJ. Anabolic steroids detected in bodybuilding dietary supplements - a significant risk to public health. Drug Test Anal 2014; 7:609-18. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Abbate
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science; King's College London; Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK
| | - A. T. Kicman
- Drug Control Centre, King's College London; Franklin-Wilkins Building; 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK
| | - M. Evans-Brown
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; Lisbon Portugal
| | - J. McVeigh
- Centre for Public Health; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool L3 2ET UK
| | - D. A. Cowan
- Drug Control Centre, King's College London; Franklin-Wilkins Building; 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK
| | - C. Wilson
- EPSRC UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry; University of Southampton; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - S. J. Coles
- EPSRC UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry; University of Southampton; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - C. J. Walker
- Drug Control Centre, King's College London; Franklin-Wilkins Building; 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK
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217
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Henwood P, Genthon A, Berversluis D, Wilson C, Norwood B, Romero M, Martinez Y, Ocampo A, Vallejo C, Arbelaez C. Understanding the emerging role of ultrasound in Colombian emergency
medicine residency training. Ann Glob Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2014.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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218
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Cummings B, Wilson C. British sub-aqua club (BSAX) diving incidents report 2013. Diving Hyperb Med 2014; 44:170-171. [PMID: 25872232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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219
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Bae GY, Olkkonen M, Allred S, Wilson C, Flombaum J. Models of color working memory with color perception as a variable. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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220
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Menendez JA, Bae GY, Wilson C, Flombaum J. Deriving configuration effects in spatial working memory from rational correspondence. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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221
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Zhong SH, Ma Z, Wilson C, Flombaum J. Kalman filter models of multiple-object tracking within an attentional window. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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222
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Muñoz-Manchado AB, Foldi C, Szydlowski S, Sjulson L, Farries M, Wilson C, Silberberg G, Hjerling-Leffler J. Novel Striatal GABAergic Interneuron Populations Labeled in the 5HT3a(EGFP) Mouse. Cereb Cortex 2014; 26:96-105. [PMID: 25146369 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological and morphological studies indicate that approximately 5% of striatal neurons are cholinergic or γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) interneurons (gINs). However, the number of striatal neurons expressing known interneuron markers is too small to account for the entire interneuron population. We therefore studied the serotonin (5HT) receptor 3a-enhanced green fluorescent protein (5HT3a(EGFP)) mouse, in which we found that a large number of striatal gINs are labeled. Roughly 20% of 5HT3a(EGFP)-positive cells co-express parvalbumin and exhibit fast-spiking (FS) electrophysiological properties. However, the majority of labeled neurons do not overlap with known molecular interneuron markers. Intrinsic electrical properties reveal at least 2 distinct novel subtypes: a late-spiking (LS) neuropeptide-Y (NPY)-negative neurogliaform (NGF) interneuron, and a large heterogeneous population with several features resembling low-threshold-spiking (LTS) interneurons that do not express somatostatin, NPY, or neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Although the 5HT3a(EGFP) NGF and LTS-like interneurons have electrophysiological properties similar to previously described populations, they are pharmacologically distinct. In direct contrast to previously described NPY(+) LTS and NGF cells, LTS-like 5HT3a(EGFP) cells show robust responses to nicotine administration, while the 5HT3a(EGFP) NGF cell type shows little or no response. By constructing a molecular map of the overlap between these novel populations and existing interneuron populations, we are able to reconcile the morphological and molecular estimates of striatal interneuron numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Foldi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
