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Chang JI, Chen YJ. Effects of bulking agents on food waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:5917-5924. [PMID: 20385493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 02/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of rice husk, sawdust and rice bran on the composting process of food waste were studied in a 180-L laboratory composter based on a mixture experimental design. Linear and quadratic models of seven important process characteristics (composting and acidification times, lowest and final pH values, highest temperature, the water-soluble organic carbon to water-soluble organic nitrogen (C(OW)/N(OW) ratio), and the water-soluble organic carbon to total organic nitrogen (C(OW)/N(OT)) ratio) in terms of fractional compositions of bulking agents as well as the water absorption capacity and the free air space of the composting matrix were developed.
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Chen YJ, Tao J, Xiong F, Zhu JB, Gu N, Geng KK. Characterization and in vitro cellular uptake of PEG coated iron oxide nanoparticles as MRI contrast agent. DIE PHARMAZIE 2010; 65:481-486. [PMID: 20662315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs), coated with PEG at different molecular weight, were prepared via self-assembly method. The particle diameters were measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope. Increasing the molecular weight of PEG in the coating polymer increased the overall particles diameter. As coating thickness increased, the saturation magnetization (Ms) and T2 relaxivity decreased. The interactions of these MNPs with macrophage cells were also investigated. The results showed that cellular uptakes of MNPs depended on nanoparticle concentration and surface chemistry. The results of this study will have implications on the chemical design of nanomaterials for bio-imaging and bio-detection.
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178
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Li CB, Chen YJ, Xu XL, Huang M, Hu TJ, Zhou GH. Effects of low-voltage electrical stimulation and rapid chilling on meat quality characteristics of Chinese Yellow crossbred bulls. Meat Sci 2010; 72:9-17. [PMID: 20416844 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of low-voltage electrical stimulation (LVES) and rapid chilling (RC) treatments on the quality characteristics of beef carcasses were evaluated, including the rate of pH and temperature decline, evaporative loss of carcasses, purge loss, cooking loss, and shear force values of m. longissimus steaks. Each carcass of 28 Chinese Yellow crossbred (SimmentalxYanbian) bulls was subjected to one of the four treatments, i.e., electrical stimulation and conventional chilling (ES/NR), electrical stimulation and rapid chilling (ES/RC), no electrical stimulation and rapid chilling (NE/RC), or no electrical stimulation and conventional chilling (NE/NR). Carcass pH and temperature were measured at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 24h post-mortem. After that, a 2.5-cm-thick m. longissimus steak was taken from the right side of each carcass and used for analyses of purge loss, cooking loss and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF). The results showed that LVES accelerated the rate of carcass pH decline (P<0.05) and rapid chilling increased the rate of carcass temperature decline (P<0.05). There was no significant difference found for the mean carcass evaporative losses from all treatments (P>0.05). Mean purge losses for m. longissimus steaks from rapidly chilled carcasses were lower (P<0.05) than those from conventionally chilled carcasses. Electrical stimulation had no impact on m. longissimus steak purge losses (P>0.05). Rapid chilling significantly decreased (P<0.05) the cooking loss of m. longissimus steaks from electrically stimulated carcasses whilst it increased the cooking loss of m. longissimus steaks from carcasses without stimulation (P<0.05). LVES increased (P<0.05) cooking loss of m. longissimus steaks from conventionally chilled carcasses, but had no effect under the procedure of pre-rigor rapid chilling (P>0.05). The lowest mean shear force value was found for the ES/NR-treated m. longissimus steaks, whilst the highest one for the NE/RC-treated carcasses (P<0.05). Regression analyses indicated that carcass pH at 1h post-mortem was the most useful predictor for beef shear force. Abattoirs processing Chinese Yellow bulls could optimize meat quality by using low-voltage stimulation together with pre-rigor rapid chilling.
