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MUNTEANU C, ROTARIU M, DOGARU G, IONESCU EV, CIOBANU V, ONOSE G. Mud therapy and rehabilitation - scientific relevance in the last six years (2015 – 2020)
Systematic literature review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA paradigm. BALNEO AND PRM RESEARCH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2021.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background. Balneotherapy is a stimulation - adaptation treatment method applied in the forms of bathing, drinking, and inhalation cures performed with natural therapeutic factors, a method which is acting in three main ways: thermally, mechanically, and chemically. Mud or peloids are natural therapeutic factors formed by natural processes under the influence of biological and geological phenomena, which in a finely dissolved state and mixed with water (mud) are used in medical practice in the form of baths or local procedures.
Objective. This systematic review aims to rigorously select related articles and identify within their content, the main possible uses of therapeutic mud and physiological mechanisms, to see the main region of scientific interest for pelotherapy, and to discuss the value of mud therapy in rehabilitation medicine.
Methods. The working method is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched for open-access articles published in English, between January 2015 and December 2020, from the following databases: Cochrane, Elsevier, NCBI/PubMed, NCBI/PMC, PEDro, and ISI Web of Knowledge/Science (the latter was also used to identify ISI indexed articles). The contextually searched syntax used was ”Pelotherapy/Peloidotherapy/Mud-therapy/ /Fango-therapy AND Rehabilitation”. The selected articles were analyzed in detail regarding pathologies addressed by mud therapy and country scientific relevance for this therapeutic method. The meta-analysis proceeded was designated to estimate the prevalence of various pathologies in the use of mud therapy.
Results. Our search identified, first, 394 articles. Based on the successive filtering stages and, respectively, on the classification criteria of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), we finally identified/retained and analyzed 68 articles. Although, in principle, a rigorous method – and we have followed the PRISMA type paradigm – there still might be some missing works of our related article selection. On the other hand, to augment/ consolidate our documentation base, we have used also 40 papers freely found in the literature, and even – aiming, too, at an as exhaustive knowledge underpinning as possible – derogatively, we have also considered some articles which, probably being very new, couldn't yet have reached the PEDro threshold score we have settled.
Conclusions. This paper overviews the current state-of-the-art knowledge in the approach of peloidotherapy in rehabilitation, with a focal point on the therapeutic properties of peloids.
Keywords: mud-therapy, pelotherapy, peloidotherapy, fango therapy, rehabilitation, balneotherapy, natural therapeutic factors,
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin MUNTEANU
- 1. Romanian Association of Balneology, Bucharest, Romania 2. Teaching Emergency Hospital ”Bagdasar-Arseni”, Bucharest, Romania 3. Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, Iași, Romania
| | - Mariana ROTARIU
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, Iași, Romania
| | - Gabriela DOGARU
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 6. Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Valentina IONESCU
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanța, Romania 9. Computer Science Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad CIOBANU
- Computer Science Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gelu ONOSE
- 2. Teaching Emergency Hospital ”Bagdasar-Arseni”, Bucharest, Romania
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Whiteside TE, Qu W, DeVito MJ, Brar SS, Bradham KD, Nelson CM, Travlos GS, Kissling GE, Kurtz DM. Elevated Arsenic and Lead Concentrations in Natural Healing Clay Applied Topically as a Treatment for Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2020; 59:212-220. [PMID: 32059757 PMCID: PMC7073401 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative dermatitis in laboratory mice remains an ongoing clinical problem and animal welfare issue. Many products have been used to treat dermatitis in mice, with varying success. Recently, the topical administration of healing clays, such as bentonite and green clays, has been explored as a viable, natural treatment. We found high concentrations of arsenic and lead in experimental samples of therapeutic clay. Given the known toxic effects of these environmental heavy metals, we sought to determine whether the topical administration of a clay product containing bioavailable arsenic and lead exerted a biologic effect in mice that potentially could introduce unwanted research variability. Two cohorts of 20 singly housed, shaved, dermatitis free, adult male CD1 mice were dosed daily for 2 wk by topical application of saline or green clay paste. Samples of liver, kidney and whole blood were collected and analyzed for total arsenic and lead concentrations. Hepatic and renal concentrations of arsenic were not different between treated and control mice in either cohort; however, hepatic and renal concentrations of lead were elevated in clay treated mice compared to controls in both cohorts. In addition, in both cohorts, the activity of δ-aminolevulinate acid dehydratase, an enzyme involved with heme biosynthesis and a marker of lead toxicity, did not differ significantly between the clay-treated mice and controls. We have demonstrated that these clay products contain high concentrations of arsenic and lead and that topical application can result in the accumulation of lead in the liver and kidneys; however, these concentrations did not result in measurable biologic effects. These products should be used with caution, especially in studies of lead toxicity, heme biosynthesis, and renal α2 microglobulin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya E Whiteside