| | - S Szydlowski
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Sjulson
- Department of Psychiatry.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Farries
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - C Wilson
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - G Silberberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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223
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Asher J, Vasdev N, Wyrley-Birch H, Wilson C, Soomro N, Rix D, Jaques B, Manas D, Torpey N, Talbot D. A Prospective Randomised Paired Trial of Sirolimus versus Tacrolimus as Primary Immunosuppression following Non-Heart Beating Donor Kidney Transplantation. Curr Urol 2014. [PMID: 26195946 DOI: 10.1159/000365671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With calcineurin inhibitors potentiating damage from ischaemia-reperfusion injury in kidneys from donors after cardiac death we wanted to investigate the role of substituting sirolimus for tacrolimus in the delayed introduction of calcineurin inhibitor regime used in our centre. METHOD A prospective randomised paired open-label study was performed taking pairs of kidneys from each donor and randomising one to a tacrolimus-based regime and the other to a similar regime based on sirolimus. Graft function at one year was the primary endpoint. RESULTS Total 31 pairs of kidneys were randomised to each group, with 19 pairs of recipients available for analysis after post-randomisation study exclusions. Despite a higher incidence of biopsy proven acute rejection in the sirolimus group, renal allograft function was similar in both groups at three-monthly intervals up to one year post-transplant. All episodes of acute rejection in the sirolimus group occurred in the first three months. Graft and patient survival at one year was 100% in the tacrolimus group, with one death with functioning graft in the sirolimus group (95% survival). Unfortunately, 10 of the 19 patients in the sirolimus arm required switch of medication to tacrolimus due to acute rejection or intolerable drug side effects. CONCLUSIONS Graft survival and function were very similar in the two groups despite the higher rate of acute rejection in the sirolimus arm, raising the possibility that the damage done by acute rejection was adequately offset by the nephron-sparing effect of sirolimus compared to tacrolimus. Sirolimus may have a role as a longer-term maintenance immunosuppressant after initial treatment with a different agent such as tacrolimus or belatacept.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Asher
- Renal Transplant Unit, Western Infirmary, Glasgow
| | - Nikhil Vasdev
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hugh Wyrley-Birch
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Colin Wilson
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Naeem Soomro
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Rix
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bryon Jaques
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek Manas
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas Torpey
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Talbot
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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224
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Loveday J, Bull C, Frantzana A, Wilson C, Amos D, Nelmes R. Gas hydrates at high pressure. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273314090998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The behaviour of gas hydrates at high pressure is of wide interest and importance. Gas hydrates are stablised by water-gas repulsive interactions. Information on the effect of changing density on these water-gas interactions provides fundamental insight into the nature of the water potential. Gas hydrates are also widely found in nature and systems like the ammonia-water and methane-water systems form the basis of 'mineralogy' of planetary bodies like Saturn's moon Titan. Finally, gas hydrates offer the possibility of cheap environmentally inert transportation and storage for gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen. We have been carrying out investigations of a range of gas hydrates at high pressure using neutron and x-ray diffraction as well as other techniques. Results from these studies including; the phase diagram of the ammonia water system, the occupancies of hexgonal clathrate structures, and new structures in the carbon dioxide water system, will be presented.
