1
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Li M, Li J, Qin X, Cai J, Peng R, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhao W, Chen M, Han D, Gong J. The effects of dextran in residual impurity on trehalose crystallization and formula in food preservation. Food Chem 2024; 442:138326. [PMID: 38219563 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The residual dextran impurities in the upstream process significantly impact the crystallization of starch-based functional sugar and the related food properties. This study intends to reveal the mechanism of dextran's influence on trehalose crystallization, and build a relationship among the dextran in syrup and the physicochemical and functional properties of trehalose. Instead of incorporating into the crystal lattice, dextran changes the assembly rate of trehalose molecules on crystal surface. The different sensitivity and adsorption capacity of the crystal surface to the chain length of dextran determines the growth rate of crystal surfaces, resulting in different crystal morphology. The bulk trehalose crystals, which were obtained from syrups with short chain dextran, have excellent powder properties, including best flowability (35◦), highest crystal strength (2.7 N), lowest caking rate (62.22 %), and the most uniform mixing with other sweeteners (sucrose/xylitol) in food formulations, achieving more stable starch preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueyou Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ronghua Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Shandong Fuyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shandong 253100, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shandong Fuyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shandong 253100, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Junbo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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2
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Wang F, Bi J, Lyu M, Lyu J. Insight into the effect of osmosis agents on macro- and micro- texture, water distribution, and thermal stability of instant controlled pressure drop drying peach chips. Food Chem 2024; 440:138236. [PMID: 38142552 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of sugar structure on the quality of peach chips produced using osmotic dehydration (OD) in combination with instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) drying, erythritol, glucose, maltose, and trehalose were selected as osmotic agents. The properties of the osmotic solutions, as well as the macro- and micro-texture, water distribution, and thermal stability of peach chips were investigated. Results showed that OD pretreatments inhibited the formation of large cavity structures. The highest hardness (101.34 N) and the lowest hydrophobicity (0°) were obtained in erythritol-OD samples. Trehalose-OD samples with the most homogeneous pore structure exhibited the highest crispness (1.05 mm) and the highest glass transition temperature (52.06 °C). Various absorption peaks of peach chips pretreated with different OD methods, characterized by Raman spectroscopy, suggested changes in composition and functional groups due to the diffusion of sugars into the cells of peach tissues, which also contributed to the higher Tg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhao Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinfeng Bi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingyue Lyu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
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3
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Madi C, Hsein H, Busignies V, Tchoreloff P, Mazel V. Tableting behavior of freeze and spray-dried excipients in pharmaceutical formulations. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124059. [PMID: 38552753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Most of biopharmaceuticals, in their liquid form, are prone to instabilities during storage. In order to improve their stability, lyophilization is the most commonly used drying technique in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, certain applications of biopharmaceutical products can be considered by oral administration and tablets are the most frequent solid pharmaceutical dosage form used for oral route. Thus, the tableting properties of freeze-dried products used as cryo and lyoprotectant could be a key element for future pharmaceutical developments and applications. In this study, we investigated the properties that might play a particular role in the specific compaction behavior of freeze-dried excipients. The tableting properties of freeze-dried trehalose, lactose and mannitol were investigated and compared to other forms of these excipients (spray-dried, commercial crystalline and commercial crystalline milled powders). The obtained results showed a specific behavior in terms of compressibility, tabletability and brittleness for the amorphous powders obtained after freeze-drying. The comparison with the other powders showed that this specific tableting behavior is linked to both the specific texture and the physical state (amorphization) of these freeze-dried powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Madi
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400, Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Hassana Hsein
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400, Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France.