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Chen YJ, Hu B. Role of ionization in orientation dependence of molecular high-order harmonic generation. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:244109. [PMID: 20059056 DOI: 10.1063/1.3275964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the orientation dependence of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from O(2) and CO(2) molecules using the strong-field approximation (SFA). Our simulations reveal the important modulation of the ionization to the HHG orientation dependence, especially at larger orientation angles. By virtue of a simplified model arising from the SFA, we show that this modulation can be read from the harmonic order where the HHG spectra at different orientation angles intersect. These results give suggestions on probing the molecular structure and dynamics using HHG.
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Wu M, Gong Z, Kuehne AJ, Kanibolotsky AL, Chen YJ, Perepichka IF, Mackintosh AR, Gu E, Skabara PJ, Pethrick RA, Dawson MD. Hybrid GaN/organic microstructured light-emitting devices via ink-jet printing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:16436-16443. [PMID: 19770858 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.016436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report what we believe to be the first use of organic nanostructures for efficient colour conversion of gallium nitride light emitting diodes (LEDs). The particular nanomaterials, based on star-shaped truxene oligofluorenes, offer an attractive alternative to inorganic colloidal quantum dots in the search for novel and functional 'nanophosphors'. The truxenes have been formed into a composite with photoresist and ink-jet printed onto microstructured gallium nitride LEDs, resulting in a demonstrator hybrid microdisplay technology with pixel size approximately 32 microm. The output power density of the hybrid device was measured to be approximately 8.4 mW/cm(2) per pixel at driving current density of 870.8A/cm(2) and the efficiency of colour conversion at drive current of 7 mA was estimated to be approximately 50%.
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Li XY, Lian HZ, Mao L, Chen YJ, Hu X, Qiao JQ, Sheng D. A non-element-enriched, non-lyophilized candidate rat serum reference material prepared for once use in determination of inorganic elements by ICP-MS. Talanta 2009; 78:1389-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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182
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Huang YL, Chen YJ, Lin MW, Wu CY, Liu PC, Chen TJ, Chen YC, Jih JS, Chen CC, Lee DD, Chang YT, Wang WJ, Liu HN. Malignancies associated with dermatomyositis and polymyositis in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:854-60. [PMID: 19558555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) carried an increased risk of cancers. However, no large-scale study of IIM has been conducted in the Chinese population. OBJECTIVES We sought to delineate the association of IIM and various cancer types from a nationwide database in Taiwan. METHODS We analysed the published national data from records of National Health Insurance claims. Cases of dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) from 2000 to 2005 and cancers registered in the catastrophic illness profile from 1997 to 2006 were collected. A nationally representative cohort of 1,000,000 enrollees was included for comparison. RESULTS In total, 136 patients (12.8%) among 1059 cases of DM and 46 persons (7.0%) among 661 cases of PM carried internal malignancies. Patients with DM tended to have cancers of nasopharynx, lung and breast. On the other hand, patients with PM tended to have breast, uterine cervix and lung cancers. Compared with the general population, DM gave a 10-fold increased risk for cancers, in which a 66-fold increased risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and a 31-fold increased risk for lung cancer were the two most significant. For patients with PM, a 6-fold increased risk for cancer was observed. Juvenile DM had a 16-fold increased risk for haematopoietic or lymphoid malignancy. Two thirds of comorbid malignancies were detected shortly after the diagnoses of IIM, within a mean of 1-2 years. Overall, younger patients with IIM carried the highest risk for malignancies, especially those in their twenties and thirties. CONCLUSIONS This is the first large-scale study to report the associated malignancies and the cancer risk of IIM in Taiwan.