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Morris TG, Wilson C, Ohanian V, Canfield AE, Ohanian J. P710Differential regulation of vascular calcification by neutral and acid sphingomyelinases. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pratley RE, Fleck P, Wilson C. Efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with alogliptin plus metformin versus either as monotherapy in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, 6-month study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:613-21. [PMID: 24400655 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin plus metformin (A + M) initial combination therapy versus either as monotherapy in drug-naïve T2DM patients. METHODS This international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 26-week study involved T2DM patients with hyperglycaemia (HbA1c 7.5-10.0%) following diet/exercise therapy. Patients (N = 784) received placebo, alogliptin (A, 12.5 mg BID or 25 mg QD), metformin (M, 500 or 1000 mg BID) or A + M (12.5/500 or 12.5/1000 mg BID); placebo, A25 for secondary analyses only. ENDPOINTS week 26 changes from baseline in HbA1c (primary), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h postprandial glucose (PPG); incidences of clinical response and hyperglycaemic rescue. RESULTS Week 26 mean HbA1c reductions from baseline (8.45%) were -1.22 and -1.55% with A + M 12.5/500 and 12.5/1000 versus -0.56, -0.65, and -1.11% with A12.5, M500 and M1000 (p<0.001, A + M vs. component monotherapies). FPG reductions were -1.76 and -2.55 mmol/L with 12.5/500 and 12.5/1000 versus -0.54, -0.64 and -1.78 mmol/L with A12.5, M500 and M1000 (p < 0.05, A + M vs. component monotherapies). Significantly more A + M-treated patients achieved HbA1c < 7% (47.1-59.5% vs. 20.2-34.3% with monotherapy), significantly fewer required hyperglycaemic rescue (2.6-12.3% vs. 10.8-22.9% with monotherapy). A + M caused only mild/moderate hypoglycaemia (1.9-5.3%) and weight loss (0.6-1.2 kg). CONCLUSIONS Alogliptin plus metformin initial combination therapy was well tolerated yet more efficacious in controlling glycaemia in drug-naïve T2DM patients than either as monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Pratley
- Florida Hospital, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
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Blazeby JM, Strong S, Donovan JL, Wilson C, Hollingworth W, Crosby T, Nicklin J, Falk SJ, Barham CP, Hollowood AD, Streets CG, Titcomb D, Krysztopik R, Griffin SM, Brookes ST. Feasibility RCT of definitive chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy and surgery for oesophageal squamous cell cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:234-40. [PMID: 24921919 PMCID: PMC4102950 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The optimal treatment for localised oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is uncertain. We assessed the feasibility of an RCT comparing neoadjuvant treatment and surgery with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Methods: A feasibility RCT in three centres examined incident patients and reasons for ineligibility using multi-disciplinary team meeting records. Eligible patients were offered participation in the RCT with integrated qualitative research involving audio-recorded recruitment appointments and interviews with patients to inform recruitment training for staff. Results: Of 375 patients with oesophageal SCC, 42 (11.2%) were eligible. Reasons for eligibility varied between centres, with significantly differing proportions of patients excluded because of total tumour length (P=0.002). Analyses of audio-recordings and patient interviews showed that recruiters had challenges articulating the trial design in simple terms, balancing treatment arms and explaining the need for randomisation. Before analyses of the qualitative data and recruiter training no patients were randomised. Following training in one centre 5 of 16 eligible patients were randomised. Conclusions: An RCT of surgical vs non-surgical treatment for SCC of the oesophagus is not feasible in the UK alone because of the low number of incident eligible patients. A trial comparing diverse treatment approaches may be possible with investment to support the recruitment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Blazeby
- 1] Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK [2] Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - S Strong
- 1] Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK [2] Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - J L Donovan
- Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - C Wilson
- Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - W Hollingworth
- Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - T Crosby
- Velindre NHS Trust, Unit 2 Charnwood Court, Cardiff CF14 2TL, UK
| | - J Nicklin
- Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - S J Falk
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - C P Barham
- Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - A D Hollowood
- Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - C G Streets
- Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - D Titcomb
- Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - R Krysztopik
- 1] Division of Surgery, Head & Neck, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK [2] Royal United Hospital Bath, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK
| | - S M Griffin
- Northern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - S T Brookes
- Centre of Surgical Research, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
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Abstract
