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Duman EA, Atesyakar N, Ecevitoglu A. Multilevel Impact of Prenatal Risk and Protective Factors on Stress Biology and Infant Development: Study protocol of BABIP prospective birth cohort from Turkey. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 1:100005. [PMID: 38377425 PMCID: PMC8474236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal environment has long-lasting effects on offspring development and health. Research on prenatal stress identified various mechanisms of these effects, from changes in epigenetic and gene expression profiles to Maternal-Placental-Fetal (MPF) stress biology. There is also evidence for the role of additional risk and protective factors influencing the impact of prenatal stress on maternal and infant outcomes. Considering these findings, we present the study protocol of BABIP, a prospective birth cohort from Turkey. The aim of the project is to investigate the effect of prenatal stress on MPF stress biology (i.e. neuroendocrine, immune and metabolic systems), differential DNA methylation and gene expression patterns, and infant birth and developmental outcomes. We are recruiting 150 pregnant women and their babies for a longitudinal project with 4 time points: 20-24 (T1) and 30-34 (T2) weeks of pregnancy, and 1-month (T3) and 4-months (T4) after giving birth. Maternal early and prenatal environment (prenatal stress, early life stress, psychosocial resources, and health-related behaviors) are assessed during pregnancy with MPF stress biology, DNA methylation and gene expression measures. Infant birth outcomes, DNA methylation and development are assessed postpartum. BABIP is the first prospective birth cohort from Turkey with extensive measures on prenatal environment and health. Through investigating the multilevel impact of prenatal stress and related risk and protective factors during and after pregnancy, BABIP will contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms by which prenatal environment influences infant development and health. Being the first such cohort from Turkey, it may also allow identification of prenatal risk and protective factors specific to the context and population in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aysimi Duman
- Department of Psychology, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilay Atesyakar
- Department of Psychology, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Ecevitoglu
- Department of Psychology, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bischoff M, Howland V, Klinger-König J, Tomczyk S, Schmidt S, Zygmunt M, Heckmann M, van den Berg N, Bethke B, Corleis J, Günther S, Liutkus K, Stentzel U, Neumann A, Penndorf P, Ludwig T, Hammer E, Winter T, Grabe HJ. Save the children by treating their mothers (PriVileG-M-study) - study protocol: a sequentially randomized controlled trial of individualized psychotherapy and telemedicine to reduce mental stress in pregnant women and young mothers and to improve Child's health. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:371. [PMID: 31775668 PMCID: PMC6880484 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As early as pregnancy, maternal mental stress impinges on the child's development and health. Thus, this may cause enhanced risk for premature birth, lowered fetal growth, and lower fetal birth weight as well as enhanced levels of the stress hormone cortisol and lowered levels of the bonding hormone oxytocin. Maternal stress further reduces maternal sensitivity for the child's needs which impairs the mother-child-interaction and bonding. Therefore, prevention and intervention studies on mental stress are necessary, beginning prenatally and applying rigorous research methodology, such as randomized controlled trials, to ensure high validity. METHODS A randomized controlled trial is used to assess the impact of psychotherapy and telemedicine on maternal mental stress and the child's mental and physical health. Mentally stressed pregnant women are randomized to an intervention (IG) and a not intervened control group. The IG receives an individualized psychotherapy starting prenatal and lasting for 10 months. Afterwards, a second randomization is used to investigate whether the use of telemedicine can stabilize the therapeutic effects. Using ecological momentary assessments and video recordings, the transfer into daily life, maternal sensitivity and mother-child-bonding are assessed. Psycho-biologically, the synchronicity of cortisol and oxytocin levels between mother and child are assessed as well as the peptidome of the colostrum and breast milk, which are assumed to be essential for the adaptation to the extra-uterine environment. All assessments are compared to an additional control group of healthy women. Finally, the results of the study will lead to the development of a qualification measure for health professionals to detect mental stress, to treat it with low-level interventions and to refer those women with high stress levels to mental health professionals. DISCUSSION The study aims to prevent the transgenerational transfer of psychiatric and somatic disorders from the mother to her child. The effects of the psychotherapy will be stabilized through telemedicine and long-term impacts on the child's and mothers' mental health are enhanced. The combination of psychotherapy, telemedicine and methodologies of ecological momentary assessment, video recording and bio banking are new in content-related and methodological manner. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00017065. Registered 02 May 2019. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: U1111-1230-9826. Registered 01 April 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bischoff
- Department of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - V. Howland
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - J. Klinger-König
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S. Tomczyk
- Department of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S. Schmidt
- Department of Health and Prevention, Institute of Psychology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M. Zygmunt
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M. Heckmann
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - N. van den Berg
