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Liu M, Li YC, Liu SW, Wang LJ, Liu YN, Yin P, Liu JM, You JL, Zhou MG. [Burden of disease attributable to high- sodium diets in China, 2013]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 50:759-763. [PMID: 27655593 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the burden of disease(BOD)attributable to high-sodium diets in China in 2013. Methods: Data were extracted from the 2013 Global Burden of Disease Study for China to examine the BOD attributable to high-sodium diets in 2013, gender, and disease composition. Measurements for attributable BOD were population attributable fraction(PAF), deaths, standardized mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)(not including Taiwan, China). An average world population age-structure for the period 2000-2025 was adopted to calculate age-standardized rates. Results: In 2013, deaths attributable to high-sodium diets accounted for 12.6% of all deaths and 14.5% of chronic disease deaths. Overall, 7.8% of deaths because of neoplasms, 25.2% of cardiovascular disease deaths, and 22.9% of chronic kidney disease deaths were attributable to high-sodium diets. A total of 1 176 553 deaths were attributable to high-sodium diets and the standardized mortality was 91.5/100 000, which was higher in men than in women(121.7/100 000 and 63.0/100 000, respectively). Overall, 22.759 million DALYs were attributable to high-sodium diets. The DALY standardized rate was 1 588.0/100 000, which was higher in men than in women(2 189.7/100 000 and 993.2/100 000, respectively). When compared by province, PAF in Xinjiang(25.0%), Qinghai(23.7%), Shanxi(23.2%), Tibet(22.1%)and Shandong(20.5%)was higher than other provinces. The standardized mortality in Xinjiang(239.4/100 000), Qinghai(238.9/100 000), Tibet(221.7/100 000), Shanxi(166.2/100 000)and Hebei(149.9/100 000)were higher than other provinces. The DALY standardized rate attributable to high-sodium diets was highest in Xinjiang(4 430.8/100 000), Qinghai(4 422.5/100 000), Tibet(4 021.4/100 000), Shanxi(2 816.6/100 000), and Hebei(2 624.9/100 000). Conclusion: The BOD attributable to high-sodium diets is a serious issue in China, particularly in men and in the northern provinces. Effective measures should be taken in northern provinces to reduce sodium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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202
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Bao HL, Liu YN, Wang LJ, Fang LW, Cong S, Zhou MG, Wang LH. [Analysis on mortality of cervical cancer and its temporal trend in women in China, 2006-2012]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:58-64. [PMID: 28100378 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the mortality of cervical cancer and its temporal trend in women in China between 2006 and 2012. Methods: The cause-of-death data about cervical cancer, which was abstracted from National Disease Surveillance Points and adjusted by special survey for underreporting, was used to analyze the age and area specific crude mortality rates of cervical cancer in China during 2006-2012. The age-standardized mortality rate was calculated by using world standardized population (Segi's). The Joinpoint regression model was used to obtain annual percentage change and 95%CI for assessing the time trend of mortality rate of cervical cancer from 2006 to 2012. Results: In 2012, the crude mortality rate of cervical cancer was 3.15 per 100 000 in women in China. The mortality rate in rural area (3.45/100 000) was higher than that in urban area (2.76/100 000), while the central area had the highest mortality rate of cervical cancer (3.77/100 000) compared with western area (3.23/100 000) and eastern area (2.54/100 000). The Segi's age-standardized mortality rate in eastern area increased by 2.9% (95%CI: 0.8%-5.0%) annually, an increase of 6.0% was observed in age group 30-59 years (95%CI: 1.6%-10.5%). However, the Segi's age-standardized mortality rate in central area declined by 4.6% (95%CI: -5.9% - -3.3%), where the declines of 3.2% and 5.7% were observed in age groups 30-59 years and ≥60 years (95%CI: - 5.0%-- 1.4% and 95% CI: - 9.3% --2.0%) and respectively. There was no significant change in cervical cancer mortality in western area. The similar trends were observed in the age-standardized mortality rate calculated according to the population of China. Conclusions: The decline of overall mortality rate of cervical cancer tended to stop in China and significant differences still exist among different areas. Our results suggest that the central/western areas and rural areas are still key areas for cervical cancer prevention and control and close attention should be paid to the increase of cervical cancer mortality in women aged 35-59 years in eastern area. It is essential to establish a systematic cervical cancer prevention network with larger population coverage to reduce the deaths caused by cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Bao
- Division of Cancer Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y N Liu
- Division of Vital Statistics and Death Surveillance, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L J Wang
- Division of Vital Statistics and Death Surveillance, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L W Fang
- Division of Cancer Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S Cong
- Division of Cancer Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - M G Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L H Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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203
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Chiou YJ, Lee CY, Li SH, Chong MY, Lee Y, Wang LJ. Screening for Psychologic Distress in Taiwanese Cancer Inpatients Using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer: The Effects of Patients' Sex and Chemotherapy Experience. Psychosomatics 2017; 58:496-505. [PMID: 28549574 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer often experience distress, and early detection and management of psychologic distress are vital for improving patients' outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the validity and determines the optimal cutoff score-for clinically significant distress-for the Taiwanese Distress Thermometer (DT). METHODS This study consisted of 768 inpatients diagnosed with cancer in a general hospital in southern Taiwan. The condition of psychologic distress was assessed in these patients using the DT and Chinese Health Questionnaire-12. We applied a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to evaluate the discriminative validity of the DT, adopting the Chinese Health Questionnaire-12 score of ≥4 as having psychologic distress. We also used a logistic regression model to determine the associated factors of the concordant screening results of both the DT and the Chinese Health Questionnaire-12. RESULTS The DT demonstrated an acceptable validity of discriminating between patients with psychologic distress and those without (area under curve = 0.787). We found a DT score of 4 to be the best cutoff value, with a 72.2% of sensitivity, a specificity of 80.0%, and an accuracy of 79.2%. The concurrence between the DT and the Chinese Health Questionnaire-12 was related to patients' sex and chemotherapy treatment experience. CONCLUSION Our findings show that the DT has acceptable psychometric properties for identifying psychologic distress in patients with cancer. However, the optimal cutoff point of the DT may vary with patients' characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Chiou
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Hsuan Li
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mian-Yoon Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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204
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Wang LJ, Zhang YM, Deng YL, Zheng H, Pan C, Shen ZY. [Liver transplantation for benign liver tumor: six cases report and literature review]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 96:2091-3. [PMID: 27468623 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.26.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse and explore the indications and efficacy of liver transplantation for benign liver tumor. METHODS From Jan.2001 to Dec.2014, 6 patients, incluing 3 males and 3 females, with benign liver tumor underwent liver transplantation in our department.There were 2 cases of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, 1 case of hepatic cavernous hemangioma, 1 case of liver mesenchymal hamartoma, 1 case of hilar bile duct mucinous cystadenoma, and 1 case of hepatic adenoma. The data of surgical procedure, perioperative complications, postoperative management, and the outcome of follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS Six orthotopic liver transplantation from one living donor and five cadaveric donors were performed. One patient died in the perioperative period, and other patients were discharged with normal liver and kidney function. Within the follow-up time of 22 to 88 months, these patients could live the normal lives with stable graft function and nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS Liver transplantation is the most efficient treatment for unresectable and symptomatic benign lesions, with the favourable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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205
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Zhao YQ, Wang LJ, Luo Y, Yin P, Huang ZJ, Liu T, Lin HL, Xiao JP, Li X, Zeng WL, Ma WJ, Zhou MG. [Lagged effects of diurnal temperature range on mortality in 66 cities in China: a time-series study]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:290-296. [PMID: 28329927 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the effect of daily diurnal temperature range (DTR) on mortality in different areas in China. Methods: A time series study using the data collected from 66 areas in China was conducted, and Meta-analysis was used to analyze the estimates of associations between DTR and daily mortality. Modifying effects of extremely low and high DTR-mortality relationship by season and socioeconomic status (SES) were also evaluated respectively. Cumulative excess risk (CER) was used as an index to evaluate the effects. Results: The information about 1 260 913 registered deaths were collected between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011, we found the relationship between extreme DTR and mortality was non-linear in all regions and the exposure-response curve was J-shaped. In central and south areas of China, the result indicated the obvious acute effect of extremely high DTR, and the mortality effect in central area (CER=5.1%, 95% CI: 2.4%-7.9%) was significant higher than that in south area (CER=4.5%, 95% CI: 1.7%-7.3%). Regarding to the modification of seasons, the cumulative mortality effect of DTR in cold season (CER=5.8%, 95%CI: 2.5%-9.2%) was higher than that in hot season (CER=3.1%, 95%CI: 1.1%-5.1%). Generally, deaths among the elderly (≥75 years) were associated more strongly with extremely high DTR. Conclusions: The mortality effects of extremely DTR in different areas and seasons showed different characteristics, that in central area and in cold season it was significantly stronger. After modified by season and SES, DTRs were the greatest threat to vulnerable population, especially to the elderly (≥75 years). Therefore, more attention should be paid to vulnerable groups and protection measures should be taken according to the local and seasonal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Zhao
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - L J Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - P Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Z J Huang
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - T Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - H L Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - J P Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - X Li
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - W L Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - W J Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - M G Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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206