In a series of six experiments, the ability of specific neurotransmitter antagonists to alter the 'transport response' was investigated in 19-day-old rat pups. The serotonergic blocker, methysergide, and the cholinergic blocker, scopolamine, did not produce any consistent changes in the intensity of the response. Likewise, the opiate receptor blocker, naloxone, was without effect. Large, dose-dependent decreases in transport response intensity were seen with administration of the beta-noradrenergic receptor blocker, propranolol, and with administration of the dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol. The alphanoradrenergic receptor blocker, phentolamine, produced inconsistent changes in the response. These results indicate a central catecholaminergic involvement in the transport response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, U.S.A
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Martin M, Zingg W, Knoll E, Wilson C, Dettenkofer M. National European guidelines for the prevention of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic qualitative review. J Hosp Infect 2014; 87:212-9. [PMID: 24957805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile is the most frequent infectious cause of nosocomial diarrhoea and a major topic in infection prevention. AIM To overview current national European guidelines for C. difficile infection (CDI) prevention and review the recommendations in respect of their evidence base and conformity to each other and the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) guidance. METHODS In 34 European countries, the ECDC healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) surveillance National Contact Points and other HCAI experts (NCPs) were invited to complete an online questionnaire and to supply their guidelines. Guidelines not available in English, French or German were translated into English. For the qualitative analysis, a matrix with key measures based on the 2008 ECDC guidance was established. The review process was conducted independently by two reviewers. RESULTS All 34 NCPs responded to the questionnaire and supplied 15 guidelines in total. Six of 34 (18%) countries reported having used the ECDC guidance as a basis for the development or revision of their national guideline. There was wide variation in the scope and detailing. Only six of the documents and the ECDC guidance supplied a rating for the strength of recommendations. The rating systems varied in how the categories were defined. Furthermore, the stated strength for similar measures varied across different guidelines. CONCLUSION The ECDC guidance has not yet had a strong influence on the development or revision of national CDI prevention guidelines. One possible explanation for the variations is the necessity to adapt recommendations to national conditions. The use of internationally recognized instruments for the development of guidelines could help to improve their quality. Recommendations about monitoring or auditing the implementation would make them more useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martin
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - W Zingg
- University of Geneva Hospitals, Infection Control Programme, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Knoll
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Wilson
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Dettenkofer
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany
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Vandenbroucke RE, Vanlaere I, Van Hauwermeiren F, Van Wonterghem E, Wilson C, Libert C. Pro-inflammatory effects of matrix metalloproteinase 7 in acute inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:579-88. [PMID: 24129163 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2013.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) is a member of the MMP family. In the small intestine, MMP7 is responsible for activating α-defensins, which are broad-spectrum anti-microbial peptides produced by the Paneth cells. We report that MMP7(-/-) mice are resistant to LPS-induced lethality and that this resistance is correlated with reduced levels of systemic cytokines. LPS induced the upregulation and activation of MMP7 in the small intestine, degranulation of the Paneth cells, and induction of intestinal permeability in MMP7(+/+) mice. In MMP7(-/-) mice, both LPS-induced intestinal permeability and consequent bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes were reduced. Based on gene expression analysis and evaluation of intestinal damage, we attribute the protected state of MMP7(-/-) mice to reduced intestinal inflammation. Interestingly, we found that different α-defensins, namely Crp1 (DEFA1) and Crp4 (DEFA4), can stimulate IL-6 release in macrophages and ileum explants in a TLR4 independent way. We conclude that absence of MMP7 protects mice from LPS-induced intestinal permeability and lethality, and suggest that MMP7-activated α-defensins, in addition to their previously recognized bactericidal and anti-inflammatory roles, may exhibit pro-inflammatory activities in the intestine by activating macrophages and amplifying the local inflammatory response in the gut, leading to intestinal leakage and subsequent increase in systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Vandenbroucke
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - I Vanlaere
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Van Hauwermeiren
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Van Wonterghem
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C Wilson
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - C Libert
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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Shephard M, Thakrar P, Venda Nova C, Pinder D, Wilson C, Hodgson T. OI0265 Demographic changes in oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses over a 9-year period. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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232