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Wei Qu
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Michael J DeVito
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Sukhdev S Brar
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Karen D Bradham
- Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Clay M Nelson
- Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Gregory S Travlos
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Grace E Kissling
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - David M Kurtz
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;,
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Liu C, Chen Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Ye J, Huang H, Zhu C. Temporal effects of repeated application of biogas slurry on soil antibiotic resistance genes and their potential bacterial hosts. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113652. [PMID: 31818620 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biogas slurry, a liquid end product of animal manure fermentation, is widely used as fertilizer in crop fields. Land application may introduce antibiotics and related resistance genes from livestock production into agricultural soil. Nevertheless, changes in antimicrobial resistance in soil where biogas slurry has been repeatedly applied are not fully understood. In the present study, 13 veterinary antibiotics were analyzed in soils that were repeatedly sprayed with biogas slurry, and simultaneously, temporal changes in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacterial community composition were investigated using a real-time quantitative PCR assay and MiSeq sequencing. Long-term repeated application of biogas slurry did not result in excessive accumulation of antibiotic residuals in the soil but increased the abundance of ARGs and facilitated ARG transfer among potential hosts. Although the quantitative PCR assay showed a decreasing trend for the relative abundance of ARGs over time, a relevance network analysis revealed highly complex bacteria-ARG co-occurrence after long-term application, which implied that repeated application might intensify horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs among different bacterial hosts in soil. The increased relative abundance of the intl1 gene supported the shift in ARG-bacteria co-occurrence. Furthermore, ordination analysis showed that the distributions of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and ARGs were closely related to application duration than to the influence of antibiotic residuals in the biogas slurry-treated soil environment. Additionally, natural level of ARG abundance in untreated soils indirectly suggested the presence/absence of antibiotics was not a key determinant causing the spread of antimicrobial resistance. This study provides improved insight into the effects of long-term repeated application of biogas slurry on the shift in ARG abundances and bacteria-ARG co-occurrence in soils, highlighting the need to focus on the influence of changed soil environment on the ARG transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongkun Huang
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Changxiong Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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The response of periodontal cells to kaolinite. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1205-1215. [PMID: 31420747 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impact of kaolinite on human periodontal cells is yet unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the response of human periodontal cells to kaolinite. METHODS Human periodontal cells were treated with kaolinite at reducing concentrations from 30 to 0.0015 mg/mL and with conditioned medium, which was depleted of kaolinite. Cell viability was evaluated with a resazurin-based toxicity assay, Live-Dead staining, and MTT assay and staining. The pro-angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were quantified via ELISA in periodontal fibroblasts. L-929, a standard cell-line used for cytotoxicity studies, served as control cell line. Composition of kaolinite was verified using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. RESULTS Kaolinite in suspension but not in conditioned medium impaired cell viability dose-dependently. VEGF, IL-6, and IL-8 production was not substantially modulated by kaolinite or the conditioned medium in periodontal cells. CONCLUSION Overall, kaolinite can decrease cell viability dose-dependently while conditioned medium showed no toxic effect. No pronounced impact of kaolinite on VEGF, IL-6, and IL-8 production was observed. This study provided first insights into the impact of kaolinite on human periodontal cells thereby inferring to the basis for the evaluation of kaolinite as a carrier in regenerative dentistry. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Kaolinite, a clay mineral, is successfully used in medicine due to its favorable properties. Also, applications in conservative dentistry are described. However, the response of oral cells to kaolinite is still unclear. Here, we assessed the impact of kaolinite on human periodontal cells.
