51
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Guo JJ, Zhao HY, Wang J, Ai LY, Liu Y. Au 20Si 12: A hollow Catalan pentakis dodecahedron. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:064310. [PMID: 28201878 DOI: 10.1063/1.4975988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A stable hollow Au20Si12 cage with Ih symmetry has been predicted using first-principles density functional theory. The stability of the cage-like Au20Si12 structure is verified by vibrational frequency analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. A relatively large highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap of 1.057 eV is found. Electronic structure analysis shows that clearly p-d hybridizations between Si atoms and Au atoms are of great importance for the stability of Au20Si12 cage. The cage-like Au20Si12 structure may have potential applications in semiconductor industry and microelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Guo
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - H Y Zhao
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - L Y Ai
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
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52
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Yang Y, Zhang Z, Penev ES, Yakobson BI. B 40 cluster stability, reactivity, and its planar structural precursor. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1805-1810. [PMID: 28098282 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09385j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive first-principles study of the structural and chemical properties of the recently discovered B40 cage. It is found to be highly reactive and can exothermically dimerize, regardless of the orientation, by overcoming a small energy barrier ≃0.06 eV. The energy gap of the system varies widely with the aggregation of the increasing number of B40 cages, from 3.14 eV in a single B40, to 1.54 eV in the dimer, to 1.25 eV in the trimer. We also explore a recipe for protecting the B40 cage by sheathing it within a carbon shell and identify carbon nanotubes with a radius of ∼6 Å as optimal hosts for an isolated cage. It is demonstrated that B40 can be unfolded into a planar 'molecule' that tessellates the plane. The corresponding 2D boron sheet constitutes a structural precursor foldable into this unique boron cage structure of current interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Zhuhua Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA. and State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Evgeni S Penev
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
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53
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Pham HT, Majumdar D, Leszczynski J, Nguyen MT. 4d and 5d bimetal doped tubular silicon clusters Si12M2 with M = Nb, Ta, Mo and W: a bimetallic configuration model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:3115-3124. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05964c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
M2Si12 clusters are found in a bimetallic tubular structure where one metal atom is located in the central region of a (6/6) tube, and the other is capped outside to a hexagonal face. A bimetallic configuration containing 11 MOs, partially or fully occupied by up to 22 electrons, was established to interpret their stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Computational Chemistry Research Group
- Ton Duc Thang University
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
| | - Devashis Majumdar
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Jackson State University
- Jackson
- USA
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Jackson State University
- Jackson
- USA
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Computational Chemistry Research Group
- Ton Duc Thang University
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
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54
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Lu SJ, Cao GJ, Xu XL, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. The structural and electronic properties of NbSi n-/0 (n = 3-12) clusters: anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19769-19778. [PMID: 27874133 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07480d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Niobium-doped silicon clusters, NbSin- (n = 3-12), were generated by laser vaporization and investigated by anion photoelectron spectroscopy. The structures and electronic properties of NbSin- anions and their neutral counterparts were investigated with ab initio calculations and compared with the experimental results. It is found that the Nb atom in NbSin-/0 prefers to occupy the high coordination sites to form more Nb-Si bonds. The most stable structures of NbSi3-7-/0 are all exohedral structures with the Nb atom face-capping the Sin frameworks. At n = 8, both the anion and neutral adopt a boat-shaped structure and the openings of the boat-shaped structures remain unclosed in NbSi9-10-/0 clusters. The most stable structure of the NbSi11- anion is endohedral, while that of neutral NbSi11 is exohedral. The global minima of both the NbSi12- anion and neutral NbSi12 are D6h symmetric hexagonal prisms with the Nb atom at the center. The perfect D6h symmetric hexagonal prism of NbSi12- is electronically stable as it obeys the 18-electron rule and has a shell-closed electronic structure with a large HOMO-LUMO gap of 2.70 eV. The molecular orbital analysis of NbSi12- suggests that the delocalized Nb-Si12 ligand interactions may contribute to the stability of the D6h symmetric hexagonal prism. The AdNDP analysis shows that the delocalized 2c-2e Si-Si bonds and multicenter-2e NbSin bonds are important for the structural stability of the NbSi12- anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo-Jin Cao
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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55
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Exploring the Mechanism of Reactions of SiX3 and CX3 Radicals with Si20X20 Fullerenes (X = H, F): A Density Functional Study. J CLUST SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-016-1033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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56
