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Royer-Bertrand B, Castillo-Taucher S, Moreno-Salinas R, Cho TJ, Chae JH, Choi M, Kim OH, Dikoglu E, Campos-Xavier B, Girardi E, Superti-Furga G, Bonafé L, Rivolta C, Unger S, Superti-Furga A. Mutations in the heat-shock protein A9 (HSPA9) gene cause the EVEN-PLUS syndrome of congenital malformations and skeletal dysplasia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17154. [PMID: 26598328 PMCID: PMC4657157 DOI: 10.1038/srep17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We and others have reported mutations in LONP1, a gene coding for a mitochondrial chaperone and protease, as the cause of the human CODAS (cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular and skeletal) syndrome (MIM 600373). Here, we delineate a similar but distinct condition that shares the epiphyseal, vertebral and ocular changes of CODAS but also included severe microtia, nasal hypoplasia, and other malformations, and for which we propose the name of EVEN-PLUS syndrome for epiphyseal, vertebral, ear, nose, plus associated findings. In three individuals from two families, no mutation in LONP1 was found; instead, we found biallelic mutations in HSPA9, the gene that codes for mHSP70/mortalin, another highly conserved mitochondrial chaperone protein essential in mitochondrial protein import, folding, and degradation. The functional relationship between LONP1 and HSPA9 in mitochondrial protein chaperoning and the overlapping phenotypes of CODAS and EVEN-PLUS delineate a family of “mitochondrial chaperonopathies” and point to an unexplored role of mitochondrial chaperones in human embryonic morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beryl Royer-Bertrand
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Molecular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Castillo-Taucher
- Sección Genética, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, and Sección Citogenética, Laboratorio, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Moreno-Salinas
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Regional Rancagua, Rancagua, Chile; and ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tae-Joon Cho
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology, Woorisoa Children's Hospital, Saemalro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08291, Republic of Korea
| | - Esra Dikoglu
- Centre for Molecular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Belinda Campos-Xavier
- Centre for Molecular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Girardi
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luisa Bonafé
- Centre for Molecular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheila Unger
- Medical Genetics Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Centre for Molecular Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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102
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Zsurka G, Kunz WS. Mitochondrial dysfunction and seizures: the neuronal energy crisis. Lancet Neurol 2015; 14:956-66. [PMID: 26293567 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Seizures are often the key manifestation of neurological diseases caused by pathogenic mutations in 169 of the genes that have so far been identified to affect mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are the main producers of ATP needed for normal electrical activities of neurons and synaptic transmission. Additionally, they have a central role in neurotransmitter synthesis, calcium homoeostasis, redox signalling, production and modulation of reactive oxygen species, and neuronal death. Hypotheses link mitochondrial failure to seizure generation through changes in calcium homoeostasis, oxidation of ion channels and neurotransmitter transporters by reactive oxygen species, a decrease in neuronal plasma membrane potential, and reduced network inhibition due to interneuronal dysfunction. Seizures, irrespective of their origin, represent an excessive acute energy demand in the brain. Accordingly, secondary mitochondrial dysfunction has been described in various epileptic disorders, including disorders that are mainly of non-mitochondrial origin. An understanding of the reciprocal relation between mitochondrial dysfunction and epilepsy is crucial to select appropriate anticonvulsant treatment and has the potential to open up new therapeutic approaches in the subset of epileptic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Zsurka
- Division of Neurochemistry, Department of Epileptology, and Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Division of Neurochemistry, Department of Epileptology, and Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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103
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Mutations in SPATA5 Are Associated with Microcephaly, Intellectual Disability, Seizures, and Hearing Loss. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:457-64. [PMID: 26299366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Using whole-exome sequencing, we have identified in ten families 14 individuals with microcephaly, developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, spasticity, seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, cortical visual impairment, and rare autosomal-recessive predicted pathogenic variants in spermatogenesis-associated protein 5 (SPATA5). SPATA5 encodes a ubiquitously expressed member of the ATPase associated with diverse activities (AAA) protein family and is involved in mitochondrial morphogenesis during early spermatogenesis. It might also play a role in post-translational modification during cell differentiation in neuronal development. Mutations in SPATA5 might affect brain development and function, resulting in microcephaly, developmental delay, and intellectual disability.
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104
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Hoeve HLJ, Brooks AS, Smit LS. JS-X syndrome: A multiple congenital malformation with vocal cord paralysis, ear deformity, hearing loss, shoulder musculature underdevelopment, and X-linked recessive inheritance. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:1164-70. [PMID: 25998214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on a family with a not earlier described multiple congenital malformation. Several male family members suffer from laryngeal obstruction caused by bilateral vocal cord paralysis, outer and middle ear deformity with conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, facial dysmorphisms, and underdeveloped shoulder musculature. The affected female members only have middle ear deformity and hearing loss. The pedigree is suggestive of an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern. SNP-array revealed a deletion and duplication on Xq28 in the affected family members. A possible aetiology is a neurocristopathy with most symptoms expressed in structures derived from branchial arches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans L J Hoeve
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC Sophia, The Netherlands.
| | - Alice S Brooks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth S Smit
- Department of Neurology, Subdivision of Pediatric Neurology, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Neonatology, Erasmus MC Sophia, The Netherlands
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105
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Abstract
Recent advances in mitochondrial biology have revealed the high diversity and complexity of proteolytic enzymes that regulate mitochondrial function. We have classified mitochondrial proteases, or mitoproteases, on the basis of their function and location, and defined the human mitochondrial degradome as the complete set of mitoproteases that are encoded by the human genome. In addition to their nonspecific degradative functions, mitoproteases perform highly regulated proteolytic reactions that are important in mitochondrial function, integrity and homeostasis. These include protein synthesis, quality control, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitophagy and apoptosis. Impaired or dysregulated function of mitoproteases is associated with ageing and with many pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic syndromes and cancer. A better understanding of the mitochondrial proteolytic landscape and its modulation may contribute to improving human lifespan and 'healthspan'.
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106
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Lau E, Huang D, Cao Q, Dincer TU, Black CM, Lin AJ, Lee JM, Wang D, Liem DA, Lam MP, Ping P. Spatial and temporal dynamics of the cardiac mitochondrial proteome. Expert Rev Proteomics 2015; 12:133-46. [PMID: 25752359 PMCID: PMC4721584 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.1024227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial proteins alter in their composition and quantity drastically through time and space in correspondence to changing energy demands and cellular signaling events. The integrity and permutations of this dynamism are increasingly recognized to impact the functions of the cardiac proteome in health and disease. This article provides an overview on recent advances in defining the spatial and temporal dynamics of mitochondrial proteins in the heart. Proteomics techniques to characterize dynamics on a proteome scale are reviewed and the physiological consequences of altered mitochondrial protein dynamics are discussed. Lastly, we offer our perspectives on the unmet challenges in translating mitochondrial dynamics markers into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Lau
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Derrick Huang
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Quan Cao
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - T. Umut Dincer
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Caitie M. Black
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amanda J. Lin
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jessica M. Lee
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ding Wang
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David A. Liem
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maggie P.Y. Lam
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peipei Ping
- Departments of Physiology, The NHLBI Proteomics Center at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Departments of Medicine, and Bioinformatics, NIH Center of Excellence in Big Data Computing at UCLA, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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