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Bae GY, Olkkonen M, Allred SR, Wilson C, Flombaum JI. Stimulus-specific variability in color working memory with delayed estimation. J Vis 2014; 14:14.4.7. [DOI: 10.1167/14.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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233
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Pedlow K, Lennon S, Wilson C. Application of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Clinical Practice: An Online Survey. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:276-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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234
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Check J, Cohen R, Wilson C, Corley D, Dietterich C. Very Thin Endometria in the Late Proliferative Phase Is More Associated with Poor Pregnancy Rates Following Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation Than Graduated Estradiol Regimens Used for Frozen Embryo Transfer. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aydin S, Ash Z, Tinazzi I, Castillo-Gallego C, Kwok C, Wilson C, Goodfield M, Gisondi P, Tan A, Marzo-Ortega H, Emery P, Wakefield R, McGonagle D. SAT0313 The link between enthesitis and arthritis in psoriatic arthritis: A switch to a vascular phenotype at insertions may play a role in arthritis development. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wett B, Takács I, Batstone D, Wilson C, Murthy S. Anaerobic model for high-solids or high-temperature digestion - additional pathway of acetate oxidation. Water Sci Technol 2014; 69:1634-1640. [PMID: 24759522 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Current anaerobic digestion models cannot properly simulate processes that are operated under high solids concentrations or high temperatures. A modification to existing models has been implemented by adding important missing degradation pathways, to accommodate these systems without artificially recalibrating the model parameters. Specifically, we implemented the alternate acetate oxidizing mechanism that is more tolerant to ammonia than the standard aceticlastic pathway. Inhibition values were estimated and an empirical function has been used to apply ammonia inhibition. The model also relates metabolic activity to un-ionised species such as undissociated acetic acid as substrate (although not obligatory for all organisms) and unionised ammonia as inhibitor. The model relies on an equilibrium chemistry module (e.g. including the phosphate buffer), resulting in more accurate pH predictions, which is crucial for proper modeling of CO2 and NH3 stripping. Calibration results from three case-studies modeling thermal hydrolysis and subsequent digestion of sludge are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wett
- ARAconsult, Unterbergerstr.1, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria E-mail:
| | - I Takács
- Dynamita, 66 bis Avenue du Parc d'Espagne, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - C Wilson
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - S Murthy
- DC Water, DWT, 5000 Overlook Ave, SW Washington, DC 20032, USA
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Sverzellati N, Lynch DA, Pistolesi M, Kauczor HU, Grenier PA, Wilson C, Crapo JD. PHYSIOLOGIC AND QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CENTRILOBULAR AND PANLOBULAR EMPHYSEMA IN COPD. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2014; 1:125-132. [PMID: 26029738 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.1.1.2014.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose was to define the differences between centrilobular (CLE) and panlobular emphysema (PLE) phenotypes in cigarette smokers with COPD by a combined qualitative-quantitative computed tomography (CT) analysis. METHODS Chest CT scans of 116 cigarette smokers were visually scored by 22 chest radiologists and 29 pulmonologists in a single setting for the predominant emphysema phenotype (e.g. CLE or PLE) and automatically quantified for emphysema{% low attenuation area (LAA) ≤ -950 HU - %LAAinsp-950, gas trapping extent and bronchial metrics{wall area % for segmental (%WAsegm) and subsegmental (%WAsubsegm) bronchi}. These quantitative CT indexes were compared and related to FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and smoking history as stratified for emphysema phenotype. RESULTS Although more frequent than CLE in GOLD stages 3 and 4 (p = 0.01), PLE was also scored in 38.2% of combined GOLD stages 1 and 2. PLE was positively associated with %LAAinsp-950 (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.27, β coefficient = 0.17, p = <0.0001) and negatively associated with pack-years of smoking (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95 to 0.99, β coefficient = -0.02, p = 0.03). Both %WAsegm and %WAsubsegm were more strongly associated with FEV1% (R2 = 0.6 for both measures, p< 0.001) in CLE as compared to PLE (R2= 0.15, p = 0.02; R2 = 0.26, p< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PLE likely represents a more advanced phase of emphysema, which may also occur in earlier COPD stages and show different interplay with airway disease as compared to CLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Sverzellati
- Department of Surgery, Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - David A Lynch
- Division of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, USA
| | - Massimo Pistolesi
- Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Clinic Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P A Grenier
- Service de Radiologie Polyvalente, Diagnostique and Interventionelle, Hospital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - C Wilson