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Lee SY, Wang LJ, Chang CH, Wu CC, Chen HL, Lin SH, Chu CL, Lu T, Lu RB. Serum DHEA-S concentration correlates with clinical symptoms and neurocognitive function in patients with bipolar II disorder: A case-controlled study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 74:31-35. [PMID: 27914864 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysregulation of the neuroendocrine system including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and pregnenolone may play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar II disorder (BP-II). The aims of the current study are to determine (a) the differences in DHEA, DHEA-S and pregnenolone in patients with BP-II and controls; and (b) the correlation of levels of the above hormones, cognitive function, and clinical symptoms. METHODS Patients diagnosed with BP-II and healthy controls were recruited from psychiatric department. Blood samples were collected to measure the levels of DHEA, DHEA-S and pregnenolone in all participants, followed by assessment of cognitive function using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BACA). RESULTS A total of 32 patients BP-II and 30 healthy control subjects were recruited. The BP-II group was found with significantly elder age, fewer years of education, and lower BACA composite scores compared to the healthy controls. The level of DHEA-S was significantly associated with performance in BACA when controlling for age, gender, years of education and having BP-II (P=0.018). The DHEA-S level was significantly correlated with mania score (r=-0.498, P=0.010). CONCLUSION Our findings support that serum level of DHEA-S may be a biomarker representing clinical manic symptoms and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ho Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Ling Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Liang Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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207
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Wang LJ, Chou MC, Chou WJ, Lee MJ, Lin PY, Lee SY, Lee YH. Does Methylphenidate Reduce Testosterone Levels in Humans? A Prospective Study in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:219-227. [PMID: 27816940 PMCID: PMC5408967 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Animal studies and case reports have suggested that methylphenidate exerts adverse effects on gonadal hormones. This study aimed to determine whether methylphenidate alters testosterone levels in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder through comparison of those with or without methylphenidate treatment. Methods This 4-week, nonrandomized, prospective study conducted in Taiwan included 203 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder patients with a mean age of 8.7 years (boys: 75.8%). After the initial recruitment, 137 received daily methylphenidate treatment (medicated group) and 66 were assessed through naturalistic observation (nonmedicated group). The saliva samples of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder patients were used to quantify testosterone levels at baseline and the endpoint by using the chemiluminescence immunoassay. At the 4th week, 86 patients in the medicated group and 46 patients in the nonmedicated group were eligible for statistical analyses. Results During the study period, salivary testosterone levels did not significantly change in the medicated group (P=.389) or in the nonmedicated group (P=.488). After correction for the potential confounding effects of age and sex, salivary testosterone levels still remained unchanged in the medicated and nonmedicated groups during the 4-week follow-up. In the medicated group, changes in salivary testosterone levels over 4 weeks were not significantly correlated with the methylphenidate daily dose (mean daily dose: 18.1 mg). Conclusions Findings suggest that short-term treatment with methylphenidate at usual doses does not significantly alter salivary testosterone levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder patients. Future studies should clarify whether long-term methylphenidate treatment disrupts testosterone production as well as the function of the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Chun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jing Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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208
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the trend in cortisol levels in children with ADHD treated with methylphenidate (MPH) and nontreated healthy controls over a 6-month period. METHOD The morning salivary cortisol levels of 50 patients with ADHD (40 boys and 10 girls, mean age = 7.6 years) and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were measured at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months from baseline. The neuropsychological performance of the ADHD patients was measured via administration of the Continuous Performance Test. RESULTS The cortisol levels of ADHD patients increased significantly after 1 month of MPH treatment before decreasing to an intermediate level, but were significantly positively correlated with neuropsychological performance throughout the 6-month treatment period. The cortisol levels of the controls did not change significantly over the 6-month period. CONCLUSION MPH administration appears to positively influence the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- 2 Department of Child Psychiatry and Sleep center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,3 Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheng Hsiao
- 4 Department of Psychiatry, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- 3 Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,5 Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
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209
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Cheng YS, Shyu YC, Lee SY, Yuan SS, Yang CJ, Yang KC, Lee TL, Wang LJ. Trend, characteristics, and pharmacotherapy of adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide survey in Taiwan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:643-651. [PMID: 28280346 PMCID: PMC5338966 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s126438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults may result in functional impairment warranting clinical interventions. However, few studies have investigated the diagnosis and treatment rates of adult ADHD in non-Caucasian ethnic groups. This study used nationwide population-based data to investigate the rate of diagnosis, associated characteristics, and pharmacological treatment for adult ADHD in Taiwan. METHODS Adults (age ≥18 years) newly diagnosed with ADHD (n=5,397) between January 2000 and December 2011 were enrolled from the National Health Insurance database in Taiwan. All patients were monitored until December 31, 2011. Patients who received treatment with immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH), osmotic release oral system-methylphenidate (OROS-MPH), and atomoxetine (ATX) were analyzed. RESULTS The cumulative prevalence of adult ADHD was 0.028%, and the incidence increased 10.9-fold from 2000 to 2011. The male to female ratio was 1.16, and 74.9% of the patients had the inattentive type. Overall, 55% of the patients received drug therapy for ADHD, and the average treatment duration was 478.3 days. Of the total patients, 50.4%, 13.3%, and 1.7% were prescribed with IR-MPH, OROS-MPH, and ATX, for a mean duration of 453.9, 327.7, and 161.4 days, respectively. CONCLUSION This population-based study showed an increasing trend in the diagnosis rate of adult ADHD; however, this rate is still low compared with Western countries. Approximately 45% of the adult patients with ADHD never received medication for their ADHD. Continuous efforts are needed to increase public awareness of adult ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shian Cheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Department of Psychiatry, Tsyr-Huey Mental Hospital, Kaohsiung Jen-Ai's Home, Kaohsiung
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | | | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
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Wang LJ, Chou MC, Chou WJ, Lee MJ, Lee SY, Lin PY, Lee YH, Yang YH, Yen CF. Potential role of pre- and postnatal testosterone levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: is there a sex difference? Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:1331-1339. [PMID: 28553119 PMCID: PMC5439987 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s136717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both prenatal testosterone (T) exposure and postnatal T levels have been associated with developing neural circuitry and behavioral systems. This study examined the potential correlation between pre- and postnatal T levels and behavioral and neurocognitive profiles of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Two hundred ADHD patients with a mean age of 8.7±2.0 years (158 boys and 42 girls) were recruited. The ratio of the length of the right index finger (2D) to that of the right ring finger (4D) (2D/4D ratio) served as a surrogate of prenatal T exposure, and postnatal T was determined using salivary T concentration. Behavioral symptoms were evaluated using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham - Version IV Scale for ADHD (SNAP-IV). Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) and Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT). RESULTS Lower 2D/4D ratios were associated with comorbid disruptive behavior disorders (t=2.15, P=0.033) in all participants. Among the boys with ADHD, neither 2D/4D ratios nor salivary T levels were associated with behavioral symptoms or neurocognitive function. Among the girls with ADHD, the salivary T level was positively correlated with the Perceptual Reasoning Index of the WISC-IV (r=0.48, P=0.001) and the Confidence Index (r=0.37, P=0.017) and Omission Errors of the CPT (r=0.62, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that a higher prenatal T exposure is associated with a greater risk of developing disruptive behavior disorders, and T may exert differential neurocognitive effects between boys and girls with ADHD. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of T involved in the pathogenesis of ADHD warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Miao-Chun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Min-Jing Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.,Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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211
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Wang LJ, Chen SW, Chen CK, Yen CL, Chang JJ, Lee TS, Liu CJ, Chen LW, Chien RN. Treatment-emergent depression and anxiety between peginterferon alpha-2a versus alpha-2b plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:424. [PMID: 27884134 PMCID: PMC5123322 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates differences in depression and anxiety between patients with chronic hepatitis C who are treated with peginterferon alpha-2a (PegIFN-α-2a) plus ribavirin and those who are treated with peginterferon alpha-2b (PegIFN-α-2b) plus ribavirin. METHODS In this 24 week, non-randomized, observational, prospective study, 55 patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with PegIFN-α-2a plus ribavirin (Group 1), and 26 patients were treated with PegIFN-α-2b plus ribavirin (Group 2). All patients underwent assessment using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the baseline and at weeks 4, 12 and 24. Patients with depression scores (HADS-D) ≥ 8 and anxiety scores (HADS-A) ≥ 8 were defined as having depression and anxiety, respectively. The factors that were associated with depression and anxiety during the 24 week antiviral treatment were determined. RESULTS During the 24 week antiviral treatment, the proportion of patients with depression significantly increased over time in both groups (Group 1: p = 0.048; Group 2: p = 0.044). The proportion of patients with anxiety did not significantly change during the follow-up period in either group. Incidences of depression or anxiety did not differ significantly between Group 1 and Group 2. A history of alcohol use disorder was an independent predictor of depression at week 12 (p < 0.001) and week 24 (p < 0.001), and a poor virological response to treatment was associated with depression at week 24 (p = 0.029). Patients who had more physical comorbidities were more likely to suffer from anxiety at week 12 (p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS This study did not identify significant differences in depression or anxiety between in patients with chronic hepatitis C who underwent a 24 week antiviral treatment regimen with PegIFN-α-2a plus ribavirin and those who underwent a regiment with PegIFN-α-2b plus ribavirin. Future research with larger samples and a randomized, controlled design are required to verify the findings in this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION This clinical study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. (Trial registration: NCT02943330 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Wei Chen
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan ,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Li Yen
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Jang Chang
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Shih Lee
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jung Liu
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung, Taiwan.
