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Julca I, Alaminos M, González-López J, Manzanera M. Xeroprotectants for the stabilization of biomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1641-54. [PMID: 22814234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the advancement of science and technology, it is crucial to have effective preservation methods for the stable long-term storage of biological material (biomaterials). As an alternative to cryopreservation, various techniques have been developed, which are based on the survival mechanism of anhydrobiotic organisms. In this sense, it has been found that the synthesis of xeroprotectants can effectively stabilize biomaterials in a dry state. The most widely studied xeroprotectant is trehalose, which has excellent properties for the stabilization of certain proteins, bacteria, and biological membranes. There have also been attempts to apply trehalose to the stabilization of eukaryotic cells but without conclusive results. Consequently, a xeroprotectant or method that is useful for the stable drying of a particular biomaterial might not necessarily be suitable for another one. This article provides an overview of recent advances in the use of new techniques to stabilize biomaterials and compare xeroprotectants with other more standard methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Julca
- Institute for Water Research, and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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252
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253
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Jenkins DM, Powell CD, Fischborn T, Smart KA. Rehydration of Active Dry Brewing Yeast and its Effect on Cell Viability. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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254
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Spray-drying microencapsulation of Trichoderma harzianum conidias in carbohydrate polymers matrices. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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255
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Hoefman S, Van Hoorde K, Boon N, Vandamme P, De Vos P, Heylen K. Survival or revival: long-term preservation induces a reversible viable but non-culturable state in methane-oxidizing bacteria. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34196. [PMID: 22539945 PMCID: PMC3335116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge on long-term preservation of micro-organisms is limited and research in the field is scarce despite its importance for microbial biodiversity and biotechnological innovation. Preservation of fastidious organisms such as methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) has proven difficult. Most MOB do not survive lyophilization and only some can be cryopreserved successfully for short periods. A large-scale study was designed for a diverse set of MOB applying fifteen cryopreservation or lyophilization conditions. After three, six and twelve months of preservation, the viability (via live-dead flow cytometry) and culturability (via most-probable number analysis and plating) of the cells were assessed. All strains could be cryopreserved without a significant loss in culturability using 1% trehalose in 10-fold diluted TSB (TT) as preservation medium and 5% DMSO as cryoprotectant. Several other cryopreservation and lyophilization conditions, all of which involved the use of TT medium, also allowed successful preservation but showed a considerable loss in culturability. We demonstrate here that most of these non-culturables survived preservation according to viability assessment indicating that preservation induces a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state in a significant fraction of cells. Since this state is reversible, these findings have major implications shifting the emphasis from survival to revival of cells in a preservation protocol. We showed that MOB cells could be significantly resuscitated from the VBNC state using the TT preservation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Hoefman
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Van Hoorde
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Faculty of Applied Bioscience Engineering, University College Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Paul De Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kim Heylen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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256
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Safeguarding bacterial resources promotes biotechnological innovation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:565-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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257
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Yánez-Mendizábal V, Viñas I, Usall J, Torres R, Solsona C, Abadias M, Teixidó N. Formulation development of the biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis strain CPA-8 by spray-drying. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112:954-65. [PMID: 22332943 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prepare commercially acceptable formulations of Bacillus subtilis CPA-8 by spray-drying with long storage life and retained efficacy to control peach and nectarine brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. METHODS AND RESULTS CPA-8 24-h- and 72-h-old cultures were spray dried using 10% skimmed milk, 10% skimmed milk plus 10% MgSO(4) , 10% MgSO(4) and 20% MgSO(4) as carriers/protectants. All carriers/protectants gave good percentages of powder recovery (28-38%) and moisture content (7-13%). CPA-8 survival varied considerably among spray-dried 24-h- and 72-h-old cultures. Seventy-two hours culture spray dried formulations showed the highest survival (28-32%) with final concentration products of 1·6-3·3 × 10(9) CFU g(-1) , while viability of 24-h-old formulations was lower than 1%. Spray-dried 72-h-old formulations were selected to subsequent evaluation. Rehydration of cells with water provided a good recovery of CPA-8 dried cells, similar to other complex rehydration media tested. Spray-dried formulations stored at 4 ± 1 and 20 ± 1°C showed good shelf life during 6 months, and viability was maintained or slightly decreased by 0·2-0·3-log. CPA-8 formulations after 4- and 6 months storage were effective in controlling brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. on nectarines and peaches resulting in a 90-100% reduction in disease incidence. CONCLUSIONS Stable and effective formulations of biocontrol agent B. subtilis CPA-8 could be obtained by spray-drying. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY New shelf-stable and effective formulations of a biocontrol agent have been obtained by spray-drying to control brown rot on peach.