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewisj Health, Denver, Denver, USA
| | - J D Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, USA
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Goon P, Morrison V, Fearnhead N, Davies J, Wilson C, Jephcott C, Sterling J, Crawford R. High resolution anoscopy may be useful in achieving reductions in anal cancer local disease failure rates. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2013; 24:411-6. [PMID: 24373061 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anal cancer is uncommon, with an incidence rate of 0.5-1.0 per 100,000 of the population but incidence rates have been steadily increasing over the last 3 decades. Biological and epidemiological evidence have been mounting and demonstrate that anal cancer has many similarities to cervical cancer, especially in regard to its aetiology. High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) of the anal region – analogous to colposcopy of the cervix, is a technique that is not well-known in the medical and surgical fraternity. Evidence to support the use of HRA for detection and treatment in the surveillance of AIN exists and strongly suggests that it is beneficial, resulting in reduced rates of cancer progression. Pilot data from our study showed a local disease failure rate of 1.73 per 1000 patient-months compared with a published rate of 9.89 per 1000 patient-months. This demonstrates a 5.72-fold reduction in local disease failure rates of patients with T1-T3 tumours; the data therefore suggests that use of HRA for detection and treatment in surveillance of anal cancer patients will help prevent local regional relapse at the anal site. There is an urgent need for a large, randomised controlled clinical trial to definitively test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Goon
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of GU and HIV Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Khurram MA, Wilson C, Vasdev N, Manas D, Talbot D, Rix D. Therapeutic kidney donation: a potential source of precious organs. Journal of Clinical Urology 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjmsu.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The number of patients awaiting a renal transplant considerably exceeds the number of organ grafts available. A successful kidney transplant is the most clinically and cost effective treatment for patients with end stage renal disease. A proportion of patients currently die awaiting a renal transplant as their continues to be a global deficiency of renal allografts. Efforts continue to be made in order to improve the current situation of waiting lists and there is now an urgent clinical need to explore potential new sources to increase the number of renal allografts for transplantation. We describe a successful case of a renal transplant with a kidney removed for benign aetiology and transplanted into a patient who was on the cadaveric renal transplant waiting list for 6 years. We predict that this of ‘Altruistic domino donation’ concept could potentially reduce the waiting list for cadaveric renal transplantation and more importantly become a valuable source for new renal allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin Wilson
- Department of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Nikhil Vasdev
- Department of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Derek Manas
- Department of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - David Talbot
- Department of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - David Rix
- Department of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
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Vallance A, Wilson C, Bernstone G, Rose J, Williams R, Jackson R, Perros P, James A, French J, Manas D. Selective hepatic artery embolisation for the treatment of liver metastases from neuro-endocrine disease. Int J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rosenstock J, Wilson C, Fleck P. Alogliptin versus glipizide monotherapy in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with mild hyperglycaemia: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, 1-year study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15:906-14. [PMID: 23531118 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin versus glipizide in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over 1 year of treatment. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study of elderly T2DM patients (aged 65-90 years) with mild hyperglycaemia on diet/exercise therapy alone [glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5-9.0%] or plus oral antidiabetic monotherapy (HbA1c 6.5-8.0%). Patients were randomized to once-daily alogliptin 25 mg or glipizide 5 mg titrated to 10 mg, if needed. Hypoglycaemic episodes were systematically captured under predefined criteria. RESULTS In the primary analysis, HbA1c mean changes from a baseline of 7.5% were -0.14% with alogliptin (n = 222) and -0.09% with glipizide (n = 219) at the end of the study, demonstrating non-inferiority of alogliptin to glipizide [least squares (LS) mean difference = -0.05%; one-sided 97.5% confidence interval (CI): -∞, 0.13%]. More clinically relevant HbA1c reductions occurred among patients who completed the study: -0.42 and -0.33% with alogliptin and glipizide, with non-inferiority again confirmed (LS mean difference = -0.09%; one-sided 97.5% CI: -∞, 0.07%). Overall, alogliptin was safe and well tolerated, with notably fewer hypoglycaemic episodes than glipizide [5.4% (31 episodes) vs. 26.0% (232 episodes), respectively]; three patients experienced severe hypoglycaemia, all with glipizide. Alogliptin also resulted in favourable weight changes versus glipizide (-0.62 vs. 0.60 kg at week 52; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Alogliptin monotherapy maintained glycaemic control comparable to that of glipizide in elderly patients with T2DM over 1 year of treatment, with substantially lower risk of hypoglycaemia and without weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rosenstock