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Whang LM, Yang KH, Yang YF, Han YL, Chen YJ, Cheng SS. Microbial ecology and performance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in biological processes treating petrochemical wastewater with high strength of ammonia: effect of Na(2)CO(3) addition. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2009; 59:223-231. [PMID: 19182331 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated nitrification performance and microbial ecology of AOB in a full-scale biological process, powder activated carbon treatment (PACT), and a pilot-scale biological process, moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), treating wastewater collected from a petrochemical industry park. The petrochemical influent wastewater characteristics showed a relative low carbon to nitrogen ratio around 1 with average COD and ammonia concentrations of 310 mg/L and 325 mg-N/L, respectively. The average nitrification efficiency of the full-scale PACT process was around 11% during this study. For the pilot-scale MBBR, the average nitrification efficiency was 24% during the Run I operation mode, which provided a slightly better performance in nitrification than that of the PACT process. During the Run II operation, the pH control mode was switched from addition of NaOH to Na(2)CO(3), leading to a significant improvement in nitrification efficiency of 51%. In addition to a dramatic change in nitrification performance, the microbial ecology of AOB, monitored with the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) molecular methodology, was found to be different between Runs I and II. The amoA-based TRFLP results indicated that Nitrosomonas europaea lineage was the dominant AOB population during Run I operation, while Nitrosospira-like AOB was dominant during Run II operation. To confirm the effects of Na(2)CO(3) addition on the nitrification performance and AOB microbial ecology observed in the MBBR process, batch experiments were conducted. The results suggest that addition of Na(2)CO(3) as a pH control strategy can improve nitrification performance and also influence AOB microbial ecology as well. Although the exact mechanisms are not clear at this time, the results showing the effects of adding different buffering chemicals such as NaOH or Na(2)CO(3) on AOB populations have never been demonstrated until this study.
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Chen YJ, Wong SHS, Chan COW, Wong CK, Lam CW, Siu PMF. Effects of glycemic index meal and CHO-electrolyte drink on cytokine response and run performance in endurance athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2008; 12:697-703. [PMID: 18789762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the glycemic index (GI) of a pre-exercise (PRE-ex) meal on plasma cytokine responses and endurance performance when carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO-E) drink was consumed during exercise. METHODS Eight endurance-trained male runners (age: 28.6+/-2.7 years; body mass: 61.9+/-1.71 kg; V O(2max): 58.5+/-1.6 ml kg(-1)min(-1)) completed three trials in a randomized order. The pre-exercise meal consisted of either high-GI (HGI) (GI=83), low-GI (LGI) foods (GI=36) or control (CON) (low energy sugar-free jelly) was given to the participant 2h before a 21-km performance run on a level treadmill. During each trial, 2 ml kg(-1) BM of 6.6% CHO-E solution was consumed immediately before exercise and every 2.5-km afterward. Blood samples were collected before (pre-meal), and 120 min after ingestion the meal (120 min), immediately (POST), and 60 min (POST-60 min) after exercise. RESULTS No difference was found in time to complete the 21-km run between LGI and HGI. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) level increased by more than 100 times immediately after exercise in the three trials and returned to the basal level only on LGI at POST-60 min. In contrast, interleukin-2 (IL-2) level showed a transitory decrease at POST on CON (p<0.001). Glucose concentrations did not recover to the pre-meal level by POST-60 min on HGI only. Cortisol concentrations increased throughout the exercise and were lower on LGI when compared with CON (p<0.05) at POST-60 min. CONCLUSIONS HGI and LGI demonstrated similar performance when CHO-E solution was consumed during a 21-km run. However, pre-exercise LGI meal attenuated the increases in cortisol and quickened the recovery of the increased IL-6 value.
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Liu CJ, Wang CH, Chien CC, Yang TY, Chen ST, Leng WH, Lee CF, Lee KH, Hwu Y, Lee YC, Cheng CL, Yang CS, Chen YJ, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Enhanced x-ray irradiation-induced cancer cell damage by gold nanoparticles treated by a new synthesis method of polyethylene glycol modification. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:295104. [PMID: 21730596 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/29/295104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We explored a very interesting gold nanoparticle system-pegylated gold in colloidal solution-and analyzed its uptake by mice colorectal adenocarcinoma CT26 tumor cells and the impact on the cell's response to x-ray irradiation. We found that exposure to polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified ('pegylated') 4.7 ± 2.6 nm gold nanoparticles synthesized by a novel synchrotron-based method enhances the response of CT26 cells to x-ray irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy revealed that substantial amounts of such nanoparticles are taken up and absorbed by the cells and this conclusion is supported by quantitative induced coupled plasma (ICP) results. Standard tests indicated that the internalized particles are highly biocompatible but strongly enhance the cell damage induced by x-ray irradiation. Synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy analyzed the chemical aspects of this phenomenon: the appearance of C = O stretching bond spectral features could be used as a marker for cell damage and confirmed the enhancement of the radiation-induced toxicity for cells.