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Huang YC, Lin PY, Lee Y, Wu CC, Hsu ST, Hung CF, Chen CC, Chong MY, Lin CH, Wang LJ. β-hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate and metabolic profiles in patients with schizophrenia: A case control study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 73:1-8. [PMID: 27448522 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The disturbances of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) and pyruvate are linked with impaired brain energy utilization which involves in the psychopathology of schizophrenia. This study investigates the difference in levels of β-HB and pyruvate between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and explores their relationship with metabolic profiles and disease characteristics. We recruited 54 physically-health schizophrenic patients and 54 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Blood samples were gathered to determine the serum levels of β-HB and pyruvate and plasma levels of metabolic profiles, including fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and adiponectin. The disease characteristics and psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia were assessed by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Of patients with schizophrenia, serum levels of β-HB were significantly correlated with fasting glucose (p=0.007) and triglycerides (p=0.021). Pyruvate was significantly correlated with fasting glucose (p=0.018), total cholesterol (p=0.005), triglycerides (p=0.014) and LDL-C (p=0.006). After controlling the metabolic profiles, β-HB was still significantly higher in schizophrenia patients than in controls (p<0.001), but no difference in pyruvate was observed. Neither β-HB nor pyruvate was significantly correlated with disease characteristics. However, pyruvate was higher in patients treated with olanzapine or clozapine than in those treated with other antipsychotics (p=0.048). Findings suggest that schizophrenic patients had significantly higher serum levels of β-HB than control subjects, possibly reflecting higher demands in energy utilization. Serum levels of β-HB, rather than pyruvate, may act as a potential indicator of energy utilization impairment for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Linkuo Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fa Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mian-Yoon Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Ta-Pei Road, 83301 Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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213
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Fan BL, Xiong W, Wang SG, Wang LJ. A stabilized laser continuously tunable over a range of 1.5 GHz. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:113101. [PMID: 27910449 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method to stabilize laser frequency which can be continuously tuned over a range of 1.5 GHz. It is based on saturated absorption spectroscopy (SAS) generated by an external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) which is modulated by an electro-optic amplitude modulator (EO-AM). The spectra consist of not only the original peaks corresponding to resonant and crossover lines of 133Cs D2 line, but also signals introduced by sidebands from an EO-AM. Thus, the laser frequency can be locked to any point within the range of the spectra. Furthermore, the tuning range of the laser can be doubled compared to the coverage of common SAS by fixing the frequency of the pumping laser. The best stability of the locked laser induced by the EO-AM is 1.27 × 10-11 over an integrating time of 125 s. This method may be applied for more precise and flexible manipulation of atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Fan
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xiong
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science (JMI), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - S G Wang
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science (JMI), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L J Wang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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214
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Abstract
In this work, we develop the Green's function method for the solution of the peridynamic non-local diffusion model in which the spatial gradient of the generalized potential in the classical theory is replaced by an integral of a generalized response function in a horizon. We first show that the general solutions of the peridynamic non-local diffusion model can be expressed as functionals of the corresponding Green's functions for point sources, along with volume constraints for non-local diffusion. Then, we obtain the Green's functions by the Fourier transform method for unsteady and steady diffusions in infinite domains. We also demonstrate that the peridynamic non-local solutions converge to the classical differential solutions when the non-local length approaches zero. Finally, the peridynamic analytical solutions are applied to an infinite plate heated by a Gauss source, and the predicted variations of temperature are compared with the classical local solutions. The peridynamic non-local diffusion model predicts a lower rate of variation of the field quantities than that of the classical theory, which is consistent with experimental observations. The developed method is applicable to general diffusion-type problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science , College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - J F Xu
- Beijing Aeronautical Science and Technology Research Institute , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - J X Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; CAPT, HEDPS and IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center of MoE, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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215
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Wang G, Wu K, Hu H, Li G, Wang LJ. Ultra-low-frequency vertical vibration isolator based on a two-stage beam structure for absolute gravimetry. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:105101. [PMID: 27802743 DOI: 10.1063/1.4963676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To reduce seismic and environmental vibration noise, ultra-low-frequency vertical vibration isolation systems play an important role in absolute gravimetry. For this purpose, an isolator based on a two-stage beam structure is proposed and demonstrated. The isolator has a simpler and more robust structure than the present ultra-low-frequency vertical active vibration isolators. In the system, two beams are connected to a frame using flexural pivots. The upper beam is suspended from the frame with a normal hex spring and the lower beam is suspended from the upper one using a zero-length spring. The pivot of the upper beam is not vertically above the pivot of the lower beam. With this special design, the attachment points of the zero-length spring to the beams can be moved to adjust the effective stiffness. A photoelectric detector is used to detect the angle between the two beams, and a voice coil actuator attached to the upper beam is controlled by a feedback circuit to keep the angle at a fixed value. The system can achieve a natural period of 100 s by carefully moving the attachment points of the zero-length spring to the beams and tuning the feedback parameters. The system has been used as an inertial reference in the T-1 absolute gravimeter. The experiment results demonstrate that the system has significant vibration isolation performance that holds promise in applications such as absolute gravimeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wang
- Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Wu
- Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Hu
- Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L J Wang
- Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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216
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Wang LJ, Sun XW, Guo FY, Zhao YJ, Zhang JH, Zhao ZQ. Transcriptome analysis of the uniparous and multiparous goats ovaries. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:877-885. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- LJ Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - XW Sun
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - FY Guo
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - YJ Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - JH Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - ZQ Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilisation; Southwest University; Chongqing China
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217
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Zhang H, Jin PF, Niu LL, Li L, Wang LJ, Chen Y, Zhang GJ, Zhang HP, Zhong T. Methylation differences and expression profiles of the caprine DIO3 gene. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8678. [PMID: 27706705 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
DIO3 gene encoding type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase is an imprinted gene, located in the DLK1-DIO3 (delta-like 1 homolog-type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase) imprinted domain, and is potentially involved in degrading excessive amounts of thyroid hormone to protect embryogenesis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of the imprinted DIO3 gene expression during fetal and neonatal development in goats has not been elucidated. In this study, we explored the DNA methylation patterns of the caprine DIO3 intragenic CpG island and quantified gene expression level in six tissues from Chinese Nanjiang Yellow 3-day old kids. The expression of the DIO3 gene was determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCRs), while the identification of methylation patterns was determined using bisulfite-sequencing PCRs. Modest, and non-significant (P > 0.05), methylation patterns were noted for the DIO3 CpG island methylation in the brain, heart, liver, kidney, lung, and longissimus dorsi tissues (ranging from 26.48 to 34.92%). The expression level of the DIO3 mRNA was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the liver tissue than in the other five tissues. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that there was no significant relationship between methylation and gene expression (P > 0.05), which indicated that the expression of the caprine DIO3 gene was likely modified by other regulatory elements. This study identified DNA methylation and expression patterns of the DIO3 gene in goats and provided insights into further regulatory mechanisms of expression and imprinting in the DLK1-DIO3 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - P F Jin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - L L Niu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - L J Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Nanjiang Yellow Goat Breeding Science, Bazhong, China
| | - G J Zhang
- Institute of Nanjiang Yellow Goat Breeding Science, Bazhong, China
| | - H P Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - T Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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218
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Dong JW, Wang B, Gao C, Wang LJ. Accurate and fast fiber transfer delay measurement based on phase discrimination and frequency measurement. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:093102. [PMID: 27782604 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An accurate and fast fiber transfer delay measurement method is demonstrated. As a key technique, a simple ambiguity resolving process based on phase discrimination and frequency measurement is used to overcome the contradiction between measurement accuracy and system complexity. The system achieves a high measurement accuracy of 0.2 ps with a 0.1 ps measurement resolution and a large dynamic range up to 50 km as well as no dead zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Dong
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - B Wang
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Gao
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L J Wang
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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219
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Wang LJ, Yang KC, Lee SY, Yang CJ, Huang TS, Lee TL, Yuan SS, Shyu YC. Initiation and Persistence of Pharmacotherapy for Youths with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Taiwan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161061. [PMID: 27518196 PMCID: PMC4982593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy is an effective therapeutic option for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Understanding the patterns of medication treatment is crucial for clinical practice. This study employed nationwide population-based data to elucidate the initiation and persistence of pharmacotherapy (immediate-release methylphenidate [IR-MPH], osmotic controlled-release formulations of methylphenidate [OROS-MPH] and atomoxetine [ATX]) for youths with ADHD in Taiwan. METHODS Patients first receiving an ADHD diagnosis at age 18 or younger between January 2000 and December 2009 (n = 112,140; mean age at ADHD diagnosis: 7.7 years) were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. All patients were monitored through December 31, 2011, with an average follow-up time of 5.8 years. The initiation of ADHD drug therapy was defined as the first patient prescription, and discontinuation was defined as the cessation of ADHD medication for 180 days or longer. RESULTS Within the first year after ADHD diagnosis, 47.3%, 14.4%, and 0.8% of the patients were prescribed IR-MPH, OROS-MPH, and ATX, respectively. Regarding the patients prescribed IR-MPH, OROS-MPH, and ATX, 17.8%, 12.6%, and 18.8%, respectively, received the prescription only once and never returned for a drug refill, and 51.0%, 38.9%, and 58.8%, respectively, discontinued drug therapy within 1 year after the first prescription. Male sex and neuropsychiatric comorbidities were associated with higher probabilities of being prescribed one of the medications. An older age at first prescription and a higher daily dose of prescription were significant predictors of early discontinuation of ADHD medication. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that IR-MPH is the most frequently prescribed drug for ADHD treatment in Taiwan. Patients treated with OROS-MPH possessed the highest persistence rate, whereas those treated with ATX had the lowest persistence rate. The results provide insight into the delivery of pediatric mental health services and have crucial implications for ADHD medication treatment in real clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shuo Huang