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - B. Bethke
- Department of Health, Nursing and Administration, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - J. Corleis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S. Günther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - K. Liutkus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - U. Stentzel
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A. Neumann
- Department of Health, Nursing and Administration, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - P. Penndorf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T. Ludwig
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - E. Hammer
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T. Winter
- Integrated Research Biobank, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H. J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Liu J, Zhang L, Liu M. Mechanisms supporting potential use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in psychocardiology. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:6717-6738. [PMID: 31814884 PMCID: PMC6895510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite great efforts made in recent years, globally cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most common and devastating disease. Pharmacological, interventional and surgical treatments have proved to be only partly satisfactory for the majority of patients. A major underlying cause of poor prognosis is a high comorbidity rate between CVD and mental illness, which calls for the approaches of psychocardiology. As psychiatric disorders and CVD can influence each other bidirectionally, it is necessary to develop novel therapies targeting both systems simultaneously. Therefore, innovative stem cell (SC) therapy has become the most promising treatment strategy in psychocardiology. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs), among all different types of SCs, have drawn the most attention due to unique advantages in terms of ethical considerations, low immunogenicity and simplicity of preparation. In this review, we survey recent publications and clinical trials to summarize the knowledge and progress gained so far. Moreover, we discuss the feasibility of the clinical application of BM-MSCs in the area of psychocardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100029, China
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104
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Barch DM, Rogers C. Maternal Depression and Child Development: Clues to Causal Mechanisms From Potential Confounders. Am J Psychiatry 2019; 176:680-682. [PMID: 31474124 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19070707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis (Barch); and Departments of Psychiatry (Barch, Rogers), Radiology (Barch), and Pediatrics (Rogers), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Cynthia Rogers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis (Barch); and Departments of Psychiatry (Barch, Rogers), Radiology (Barch), and Pediatrics (Rogers), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
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105
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Wu Z, Zhao P, Long Z, Li J, Yang G, Zhang Q, Duan G, Li H. Biomarker screening for antenatal depression in women who underwent caesarean section: a matched observational study with plasma Lipidomics. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:259. [PMID: 31455267 PMCID: PMC6712800 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antenatal depression is a prevalent mental disorder in women who have undergone caesarean section, and it often presages adverse postoperative outcomes. Because of the lack of a laboratory-based diagnostic strategy, antenatal depression is mainly determined by a psychologist's subjective judgment based on a structured clinical interview for established diagnostic criteria. However, the diagnostic accuracy rate for depression by non-psychiatrists is relatively low. Thus, this study aimed to use lipidomics to identify potential biomarkers related to antenatal depression in women who have undergone caesarean section. METHODS The study was designed as a matched prospective observational study. Singleton pregnant women scheduled to receive elective caesarean section, were screened for eligibility. Women diagnosed with major antenatal depression were matched with non-antenatal depression controls in terms of age (±1 year) and BMI (±1 kg/m2), and blood samples of the included matched pairs were collected. Subsequently, lipidomics of the plasma samples were performed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis to explore the differentially expressed lipids in women with or without antenatal depression. RESULTS In total, 484 pregnant women were screened; 66 subjects were recruited, including 33 subjects with major antenatal depression and 33 matched controls without antenatal depression. Thirty-five differentially expressed lipid metabolites were identified (P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of these lipid metabolites was 0.7 or larger; the area under curve for cholesterol sulfate was 0.823 (95% CI: 0.716-0.930), and that of PC (18:2 (2E, 4E)/0:0) was 0.778 (95%CI: 0.662-0.895). In the conditional logistic stepwise regression analysis, cholesterol sulfate (P = 0.009) and PC (18:2 (2E, 4E)/0:0) (P = 0.035) were also identified as effective predictive risk factors for antenatal depression. CONCLUSIONS Women who had undergone caesarean section and experienced antenatal depression presented a significantly differentially expressed profile of plasma lipidomics compared to those who did not experience antenatal depression. Cholesterol sulfate and PC (18:2 (2E, 4E)/0:0) may be effective and specific lipidic biomarkers for the prediction of antenatal depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION China Clinical Trial Registration Center registration number: ChiCTR1800016230 ; date of registration: 21/05/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghong Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Guiying Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingling Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China.