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Zhao HY, Wang J, Ai LY, Liu Y. Cu20Si12: A Hollow Cage Constituted of a Copper Dodecahedron and a Silicon Icosahedron. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6303-8. [PMID: 27447846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A stable hollow copper silicide cage with Ih symmetry, Cu20Si12, constituted of a copper dodecahedron and a silicon icosahedron, was investigated using density functional theory. Molecular dynamics simulations show that Cu20Si12 retains its geometric topology up to an effective temperature of about 962 K. The molecule has a HOMO-LUMO gap of 1.099 eV, indicating its relatively high chemical stability. These frontier molecular orbitals show clear characteristics of hybridization between Si 3p and Cu 3d electrons. This proposed structure helps to extend the range of high-symmetry molecular polyhedral species. The hollow space within Cu20Si12 can be used to accommodate other atoms or molecules and emphasizes the benefit of studying endohedral fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yan Zhao
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.,National Key Laboratory for Materials Simulation and Design , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.,National Key Laboratory for Materials Simulation and Design , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ling-Yan Ai
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.,North China University of Science and Technology , Tangshan 063009, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.,National Key Laboratory for Materials Simulation and Design , Beijing 100083, China
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57
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Li X, Han Q, Yang X, Song R, Song L. Modification of alkali metals on silicon-based nanoclusters: An enhanced nonlinear optical response. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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58
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Li X, Yan Z, Li S. The nature of structure and bonding between transition metal and mixed Si-Ge tetramers: A 20-electron superatom system. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:2316-23. [PMID: 27452479 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel superatom species with 20-electron system, Six Gey M(+) (x + y = 4; M = Nb, Ta), was properly proposed. The trigonal bipyramid structures for the studied systems were identified as the putative global minimum by means of the density functional theory calculations. The high chemical stability can be explained by the strong p-d hybridization between transition metal and mixed Si-Ge tetramers, and closed-shell valence electron configuration [1S(2) 1P(6) 2S(2) 1D(10) ]. Meanwhile, the chemical bondings between metal atom and the tetramers can be recognized by three localized two-center two-electron (2c-2e) and delocalized 3c-2e σ-bonds. For all the doped structures studied here, it was found that the π- and σ-electrons satisfy the 2(N + 1)(2) counting rule, and thus these clusters possess spherically double (π and σ) aromaticity, which is also confirmed by the negative nucleus-independent chemical shifts values. Consequently, all the calculated results provide a further understanding for structural stabilities and electronic properties of transition metal-doped semiconductor clusters. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710065, China
| | - Zhijun Yan
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710065, China
| | - Shuna Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710065, China
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59
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Electronic and stability characters of endohedral Zn@Sin and exohedral SinHn (n = 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) fullerenes: A DFT approach. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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60
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Tran QT, Tran VT. Quantum chemical study of the geometrical and electronic structures of ScSi3−/0 clusters and assignment of the anion photoelectron spectra. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:214305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4953082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Tri Tran
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Division, Dong Thap University, 783-Pham Huu Lau, Cao Lanh City, Ward 6, Dong Thap, VietNam
| | - Van Tan Tran
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Division, Dong Thap University, 783-Pham Huu Lau, Cao Lanh City, Ward 6, Dong Thap, VietNam
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61
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Okada N, Uchida N, Kanayama T. Si-rich W silicide films composed of W-atom-encapsulated Si clusters deposited using gas-phase reactions of WF6 with SiH4. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:084703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4942479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Okada
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Uchida
- Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Kanayama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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62
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Li X, Claes P, Haertelt M, Lievens P, Janssens E, Fielicke A. Structural determination of niobium-doped silicon clusters by far-infrared spectroscopy and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6291-300. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07298k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structures of niobium doped silicon cluster cations are determined by a combination of infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an University
- Xi'an 710065
- P. R. China
| | - Pieterjan Claes
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Marko Haertelt
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Peter Lievens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik
- Technische Universität Berlin
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63
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Phi ND, Trung NT, Janssens E, Ngan VT. Electron counting rules for transition metal-doped Si12 clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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64
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Hang TD, Hung HM, Nguyen MT. Structural assignment, and electronic and magnetic properties of lanthanide metal doped silicon heptamers Si7M0/− with M = Pr, Gd and Ho. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:31054-31063. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ground state geometries of neutral and anionic lanthanide-metal-doped silicon clusters Si7M0/− with M = Pr, Gd and Ho were determined by quantum chemical (DFT) computations and the previous experimental photoelectron spectra were assigned.