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258
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Schoebitz M, Simonin H, Poncelet D. Starch filler and osmoprotectants improve the survival of rhizobacteria in dried alginate beads. J Microencapsul 2012; 29:532-8. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2012.665090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Schoebitz
- Département de Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, ONIRIS, Rue de la Géraudière,
BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal,
Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Hélène Simonin
- Département de Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, ONIRIS, Rue de la Géraudière,
BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Denis Poncelet
- Département de Génie des Procédés Alimentaires, ONIRIS, Rue de la Géraudière,
BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France
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259
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Tymczyszyn EE, Sosa N, Gerbino E, Hugo A, Gómez-Zavaglia A, Schebor C. Effect of physical properties on the stability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus in a freeze-dried galacto-oligosaccharides matrix. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 155:217-21. [PMID: 22410267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) to protect Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus upon freeze drying was analyzed on the basis of their capacity to form glassy structures. Glass transition temperatures (T(g)) of a GOS matrix at various relative humidities (RH) were determined by DSC. Survival of L. bulgaricus in a glassy GOS matrix was investigated after freezing, freeze drying, equilibration at different RHs and storage at different temperatures. At 32 °C, a drastic viability loss was observed. At 20 °C, the survival was affected by the water content, having the samples stored at lower RHs, the highest survival percentages. At 4°C, no decay in the cells count was observed after 45 days of storage. The correlation between molecular mobility [as measured by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR)] and loss of viability explained the efficiency of GOS as cryoprotectants. The preservation of microorganisms was improved at low molecular mobility and this condition was obtained at low water contents and low storage temperatures. These results are important in the developing of new functional foods containing pre and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Elizabeth Tymczyszyn
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos-CIDCA, Conicet La Plata, UNLP, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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260
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261
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The application of flow cytometry to the characterisation of a probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri DPC16 and the evaluation of sugar preservatives for its lyophilization. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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262
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Gaggia F, Di Gioia D, Baffoni L, Biavati B. The role of protective and probiotic cultures in food and feed and their impact in food safety. Trends Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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263
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Wessman P, Mahlin D, Akhtar S, Rubino S, Leifer K, Kessler V, Håkansson S. Impact of matrix properties on the survival of freeze-dried bacteria. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:2518-2528. [PMID: 21445855 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disaccharides are, in general, the first choice as formulation compounds when freeze-drying microorganisms. Although polysaccharides and other biopolymers are considered too large to stabilise and interact with cell components in the same beneficial way as disaccharides, polymers have been reported to support cell survival. In the present study we compare the efficiency of sucrose and the polymers Ficoll, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and polyvinylalcohol to support the survival of three bacterial strains during freeze drying. The initial osmotic conditions were adjusted to be similar for all formulations. Formulation characterisation was used to interpret the impact that different compound properties had on cell survival. RESULTS Despite differences in molecular size, both sucrose and the sucrose-based polymer Ficoll supported cell survival after freeze drying equally well. All formulations became amorphous upon dehydration. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction data showed that the discerned differences in structure of the dry formulations had little impact on the survival rates. The capability of the polymers to support cell survival correlated with the surface activity of the polymers in a similar way for all investigated bacterial strains. CONCLUSION Polymer-based formulations can support cell survival as effectively as disaccharides if formulation properties of importance for maintaining cell viability are identified and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Wessman
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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264
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Navarta L, Calvo J, Calvente V, Benuzzi D, Sanz M. Freezing and freeze-drying of the bacterium Rahnella aquatilis BNM 0523: study of protecting agents, rehydration media and freezing temperatures. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:565-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03150.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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265
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Wunschel DS, Wahl KL, Melville AM, Sorensen CM, Colburn HA, Valentine NB, Stamper CL. Determination of post-culture processing with carbohydrates by MALDI-MS and TMS derivatization GC–MS. Talanta 2011; 85:2352-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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266