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Sawyer KM, Zunszain PA, Dazzan P, Pariante CM. Intergenerational transmission of depression: clinical observations and molecular mechanisms. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1157-1177. [PMID: 30283036 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal mental illness can have a devastating effect during the perinatal period, and has a profound impact on the care that the baby receives and on the relationships that the baby forms. This review summarises clinical evidence showing the effects of perinatal depression on offspring physical and behavioural development, and on the transmission of psychopathology between generations. We then evaluate a number of factors which influence this relationship, such as genetic factors, the use of psychotropic medications during pregnancy, the timing within the perinatal period, the sex of the foetus, and exposure to maltreatment in childhood. Finally, we examine recent findings regarding the molecular mechanisms underpinning these clinical observations, and identify relevant epigenetic and biomarker changes in the glucocorticoid, oxytocin, oestrogen and immune systems, as key biological mediators of these clinical findings. By understanding these molecular mechanisms in more detail, we will be able to improve outcomes for both mothers and their offspring for generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi M Sawyer
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia A Zunszain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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107
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Programming Effects of Prenatal Stress on Neurodevelopment-The Pitfall of Introducing a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132301. [PMID: 31261808 PMCID: PMC6651796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest for the potential harmful effects of prenatal stress on the developing fetal brain, both in scientific literature and in public press. Results from animal studies suggest that gestational stress leads to an altered offspring neurodevelopment with adverse behavioral and cognitive consequences. Furthermore, there are indications in human studies that severe prenatal stress has negative consequences for the child's neurodevelopment. However, stress is an umbrella term and studies of maternal stress have focused on a wide range of stress inducing situations, ranging from daily hassles to traumatic stress after bereavement or a natural disaster. Mild to moderate stress, experienced by many women during their pregnancy, has not consistently been shown to exert substantial negative effects on the child's neurodevelopment. Additionally, the vast majority of human studies are observational cohort studies that are hampered by their fundamental inability to show a causal relationship. Furthermore, our limited knowledge on the possible underlying mechanisms and the effects of interventions for prenatal stress on child neurodevelopmental outcomes emphasize our incomplete understanding of the actual effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment. Until we have a better understanding, it seems counterproductive to alarm all pregnant women for possible harmful effects of all sorts of prenatal stress, if only to avoid the induction of stress itself.
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108
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The year of immunopsychiatry: A special issue that foresaw the future. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 103:49-51. [PMID: 30640037 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Duan C, Hare M, Staring M, Deligiannidis KM. Examining the relationship between perinatal depression and neurodevelopment in infants and children through structural and functional neuroimaging research. Int Rev Psychiatry 2019; 31:264-279. [PMID: 30701993 PMCID: PMC6594877 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2018.1527759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common perinatal psychiatric disorder, but little is known about how it may impact offspring neurodevelopment, as well as the mechanisms by which it may confer transgenerational psychiatric risk. This review presents imaging studies conducted to evaluate the relationship between perinatal depression (PND) and infant and child neurodevelopment. Altered structural and functional connectivity is implicated in children exposed to PND and anxiety. Overall, there are changes in connectivity between amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Studies suggest decreased hippocampal growth in the first 6 months after birth, decreased cortical thickness in children, and increased amygdala volumes, that are more pronounced in female offspring. Future research is needed to understand the impact of PND on development so that early interventions which promote mother-infant bonding and cognitive development may improve developmental outcomes in children exposed to PND, reducing later risk of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Duan
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA
| | - Megan Hare
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Morganne Staring
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Kristina M. Deligiannidis
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA,Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA,Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA,Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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110
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Nazzari S, Fearon P, Rice F, Dottori N, Ciceri F, Molteni M, Frigerio A. Beyond the HPA-axis: Exploring maternal prenatal influences on birth outcomes and stress reactivity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 101:253-262. [PMID: 30497017 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that antenatal maternal stress is associated with altered behavioral and physiological outcomes in the offspring, however, whether this association is causal and the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. While the most studied mediator of maternal stress influences on the fetus has generally been cortisol, alternative novel markers of stress or inflammation warrant further consideration. The current investigation explored the influence of variations in self-reported symptoms of distress, stress hormones and inflammatory markers on infant birth outcomes and early stress regulation. The sample consisted of 104 pregnant women (mean gestational age = 34.76; SD = 1.12) and their healthy newborns. Maternal self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and levels of serum Interleukine-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), salivary cortisol and alpha amylase (sAA) were measured in late pregnancy. Newborns' cortisol and behavioral response to the heel-stick was assessed 48-72 hours after birth. The associations between maternal stress measures and infant birth outcomes and stress reactivity, adjusted for potential confounders, were examined through hierarchical linear regressions and hierarchical linear models. Higher maternal IL-6 levels were associated with smaller head circumference at birth, while diurnal sAA levels were positively associated with birthweight. Maternal diurnal cortisol was related to newborn's stress reactivity: a flatter infant cortisol response to the heel-stick was associated with greater maternal cortisol increases after awakening during pregnancy, while greater infant behavioural reactivity was related to a flatter maternal diurnal cortisol profile. The observational nature of these data does not allow for causal inferences but the current findings illustrate that antenatal factors related to alterations in maternal stress and immune response systems are associated with fetal growth and neonatal stress reactivity. This may have implications for later health and psychological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nazzari
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK; Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy.