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Lv G, Li Z, Elliott L, Schmidt MJ, MacWilliams MP, Zhang B. Impact of tetracycline-clay interactions on bacterial growth. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 370:91-97. [PMID: 28954700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are extremely effective against bacterial infections due to their selective toxicity for bacteria rather than the host. Extensive use and misuse of antibiotics resulted in significant increases in antibiotic levels in aquatic and soil environments. Bacteria exposed to antibiotics with low concentrations may develop antibiotic resistance. In this study a swelling 2:1 clay mineral montmorillonite (MMT) and a non-swelling 1:1 clay mineral kaolinite were premixed with tetracycline (TC) of varying concentrations. The gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) of both TC sensitive and TC resistant strains were tested for their growth in the presence TC-loaded clay minerals of different amounts and under different physico-chemical conditions. The antimicrobial activity of TC was significantly decreased in the presence of MMT. In the absence of MMT, no bacteria growth was found at a TC concentration 0.25mg/mL and above. On the contrast, in the presence of MMT, 50% growth was still found for a TC resistant E. coli at a TC concentration of 5mg/g. The influence of kaolinite was to a lesser degree. These results suggest that antimicrobial agents present in clayey soils could be responsible for possible mutation of bacteria of high antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin - Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141-2000, USA.
| | - Lisa Elliott
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141-2000, USA
| | - Monica J Schmidt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141-2000, USA
| | - Maria P MacWilliams
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141-2000, USA
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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Stavitskaya A, Batasheva S, Vinokurov V, Fakhrullina G, Sangarov V, Lvov Y, Fakhrullin R. Antimicrobial Applications of Clay Nanotube-Based Composites. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9050708. [PMID: 31067741 PMCID: PMC6567215 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes with different outer surface/inner lumen chemistry (SiO2/Al2O3) are natural objects with a 50 nm diameter hollow cylindrical structure, which are able to carry functional compounds both inside and outside. They are promising for biological applications where their drug loading capacity combined with a low toxicity ensures the safe interaction of these nanomaterials with living cells. In this paper, the antimicrobial properties of the clay nanotube-based composites are reviewed, including applications in microbe-resistant biocidal textile, paints, filters, and medical formulations (wound dressings, drug delivery systems, antiseptic sprays, and tissue engineering scaffolds). Though halloysite-based antimicrobial materials have been widely investigated, their application in medicine needs clinical studies. This review suggests the scalable antimicrobial nano/micro composites based on natural tubule clays and outlines research and development perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stavitskaya
- Functional Aluminosilicate Nanomaterials Lab, Gubkin University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Svetlana Batasheva
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Vinokurov
- Functional Aluminosilicate Nanomaterials Lab, Gubkin University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Gölnur Fakhrullina
- Functional Aluminosilicate Nanomaterials Lab, Gubkin University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Vadim Sangarov
- Functional Aluminosilicate Nanomaterials Lab, Gubkin University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuri Lvov
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA.
| | - Rawil Fakhrullin
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
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A Malvestiti J, F Dantas R. Influence of industrial contamination in municipal secondary effluent disinfection by UV/H 2O 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:13286-13298. [PMID: 30895554 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes, including UV/H2O2, are methods able to remove diverse classes of organic contaminants and disinfect water and wastewater. However, the variation in the matrix composition can influence the inactivation of microorganisms due to the presence of competing reactive material, which consumes the available oxidants. This problem can lead to the use of inadequate oxidant/radiation dose and disturb a correct treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of UV/H2O2 to inactivate microbiological indicators in secondary effluents in the presence of high concentration of carbonate, nitrate, metals, and industrial organic contaminants. Metals had a positive influence on inactivation acting as catalysts. Zn, Fe, and all metals simultaneously presented toxic effects to the indicator organisms in the higher concentrations before the treatment. Even in metals presence, the negative effect of carbonate and the industrial organic contaminants on indicators inactivation was very important. Bacteria regrowth after 72 h was also affected by the same inhibiting substances, but the metals acted positively inhibiting it. The disinfection indicators had different sensibilities to the spiked substances. Escherichia coli inactivation was more affected than total coliforms by the presence of the industrial contamination, which can lead to different interpretation of inhibition degree depending of the used disinfection indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Malvestiti
- School of Technology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Paschoal Marmo 1888, Limeira, SP, 13484332, Brazil
| | - Renato F Dantas
- School of Technology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Paschoal Marmo 1888, Limeira, SP, 13484332, Brazil.