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65
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Arcisauskaite V, Fijan D, Spivak M, Graaf CD, McGrady JE. Biradical character in the ground state of [Mn@Si12]+: a DFT and CASPT2 study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:24006-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03534e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
DFT and CASPT2 calculations reveal that the ground state of [Mn@Si12]+is a biradical, quite unlike isoelectronic and isostructural Cr@Si12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domagoj Fijan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | - Mariano Spivak
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona E-43007
- Spain
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona E-43007
- Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
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66
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Cao GJ, Lu SJ, Xu HG, Xu XL, Zheng WJ. Structures and electronic properties of B2Si6−/0/+: anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The lowest-energy structures of B2Si6q(q= −1, 0, +1) clusters are a peculiar structure with a silicon atom hanging over a distorted bowl-like B2Si5framework. It is characterized with σ or π delocalization in chemical bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jin Cao
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Sheng-Jie Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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67
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Wang J, Liu Y. Magnetic Silicon Fullerenes: Experimental Exploration and Theoretical Insight. J CLUST SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-015-0959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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68
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Ji XX, Li J, Wang C, Zhang S, Lu C, Li GQ. Geometries, stabilities and electronic properties of small-sized Pd 2-doped Si n( n= 1–11) clusters. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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69
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Xu W, Ji WX, Xiao Y, Wang SG. Stable structures of LnSi6− and LnSi6 clusters (Ln=Pr, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb), C2v or C5v? Explanation of photoelectron spectra. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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70
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Jin X, Espinoza-Quintero G, Below B, Arcisauskaite V, Goicoechea JM, McGrady JE. Structure and bonding in a bimetallic endohedral cage, [Co 2 @Ge 16 ] z−. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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71
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Abreu MB, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Making sense of the conflicting magic numbers in WSinclusters. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:074310. [PMID: 26298137 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Baddick Abreu
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
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72
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Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of AgnCo (n=1–9) clusters: A first-principles study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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73
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Wu JH, Liu CX, Wang P, Zhang S, Yang G, Lu C. Structures, Stabilities, and Electronic Properties of Small-Sized Zr2Si
n
(n=1–11) Clusters: A Density Functional Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-2015-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Ab initio methods based on density functional theory at B3LYP level have been applied in investigating the equilibrium geometries, growth patterns, relative stabilities, and electronic properties of Zr2-doped Si
n
clusters. The optimisation results shown that the lowest-energy configurations for Zr2Si
n
clusters do not keep the corresponding silicon framework unchanged, which reflects that the doped Zr atoms dramatically affect the most stable structures of the Si
n
clusters. By analysing the relative stabilities, it is found that the doping of zirconium atoms reduces the chemical stabilities of silicon host. The Zr2Si4 and Zr2Si7 clusters are the magic numbers. The natural population and natural electronic configuration analyses indicated that the Zr atoms possess positive charge for n=1–6 and negative charge for n=7–11. In addition, the chemical hardness, chemical potential, infrared, and Raman spectra are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-He Wu
- Henan Institute of Education, Department of Physics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chang-Xin Liu
- Henan Institute of Education, Department of Physics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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74