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186
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Chan KOW, Wong SHS, Chen YJ. Effects of a hot environment on simulated cycling and running performance in triathletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2008; 48:149-157. [PMID: 18427408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the effects of a hot environment on metabolic responses, thermoregulation, and performance during simulated cycling and running in triathletes. METHODS Seven male triathletes completed two trials in moderate (22+/-0.2 degrees C, 76+/-2% relative humidity, M) and hot (31.2+/-0.2 degrees C, 76.4+/-1.6% relative humidity, H) environmental conditions separated by at least 7 days. The subjects were required to complete a self-paced 40 km simulated cycling, followed by a 10 km run on a treadmill for as fast as possible in both trials. RESULTS The overall performance time was faster in M than H (M vs H, 119+/-6 min vs 127+/-6 min, P<0.01). Moreover, there were no differences in the cycling time between the two trials, but the run time was faster in M (M vs H, 51+/-4 min vs 59+/-5 min, P<0.05) than in H. Ad libitum water consumption was higher in H than in M (H vs M, 970+/-231 mL min(-1) vs 547+/-131 mL min(-1) P<0.05), and the mean skin temperature was also higher in H than in M throughout the exercise (H vs M, 35.3+/-0.1 vs 33.3+/-0.1 degrees C, P<0.05). However, there were no differences in rectal temperature, blood lactate, blood glucose, body mass change, plasma volume change, osmolality, carbohydrate oxidation, and fat oxidation between the trials. CONCLUSION The results suggested that triathletes reduced their running performance after a 40 km simulated cycling when the ambient temperature was high.
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Chen BG, Chang CD, Wang CT, Chen YJ, Chang WT, Wang SM, Liu RH. A novel approach to evaluate the extent and the effect of cross-contribution to the intensity of ions designating the analyte and the internal standard in quantitative GC-MS analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:598-608. [PMID: 18296064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods of analysis adopting the analyte's isotopic analog as the internal standard (IS), the cross-contribution (CC) phenomenon -- contribution of IS to the intensities of the ions designating the analyte, and vice versa -- has been demonstrated to affect the quantitation data. A novel approach based on the deviations of the empirically observed concentrations of a set of standards was developed to assess the accuracy of the empirically derived CC data. This approach demonstrated that normalization of ion intensities derived from the analyte and the IS generates reliable CC data. It further demonstrated that an ion-pair (designating the analyte and the IS) with approximately 5% or higher CC will result in a very limited linear calibration range.
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Lee SH, Chen YC, Chen SY, Lin CI, Chen YJ, Chen SA. Swelling activated chloride currents in the electrical activity of pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes. Eur J Clin Invest 2008; 38:17-23. [PMID: 18173547 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary veins (PVs) contain cardiomyocytes with a high arrhythmogenicity for inducing atrial fibrillation. The swelling-activated outwardly rectifying Cl(-) currents (I(Cl,swell)) are important in the electrical activity of cardiomyocytes. This study was to investigate whether I(Cl,swell) play a role in the PV electrophysiological characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A whole-cell patch clamp was used to investigate the action potentials and I(Cl,swell) in isolated rabbit single PV and atrial cardiomyocytes during immersion in isotonic (290-300 mosm L(-1)) and hypotonic (220-230 mosm L(-1)) solutions. The cell length and cell width were measured using confocal microscopy. RESULTS Hypotonic solution induced larger I(Cl,swell) in the PV cardiomyocytes with pacemaker activity than those in the PV cardiomyocytes without pacemaker activity or atrial cardiomyocytes. Hypotonic solution shortened the action potential duration and increased the cell width to a greater extent in the PV cardiomyocytes than in the atrial cardiomyocytes. Moreover, hypotonic solution decreased the PV firing with a decrease in the transient inward currents and delayed after depolarizations. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the I(Cl,swell) plays an important role in the electrical activity of the PV cardiomyocytes.