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267
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Santivarangkna C, Aschenbrenner M, Kulozik U, Foerst P. Role of Glassy State on Stabilities of Freeze-Dried Probiotics. J Food Sci 2011; 76:R152-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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268
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PYAR HASSAN, PEH KOKKHIANG. Effect of cryoprotective agents on survival and stability of Lactobacillus acidophilus cultured in food-grade medium. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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269
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Shamekhi F, Shuhaimi M, Ariff AB, Yazid AM. Optimization of a cryoprotective medium for infant formula probiotic applications using response surface methodology. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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270
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Bejrapha P, Surassmo S, Choi MJ, Nakagawa K, Min SG. Studies on the role of gelatin as a cryo- and lyo-protectant in the stability of capsicum oleoresin nanocapsules in gelatin matrix. J FOOD ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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271
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Yamaguishi CT, Spier MR, De Dea Lindner J, Soccol VT, Soccol CR. Current Market Trends and Future Directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20838-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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272
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273
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Li B, Tian F, Liu X, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Effects of cryoprotectants on viability of Lactobacillus reuteri CICC6226. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:609-16. [PMID: 21626024 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Freeze-drying is commonly used to preserve probiotics, but it could cause cell damage and loss of viability. The cryoprotectants play an important role in the conservation of viability during freeze-drying. In this study, we investigated the survival rates of Lactobacillus reuteri CICC6226 in the presence of cryoprotectants such as sucrose, trehalose, and reconstituted skim milk (RSM). In addition, we determined the activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ATPases immediately following the freeze-drying. The results showed that the differences in HK and PK activities with and without the cryoprotectants during freeze-drying were not significant, but cell viability and activities of LDH and ATPase were significantly different (P<0.01) prior to and after freeze-drying. Meanwhile, the results showed that the maintenance of the membrane integrity and fluidity was improved in the presence of the 10% trehalose or 10% RSM than other treatments during freeze-drying. These results have provided direct biochemical and metabolic evidence of injured cell during freeze-drying. Freeze-drying damaged membrane structure and function of cell and inactivated enzymes (LDH and ATPases). The results imply that LDH and ATPases are key markers and could be used to evaluate the effect of cryoprotectants on viability and metabolic activities of L. reuteri CICC6226 during freeze-drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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274
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Peighambardoust S, Golshan Tafti A, Hesari J. Application of spray drying for preservation of lactic acid starter cultures: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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275
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Méndez-Vilas A, Labajos-Broncano L, Perera-Núñez J, González-Martín ML. Are the soft, liquid-like structures detected around bacteria by ambient dynamic atomic force microscopy capsules? Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:3102-14. [PMID: 21398482 PMCID: PMC3126393 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01262-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution imaging of bacterial capsules by microscopy is of paramount importance in microbiology due to their role in pathogenesis. This is, however, quite a challenging task due to their delicate nature. In this context, recent reports have claimed successful exploitation of the capacity of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for imaging of extremely deformable (even liquid) surfaces under ambient conditions to detect bacterial capsules in the form of tiny amounts of liquid-like substances around bacteria. In order to further explore this supposed capacity of AFM, in this work, three staphylococcal strains have been scrutinized for the presence of capsules using such an AFM-based approach with a phosphate buffer and water as the suspending liquids. Similar results were obtained with the three strains. AFM showed the presence of liquid-like substances identical to those attributed to bacterial capsules in the previous literature. Extensive imaging and chemical analysis point out the central role of the suspending liquid (buffer) in the formation of these substances. The phenomenon has been reproduced even by using nonliving particles, a finding that refutes the biological origin of the liquid-like substances visualized around the cells. Deliquescence of major components of biological buffers, such as K(2)HPO(4), CaCl(2), or HEPES, is proposed as the fundamental mechanism of the formation of these ultrasmall liquid-like structures. Such an origin could explain the high similarity of our results obtained with three very different strains and also the high similarity of these results to others reported in the literature based on other bacteria and suspending liquids. Finally, possible biological/biomedical implications of the presence of these ultrasmall amounts of liquids wrapping microorganisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Méndez-Vilas
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - L. Labajos-Broncano
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - J. Perera-Núñez