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Photos-Jones E. From mine to apothecary: an archaeo-biomedical approach to the study of the Greco-Roman lithotherapeutics industry. WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY 2018; 50:418-433. [PMID: 31058277 PMCID: PMC6474730 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2018.1515034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Western biomedicine has only partially developed its own tradition of mineral medicinals (lithotherapeutics), at least compared to botanicals. This is perhaps because these minerals were site-specific, and fundamental information associated with the empirical processes of mineral extraction, beneficiation, storage, trade and preparation was not widely available. In other words, there are many and serious breaks in the multi-link chain from mine to apothecary. This long-term investigation aims to rebuild this chain, on a mineral-by-mineral basis, by pulling together the extant documentary record, material culture, mineralogy, geochemistry and microbial ecology, as well as by testing against known pathogens as an indicator of their antimicrobial activity. Critical to understanding the nature and efficacy of lithotherapeutics is the recognition that these materials need to be investigated simultaneously at two levels: the empirical (ancient sources and practices); and the biomedical (application of physical and biological sciences). Both approaches require the same starting point, namely the field (mine or quarry) and in particular the 'point of contact' (relationship) between minerals and their microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effie Photos-Jones
- Analytical Services for Art and Archaeology (Ltd), Glasgow, UK
- Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Gan X, Teng Y, Zhao L, Ren W, Chen W, Hao J, Christie P, Luo Y. Influencing mechanisms of hematite on benzo(a)pyrene degradation by the PAH-degrading bacterium Paracoccus sp. Strain HPD-2: insight from benzo(a)pyrene bioaccessibility and bacteria activity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 359:348-355. [PMID: 30048949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxides are reactive inorganic soil components that play an important role in the fate and transport of organic pollutants. Here, hematite was selected to investigate its effect on the biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2. Approximately 60% of the total BaP was degraded in the absence of hematite after 7 days but only 30.8 and 20.8% of that was degraded after the addition of 10 and 20 mg mL-1 hematite, respectively, indicating that the addition of hematite could significantly inhibit the biodegradation of BaP (P < 0.05). The hematite also lowered bacterium activity by coating the cells and by generating reactive oxygen species that destroyed the cells. Two-photon confocal laser scanning microscope images showed that the addition of hematite substantially decreased the amount of BaP combined with the bacterium, and this also enabled us to observe directly the migration and regression of BaP in the interaction between HPD-2 and hematite. Higher death ratio of HPD-2 might lower the BaP access to live cells because dead cells have a higher adsorption affinity for BaP than live cells. These observations enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which metal oxides, organic pollutants and degrading-bacteria interact during the biodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Gan
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jialong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Antibacterial activity of reduced iron clay against pathogenic bacteria associated with wound infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:692-696. [PMID: 30075292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Clay is a substance historically utilized by indigenous cultures for the treatment of superficial wound infections. This study evaluated the effects of a recently identified clay - OMT Blue Clay - against staphylococci, streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. The clay and its aqueous leachate were evaluated against the bacteria in biofilm and planktonic states. Time-kill studies were used to assess planktonic activity. Biofilms on medical-grade Teflon discs were treated with a hydrated clay suspension or leachate. For the planktonic studies, clay and leachate exhibited bactericidal activity against all strains tested, with the exception of leachate against Staphylococcus aureus IDRL-6169 and USA300. All strains treated with clay suspension and leachate resulted in statistically significant biofilm population reductions compared with controls, except S. aureus IDRL-6169 and USA300 (P ≤ 0.05). OMT Blue Clay and its aqueous leachate exhibited bactericidal activity against a range of human pathogens in the planktonic and biofilm states.