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Sung PL, Chen YJ, Liu RS, Shieh HJ, Wang PH, Yen MS, Wen KC, Shen SH, Lai CR, Yuan CC. Whole-body positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose is an effective method to detect extra-pelvic recurrence in uterine sarcomas. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2008; 29:246-251. [PMID: 18592788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION To assess the clinical use of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the post-therapy surveillance of uterine sarcoma. METHODS Eight whole-body FDG-PET studies were performed in seven women with previously treated uterine sarcoma. Conventional image studies (computed tomography) and physical examinations were performed for follow-up. All FDG-PET studies were indicated to localize suspected recurrences noted by conventional methods. RESULTS The per case sensitivity of the FDG-PET studies and CT scans was 85.7% (6/7) and 100% (7/7), respectively (p = 0.174). FDG-PET was able to detect seven extrapelvic metastastic sites below the diaphragm (7/7, sensitivity: 100%), including the liver, spleen, paraaortic lymph node, spine and paracolic gutter, as well as pulmonary lesions in five patients, while the CT scan detected only three lesions (3/7, sensitivity: 42.9%; p = 0.070). FDG-PET detected only four recurrent pelvic lesions (4/6) and CT scan detected six (6/6) recurrent pelvic lesions (66.7% vs 100%, p = 0.455). CONCLUSIONS The FDG-PET showed a better detection rate than the abdominal CT scan for extrapelvic metastatic lesions and a similar detection rate as well as abdominal CT scan. FDG-PET can serve as a useful detection tool for patients with uterine sarcomas because nearly 80% of recurrence involve an extrapelvic site.
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Liu RH, Wu CH, Chen YJ, Chang CD, Linville JG, Canfield DV. Intensity of the Internal Standard Response as the Basis for Reporting a Test Specimen as Negative or Inconclusive. J Anal Toxicol 2007; 31:549-54. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/31.9.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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191
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Hong YC, Liu HM, Chen PS, Chen YJ, Lyou JY, Hu HY, Yi MF, Lin JS, Tzeng CH. Hair follicle: a reliable source of recipient origin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007; 40:871-4. [PMID: 17704789 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Blood, buccal swab and hair follicles are among the most commonly used sources for forensic science, parentage testing and personal identification. A total of 29 patients who have had a sustained engraftment from 15 months to 21.5 years after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) without rejection, relapse or chronic GVHD involving oral mucosa were enrolled for a chimerism study. PCR-amplified short tandem repeat analyses were conducted per patient every 3 months for at least three consecutive times. The results for blood were all donor type except one who had a mixed chimerism, 14.5 years after receiving a transplant for lymphoma. As for buccal swab, mixed chimerism ranging from 10 to 96% donor origin was noted for 28 recipients except the one who had mixed chimerism of blood and retained total recipient type. In contrast, hair follicles were 100% recipient type for the entire group. It is concluded that the hair follicle is devoid of adult stem cell plasticity and may serve as a reliable source of recipient's origin when pre-transplant DNA fingerprinting or reference DNA is not available for people who have successfully received allogeneic HSCT while in need of a personal identification.