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - M. L. González-Martín
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
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276
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SILVA JOANA, FREIXO RICARDO, GIBBS PAUL, TEIXEIRA PAULA. Spray-drying for the production of dried cultures. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2011.00677.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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277
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Elizabeth Tymczyszyn E, Gerbino E, Illanes A, Gómez-Zavaglia A. Galacto-oligosaccharides as protective molecules in the preservation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Cryobiology 2011; 62:123-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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278
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Biomass production and small-scale testing of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria starter strains for cassava fermentations. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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279
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In situ detection of aromatic compounds with biosensor Pseudomonas putida cells preserved and delivered to soil in water-soluble gelatin capsules. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 400:1093-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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280
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Golowczyc MA, Gerez CL, Silva J, Abraham AG, De Antoni GL, Teixeira P. Survival of spray-dried Lactobacillus kefir is affected by different protectants and storage conditions. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 33:681-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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281
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Drago L, Rodighiero V, Celeste T, Rovetto L, De Vecchi E. Microbiological Evaluation of Commercial Probiotic Products Available in the USA in 2009. J Chemother 2010; 22:373-377. [DOI: 10.1179/joc.2010.22.6.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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282
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Rault A, Bouix M, Béal C. Cryotolerance of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CFL1 is influenced by the physiological state during fermentation. Int Dairy J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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283
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Optimization of Dehydration of Lactobacillus salivarius Using Radiant Energy Vacuum. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-010-0437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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284
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Relationship between growth behaviour, micro and macroscopic morphologies and freezing sensitivity of the ripening starter Geotrichum candidum is strain specific and mostly related to the morphotypes: the arthrospores/hyphae parameter. J DAIRY RES 2010; 77:425-31. [PMID: 20831843 DOI: 10.1017/s002202991000066x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic conformation, growth behaviour and freezing sensitivity of seven strains of Geotrichum candidum, a ripening starter, were studied and compared according to their macroscopic morphotypes. It has been shown that the thallus forming units (TFU)×ml-1/OD600nm ratio as a function of time is an interesting parameter to follow G. candidum sporulation through the growth behaviour. Microscopic conformation, growth behaviour and freezing sensitivity are clearly strain specific and mostly related to their corresponding morphotypes "yeast", "mould" or "intermediate". The two "mould" strains that sporulate weakly (UCMA103, UCMA499) showed a low survival rate to freezing stress whereas the "yeast" strains expressed a significant resistance owing to the arthrospore abundance. Interestingly, one strain (UCMA96) which appeared on solid medium in accord with the "mould" morphotype respond similarly to freezing stress.
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285
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Effect of freeze-drying on viability andin vitroprobiotic properties of a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts isolated from kefir. J DAIRY RES 2010; 78:15-22. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022029910000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The effect of freeze-drying on viability and probiotic properties of a microbial mixture containing selected bacterial and yeast strains isolated from kefir grains (Lactobacillus kefir,Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactococcus lactis,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeandKluyveromyces marxianus) was studied. The microorganisms were selected according to their potentially probiotic propertiesin vitroalready reported. Two types of formulations were performed, a microbial mixture (MM) suspended in milk and a milk product fermented with MM (FMM). To test the effect of storage on viability of microorganisms, MM and FMM were freeze-dried and maintained at 4°C for six months. After 180 days of storage at 4°C, freeze-dried MM showed better survival rates for each strain than freeze-dried FMM. The addition of sugars (trehalose or sucrose) did not improve the survival rates of any of the microorganisms after freeze-drying. Freeze-drying did not affect the capacity of MM to inhibit growth ofShigella sonnei in vitro, since the co-incubation of this pathogen with freeze-dried MM produced a decrease of 2 log inShigellaviability. The safety of freeze-dried MM was tested in mice and non-translocation of microorganisms to liver or spleen was observed in BALB/c mice feedad libitumduring 7 or 20 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report about the effect of freeze-drying on viability,in vitroprobiotic properties and microbial translocation of a mixture containing different strains of both bacteria and yeasts isolated from kefir.