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SSY); (YCS)
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SSY); (YCS)
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220
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Guo XH, Yang GY, Li CB, Wang LJ, Zhang J, Yuan XJ. [Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma: a clinicalopathologic analysis of 4 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:467-71. [PMID: 27430692 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and histopathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma(EAH). METHODS Four cases of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining along with review of the literature. RESULTS There were 3 male and 1 female patients at diagnosis in age of 4 months, 3.5 years, 5.5 years and 14.0 years, respectively. Tumor sites included the left little finger (1 case), right index finger (1 case), lower back (1 case) and knee (1 case). Clinically, most cases presented as a solitary, flesh or reddish papule, plaque or nodule with size of 0.4-6.0 cm in diameter. The skin lesions in 3 cases enlarged commensurate with the growth of the patients, and local hyperhidrosis in one case. Histologically, EAH was characterized by proliferation of well-differentiated eccrine secretory and ductal elements closely associated with thin-walled angiomatous channels in the middle or deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. By immunohistochemistry, the vascular components were positive for CD31, CD34 and factor Ⅷ related antigen while the eccrine glands were positive for S-100 protein, CEA, EMA, CAM5.2 and GCDFP15. Local surgical resection was performed in 4 cases and follow-up data (0.5 to 4.5 years) showed no recurrence. CONCLUSION EAH is a rare, benign cutaneous hamartoma. Combination of clinical manifestations, histological changes and immunohistochemical findings is useful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Xu N, Liu YN, Yin P, Wang LJ, Dou YS, Yang WJ, Zhou MG. [Impact of liver cancer deaths on life expectancy in 14 counties (districts) from the Huai River Basin, 2013: relationship between the water environment and liver cancer]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 50:629-33. [PMID: 27412841 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between liver cancer and the water environment, we analyzed the life expectancy in 14 counties (districts), which form the Huai River Basin with respect to liver cancer deaths in 2013 and changes in the surface water quality from 2004 to 2010. METHODS The study area included the 14 counties (districts) of the Huai River Basin in China. We obtained surveillance data for all causes of death in the study area during 2013, as well as data for International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Edition(ICD-10) code C22 or liver cancer. Life expectancy and life expectancy after elimination of liver cancer were then calculated. Based on water quality monitoring data from the China Environment Yearbook 2005-2011, we analyzed the water environment of the Huai River Basin, and changes in the water quality. According to the " Encyclopedia of Rivers and Lakes in China" (Huai River Basin section), we divided the river basin into five categories: upstream basin (upstream); midstream, north shore of the basin (midstream-north); midstream, south shore of the basin (midstream-south); downstream basin (downstream); and the Yishusi River Basin. To calculate the life expectancy and life expectancy after elimination of liver cancer in the study area, we used the Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI), to investigate the relationship between liver cancer and the water environment. RESULTS Life expectancy in the 14 study districts varied from 68.99 years (Shenqiu County) to 78.85 years (Jinhu County). Gains in life expectancy after elimination of liver cancer varied from 0.86 to 0.31 years. Midstream-north showed the greatest improvement, with overall gain in life expectancy of 0.77 years; this gain was 1.04 years for males and 0.40 years for females. Yishusi River Basin showed the least improvement, with overall gain in life expectancy of 0.41 years; this gain was 0.54 years for males and 0.24 years for females. For the 7 years from 2004 to 2010, midstream-north had the highest annual NPI values, at 2.08, 1.74, 1.64, 1.81, 1.41, 1.26, and 1.06, respectively. There was a positive correlation between NPI and life expectancy gain for both males and females (r=0.64, P=0.014). There was positive correlation between NPI and life expectancy gain among males alone (r=0.64, P=0.014); there was no significant correlation between NPI and life expectancy gain among females (r=0.44, P=0.115). CONCLUSION Liver cancer had a significant impact on life expectancy in the Huai River Basin. The gain in life expectancy was higher for males than for females. There is a possible relationship between liver cancer deaths and the water environment in the research area, but this study did not infer a causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Xu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100050, China
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Abstract
We conducted a case-control study to assess the role of the XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg280His, and Arg194Trp gene polymorphisms in pancreatic cancer susceptibility in a Chinese population. A total of 152 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and 264 control subjects were enrolled in this study between March 2012 and October 2014. XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg280His, and Arg194Trp were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. As determined by the chi-squared test, a statistically significant difference was observed between pancreatic cancer patients and control subjects in regard to the genetic distribution of XRCC1 Arg399Gln (χ(2) = 16.13, P < 0.001). Using an unconditional regression analysis, we found that the TT genotype of Arg399Gln was associated with a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 2.33, 95%CI = 1.20-4.51), and that the CT+TT genotype also significantly increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.04-2.41), compared to the wild-type genotype. In conclusion, we found that XRCC1 Arg399Gln genetic variations are associated with pancreatic cancer development, whereas the XRCC1 Arg280His and Arg194Trp polymorphisms did not affect pancreatic cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - H T Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - X X Wang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department I, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
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Wang LJ, Chou WJ, Chou MC, Gau SSF. The Effectiveness of Aripiprazole for Tics, Social Adjustment, and Parental Stress in Children and Adolescents with Tourette's Disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2016; 26:442-8. [PMID: 27028456 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2015.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tourette's syndrome (TS) frequently results in a negative impact on multiple functional domains. This prospective open-label study investigated the potential effectiveness of aripiprazole for tics, social adjustment, and parental stress in children and adolescents with TS. METHODS Study participants consisted of 26 patients (mean age 10.4 ± 3.0 years; 22 boys and 4 girls) who were prescribed aripiprazole, with each dose ranging from 2.5 to 15 mg/day. At baseline and 2, 4, and 8 weeks from baseline, tic symptoms, social adjustment, and parenting stress were assessed using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents (SAICA), and the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Aripiprazole could be optionally titrated from 2.5 to 30 mg/day at each visit. RESULTS Of the 26 patients at the initial visit, 22 (84.6%) completed the study. The mean dose of aripiprazole at the endpoint was 8.0 ± 4.0 mg/day. During the 8-week aripiprazole treatment period, motor tics, phonic tics, and impairment on the YGTSS all showed significant improvement. Home behaviors on the SAICA and child domain on the PSI also showed significant improvement. Patients' phonic tics, but not motor tics, showed a positive correlation with their school function and peer relationships. The child domain on the PSI was positively correlated with motor tics, phonic tics, and impairment, as measured by the YGTSS. CONCLUSIONS An 8-week aripiprazole treatment program for children and adolescents with TS was beneficial to their tic symptoms, behaviors at home, and caregivers' stress with regard to fulfilling parenting roles. A long-term placebo-controlled trial with larger samples is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of aripiprazole for social adjustment and parental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Chun Chou
- 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine , Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang TT, Chen SL, Chang YH, Chen PS, Chu CH, Chen SH, Huang SY, Tzeng NS, Wang LJ, Wang TY, Li CL, Chung YL, Hsieh TH, Lee IH, Chen KC, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB, Lee SY. The DRD3 Ser9Gly Polymorphism Predicted Metabolic Change in Drug-Naive Patients With Bipolar II Disorder. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3488. [PMID: 27310943 PMCID: PMC4998429 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with bipolar II disorder (BDII) have a higher prevalence rate of metabolic disturbance. Whether BDII itself, in addition to its current standard treatment, is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome warrants additional study. The dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) gene, one of the candidate genes for BDII, is also involved in the dopaminergic system. We investigated whether it is related to changes in the metabolic indices of patients with BDII given 12 weeks of standard treatment.Patients with a first diagnosis of BDII (n = 117) were recruited. Metabolic profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting serum glucose, body mass index) were measured at baseline and at 2, 8, and 12 weeks. The genotype of the DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism (rs6280) was determined. Multiple linear regressions with generalized estimating equation methods were used.Seventy-six (65.0%) patients completed the 12-week intervention. Significant differences in triglyceride change were associated with the DRD3 Ser9Gly genotype (P = 0.03). Patients with the Ser/Ser genotype had significantly smaller triglyceride increases and a lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome than did those with the Ser/Gly+Gly/Gly genotype. However, the associations between the DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism with changes in triglyceride level become nonsignificant after correcting for multiple comparisons.We conclude that the DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism is nominally associated with changes in triglycerides and metabolic syndrome after 12 weeks of standard BDII treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University (T-TC); Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, KMU, Kaohsiung (S-LC); Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan (S-LC, Y-HC, P-SC, T-YW, C-LL, Y-LC, T-HH, I-HL, K-CC, Y-KY, R-BL, S-YL); Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung (Y-HC); Institute of Allied Health, College of Medicine (Y-HC, R-BL); Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine (P-SC, T-YW, I-HL, K-CC, Y-KY, R-BL, S-YL); Addiction Research Center (P-SC, R-BL); Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C-HC); Neurobiology Laboratory, NIH/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (S-HC, J-SH); Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (S-YH, N-ST); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung (L-JW); Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan (Y-LC); Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin (Y-KY); Institute of Behavioral Medicine Sciences, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan (R-BL); Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan (R-BL); Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (S-YL)
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Wang DC, Wang LC, Wang LJ, Chen G, Zhao YX, Zhao ZF, Li YH. [Inhibitory effect of imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin on tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of human lung cancer xenografts in nude mice]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2016; 38:340-5. [PMID: 27188605 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the inhibitory effect of imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin on tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of human lung adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice, and to explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS Human lung cancer A549 cells were injected into Bal B/c nude mice subcutaneously. Twenty-eight healthy male nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, imrecoxib group, lobaplatin group and imrecoxib combined with lobaplatin group. Each group was treated with appropriate drugs and the tumor size was measured every five days. The expression of ezrin and E-cadherin protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Ezrin and E-cadherin mRNA were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS The tumor inhibition rates of imrecoxib group, lobaplatin group and combination group were 36.7%, 54.6% and 69.2%, respectively. The tumor volumes of imrecoxib group [(905.33±113.31) mm(3)] and combination group [(507.74±77.50) mm(3)] were significantly lower than that of the control group (1355.33±189.04) mm(3) (P<0.05), and the tumor weights were significantly reduced [(1.13±0.14) g, (0.63±0.10) g respectively] vs. (1.69±0.24) g (P<0.05). The expressions of ezrin protein and mRNA in the imrecoxib group and combined treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (136.53±35.52, 74.72±19.48 vs. 175.62±21.16 for protein expression level; 0.54±0.03, 0.36±0.03 vs. 1.02±0.02 for mRNA expression level, respectively, P<0.05 for both), while the expression of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in the imrecoxib group and combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (253.78±38.87, 308.94±24.67 vs. 213.66±30.31 for protein expression level; 2.19±0.02, 3.02±0.02 vs. 1.05±0.03 for mRNA expression level, respectively, P<0.05 for both). There was a significant negative correlation between ezrin protein and E-cadherin protein (r=-0.737, P<0.01), as well as between ezrin mRNA and E-cadherin mRNA (r=-0.977, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Administration of imrecoxib combined with lobaphatin has inhibitory effects on the growth of non-small cell lung cancer xenografts and lymph node metastasis via down-regulated ezrin and upregulated E-cadherin. Imrecoxib and lobaplatin have a synergistic antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - L C Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - L J Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Y X Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Z F Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Y H Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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226