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Chang MC, Uang BJ, Tsai CY, Wu HL, Lin BR, Lee CS, Chen YJ, Chang CH, Tsai YL, Kao CJ, Jeng JH. Hydroxychavicol, a novel betel leaf component, inhibits platelet aggregation by suppression of cyclooxygenase, thromboxane production and calcium mobilization. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 152:73-82. [PMID: 17641677 PMCID: PMC1978281 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Platelet hyperactivity is important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Betel leaf (PBL) is consumed by 200-600 million betel quid chewers in the world. Hydroxychavicol (HC), a betel leaf component, was tested for its antiplatelet effect. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We tested the effect of HC on platelet aggregation, thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, ex vivo platelet aggregation and mouse bleeding time and platelet plug formation in vivo. The pharmacokinetics of HC in rats was also assessed. KEY RESULTS HC inhibited arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation and TXB(2) production. HC inhibited the thrombin-induced TXB(2) production, but not platelet aggregation. SQ29548, suppressed collagen- and thrombin-induced TXB(2) production, but not thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. HC also suppressed COX-1/COX-2 enzyme activity and the AA-induced ROS production and Ca(2+) mobilization. HC further inhibited the ex vivo platelet aggregation of platelet-rich plasma (>100 nmole/mouse) and prolonged platelet plug formation (>300 nmole/mouse) in mesenteric microvessels, but showed little effect on bleeding time in mouse tail. Moreover, pharmacokinetics analysis found that more than 99% of HC was metabolized within 3 min of administration in Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS HC is a potent COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor, ROS scavenger and inhibits platelet calcium signaling, TXB(2) production and aggregation. HC could be a potential therapeutic agent for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases through its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects, without effects on haemostatic functions.
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Lian HZ, Bi SP, Chen YJ, Dai LM, Cao M, Li HM, Tian LC. DIRECT DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM IN DRINKING AND NATURAL WATERS AS 8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE CHELATE BY RP-HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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194
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Lin IT, Chang WH, Shih SC, Lin SC, Chen YJ, Wang HY, Chu CH, Wang TE, Liou TC, Shyung LR, Bair MJ. Successful endoscopic polypectomy for colonic vascular ectasia presenting as pedunculated polypoid lesion. Endoscopy 2007; 39 Suppl 1:E253-4. [PMID: 17957630 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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195
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Chen YJ, Zhang M, Wang JJ. Study on the effects of mechanical pressure to the ultrastructure and secretion ability of mandibular condylar chondrocytes. Arch Oral Biol 2007; 52:173-81. [PMID: 17056002 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2006.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 08/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During mandibular movement, condyle is subjected to repetitive compression and the mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) can detect and respond to this biomechanical environment by altering their metabolism. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pressure to the ultrastructure, aggrecan synthesis, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin F(1)alpha(PGF(1)alpha) secretion in MCCs. In vitro cultured rabbit MCCs were incubated and pressed under continuous pressure of 90kPa for 60min and 360min by hydraulic pressure controlled cellular strain unit. The ultrastructure, aggrecan mRNA expression, activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and PGF(1)alpha secretion were investigated. Besides, nitric oxide inhibitor was used together with pressure to investigate the role of NO in mechanical effects. The appearance of MCC on TEM showed that after been pressed under 90kPa for 60min, the cellular processes became elongated and voluminous, together with aggrecan mRNA increasing. Under 90kPa for 360min, some of the cells showed distinct sign of apotosis and the aggrecan mRNA decreased. Pressure of 90kPa could cause increase of NOS activity and decrease of PGF(1)alpha composition. Inhibitor experiments indicated that pressure-induced upregulation of aggrecan mRNA and inhibition of PGF(1)alpha synthesis was partly mediated by NO. Continuous pressure could cause changes on the ultrastructure and function of MCC, as well as up-regulation of aggrecan synthesis, increase of NO secretion and decrease of PGF(1)alpha composition. NO was the upstream molecule, which mediated the response of aggrecan and PGF(1)alpha to mechanical pressure.