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286
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Zerdin K, Scully AD. Inactivation of food-borne spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms on the surface of a photoactive polymer. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:1109-17. [PMID: 20670362 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00774.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photodynamic action of a novel photoactive polymer comprising covalently bound anthraquinone (AQ) moieties was evaluated after developing a methodology to reliably immobilize viable micro-organisms onto polymer film surfaces. The survival of Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus (vegetative cells and spores), Fusarium oxysporum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae microbes inoculated on the surface of inert polymeric substrates was assessed to determine the effect of inoculum composition, drying rate and exposure to ultraviolet (UV-A) radiation. Their survival was highly dependent on microbial genus, with E. coli consistently displaying markedly shorter survival times than the other microbes, and B. cereus spores being the most resistant. Inoculation of the microbes onto the surface of the photoactive polymer films, followed by exposure to UV-A radiation, dramatically accelerated the inactivation of all microbial types studied compared with their survival on the surface of inert polymer substrates. Simultaneous exposure to both oxygen and UV-A radiation is required to affect cell survival, which is consistent with this effect most likely originating from the photoinduced production of singlet oxygen by the photoactive polymer. These results provide further compelling evidence that singlet oxygen produced exogenously by this photoactive polymeric substrate can successfully inactivate a broad spectrum of microbes on the substrate's surface.
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287
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Janssens D, Arahal DR, Bizet C, Garay E. The role of public biological resource centers in providing a basic infrastructure for microbial research. Res Microbiol 2010; 161:422-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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288
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An investigation into the preservation of microbial cell banks for α-amylase production during 5 l fed-batch Bacillus licheniformis fermentations. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 32:1405-12. [PMID: 20490614 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent staining techniques were used for a systematic examination of methods used to cryopreserve microbial cell banks. The aim of cryopreservation here is to ensure subsequent reproducible fermentation performance rather than just post thaw viability. Bacillus licheniformis cell physiology post-thaw is dependent on the cryopreservant (either Tween 80, glycerol or dimethyl sulphoxide) and whilst this had a profound effect on the length of the lag phase, during subsequent 5 l fed-batch fermentations, it had little effect on maximum specific growth rate, final biomass concentration or α-amylase activity. Tween 80 not only protected the cells during freezing but also helped them recover post-thaw resulting in shorter process times.
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289
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Nagy ZT. A hands-on overview of tissue preservation methods for molecular genetic analyses. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-010-0012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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290
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Thermal Drying of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and its Efficient Use as Starter for Whey Fermentation and Unsalted Cheese Making. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1270-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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291
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Lateral reorganization of plasma membrane is involved in the yeast resistance to severe dehydration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:975-85. [PMID: 20116363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the kinetic and the magnitude of dehydrations on yeast plasma membrane (PM) modifications because this parameter is crucial to cell survival. Functional (permeability) and structural (morphology, ultrastructure, and distribution of the protein Sur7-GFP contained in sterol-rich membrane microdomains) PM modifications were investigated by confocal and electron microscopy after progressive (non-lethal) and rapid (lethal) hyperosmotic perturbations. Rapid cell dehydration induced the formation of many PM invaginations followed by membrane internalization of low sterol content PM regions with time. Permeabilization of the plasma membrane occurred during the rehydration stage because of inadequacies in the membrane surface and led to cell death. Progressive dehydration conducted to the formation of some big PM pleats without membrane internalization. It also led to the modification of the distribution of the Sur7-GFP microdomains, suggesting that a lateral rearrangement of membrane components occurred. This event is a function of time and is involved in the particular deformations of the PM during a progressive perturbation. The maintenance of the repartition of the microdomains during rapid perturbations consolidates this assumption. These findings highlight that the perturbation kinetic influences the evolution of the PM organization and indicate the crucial role of PM lateral reorganization in cell survival to hydric perturbations.