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Wang LJ, Zhang YM, Deng YL, Zheng H, Pan C, Shen ZY. [Clinical analysis of liver transplantation in treatment of liver metastatic cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2016; 38:381-4. [PMID: 27188613 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and outcome of liver transplantation in the treatment of liver metastatic cancer. METHODS Four patients with pathologically confirmed liver metastatic cancer underwent liver transplantation, including one of liver metastases from pancreatic endocrine tumor, one from rectal endocrine tumor, one from stomach stromal tumor and one from colorectal carcinoma. Classic surgical method was adopted, i. e. orthotopic liver transplantation for the recipients and transplants came from cadaveric donors. RESULTS All the four patients had a smooth operation, an uneventful early postoperative recovery and good living quality. The patient with liver metastases from pancreatic endocrine tumor had liver tumor recurrence at four and a half years after the transplantation, and then underwent left lateral hepatic lobectomy, without any recurrence until now. The patient with liver metastases from rectal endocrine tumor had right renal and pelvic tumor metastasis at 16 months after the operation, and died of tumor recurrence 5 years after the liver transplantation. The patient with liver metastases from gastric stromal tumor had extensive pelvic metastases at five and a half months after the transplantation, and survived with tumor for 4 years and 6 months after the operation. The patient with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma had extensive bilateral lung metastases at 3 months after the transplantation and died one and a half years after the operation. CONCLUSION For well-differentiated unresectable metastatic liver cancers, liver transplantation may serve as a treatment option and better treatment results can be achieved for some highly selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Y M Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Y L Deng
- Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - C Pan
- Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Z Y Shen
- Department of Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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227
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Huang HT, Gao ZG, Liu Y, Sun J, Liu P, Wang LJ, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y. [Epidemiology of pertussis in adults and related factors in Tianjin, 2005-2014]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:678-81. [PMID: 27188361 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in adults and related factors in Tianjin. METHODS Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by using the epidemiological data of pertussis in adults in Tianjin during 2005-2014. The transmission routes of family cluster cases were analyzed. ELISA was conducted to detect pertussis immunity levels in adults aged 18-83 years. RESULTS The pertussis cases in adults accounted for 28.57%(252/882)of the total cases in Tianjin , the annual incidence of pertussis in adults was 0.16/100 000. The highest incidence was 0.46/100 000 in 2013. The age specific proportion of the cases was highest in age group 21-30 years(36.12%, 91/252). Three household transmission routes of pertussis were identified, the major one was adult-to-infant(77.78%,98/126). The parents were the infection sources of 81.64% of infant cases(80/98). Of the 904 study subjects, the average positive rate of antibody against pertussis was 55.20%(95%CI: 51.96%-58.44%). There were significant differences in antibody positive rate among different age groups(P= 0.015), and which had the linear correlation with the reported annual incidence(r=0.98, P=0.003)and showed upward trend(χ(2)=11.79, P=0.001). CONCLUSION The study indicated that adults have become the population at high risk for pertussis and the major infection sources for infants in Tianjin. The positive rate of antibody against pertussis was low in adults. It is suggested to conduct pertussis vaccination in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Huang
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Z G Gao
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Y Liu
- Pathogen Detection Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - J Sun
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - P Liu
- Pathogen Detection Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - L J Wang
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Binghai New District Hangu Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300480, China
| | - Y Li
- Program on Immunization Department, Hongqiao District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300132, China
| | - J Zhang
- Program on Immunization Department, Beichen District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300400, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
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Huang F, Chou WJ, Chen TH, Chen C, Hsieh YL, Chong MY, Hung CF, Lin SC, Tsai HH, Wang LJ. Muscle relaxation for individuals having tattoos removed through laser treatment: possible effects regarding anxiety and pain. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1069-74. [PMID: 27184151 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Effectively managing pain is vital for the well-being and satisfaction of patients undergoing dermatologic treatments involving lasers. This study investigates the potential outcome of using muscle relaxation techniques to reduce pain among people having their tattoos removed with laser treatment. This study consists of 56 participants (mean age 18.1 ± 2.1 years) that had tattoos removed using the principle of selective photothermolysis. These participants underwent muscle relaxation before receiving the laser treatment. Their peripheral skin temperatures (PST) were measured both at the beginning and the end of the muscle relaxation period. Then, the Beck Anxiety Inventory was applied to evaluate anxiety levels. Once the laser treatment was completed, pain levels were measured using a visual analogue scale. A total of 125 person-sessions of laser treatment and psychometric assessments were performed in this study. The muscle relaxation method significantly increased the PST of the participants while reducing the levels of anxiety and pain throughout the course of the laser treatment procedure. The PST, anxiety scores, and pain scores all showed significant correlations with one another. According to the results obtained, this study proposes that muscle relaxation techniques be considered possibly auxiliary treatment options for individuals having tattoos removed through laser treatment. Additional studies with a comparison group and a larger sample size are required in the future to confirm the effectiveness of such intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lian Hsieh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mian-Yoon Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fa Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Huang Tsai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
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Cui J, Yin P, Wang LJ, Liu SW, Li YC, Liu YN, Liu JM, You JL, Zeng XY, Zhou MG. [Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to ambient ozone pollution in 1990 and 2013 in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 50:391-6. [PMID: 27141893 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China attributable to ambient ozone pollution in 1990 and 2013. METHODS Based on the results of the China Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2013, the population attributable fractions was used to analyze the deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of COPD attributable to ambient ozone pollution in all provinces (not including Taiwan, China) in 1990 and 2013, and to compare changes of the attributable disease burden in 1990 and 2013. RESULTS In 2013, 7.4% (95% uncertainty interval (95% UI): 6.1%-8.6%) of COPD were attributable to ambient ozone pollution, with the highest rate in Hebei province (15.0%, 95%UI: 12.0%-18.7%) and the lowest in Heilongjiang province (2.8%,95%UI: 0.9%-5.3%). In 2013, 67 485 COPD deaths in China were due to ambient ozone pollution, with the highest number in Sichuan province (11 929) and in China lowest in Macao (11). A total of 1.168 million DALYs caused by COPD were due to ambient ozone pollution, with the highest in Sichuan province (0.189 million) and lowest in Macao (257.4). In 2013, the DALY per 100 000 population caused by COPD due to ambient ozone pollution after age standardization was lowest in Heilongjiang province (21.9), Shanghai (26.7), Beijing (38.4), Tianjin (39.3), and Jilin province (39.7) and highest in Sichuan province (206.4), Qinghai province (202.5), Guizhou province (175.3), and Gansu province (171.4). DALYs caused by COPD attributable to ambient ozone pollution increased with age (0.144 million person years for ages 15-49 years, 0.43 million person years for age 50-69 years and 0.594 million person years for age 70 years and above), which were higher in men than in women (0.708 million person years for men and 0.459 million person years for women in 2013). Deaths of COPD attributable to ambient ozone pollution were 49 514 and 67 485 in 1990 and 2013, respectively. DALYs caused by COPD attributable to ozone pollution totaled 0.894 million and 1.168 million person years in 1990 and 2013, respectively. Ambient ozone pollution-related deaths and DALYs increased 36.3% and 30.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Compared with 1990, the disease burden of COPD in 2013 attributed to ambient ozone pollution in China increased substantially. Ambient ozone pollution caused great losses among Chinese residents. More attention should be directed toward western provinces with a particularly high disease burden due to ambient ozone pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cui
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang LJ, Shang MH, Zhuge YF, Huang YX, Rong S, Tang ZH, Bao JF, Yu Q, Yuan WJ. [Expression of renal PLA2R in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy and its relationship with the curative effect of immunotherapy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:4-8. [PMID: 26792599 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the expression of renal M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), and to explore the relationship between renal PLA2R and the curative effect of immunotherapy. METHODS A total of 56 patients who were diagnosed as IMN from January 2012 to June 2014 in the department of nephrology in First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, were included in this study. The expression of renal PLA2R was detected by immumofluorescence assay. The IMN patients were treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, and the relationship between renal PLA2R and the curative effect of immunotherapy was observed. RESULTS The ratio of PLA2R related IMN (renal PLA2R-positive) patients was 71.4%(40/56). The recovery conditions in proteinuria and serum albumin were better in the non-PLA2R related IMN group since 6 months after the treatment (P<0.05). The overall response rate in PLA2R related IMN group was 58.3%, 62.5% and 62.5% after 6, 9, 12 months, respectively. However, the overall response rate in non-PLA2R related IMN group almost reached 100% after treatment for 6 months. Compared with PLA2R related IMN group, the time which patients reached complete remission was significantly shorter in the non-PLA2R related IMN group [(5.4±3.5) vs (10.5±1.6) months, P<0.05]. CONCLUSIONS Detection of renal PLA2R can be helpful to diagnose IMN. Non-PLA2R related IMN patients usually have a better curative effect of immunotherapy and a shorter time to onset of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
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Sun XL, Zhang JW, Cheng PF, Xu C, Zhao L, Wang LJ. Investigation of Ramsey spectroscopy in a lin-par-lin Ramsey coherent population trapping clock with dispersion detection. Opt Express 2016; 24:4532-4541. [PMID: 29092280 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.004532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the lin-par-lin Ramsey coherent population trapping 87Rb clock using a dispersion detection technique has a promising performance. We theoretically and experimentally investigate the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ramsey spectrum signal by varying the relative angle of the polarizer and analyzer as well as the magnetic field. Based on the experimental results, the optimized relative angle and magnetic field are determined. This kind of atomic clock is attractive for the development of compact, high performance vapor clock based on CPT.