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Liu JH, Yu BY, Chen YJ. Determination of enantiomeric excess of ethyl 3,5-dihydroxy-6-benzyloxy hexanoate by chiral reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Chirality 2007; 20:51-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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197
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Liao HF, Chiang LM, Yen CC, Chen YY, Zhuang RR, Lai LY, Chiang J, Chen YJ. Effect of a periodized exercise training and active recovery program on antitumor activity and development of dendritic cells. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2006; 46:307-14. [PMID: 16823363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that promote antitumor immunity in vivo when pulsed with tumor antigen. No studies have indicated that exercise training affects DC function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 5-week periodized exercise training and active recovery program on the development of DCs, and to test their effect on the antitumor immunity of mononuclear cells (MNC) from blood and spleen against human leukemic U937 and murine lymphoma Yac-1 cells, respectively. METHODS Male Fisher 344 rats were divided into 2 groups: exercise and non-exercise group. The training protocol consisted of running on a motor-driven treadmill 6 days a week for consecutive 5 weeks, during which the running time, treadmill speed, and incline gradient were increased weekly. Active recovery parameters were set at 30% of the intensity of the previous day. RESULTS DC numbers increased significantly (P<0.05) in the exercise group compared to controls, but there were no significant changes in the expression of surface antigens CD80 and CD86. In exercise group MNC-conditioned medium (CM) prepared with 50 microg/mL phytohemagglutinin (PHA) significantly inhibited proliferation of U937 cells, and splenocyte-CM with PHA at 20 and 40 microg/mL significantly inhibited proliferation of YAC-1 cells greater than control group. CONCLUSIONS The 5-week periodized exercise training with active recovery promotes the number of DCs and enhances the activity of DCs against tumor cells.
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Zhang X, Fei Z, Chen YJ, Fu LA, Zhang JN, Liu WP, He XS, Jiang XF. Facial nerve function after excision of large acoustic neuromas via the suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. J Clin Neurosci 2006; 12:405-8. [PMID: 15925770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2004.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2004] [Accepted: 03/23/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We review our results for facial nerve preservation in 105 patients with large acoustic neuromas (diameter 4.0 cm or larger) undergoing excision via the suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. Microneurosurgical techniques and facial nerve monitoring were used. Complete tumor removal was achieved in 91 cases (86.7%) and subtotal removal in 14 (13.3%). There were two postoperative deaths (1.9%). The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in 83 (79.1%) patients. Using the House-Brackmann grading system, facial nerve function was assessed immediately after surgery, at the time of discharge and 1 year after surgery. Excellent function (Grades I and II) was present in 41.0%, 41.8%, and 56.7% of patients at each time interval, respectively, with acceptable function (Grade I-IV) in 78.5% (68/87 cases) at follow-up assessment at one year. The suboccipital retrosigmoid approach resulted in good anatomical and functional preservation of the facial nerve during excision of large acoustic neuromas, with minimal other morbidity and low mortality. We recommend this approach for excision of large acoustic neuromas.
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Chen YJ, Chen PS, Liu HM, Lyou JY, Hu HY, Lin JS, Tzeng CH. Novel polymorphisms in exons 6 and 7 of A/B alleles detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. Vox Sang 2006; 90:119-27. [PMID: 16430670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system in transfusion medicine. In addition to the major A, B and O alleles, many rare alleles have been defined. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and analysis by PCR sequence specific primers (SSP) are commonly conducted for genotyping but have the limitation of being unable to detect unknown substitution(s) in amplified DNA fragments, whereas PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) can be used for both. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-hundred unrelated blood donors of the AB phenotype were enrolled. Four pairs of primers were designed to constitute two sets of multiplex PCRs: this amplifies four fragments spanning the entire exon 6 and its immediate flanking regions, nucleotides 432-1065, as well as the 3' untranslated region of exon 7 of the ABO gene. The SSCP electrophoresis was carried out on a 12.5% polyacrylamide gel in a GenePhor electrophoresis unit. For those with unexpected banding patterns, SSCP analyses were performed in duplicate and samples were cloned and sequenced for exons 6 and 7. RESULTS Seven samples were noted to have six variant alleles, of which five have not been previously reported in the literature. Of these five novel variants, four were derived from the B allele, while the other derived from the A allele. CONCLUSIONS By using PCR-SSCP, five novel A/B alleles were found.
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Liu JH, Chen YG, Yu BY, Chen YJ. A novel ketone derivative of artemisinin biotransformed by Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1909-12. [PMID: 16434191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel ketone derivative of artemisinin, artemisitone-9, was produced by the biotransformation of cultured Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273. The structure of the ketone product was fully elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques, and the mechanism of generating such novel metabolite is also discussed.
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