| | - P Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - F Rice
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - N Dottori
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - F Ciceri
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - M Molteni
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - A Frigerio
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Child Psychopathology Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
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Osborne LM, Brar A, Klein SL. The role of Th17 cells in the pathophysiology of pregnancy and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:7-16. [PMID: 30465878 PMCID: PMC6359933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a key role in adaptive immune responses, and shifts among T cell classes occur in normal pregnancy. There is evidence for the role of TH17 cells and dysregulation of the TH17/Treg cell balance in morbidities and autoimmune diseases during pregnancy. Because TH17 responses may play a role in depression and anxiety outside of pregnancy, we hypothesize that TH17 responses and the balance of TH17/Treg activity may also contribute to the development of depression and anxiety during pregnancy. To explore this hypothesis, this review has three main aims: 1) to evaluate systematically the role of TH17 cells and cytokines during pregnancy; 2) to compare changes in the ratio of TH17/Treg cells during pregnancy morbidities with the changes that occur in depression and anxiety outside of pregnancy; and 3) to provide a basis for further research on TH17 cells in perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, with an eye toward the development of novel therapeutics. We also review the limited literature concerning perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, and hypothesize about the potential role of TH17 cells in these illnesses. Understanding the pathophysiology of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders will aid development of novel therapeutics that address immunological mechanisms, in addition to the serotonin system, which are targetable molecules in treating depression and anxiety during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Osborne
- Women’s Mood Disorders Center, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, and of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Amitoj Brar
- Women’s Mood Disorders Center, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, and of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Sabra L. Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
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112
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Ince-Askan H, van den Akker ELT, de Rijke YB, van Rossum EFC, Hazes JMW, Dolhain RJEM. Associations between antenatal prednisone exposure and long-term cortisol and cortisone concentrations in children born to women with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a nationwide prospective cohort study. RMD Open 2019; 5:e000852. [PMID: 30815278 PMCID: PMC6361363 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify whether children with antenatal prednisone exposure have chronically elevated cortisol and cortisone concentrations, an altered body composition or higher blood pressure. In addition, to identify whether maternal rheumatoid arthritis disease (RA) activity is associated with these alterations. Methods In this prospective study, 56 children (mean age=10.0 years) with and 61 children (mean age=9.6 years) without antenatal prednisone exposure, born to women with RA, were included. Hair cortisol and cortisone were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Linear regression models were built to analyse differences between the two groups, corrected for relevant covariates. Hair cortisol concentrations were also compared between the study population and an age-matched healthy reference group(n=150 children, mean age=9.8 years). Results Hair cortisol and cortisone concentrations were similar in children with and without antenatal prednisone exposure (median cortisol 1.14 pg/mg (IQR 0.67-1.75) and 1.15 pg/mg (IQR 0.65-2.21) and median cortisone 6.76 pg/mg (IQR 5.42-8.86) and 7.40 pg/mg (IQR 5.39-10.73), respectively). Antenatal prednisone exposure and maternal RA disease activity were also not associated with body composition or blood pressure. Hair cortisol concentrations were not different in children born to mothers with RA compared with children from the reference group. Conclusion This, in its kind, large and unique long-term prospective study demonstrates that low-dose antenatal prednisone exposure and maternal RA disease activity are not associated with negative consequences in prepubertal childhood. The findings of this study are reassuring and support the assumption that low-dose maternal prednisone use during pregnancy is safe for the offspring, at least until the age of approximately 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ince-Askan
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda B de Rijke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M W Hazes
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Radboud J E M Dolhain