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Lv J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Lin H, Zhao J, Ma Y. Stabilization of fullerene-like boron cages by transition metal encapsulation. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:10482-10489. [PMID: 26007319 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization of fullerene-like boron (B) cages in the free-standing form has been long sought after and a challenging problem. Studies that have been carried out for more than a decade have confirmed that the planar or quasi-planar polymorphs are energetically favored ground states over a wide range of small and medium-sized B clusters. Recently, the breakthroughs represented by Nat. Chem., 2014, 6, 727 established that the transition from planar/quasi-planar to cage-like Bn clusters occurs around n = ∼38-40, paving the way for understanding the intriguing chemistry of B-fullerene. We herein demonstrate that the transition demarcation, n, can be significantly reduced with the help of transition metal encapsulation. We explore via extensive first-principles swarm-intelligence based structure searches the free energy landscapes of B24 clusters doped by a series of transition metals and find that the low-lying energy regime is generally dominated by cage-like isomers. This is in sharp contrast to that of bare B24 clusters, where the quasi-planar and rather irregular polyhedrons are prevalent. Most strikingly, a highly symmetric B cage with D3h symmetry is discovered in the case of Mo or W encapsulation. The endohedral D3h cages exhibit robust thermodynamic, dynamic and chemical stabilities, which can be rationalized in terms of their unique electronic structure of an 18-electron closed-shell configuration. Our results indicate that transition metal encapsulation is a feasible route for stabilizing medium-sized B cages, offering a useful roadmap for the discovery of more B fullerene analogues as building blocks of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China
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75
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Goicoechea JM, McGrady JE. On the structural landscape in endohedral silicon and germanium clusters, M@Si12 and M@Ge12. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:6755-66. [PMID: 25636138 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the endohedral clusters of the tetrel elements, M@En, the 12-vertex species are unique in that three completely different geometries, the icosahedron (Ih, [Ni@Pb12](2-)), the hexagonal prism (HP, Cr@Si12) and the bicapped pentagonal prism (BPP, [Ru@Ge12](3-)) have been identified in stable molecules. We explore here the origins of this structural diversity by comparing stability patterns across isovalent and isoelectronic series, M@Si12, M@Ge12 and [M@Ge12](3-). The BPP structure dominates the structural landscape for high valence electron counts (57-60) while the HP has a rather narrower window of stability around the 54-56 count. Moreover the preference for an HP structure is unique to silicon: in no case is a rigorously D6h-symmetric structure the global minimum for M@Ge12. Distortions from the high-symmetry limits, where present, can be traced to degeneracies or near-degeneracies in the frontier orbital domains. In all cases the structure adopted is that which maximizes the delocalization of electron density between the metal and the cluster cage, such that both components attain stable electronic configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
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76
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Small copper-doped silicon clusters CuSin (n = 4–10) and their anions: structures, thermochemistry, and electron affinities. J Mol Model 2015; 21:155. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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77
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Zhao J, Huang X, Jin P, Chen Z. Magnetic properties of atomic clusters and endohedral metallofullerenes. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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78
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Borshch NA, Pereslavtseva NS, Kurganskii SI. Spatial structure and electron energy spectra of ScGe n − (n = 6–16) clusters. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793115010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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79
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Structures, stabilities, and electronic properties of the neutral and anionic Si n Sm λ (n = 1–9, λ = 0, −1) clusters: comparison with pure silicon clusters. Theor Chem Acc 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-015-1623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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80
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Chauhan V, Abreu MB, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Geometry controls the stability of FeSi14. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15718-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FeSi14 is stable due to its compact and symmetric cage structure highlighting the importance of geometric effects in FeSin clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Chauhan
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | | | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
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81
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Dhaka K, Bandyopadhyay D. Study of the electronic structure, stability and magnetic quenching of CrGen (n = 1–17) clusters: a density functional investigation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13849c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current DFT based study of CrGen (n = 1–20) series shows that the enhanced stability of the ground state clusters CrGe10 and CrGe14 can be explained by means of 18-electron rule. However, it cannot be applied for highly symmetric CrGe12 cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Dhaka
- Department of Physics
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani
- India
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82
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Huang X, Xu HG, Lu S, Su Y, King RB, Zhao J, Zheng W. Discovery of a silicon-based ferrimagnetic wheel structure in V(x)Si(12)(-) (x = 1-3) clusters: photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory investigation. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:14617-14621. [PMID: 25292334 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03130j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Our studies show that VSi(12)(-) adopts a V-centered hexagonal prism with a singlet spin state. The addition of the second V atom leads to a capped hexagonal antiprism for V(2)Si(12)(-) in a doublet spin state. Most interestingly, V(3)Si(12)(-) exhibits a ferrimagnetic, bicapped hexagonal antiprism wheel-like structure with a total spin of 4 μ(B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