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232
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Shyu YC, Lee SY, Yuan SS, Yang CJ, Yang KC, Lee TL, Wang LJ. Seasonal Patterns of Medications for Treating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Comparison of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine. Clin Ther 2016; 38:595-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang TY, Lee SY, Chen SL, Chung YL, Li CL, Chang YH, Wang LJ, Chen PS, Chen SH, Chu CH, Huang SY, Tzeng NS, Hsieh TH, Chiu YC, Lee IH, Chen KC, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB. The Differential Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF among Bipolar Spectrum Disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw012. [PMID: 26865313 PMCID: PMC5006191 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation and neurodegeneration underlies bipolar disorder. To investigate biological markers of cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor between bipolar I, bipolar II, and other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania may support the association with inflammatory dysregulation and bipolar disorder and, more specifically, provide evidence for other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania patients were similar to bipolar II disorder patients from a biological marker perspective. METHODS We enrolled patients with bipolar I disorder (n=234), bipolar II disorder (n=260), other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania (n=243), and healthy controls (n=140). Their clinical symptoms were rated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. Inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-8) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were measured in each group. Multivariate analysis of covariance and linear regression controlled for possible confounders were used to compare cytokine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels among the groups. RESULTS Multivariate analysis of covariance adjusted for age and sex and a main effect of diagnosis was significant (P<.001). Three of the 5 measured biomarkers (tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-8) were significantly (P=.006, .01, and <.001) higher in all bipolar disorder patients than in controls. Moreover, covarying for multiple associated confounders showed that bipolar I disorder patients had significantly higher IL-8 levels than did bipolar II disorder and other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania patients in multivariate analysis of covariance (P=.03) and linear regression (P=.02) analyses. Biomarkers differences between bipolar II disorder and other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania patients were nonsignificant. CONCLUSION The immunological disturbance along the bipolar spectrum was most severe in bipolar I disorder patients. Other specified bipolar disorder with short duration hypomania patients and bipolar II disorder patients did not differ in these biological markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (Drs T.-Y.W., S.-Y.L., S.-L.C., Ms Y.-L.C. Drs C.-L.L.,Y.-H.C., and P.S.C. , Ms T.-H.H., Drs I.H.L., K.-C.C., Y.K.Y., and R.-B.L.); Institute of Behavioral Medicine (Drs Y.K.Y. and R.-B.L.), and Institute of Allied Health Sciences (Dr Y.-H.C. and R.-B.L.), College of Medicine, and Addiction Research Center (Drs P.S.C., I.H.L, K.C.C., Y.K.Y., and R.-B.L.), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Dr S.-Y.L.); Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University(KMU), Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Dr S.-L.C.); Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, and Student Counseling Center (Dr N.-S.T.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (Dr S.-Y.H.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Dr L.-J.W.); Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan (Dr Y.K.Y.); Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan (Dr R.-B.L.); Neurobiology Laboratory, NIH/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC (Drs S.-H.C. and J.-S.H.); Deprtment of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Dr Y.-H.C.); Institute of Molecular Medicine (Dr C.-H.C.) , and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (Ms Y.-L.C.), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan ; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, School of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Ms Y.-C.C.).
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Dong JW, Wang B, Gao C, Guo YC, Wang LJ. Highly accurate fiber transfer delay measurement with large dynamic range. Opt Express 2016; 24:1368-1375. [PMID: 26832517 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.001368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient method for fiber transfer delay measurement is demonstrated. Fiber transfer delay measurement in time domain is converted into the frequency measurement of the modulation signal in frequency domain, accompany with a coarse and easy ambiguity resolving process. This method achieves a sub-picosecond resolution, with an accuracy of 1 picosecond, and a large dynamic range up to 50 km as well as no measurement dead zone.
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235
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Lee MJ, Yang KC, Shyu YC, Yuan SS, Yang CJ, Lee SY, Lee TL, Wang LJ. Corrigendum to "Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, its treatment with medication and the probability of developing a depressive disorder: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan" [J. Affect. Disord. 189 (2016) 110-117]. J Affect Disord 2016; 190:122. [PMID: 28835009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jing Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Wang LJ, Lu SF, Chong MY, Chou WJ, Hsieh YL, Tsai TN, Chen C, Lee YH. A family-oriented therapy program for youths with substance abuse: long-term outcomes related to relapse and academic or social status. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:699-706. [PMID: 27099500 PMCID: PMC4820190 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s105199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The abuse of illegal substances by youths in Taiwan has become a major public health issue. This study explores the outcomes (relapse rate and academic or social status) of a family-oriented therapy program conducted for substance-using youths who were referred by a judge to participate in it. METHODS The present study includes 121 participants categorized into three groups: 36 youths underwent a weekly ten-session outpatient motivational enhancement psychotherapy (MEP) group program; 41 youths participated in a program that combined the aforementioned MEP program with an additional weekly ten-session parenting skill training (PST) program for their guardians (MEP + PST group); and 44 adolescents who received standard supervision by the court served as the control group. All participants were followed-up for a maximum of 2 years. RESULTS Of the 121 participants (mean age: 16.1±1.1 years), 33.1% relapsed into substance use during the follow-up period. The probability of relapse did not differ significantly between the MEP group (36.1%) and the control group (40.9%), but the youths in the MEP + PST group (22.0%) were at a lower risk of relapse than the control group participants (adjusted hazard ratio =0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.21-1.09). By the end of the study follow-up period, participants in both the MEP group and the MEP + PST group were more likely to be attending school (MEP group: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =6.61, 95% CI =1.60-27.35; MEP + PST group: aOR =8.57, 95% CI =1.94-37.82) or employed (MEP group: aOR =7.75, 95% CI =1.95-30.75; MEP + PST group: aOR =7.27, 95% CI =1.76-29.97), when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION This study revealed that a family-oriented treatment approach may be a more effective option for preventing youths' relapsing into substance abuse. In comparison to individuals who received standard supervision by the court, those who received MEP experienced a better school attendance or social outcome over the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Fang Lu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mian-Yoon Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lian Hsieh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ning Tsai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wang LJ, Lin PY, Lee Y, Huang YC, Hsu ST, Hung CF, Chen CK, Chen YC, Wang YL, Tsai MC. Validation of the Chinese version of Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2819-2826. [PMID: 27826194 PMCID: PMC5096784 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A test battery that measures cognitive function impairment in patients with schizophrenia, the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), has been translated into various languages and validated. This study aimed to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the BACS in a Chinese-speaking population. METHODS All participants in this study (66 patients with schizophrenia [mean age: 41.2 years, 57.6% male] and 66 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) were from Taiwan and assessed using the BACS and the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Performance-Based Skills Assessment, Brief Version (UPSA-B). Thirty-eight of the 66 patients with schizophrenia received a reassessment using the BACS. RESULTS The BACS had good test-retest reliability, and all BACS subtests had statistically insignificant practice effects. Principal components analysis demonstrated that a one-factor solution best fits our dataset (60.9% of the variance). In both patients and controls, the BACS composite scores were positively correlated with all BACS subscales (P<0.001) and UPSA-B scales (P<0.001). Furthermore, all BACS subtests (verbal memory, working memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, attention and processing speed, and executive function) significantly differentiated patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls (P<0.001), and the BACS composite score had the best discriminative validity (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the BACS exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties, including high test-retest reliability, high internal consistency, acceptable concurrent validity, and good discriminant validity. We suggest that the BACS is a reliable and practical tool for assessing cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Yu-Chi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chi-Fa Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chih Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| | - Ming-Che Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine