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Stress is an adaptive response to environment aversive stimuli and a common life experience of one's daily life. Chronic or excessive stress especially that happened in early life is found to be deleterious to individual's physical and mental health, which is highly related to depressive disorders onset. Stressful life events are consistently considered to be the high-risk factors of environment for predisposing depressive disorders. In linking stressful life events with depressive disorder onset, dysregulated HPA axis activity is supposed to play an important role in mediating aversive impacts of life stress on brain structure and function. Increasing evidence have indicated the strong association of stress, especially the chronic stress and early life stress, with depressive disorders development, while the association of stress with depression is moderated by genetic risk factors, including polymorphism of SERT, BDNF, GR, FKBP5, MR, and CRHR1. Meanwhile, stressful life experience particularly early life stress will exert epigenetic modification in these risk genes via DNA methylation and miRNA regulation to generate long-lasting effects on these genes expression, which in turn cause brain structural and functional alteration, and finally increase the vulnerability to depressive disorders. Therefore, the interaction of environment with gene, in which stressful life exposure interplay with genetic risk factors and epigenetic modification, is essential in predicting depressive disorders development. As the mediator of environmental risk factors, stress will function together with genetic and epigenetic mechanism to influence brain structure and function, physiology and psychology, and finally the vulnerability to depressive disorders.
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Travis MJ. Neuroscience and the Future of Psychiatry. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2019; 17:30-31. [PMID: 31975956 PMCID: PMC6493157 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20180032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Travis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Western Psychiatric Hospital, Pittsburgh
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Czarzasta K, Makowska-Zubrycka M, Kasarello K, Skital VM, Tyszkowska K, Matusik K, Jesion A, Wojciechowska M, Segiet A, Wrzesien R, Biały M, Krzascik P, Wisłowska-Stanek A, Sajdel-Sulkowska EM. A rat model to study maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum periods, its comorbidity with cardiovascular diseases and neurodevelopmental impact in the offspring. Physiol Behav 2018; 199:258-264. [PMID: 30465806 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an animal model of human depression during pregnancy and lactation to examine the effect of maternal, perinatal depression on offspring development. Maternal depression during pregnancy affects up to 20% of women and is a risk factor for both the developmental and long-term health issues. It is often comorbid with the cardiovascular disease (CVD) that affects the uteroplacental circulation and impacts offspring development. More than half of the expecting mothers with depression use antidepressants that cross the placenta and may interfere with the neurodevelopmental programming. Thus, depressed pregnant mothers face a difficult choice whether "to use or not to use" antidepressant therapy, since both untreated depression and antenatal antidepressant exposure present increased risks of neurodevelopmental pathologies. The ongoing clinical debate presents inconclusive data, while the existing animal models of maternal depression do not include early gestational periods, and, do not monitor depressive-like behavior nor address the cardiovascular abnormalities. The presented model includes pregestational depressive behavior extending into pregnancy and lactation, periods that have not been previously examined. Rat dams exposed to pre-gestational chronic mild stress (CMS) developed a sustained decrease in self-grooming behavior, correlated with hormonal, behavioral, and cardiac changes persisting through the postpartum period. Preliminary data indicate neurodevelopmental delays, behavioral and cardiac abnormalities, and altered levels of both the brain and the heart markers in the offspring of stressed dams. Furthermore, the preliminary data predict that maternal pregnancy during the perinatal period is likely to impact the neurodevelopmental process in a sex-dependent manner. Thus the presented here model (PG-LAC CMS) fulfills both the face and the construct validity criteria for maternal stress-induced depression during pregnancy and postpartum that may facilitate further studies of the relative risks of untreated vs. antidepressant-treated maternal depression during pregnancy to the mother and her offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czarzasta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Makowska-Zubrycka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kaja Kasarello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Veronica M Skital
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Tyszkowska
- Central Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusik
- Central Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anika Jesion
- Central Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wojciechowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Segiet
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Wrzesien
- Central Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Biały
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Krzascik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wisłowska-Stanek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Elzbieta M Sajdel-Sulkowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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