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83
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Theoretical prediction of maximum capacity of C80 and Si80 fullerenes for noble gas storage. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 54:32-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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84
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Abstract
Bridging the gap between atoms and macroscopic matter, clusters continue to be a subject of increasing research interest. Among the realm of cluster investigations, an exciting development is the realization that chosen stable clusters can mimic the chemical behavior of an atom or a group of the periodic table of elements. This major finding known as a superatom concept was originated experimentally from the study of aluminum cluster reactivity conducted in 1989 by noting a dramatic size dependence of the reactivity where cluster anions containing a certain number of Al atoms were unreactive toward oxygen while the other species were etched away. This observation was well interpreted by shell closings on the basis of the jellium model, and the related concept (originally termed "unified atom") spawned a wide range of pioneering studies in the 1990s pertaining to the understanding of factors governing the properties of clusters. Under the inspiration of a superatom concept, advances in cluster science in finding stable species not only shed light on magic clusters (i.e., superatomic noble gas) but also enlightened the exploration of stable clusters to mimic the chemical behavior of atoms leading to the discovery of superhalogens, alkaline-earth metals, superalkalis, etc. Among them, certain clusters could enable isovalent isomorphism of precious metals, indicating application potential for inexpensive superatoms for industrial catalysis, while a few superalkalis were found to validate the interesting "harpoon mechanism" involved in the superatomic cluster reactivity; recently also found were the magnetic superatoms of which the cluster-assembled materials could be used in spin electronics. Up to now, extensive studies in cluster science have allowed the stability of superatomic clusters to be understood within a few models, including the jellium model, also aromaticity and Wade-Mingos rules depending on the geometry and metallicity of the cluster. However, the scope of application of the jellium model and modification of the theory to account for nonspherical symmetry and nonmetal-doped metal clusters are still illusive to be further developed. It is still worth mentioning that a superatom concept has also been introduced in ligand-stabilized metal clusters which could also follow the major shell-closing electron count for a spherical, square-well potential. By proposing a new concept named as special and general superatoms, herein we try to summarize all these investigations in series, expecting to provide an overview of this field with a primary focus on the joint undertakings which have given rise to the superatom concept. To be specific, for special superatoms, we limit to clusters under a strict jellium model and simply classify them into groups based on their valence electron counts. While for general superatoms we emphasize on nonmetal-doped metal clusters and ligand-stabilized metal clusters, as well as a few isovalent cluster systems. Hopefully this summary of special and general superatoms benefits the further development of cluster-related theory, and lights up the prospect of using them as building blocks of new materials with tailored properties, such as inexpensive isovalent systems for industrial catalysis, semiconductive superatoms for transistors, and magnetic superatoms for spin electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - A. Welford Castleman
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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85
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Abstract
Understanding the bonding between silicon and transition metals is valuable for devising strategies for incorporating magnetic species into silicon. CrSi12 is the standard example of a cluster whose apparent high stability has been explained by the 18-electron rule. We critically examine the bonding and nature of stability of CrSi12 and show that its electronic structure does not conform to the 18-electron rule. Through theoretical studies, we find that CrSi12 has 16 effective valence electrons assigned to the Cr atom and an unoccupied 3dz(2) orbital. We demonstrate that the cluster's apparent stability is rooted in a crystal field-like splitting of the 3d orbitals analogous to that of square planar complexes. CrSi14 is shown to follow the 18-electron rule and exhibits all conventional markers characteristic of a magic cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Baddick Abreu
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
| | - Arthur C Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
| | - Shiv N Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
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86