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292
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Winters RD, Winn WC. A Simple, Effective Method for Bacterial Culture Storage: A Brief Technical Report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2010.40.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Winters
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Washington C Winn
- Department of Pathology, UVM COM and Fletcher Allen Healthcare, Burlington, VT, USA
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293
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Muto M, Abe F, Yaeshima T, Iwatsuki K. Effect of Enumeration Method on <i>Bifidobacterium</i> Cell Counts in Commercial Powder Products. Biosci Microflora 2010. [DOI: 10.12938/bifidus.29.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Muto
- Food Science & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd
| | - Fumiaki Abe
- Food Science & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd
| | - Tomoko Yaeshima
- Food Science & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd
| | - Keiji Iwatsuki
- Food Science & Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd
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294
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National survey outcomes on commercial probiotic food supplements in Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 2009; 137:265-73. [PMID: 20061041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To assess whether the probiotic food supplements, produced and distributed on the Italian market during 2005-2006, complied with the Italian Guidelines on Prebiotics and Probiotics, 72 samples from 29 processing plants were analyzed. The survey included 41 samples from processing plants and 31 samples of the same brand from retailers collected at timed intervals (3, 8 and 13 months). A polyphasic approach based on a suitable analytical collection method (genotypic identification of total bacteria - differential presumptive enumeration - genotypic identification of viable bacteria) was adopted to identify and quantify the microorganisms labelled and recovered from the probiotic supplements examined. Most supplements analyzed (87%) did not conform to the Italian guidelines and the differences were both quantitative and qualitative (number determination, purity, types and viability of microorganisms). Even though most labelled supplements (25 samples) indicated the presence of Bifidobacterium bifidum, this organism was only detected sporadically and always as dead cells. Unexpected results were obtained during our survey due to the absence of viability of Bacillus coagulans spores in some labelled supplements. Besides this, some of these supplements also contained other spore-forming species, identified as B. cereus that are toxin producing. We have also documented a widespread use of misclassified microbial species or species with fictitious names. The main factors involved in the absence of compliance were examined and the poor quality control applied by manufacturers was emphasized.
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295
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SOS induction by vacuum, desiccation and low-energy ion beam mock-irradiation in bacteria. ANN MICROBIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03179228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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296
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Martins F, Veloso L, Arantes R, Nicoli J. Effects of yeast probiotic formulation on viability, revival and protection against infection withSalmonella entericassp.entericaserovar Typhimurium in mice. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 49:738-44. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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297
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Scherber CM, Schottel JL, Aksan A. Membrane phase behavior of Escherichia coli during desiccation, rehydration, and growth recovery. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:2427-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Revised: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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298
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299
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Pardo S, Galvagno MA, Cerrutti P. [Studies of viability and vitality after freezing of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii: physiological preconditioning effect]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2009; 26:155-60. [PMID: 19631167 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(09)70028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitality and viability of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii after freezing/thawing and the physiological preconditioning effect on these properties. The results indicate that the specific growth rate (0.3/h(-1)) and biomass (2-3 x10(8)cells/ml) of S. boulardii obtained in flasks shaken at 28 degrees C and at 37 degrees C were similar. Batch cultures of the yeast in bioreactors using glucose or sugar-cane molasses as carbon sources, reached yields of 0.28 g biomass/g sugar consumed, after 10h incubation at 28 degrees C; the same results were obtained in fed batch fermentations. On the other hand, in batch cultures, the vitality of cells recovered during the exponential growth phase was greater than the vitality of cells from the stationary phase of growth. Vitality of cells from fed-batch fermentations was similar to that of stationary growing cells from batch fermentations. Survival to freezing at -20 degrees C and subsequent thawing of cells from batch cultures was 0.31% for cells in exponential phase of growth and 11.5% for cells in stationary phase. Pre-treatment of this yeast in media with water activity (a(w)) 0.98 increased the survival to freezing of S. boulardii cells stored at -20 degrees C for 2 months by 10 fold. Exposure of the yeast to media of reduced a(w) and/or freezing/thawing process negatively affected cell vitality. It was concluded that stress conditions studied herein decrease vitality of S. boulardii. Besides, the yeast strain studied presented good tolerance to bile salts even at low pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Pardo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Industrial, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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300
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Strasser S, Neureiter M, Geppl M, Braun R, Danner H. Influence of lyophilization, fluidized bed drying, addition of protectants, and storage on the viability of lactic acid bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:167-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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