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Wang LJ, Shyu YC, Yuan SS, Yang CJ, Yang KC, Lee TL, Lee SY. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, its pharmacotherapy, and the risk of developing bipolar disorder: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 72:6-14. [PMID: 26519764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during childhood and subsequent diagnoses of bipolar disorder (BD), as well as to determine whether the pharmacotherapy for ADHD (methylphenidate and atomoxetine) influence the risks of developing BD. A nationwide cohort of patients newly diagnosed with ADHD (n = 144,920) and age- and gender-matching controls (n = 144,920) were found in Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from January 2000 to December 2011. Both patients and controls were observed until December 31, 2011. To determine the effect that the duration of methylphenidate and atomoxetine exposure had on BD, the difference in the risk of developing BD was compared among non-users, short-term users (≤ 365 days), and long-term users (>365 days). In comparison to the control group, the ADHD group showed a significantly increased risk of developing BD (ADHD: 2.1% vs. CONTROLS 0.4%; aHR: 7.85, 95% CI: 7.09-8.70), and had a younger mean age at the time of first diagnosis (ADHD: 12.0 years vs. CONTROLS 18.8 years). Compared to ADHD patients that had never taken methylphenidate, patients with long-term use of methylphenidate were less likely to be diagnosed with BD (aOR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.65-0.80). However, the duration of exposure to atomoxetine did not have a significant relationship to a BD diagnosis. The results suggested that a previous diagnosis of ADHD was a powerful indicator of BD, particularly juvenile-onset BD. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of the relationships among ADHD, its pharmacotherapy, and BD require further clarification in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Chiou YJ, Chiu NM, Wang LJ, Li SH, Lee CY, Wu MK, Chen CC, Wu YS, Lee Y. Prevalence and related factors of psychological distress among cancer inpatients using routine Distress Thermometer and Chinese Health Questionnaire screening. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2765-2773. [PMID: 27822049 PMCID: PMC5087777 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s118667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines suggest routine screening for distress among cancer patients for immediate early psychiatric care. However, previous studies focusing on routine screening for psychological distress among cancer inpatients in Taiwan are scant. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and related factors of psychological distress and mental illness among cancer inpatients in Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted as a retrospective chart review in a general hospital in southern Taiwan. Cancer inpatients were regularly screened by nursing staff using the Distress Thermometer and the 12-item Chinese Health Questionnaire. Positive screening results on either instrument were followed by a non-commanded referral to psychiatrists for clinical psychiatric diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS Of the 810 participants in this study, 179 (22.1%) were recognized as having psychological distress. Younger age (odds ratio [OR] =1.82), having head and neck cancer (OR =2.43), and having not received chemotherapy (OR =1.58) were significantly related to psychological distress. Among the 56 patients (31.3%) with psychological distress who were referred to psychiatrists, the most common mental illness was adjustment disorder (n=22, 39.2%), followed by major depressive disorder (n=13, 23.2%), depressive disorder not otherwise specified (n=6, 10.7%), and anxiety disorder not otherwise specified (n=4, 7.1%). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that cancer inpatients with psychological distress were more likely to be younger in age, have head and neck cancer, and have not received chemotherapy. The most common psychiatric disorder was adjustment disorder. Early detection of psychological distress and prompt psychiatric consultation and management are very important for cancer inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shau-Hsuan Li
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Wang TY, Lee SY, Chung YL, Chen SL, Li CL, Chang YH, Wang LJ, Chen PS, Chen SH, Chu CH, Huang SY, Tzeng NS, Hsieh TH, Lee IH, Chen KC, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB. TPH1 and 5-HTTLPR Genes Specifically Interact in Opiate Dependence but Not in Alcohol Dependence. Eur Addict Res 2016; 22:201-9. [PMID: 27045756 DOI: 10.1159/000444676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different drug dependencies may have unique genetic vulnerabilities. Changes in serotonin availability and function have been linked to addiction. We investigated whether 2 serotonergic polymorphisms, TPH1 A218C (rs1800532) and 5-HTT-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) (rs25531), are differently associated with alcohol or opiate dependence. METHODS Alcohol-dependent patients (n = 292), opiate-dependent patients (n = 309), and healthy controls (n = 301) were recruited from the Han Chinese population in Taiwan. Genotypes of TPH1 A218C and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms were analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The genotype frequencies of the TPH1 A218C polymorphisms were not significantly different in the 3 groups. The genotype frequencies of the 5-HTTLPR S+ (S/S, S/LG, LG/LG) polymorphisms were significantly higher in opiate-dependent patients (x03C7;2 = 8.77, p = 0.01), but not after controlling for the covariates of age, gender, and interaction effect in logistic regression analysis. Moreover, there was a significant interaction between the TPH1 A218C A/C and 5-HTTLPR S+ gene polymorphisms in opiate-dependent (OR 2.72, p = 0.01), but not in alcohol-dependent patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that there may be a differential genetic vulnerability in serotonergic genes for alcohol and opiate addiction. However, replications of our findings are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wang LJ, Lin SK, Chen YC, Huang MC, Chen TT, Ree SC, Chen CK. Differences in Clinical Features of Methamphetamine Users with Persistent Psychosis and Patients with Schizophrenia. Psychopathology 2016; 49:108-15. [PMID: 27071042 DOI: 10.1159/000445065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine exerts neurotoxic effects and elicits psychotic symptoms. This study attempted to compare clinical differences between methamphetamine users with persistent psychosis (MAP) and patients with schizophrenia. In addition, we examined the discrimination validity by using symptom clusters to differentiate between MAP and schizophrenia. METHODS We enrolled 53 MAP patients and 53 patients with schizophrenia. The psychopathology of participants was assessed using the Chinese version of the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies and the 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Logistic regression was used to examine the predicted probability scores of different symptom combinations on discriminating between MAP and schizophrenia. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and area under the curve (AUC) were further applied to examine the discrimination validity of the predicted probability scores on differentiating between MAP and schizophrenia. RESULTS We found that MAP and schizophrenia demonstrated similar patterns of delusions. Compared to patients with schizophrenia, MAP experienced significantly higher proportions of visual hallucinations and of somatic or tactile hallucinations. However, MAP exhibited significantly lower severity in conceptual disorganization, mannerism/posturing, blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, and motor retardation compared to patients with schizophrenia. The ROC analysis showed that a predicted probability score combining the aforementioned 7 items of symptoms could significantly differentiate between MAP and schizophrenia (AUC = 0.77). CONCLUSION Findings in the current study suggest that nuanced differences might exist in the clinical presentation of secondary psychosis (MAP) and primary psychosis (schizophrenia). Combining the symptoms as a whole may help with differential diagnosis for MAP and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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Wang LJ, Lee SY, Yuan SS, Yang CJ, Yang KC, Lee TL, Shyu YC. Impact of negative media publicity on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication in Taiwan. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2015; 25:45-53. [PMID: 26549311 DOI: 10.1002/pds.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores trends in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications in Taiwan from 2000 to 2011 and whether negative media coverage of Ritalin in January 2010 impacted ADHD prescriptions throughout the country. METHOD Patients throughout Taiwan who had been newly diagnosed with ADHD (n = 145,269) between January 2000 and December 2011 were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database as subjects for this study. We analyzed monthly and yearly data on person-days of treatment with immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH), osmotic controlled-release formulation of methylphenidate (OROS-MPH), and atomoxetine (ATX) using linear models of curve estimation and the time series expert modeler. RESULTS Of our sample, 57.8%, 28.9%, and 4.3% had been prescribed one or more doses of IR-MPH, OROS-MPH, or ATX, respectively. The annual person-days of IR-MPH use increased regularly from 2000 to 2009, dropped abruptly in 2010, and then increased again the next year. Furthermore, the person-days of OROS-MPH prescriptions did not reach their expected goal in 2010; however, the person-days of ATX prescriptions have increased constantly since entering the market in 2007. Compared with patients newly diagnosed with ADHD in 2009, those newly diagnosed in 2010 were less likely to be treated with medication. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that negative publicity affected the writing of stimulant prescriptions for ADHD patients throughout Taiwan. Media reporting has a vital role in influencing children with ADHD, their parents, and their willingness to accept pharmacotherapy as treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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243
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Li XY, Luo BL, Wang LJ, Zhang WD, Liu ZG. 15-Deoxy-prostaglandin J2 anti-inflammation in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and human bronchial epithelial cells via Nrf2 activation. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:14037-42. [PMID: 26535717 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.29.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes, and it plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) plays a protective role against oxidative stress and inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. In a previous study, we found that 15d-PGJ2 increased the expression of Nrf2 in a COPD rat model. This study aims to elucidate the role of 15d-PGJ2 in COPD pathogenesis and the relationship between Nrf2 and human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Normal HBE (HBE) cells were cultured. Following cigarette smoke extract (CSE) stimulation, pre-incubation with or without small interfering RNA (siRNA) Nrf2, and stimulation with or without 15d-PGJ2, the expression levels of Nrf2, NF-κBp65, and IL-8 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. The expression of NF-κBp65 and IL-8 in CSE-stimulated normal HBE cells was inhibited by 15d-PGJ2 at both the mRNA level and the protein level. Moreover, the expression of Nrf2 in normal HBE cells was improved by 15d-PGJ2 at both the mRNA level and the protein level. However, the inhibitory or improving effects of 15d-PGJ2 were disengaged by siRNA Nrf2 at both the mRNA level and the protein level. 15d-PGJ2 possesses anti-inflammatory properties in the pathogenesis of COPD, and HBE cells stimulated by CSE via Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - B L Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - L J Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - W D Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Z G Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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244
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Zhan SY, Chen L, Li L, Wang LJ, Zhong T, Zhang HP. Molecular characterization and expression patterns of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein genes in postnatal Nanjiang brown goats. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:12547-60. [PMID: 26505405 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.16.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) play a key role in modulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and are considered candidate genes for growth traits in livestock. In this study, we identified the complete coding sequences of IGFBP-1 to -6 in the Nanjiang brown goat, and assessed gene tissue expression patterns by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expression of mRNA for the six gene targets was detectable in liver, heart, and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. Expression levels of IGFBP-1, -2 and -5 mRNA were higher in liver than in heart and LD muscle (P < 0.01), while IGFBP-6 expression was highest in LD muscle, and IGFBP-3 and -4 were predominantly expressed in LD muscle and liver. Higher IGFBP-2, -3, -4, and -6 mRNA levels were observed in LD, compared to triceps brachii muscle (P < 0.01). Additionally, the target genes had different temporal expression profiles during postnatal development. Histological assessment of muscle sections revealed a constant increase in muscle fiber diameter with aging. These results suggest that IGFBPs may be important for liver and skeletal muscle development, and may contribute to the biological function of these tissues in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Zhan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - L Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - L Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - L J Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - T Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - H P Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