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McMahon S, Bosak T, Grotzinger JP, Milliken RE, Summons RE, Daye M, Newman SA, Fraeman A, Williford KH, Briggs DEG. A Field Guide to Finding Fossils on Mars. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. PLANETS 2018; 123:1012-1040. [PMID: 30034979 PMCID: PMC6049883 DOI: 10.1029/2017je005478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Martian surface is cold, dry, exposed to biologically harmful radiation and apparently barren today. Nevertheless, there is clear geological evidence for warmer, wetter intervals in the past that could have supported life at or near the surface. This evidence has motivated National Aeronautics and Space Administration and European Space Agency to prioritize the search for any remains or traces of organisms from early Mars in forthcoming missions. Informed by (1) stratigraphic, mineralogical and geochemical data collected by previous and current missions, (2) Earth's fossil record, and (3) experimental studies of organic decay and preservation, we here consider whether, how, and where fossils and isotopic biosignatures could have been preserved in the depositional environments and mineralizing media thought to have been present in habitable settings on early Mars. We conclude that Noachian-Hesperian Fe-bearing clay-rich fluvio-lacustrine siliciclastic deposits, especially where enriched in silica, currently represent the most promising and best understood astropaleontological targets. Siliceous sinters would also be an excellent target, but their presence on Mars awaits confirmation. More work is needed to improve our understanding of fossil preservation in the context of other environments specific to Mars, particularly within evaporative salts and pore/fracture-filling subsurface minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. McMahon
- Department of Geology and GeophysicsYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
- UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - T. Bosak
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | - J. P. Grotzinger
- Division of Geological and Planetary SciencesCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - R. E. Milliken
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - R. E. Summons
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | - M. Daye
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | - S. A. Newman
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | - A. Fraeman
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - K. H. Williford
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - D. E. G. Briggs
- Department of Geology and GeophysicsYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
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Zarate-Reyes L, Lopez-Pacheco C, Nieto-Camacho A, Palacios E, Gómez-Vidales V, Kaufhold S, Ufer K, García Zepeda E, Cervini-Silva J. Antibacterial clay against gram-negative antibiotic resistant bacteria. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:625-632. [PMID: 28898859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistant bacteria persist throughout the world because they have evolved the ability to express various defense mechanisms to cope with antibiotics and the immune system; thus, low-cost strategies for the treatment of these bacteria are needed, such as the usage of environmental minerals. This paper reports the antimicrobial properties of a clay collected from Brunnenberg, Germany, that is composed of ferroan saponite with admixtures of quartz, feldspar and calcite as well as exposed or hidden (layered at inner regions) nano Fe(0). Based on the growth curves (log phase) of six antibiotic resistant bacteria (4 gram-negative and 2 gram-positive), we concluded that the clay acted as a bacteriostat; however, the clay was only active against the gram-negative bacteria (except for resilient Klebsiella pneumonia). The bacteriostatic mode of action was evidenced by the initial lack of Colony Forming Units on agar plates with growth registered afterward, certainly after 24h, and can be explained because interactions between membrane lipopolysaccharides and the siloxane surfaces of the clay. Labile or bioavailable Fe in the clay (extracted by EDTA or DFO-B) induced the quantitative production of HO as well as oxidative stress, which, nevertheless, did not account for by its bacteriostatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zarate-Reyes
- Chemokine Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Lopez-Pacheco
- Chemokine Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Antonio Nieto-Camacho
- Laboratorio de Pruebas Biológicas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | | | - Virginia Gómez-Vidales
- Laboratorio de Resonancia Paramagnética Electrónica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Stephan Kaufhold
- BGR Bundesansalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, D-30655, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristian Ufer
- BGR Bundesansalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, D-30655, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eduardo García Zepeda
- Chemokine Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
| | - Javiera Cervini-Silva
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Cuajimalpa, Mexico; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States.