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Lu J, Yang J, Xing Z, Ning H. Study on structures and electronic properties of neutral and anionic TiSin(0,-1)(n = 1–8) clusters using G4 theory. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633614500382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The geometries, electronic structures and energies of small TiSi n species (n = 1–8) and their anions were systematically investigated by G4 theory. The ground-state structures of these clusters are presented herein. For neutral TiSi n (n = 1–8), the spin multiplicities of the ground-state structures are singlet, with the exception of n = 2, which exists in a triplet state. For anionic TiSi n-, the spin multiplicities of the ground-state structures are doublet, with the exception of n = 2, which is quartet. The adiabatic electron affinities for TiSi n are estimated to be 1.31 eV ( TiSi ), 1.46 eV ( TiSi 2), 1.53 eV ( TiSi 3), 1.71 eV ( TiSi 4), 2.06 eV ( TiSi 5), 2.16 eV ( TiSi 6), 2.20 eV ( TiSi 7) and 2.39 eV ( TiSi 8). In comparison with the available experimental data, the calculated adiabatic electron affinities differ from experimental values by an average absolute deviation of only 0.03 eV. Additionally, the dissociation energies of Ti atoms from TiSi n, and Si atoms from TiSi n and Si n clusters are estimated to examine relative stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
- Baotou Light Industry Vocational Technical College, Baotou 014035, P. R. China
| | - Jucai Yang
- Baotou Light Industry Vocational Technical College, Baotou 014035, P. R. China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Xing
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Ning
- School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China
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87
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Nishigaki JI, Koyasu K, Tsukuda T. Chemically Modified Gold Superatoms and Superatomic Molecules. CHEM REC 2014; 14:897-909. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Nishigaki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB); Kyoto University; Katsura Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
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88
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Jimenez-Izal E, Azpiroz JM, Gupta R, Matxain JM, Ugalde JM. CdS nanoclusters doped with divalent atoms. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2227. [PMID: 24908334 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ZnS and CdS small nanoclusters have been predicted to trap alkali metals and halogen atoms. However would this kind of nanocompounds be able to encapsulate dianions and dications? This would be very interesting from an experimental point of view, since it would allow the isolation of such divalent ions. Moreover, the resulting endohedral complexes would serve as building blocks for new cluster-assembled materials, with enhanced stability arising from the electrostatic interaction between the incarcerated ions. In this work we have studied the structure and stability of (X@(CdS)i)(±2) with X = Be, Mg, Ca, O, S, Se and i = 9, 12, 15, 16 on the basis of Density Functional Theory and Quantum Molecular Dynamics simulations. Most of the nanoclusters are found to trap both chalcogen and alkaline earth atoms. Furthermore, the chalcogen doped clusters are calculated to be both thermodynamically and thermally stable. However, only a few of alkaline earth metal doped structures are predicted to be thermally stable. Therefore, the charge of the dopant atom appears to be crucial in the endohedral doping. Additionally, the absorption spectra of the title compounds have been simulated by means of Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations. The calculated optical features show a blueshift with respect to the bulk CdS wurtzite. Furthermore, doping modifies notably the optical spectra of nanoclusters, as the absorption spectra shift to lower energies upon encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Jimenez-Izal
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain,
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89
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Li Y, Tam NM, Claes P, Woodham AP, Lyon JT, Ngan VT, Nguyen MT, Lievens P, Fielicke A, Janssens E. Structure Assignment, Electronic Properties, and Magnetism Quenching of Endohedrally Doped Neutral Silicon Clusters, SinCo (n = 10–12). J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8198-203. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500928t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alex P. Woodham
- Institut
für
Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan T. Lyon
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Clayton State University, Morrow, Georgia 30260, United States
| | | | | | | | - André Fielicke
- Institut
für
Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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90
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Lu J, Yang J, Kang Y, Ning H. Probing the electronic structures and properties of neutral and anionic ScSi n (0,−1) (n = 1–6) clusters using ccCA-TM and G4 theory. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2114. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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91
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Xu HG, Kong XY, Deng XJ, Zhang ZG, Zheng WJ. Smallest fullerene-like silicon cage stabilized by a V2 unit. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:024308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4861053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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92
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Trivedi R, Dhaka K, Bandyopadhyay D. Study of electronic properties, stabilities and magnetic quenching of molybdenum-doped germanium clusters: a density functional investigation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of electronic structures, properties and stabilities of neutral and cationic molybdenum encapsulated germanium clusters (Mo@Gen, n = 1 to 20) has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Trivedi
- Department of Physics
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani, India
| | - Kapil Dhaka
- Department of Physics