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245
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Shyu YC, Yuan SS, Lee SY, Yang CJ, Yang KC, Lee TL, Wang LJ. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate use and the risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. Schizophr Res 2015; 168:161-7. [PMID: 26363968 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study estimated the risk of developing psychotic disorders by comparing children with ADHD to non-ADHD controls, and to examine whether methylphenidate (MPH) treatment influences the risks of psychotic disorders. A nationwide cohort of patients who were newly diagnosed with ADHD (n=73,049) and age- and gender-matched controls (n=73,049) were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from January 2000 to December 2011. All participants were observed until December 31, 2011. Cox regression models were used to estimate the effects of ADHD diagnosis and MPH use on subsequent outcomes. Having a diagnosis of any psychotic disorder and of schizophrenia were set as two different outcomes and were analyzed separately. Compared to the control group, the ADHD group showed significantly increased risk of developing any psychotic disorder (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 5.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.30-6.30) and schizophrenia (aHR, 4.65; 95% CI, 3.59-6.04). Compared to ADHD patients without psychosis, patients with ADHD who developed psychosis had significantly older age at first diagnosis of ADHD (9.4±3.3years vs. 10.6±4.0years). Among patients with ADHD, MPH use significantly increased the risk of developing any psychotic disorder (aHR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.04-1.40), but did not increase the risk of developing schizophrenia (aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.94-1.42). The results indicated that previous diagnoses of ADHD are a powerful indicator of developing psychotic disorders. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms of the relationships between ADHD, MPH use and psychotic disorders need further elucidation in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Yang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Chung Yang
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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246
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Wang LJ, Cochet O, Wang XJ, Krzystyniak A, Misawa R, Golab K, Tibudan M, Grose R, Savari O, Millis JM, Witkowski P. Donor height in combination with islet donor score improves pancreas donor selection for pancreatic islet isolation and transplantation. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1972-4. [PMID: 25131085 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To maximize the islet isolation yield for successful islet transplantation, the key task has been to identify an ideal pancreas donor. Since implementation of the islet donor score in donor selection, we have consistently obtained higher islet yields and transplantation rates. In this study, we tested whether assessing donor height as an independent variable in combination with the donor score could improve the pancreas donor selection. Donor and islet isolation information (n = 22) were collected and studied between 2011 and 2012. Pearson correlation analysis was used in statistical analysis. Donor height as an independent variable was significantly correlated to the weight of the pancreas, pre-Islet Equivalents (pre-IEQ), post-IEQ, and IDS (P < .05). When donor with height of 179 cm ± 3 was selected in combination with IDS > 80, the clinical islet transplantation rate reached 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - O Cochet
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - X J Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - A Krzystyniak
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - R Misawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - K Golab
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - M Tibudan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - R Grose
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - O Savari
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - J M Millis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - P Witkowski
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
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247
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Miao K, Zhang JW, Sun XL, Wang SG, Zhang AM, Liang K, Wang LJ. High accuracy measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting in a ¹¹³Cd⁺ microwave clock. Opt Lett 2015; 40:4249-4252. [PMID: 26371908 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.004249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A microwave frequency standard based on laser-cooled (113)Cd(+) ions has been developed in recent years, and the short-term frequency instability is measured to be 6.1×10(-13)/√τ. By comparing the Cd(+) clock to a superior frequency reference, the ground-state hyperfine splitting of (113)Cd(+) is measured precisely to be 15199862855.0192(10) Hz with a fractional precision of 6.6×10(-14). This result is consistent with previous results, and the measurement precision is improved by nearly one order more than the best result reported before.
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248
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Gao C, Wang B, Zhu X, Yuan YB, Wang LJ. Dissemination stability and phase noise characteristics in a cascaded, fiber-based long-haul radio frequency dissemination network. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:093111. [PMID: 26429433 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To study the dissemination stability and phase noise characteristics of the cascaded fiber-based RF dissemination, we perform an experiment using three sets of RF modulated frequency dissemination systems. The experimental results show that the total transfer stability of the cascaded system can be given by σ(T)(2)=∑(i=1)(N)σ(i)(2) (σ(i) is the frequency dissemination stability of the ith segment and N is the quantity of segments). Furthermore, for each segment, the phase noise of recovered frequency signal is also measured. The results show that for an N-segment, cascaded dissemination system, its stability degrades only by a factor of N. This sub-linear relation makes the cascaded, RF-dissemination method a very attractive one for long-haul, time and frequency dissemination network.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gao
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - B Wang
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X Zhu
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y B Yuan
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L J Wang
- Joint Institute for Measurement Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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249
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Abstract
In this research, the possible neuropsychological predictors of relapse and dropout of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for methamphetamine (MA) users were explored. Participants were 42 MA users sentenced by the judicial system to take part in an out-patient relapse prevention program for MA abuse and dependence that employs a CBT model once a week over the course of 12 weeks. Baseline neuropsychological functions were evaluated with the Conners' Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Iowa Gambling Task, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. All participants had to submit to urine drug tests every week. Of the 42 participants, 69.0% had a MA positive urine screening result at least once throughout the program (relapse), while 40.5% dropped out of the treatment program prior to its completion. Short duration of MA abstinence at baseline and poor attention predicted relapse. Predictors of dropout included being unmarried and having risky decision making. Findings may be helpful for clinicians, who can screen for the aforementioned risk factors and provide strategies for high-risk patients to help prevent relapse and dropout among MA users in treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chih Chen
- a Department of Psychiatry , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung , Keelung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- b Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung , Keelung, Taiwan, and Chang Gung University, School of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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250
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Wang LJ, Chen CK, Huang YS. Gender Differences in the Behavioral Symptoms and Neuropsychological Performance of Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treated with Methylphenidate: A Two-Year Follow-up Study. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2015; 25:501-8. [PMID: 26262904 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2014.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the gender differences in behavioral symptoms, as rated by various informants, and in neuropsychological performance, among patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treated with methylphenidate during 24 months in a clinical setting. METHODS Study participants comprised 128 boys (mean age: 13.2±2.4 years) and 26 girls (mean age: 12.8±1.0 years) with ADHD. All patients were prescribed short-acting oral methylphenidate, taken two or three times daily; each dose ranged between 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg. At the baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months later, behavioral symptoms were evaluated using the parent and teacher forms of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV (SNAP-IV) scale for ADHD and the ADHD Rating Scale (completed by a child psychiatrist). In addition, neuropsychological function was assessed using the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) at each interval. RESULTS Although both the boys and girls exhibited a significant decrease in the ADHD symptoms observed by parents and clinicians, the girls improved more than the boys did. Based on the teacher reports, neither the boys nor the girls exhibited significant decreases in ADHD symptoms. The symptoms rated by teachers were more severe in the boys than in the girls throughout the first 12 months; however, the gender difference lessened after 12 months. Based on the TOVA assessment, a composite score (containing response time, response time variability, and ADHD score obtained using the TOVA) did not indicate differences between genders. However, another composite score (containing omission errors, commission errors, and response sensitivity) suggested significant improvement only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that according to a longitudinal follow-up, behavioral and neuropsychological changes among patients with ADHD might differ between genders. Gathering multidimensional information from patients with ADHD is essential in determining how gender modifies the functional outcome of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung , Keelung, Taiwan .,3 Chang Gung University School of Medicine , Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- 3 Chang Gung University School of Medicine , Taoyuan, Taiwan .,4 Department of Child Psychiatry and Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko , Taoyuan, Taiwan
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