- Dallas Diabetes and Endocrine Center at Medical City, Dallas, TX, USA
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243
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Check J, Wilson C, Citrino-DiAntonio G, DiAntonio A. In vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome in women in overt menopause attempting to induce follicular maturation by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor down-regulation. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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244
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Check J, Wilson C, Cohen R, Choe J, Corley D. Mid-luteal phase injection of subcutaneous leuprolide acetate improves live delivered pregnancy and implantation rates in younger women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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245
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Coles SJ, Gale PA, Tizzard GJ, Horton PN, Pitak MB, Milsted SJ, Wilson C. Service crystallography – right tools for the challenge. Acta Crystallogr A 2013. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767313094002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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246
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Coleman R, Gregory W, Marshall H, Wilson C, Holen I. The metastatic microenvironment of breast cancer: Clinical implications. Breast 2013; 22 Suppl 2:S50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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247
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Flombaum J, Zhong SH, Ma Z, Wilson C, Liu Y. What is the marginal advantage of extrapolation during multiple object tracking? Insights from a Kalman filter model. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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248
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Bae GY, Wilson C, Flombaum J. Variability in color working memory precision reflects inherent stimulus properties. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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249
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White WB, Pratley R, Fleck P, Munsaka M, Hisada M, Wilson C, Menon V. Cardiovascular safety of the dipetidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15:668-73. [PMID: 23489301 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM As there have been concerns that some classes or agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes may increase CV risk, we evaluated the cardiovascular profile of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin. METHODS We evaluated the incidence of CV events in patients treated with alogliptin, placebo or comparator antihyperglycaemic drugs in the clinical trial database for alogliptin using the composite major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) endpoints of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke. RESULTS The pooled analysis included 4168 patients exposed to alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg daily for 2023 patient-years compared to 691 patients treated with placebo for 263 patient-years and 1169 patients treated with other antidiabetic agents (metformin, sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones) for 703 patient-years. CV events were adjudicated by an expert endpoint committee blinded to treatment allocation. The incidence rates of the combined MACE were not significantly different between patients treated with alogliptin and comparator therapies (hazard ratio=0.635, 95% confidence interval, 0.0, 1.41). Additionally, other types of serious CV events were not significantly different between patients treated with alogliptin and comparator therapies. CONCLUSION These analyses have not shown a signal of increased CV risk with alogliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Future results from the adequately powered EXAMINE trial will definitively assess the CV safety profile of aloglipin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B White
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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250
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Mownah OA, Dosani T, Wilson C, Wyrley-Birch H, Talbot D. The impact of virtual crossmatching in the shortening of cold ischaemic times in renal transplantation. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2013.95.5.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Affiliated to the Association of Surgeons in Training and the British Transplantation Society, the Carrel Club is the transplant trainee surgical society. The Carrel Club held a joint meeting with the Chapter of Transplant Surgeons, a subsidiary organisation of the British Transplantation Society, at the Manchester Hilton Hotel on 31 January and 1 February 2013. As part of the meeting, ten abstracts were presented. A selection is printed below. The winner of the Best Presentation award was Mr Mownah.
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Affiliation(s)
- OA Mownah
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - T Dosani
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - C Wilson
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - D Talbot
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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