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani, India
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93
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Wang HQ, Li HF. A combined stochastic search and density functional theory study on the neutral and charged silicon-based clusters MSi6 (M = La, Ce, Yb and Lu). RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Structures and simulated photoelectron spectra of MSi6− (M = La, Ce, Yb and Lu).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- College of Engineering
- Huaqiao University
- Quanzhou, China
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94
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Xu T, Jenkins S, Xiao CX, Maza JR, Kirk SR. The Pt site reactivity of the molecular graphs of Au6Pt isomers. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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95
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96
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Ma W, Chen F. Electronic, magnetic and optical properties of Cu, Ag, Au-doped Si clusters. J Mol Model 2013; 19:4555-60. [PMID: 23955703 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-1961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The structural, optical and magnetic properties of Cu, Ag, Au-doped Si7 Clusters have been systematically investigated using density functional theory calculations. The global optimized structures of Cu, Ag, Au-doped Si clusters are predicted to have a lower HOMO-LUMO gap and higher magnetic moment. M-doping (M = Cu, Ag, Au) in Si cluster widens a range of adsorption wavelength, especially Au-doping. The characteristics in electronic density of states (DOSs) show that C5v-Si6Cu has a big asymmetrical spin-up and spin-down. The average atomic moment is 0.428 mμB per atom for the Si6Cu cluster with C5v symmetry, while the average paramagnetic moment is 0.143 mμB per atom for other M-doped (M = Cu, Ag, Au) Si7 clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shaanxi, 710072, China,
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97
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Kong XY, Deng XJ, Xu HG, Yang Z, Xu XL, Zheng WJ. Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations of AgSin− (n = 3–12) clusters. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:244312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4811659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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98
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Abstract
Atomic clusters composed of homo or heteroatomic species constitute an intermediate phase of matter where every atom counts and whose properties depend on their size, shape, composition, and charge. If specific clusters mimicking the chemistry of atoms can be produced, they can be thought of as man-made superatoms forming the building blocks of a new three-dimensional periodic table. Novel materials with tailored properties can then be synthesized by assembling these superatoms. This invited Perspective presents a brief summary of the pioneering works that led to this concept, and highlights the recent breakthroughs that hold promise for a new era in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puru Jena
- Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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99
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Krämer T, Duckworth JCA, Ingram MD, Zhou B, McGrady JE, Goicoechea JM. Structural trends in ten-vertex endohedral clusters, M@E(10) and the synthesis of a new member of the family, [Fe@Sn10]3-. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:12120-9. [PMID: 23629541 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50643f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new endohedral ten-vertex Zintl ion cluster, [Fe@Sn10](3-), isoelectronic with [Fe@Ge10](3-), is reported. In an attempt to place this new cluster within the context of the known structural chemistry of the M@E10 family (M = transition metal, E = main group element), we have carried out a detailed electronic structure analysis of the different structural types: viz bicapped square antiprismatic ([Ni@Pb10](2-), [Zn@In10](8-)), tetra-capped trigonal prismatic ([Ni@In10](10-)) and the remarkable pentagonal prismatic [Fe@Ge10](3-) and [Co@Ge10](3-). We establish that the structural trends can be interpreted in terms of a continuum of effective electron counts at the E10 cage, ranging from electron deficient (<4n + 2) in [Ni@In10](10-) to highly electron rich (>4n + 2) in [Fe@Ge10](3-). The effective electron count differs from the total valence electron count in that it factors in the increasingly active role of the metal d electrons towards the left of the transition series. The preference for a pentagonal prismatic geometry in [Fe@Ge10](3-) emerges as a natural consequence of backbonding to the cage from four orthogonal 3d orbitals of the low-valent metal ion. Our calculations suggest that the new [Fe@Sn10](3-) cluster should also exhibit structural consequences of backbonding from the metal to the cage, albeit to a less extreme degree than in its Ge analogue. The global minimum lies on a very flat surface connecting D4d, C2v and C3v-symmetric minima, suggesting a very plastic structure that may be easily deformed by the surrounding crystal environment. If so, then this provides a new and quite distinct structural type for the M@E10 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
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100
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Ma L, Wang J, Wang G. Site-specific analysis of dipole polarizabilities of heterogeneous systems: Iron-doped Sin (n = 1–14) clusters. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:094304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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