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Awad ME, López-Galindo A, Setti M, El-Rahmany MM, Iborra CV. Kaolinite in pharmaceutics and biomedicine. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:34-48. [PMID: 28943206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has become an increasingly utilized tool in biologically relevant studies. Of these, high lateral resolution methodologies using the NanoSIMS 50/50L have been especially powerful within many biological fields over the past decade. Here, the authors provide a review of this technology, sample preparation and analysis considerations, examples of recent biological studies, data analyses, and current outlooks. Specifically, the authors offer an overview of SIMS and development of the NanoSIMS. The authors describe the major experimental factors that should be considered prior to NanoSIMS analysis and then provide information on best practices for data analysis and image generation, which includes an in-depth discussion of appropriate colormaps. Additionally, the authors provide an open-source method for data representation that allows simultaneous visualization of secondary electron and ion information within a single image. Finally, the authors present a perspective on the future of this technology and where they think it will have the greatest impact in near future.
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65
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Zhao X, Wang J, Zhu L, Ge W, Wang J. Environmental analysis of typical antibiotic-resistant bacteria and ARGs in farmland soil chronically fertilized with chicken manure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 593-594:10-17. [PMID: 28340477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and the corresponding resistant bacteria and resistance genes (ARGs) are generally considered emerging pollutants. To assess the impacts of tetracycline (TC) and sulfonamide (SA) antibiotics that are eliminated with fecaluria as drug prototypes, farmland soil used to research long-term fertilization with chicken manure was collected at four sites in Shandong Province. In this study, the rates of bacterial drug resistance to the same antibiotic decreased with an increase in the concentration of that antibiotic, and the resistance rates to TCs were lower than those to SAs. PCR of ARGs revealed that the ARGs detected at the highest frequency were the TC resistance genes tetW and tetO and the SA resistance genes sul1 and sul2. Real-time qPCR showed that the quantities of ARGs in farmland soil fertilized with chicken manure were significantly greater compared with the control soil. Moreover, significant correlations (R2=0.9525, p<0.05) between the number of sul ARGs and the total SA concentration were observed in all of the soil samples. In summary, this study showed that SAs can induce the appearance of ARGs and pollute the soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Weili Ge
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
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66
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Wang X, Dong H, Zeng Q, Xia Q, Zhang L, Zhou Z. Reduced Iron-Containing Clay Minerals as Antibacterial Agents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:7639-7647. [PMID: 28570809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous work documented the general antibacterial mechanism of iron containing clays that involved hydroxyl radical (•OH) production from soluble Fe2+, and attack of cell membrane and intracellular proteins. Here we explore the role of clay structural Fe(II) in •OH production at near neutral pH and identify a lipid involved in the antibacterial process. Structural Fe(III) in nontronite NAu-2 was reduced (rNAu-2) and E. coli, a model bacterium, was exposed to rNAu-2 in oxic suspension. The antibacterial activity of rNAu-2 was dependent on pH and Fe(II) concentration, where E. coli were completely killed at pH 6, but survived at pH 7 and 8. In the presence of a •OH scavenger or in anaerobic atmosphere, E. coli survived better, suggesting that cell death may be caused by •OH generated from oxidation of structural Fe(II) in rNAu-2. In-situ imaging revealed damage of a membrane lipid, cardiolipin, in the polar region of E. coli cells, where reactive oxygen species and redox-active labile Fe were enriched. Our results advance the previous antibacterial model by demonstrating that the structural Fe(II) is the primary source of •OH, which damages cardiolipin, triggers the influx of soluble Fe2+ into the cell, and ultimately leads to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailiang Dong
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University , Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingyin Xia
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Geomicrobiology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China
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Londono SC, Hartnett HE, Williams LB. Antibacterial Activity of Aluminum in Clay from the Colombian Amazon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:2401-2408. [PMID: 28121138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The problems of antibiotic overuse compel us to seek alternative antibacterial agents. Some clays have been shown to kill antibiotic-resistant human pathogens and may provide an alternative to known antibiotics. Here we show that Al toxicity plays a central role in the antibacterial action of a kaolin-rich clay from the Colombian Amazon (AMZ). Antibacterial susceptibility testing shows minimum inhibitory concentrations of 80 mg/mL against a model Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). The clay buffered the media pH to ∼4.6 and Eh values to +360 mV. Chemical analysis of AMZ and bacteria showed that Al, P, and transition metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) were exchanged during incubation at 37 °C. Only Al derived from the clay exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentrations for E. coli under acidic conditions. Ion imaging showed elevated Al levels in the bacterial membrane, and high intracellular Fe levels, relative to those of untreated controls. Phosphorus depletion in E. coli after reaction with AMZ, together with evidence of membrane permeabilization, suggests that Al reacts with membrane phospholipids, enhancing intracellular transport of metals. These results highlight the importance of dissolved Al for amplifying the toxicity of transition metals to human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carolina Londono
- School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, United States
| | - Hilairy E Hartnett
- School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Lynda B Williams
- School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, United States
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Bartolozzi A, Bertani R, Burigo E, Fabrizi A, Panozzo F, Quaresimin M, Simionato F, Sgarbossa P, Tamburini S, Zappalorto M, Zorzi F. Multifunctional Cu2+-montmorillonite/epoxy resin nanocomposites with antibacterial activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bartolozzi
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via F.Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Roberta Bertani
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via F.Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Elisa Burigo
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via F.Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Alberto Fabrizi
- Department of Management and Engineering; University of Padova; Stradella San Nicola 3 Vicenza 36100 Italy
| | - Francesco Panozzo
- Department of Management and Engineering; University of Padova; Stradella San Nicola 3 Vicenza 36100 Italy
| | - Marino Quaresimin
- Department of Management and Engineering; University of Padova; Stradella San Nicola 3 Vicenza 36100 Italy
| | - Fabio Simionato
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via F.Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via F.Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Sergio Tamburini
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Energetics and Interphases (IENI); Corso Stati Uniti 4 Padova 35127 Italy
| | - Michele Zappalorto
- Department of Management and Engineering; University of Padova; Stradella San Nicola 3 Vicenza 36100 Italy
| | - Federico Zorzi
- Department of Geosciences; University of Padova; via Gradenigo 6 Padova 35131 Italy
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Tang Q, Song P, Li J, Kong F, Sun L, Xu L. Control of antibiotic resistance in China must not be delayed: The current state of resistance and policy suggestions for the government, medical facilities, and patients. Biosci Trends 2016; 10:1-6. [PMID: 26961210 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2016.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are medicines used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines. Antibiotic resistance is rising to dangerously high levels in all parts of the world, leading to higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. In the European Union alone, drug-resistant bacteria are estimated to cause 25,000 deaths and cost more than US$1.5 billion every year in healthcare expenses and productivity losses. The problems of antibiotic misuse and antibiotic resistance are quite serious in China. In 2015, results of a study by the State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences indicated that the total antibiotic usage in China in 2013 was approximately 162,000 tons, including human use (48%) and use in animals (52%). This amount accounted for about half of the antibiotic usage worldwide. The per-capita use of antibiotics in China is more than 5 times that in Europe and the United States. These data mean that China is one of the world's leading countries with serious problems in terms of antibiotic misuse and antibiotic resistance. The current article analyzes the current state and harms of antibiotic misuse and causes of antibiotic resistance in China. The Government needs to pay close attention to the issue of antibiotic resistance in China and formulate a strategy at the national level. Thus, the following suggestions are offered: i) The Chinese Government should implement policies that promote antibiotic research and development; ii) Medical facilities in China should create multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) and encourage early action by MDTs to control the spread of multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDRB); iii) An intervention in the form of health education should target patients and accompanying family members (AFM) in China. In other words, antibiotic resistance is not a personal problem but an urgent public health problem. Without urgent action, China is heading for a post-antibiotic era in which common infections and minor injuries can once again kill. Therefore, the aforementioned proposals have been offered with the hope that policy suggestions help to limit the phenomenon of antibiotic misuse and antibiotic resistance in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- Department of Social Medicine and Medical Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University
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