| | - Virginie Busignies
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400, Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Pierre Tchoreloff
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400, Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Vincent Mazel
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400, Talence, France; Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Hesam Universite, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
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4
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Kalera K, Liu R, Lim J, Pathirage R, Swanson DH, Johnson UG, Stothard AI, Lee JJ, Poston AW, Woodruff PJ, Ronning DR, Eoh H, Swarts BM. Targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Persistence through Inhibition of the Trehalose Catalytic Shift. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1391-1404. [PMID: 38485491 PMCID: PMC11019547 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is the leading cause of death worldwide by infectious disease. Treatment of Mtb infection requires a six-month course of multiple antibiotics, an extremely challenging regimen necessitated by Mtb's ability to form drug-tolerant persister cells. Mtb persister formation is dependent on the trehalose catalytic shift, a stress-responsive metabolic remodeling mechanism in which the disaccharide trehalose is liberated from cell surface glycolipids and repurposed as an internal carbon source to meet energy and redox demands. Here, using a biofilm-persister model, metabolomics, and cryo-electron microscopy (EM), we found that azidodeoxy- and aminodeoxy-d-trehalose analogues block the Mtb trehalose catalytic shift through inhibition of trehalose synthase TreS (Rv0126), which catalyzes the isomerization of trehalose to maltose. Out of a focused eight-member compound panel constructed by chemoenzymatic synthesis, the natural product 2-trehalosamine exhibited the highest potency and significantly potentiated first- and second-line TB drugs in broth culture and macrophage infection assays. We also report the first structure of TreS bound to a substrate analogue inhibitor, obtained via cryo-EM, which revealed conformational changes likely essential for catalysis and inhibitor binding that can potentially be exploited for future therapeutic development. Our results demonstrate that inhibition of the trehalose catalytic shift is a viable strategy to target Mtb persisters and advance trehalose analogues as tools and potential adjunctive therapeutics for investigating and targeting mycobacterial persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Kalera
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
- Biochemistry,
Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Central
Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Rachel Liu
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Juhyeon Lim
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Rasangi Pathirage
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Daniel H. Swanson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Ulysses G. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
- Biochemistry,
Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Central
Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Alicyn I. Stothard
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Anne W. Poston
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Peter J. Woodruff
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine 04104, United States
| | - Donald R. Ronning
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Swarts
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan
University, Mount
Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
- Biochemistry,
Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Central
Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
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5
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Ortega-Caballero F, Santana-Armas ML, Tros de Ilarduya C, Di Giorgio C, Tripier R, Le Bris N, Ollier C, Ortiz Mellet C, García Fernández JM, Jiménez Blanco JL, Méndez-Ardoy A. Trehalose-polyamine/DNA nanocomplexes: impact of vector architecture on cell and organ transfection selectivity. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3445-3452. [PMID: 38502035 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02889e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A novel family of precision-engineered gene vectors with well-defined structures built on trehalose and trehalose-based macrocycles (cyclotrehalans) comprising linear or cyclic polyamine heads have been synthesized through procedures that exploit click chemistry reactions. The strategy was conceived to enable systematic structural variations and, at the same time, ensuring that enantiomerically pure vectors are obtained. Notably, changes in the molecular architecture translated into topological differences at the nanoscale upon co-assembly with plasmid DNA, especially regarding the presence of regions with short- or long-range internal order as observed by TEM. In vitro and in vivo experiments further evidenced a significant impact on cell and organ transfection selectivity. Altogether, the results highlight the potential of trehalose-polyamine/pDNA nanocomplex monoformulations to achieve targeting transfection without the need for any additional cell- or organ-sorting component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ortega-Caballero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García González 1, Sevilla 41012, Spain. @us.es
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Higher Polytechnic School, University of Seville, c/Virgen de África 7, Sevilla 41011, Spain
| | - María L Santana-Armas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Conchita Tros de Ilarduya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Christophe Di Giorgio
- Institut de Chimie Nice, UMR 7272, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valrose, Nice 06108, France
| | - Raphäel Tripier
- Université de Brest, UMR CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, Brest 29238, France
| | - Nathalie Le Bris
- Université de Brest, UMR CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, Brest 29238, France
| | - Cedric Ollier
- Université de Brest, UMR CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, Brest 29238, France
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García González 1, Sevilla 41012, Spain. @us.es
| | - José M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC -, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - José L Jiménez Blanco
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García González 1, Sevilla 41012, Spain. @us.es
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Ardoy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García González 1, Sevilla 41012, Spain. @us.es
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC -, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
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6
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Lay-Fortenbery A, Tower CW, Ezeajughi E, Calahan J, Duru C, Matejtschuk P, Munson EJ. Predicting the Stability of Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin Formulations Containing Sucrose and Trehalose Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Effect of Storage Temperature on 1H T 1 Relaxation Times. AAPS J 2024; 26:40. [PMID: 38570383 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In a lyophilized protein/disaccharide system, the ability of the disaccharide to form a homogeneous mixture with the protein and to slow the protein mobility dictates the stabilization potential of the formulation. Human serum albumin was lyophilized with sucrose or trehalose in histidine, phosphate, or citrate buffer. 1H T1 relaxation times were measured by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and were used to assess the homogeneity and mobility of the samples after zero, six, and twelve months at different temperatures. The mobility of the samples decreased after 6 and 12 months storage at elevated temperatures, consistent with structural relaxation of the amorphous disaccharide matrix. Formulations with sucrose had lower mobility and greater stability than formulations with trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lay-Fortenbery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Cole W Tower
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ernest Ezeajughi
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Julie Calahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Chinwe Duru
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK.
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA.
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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7
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Tristan Osanlóo D, Mahlin D, Bjerregaard S, Bergenståhl B, Millqvist-Fureby A. Formulation factors affecting foam properties during vacuum foam-drying. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123803. [PMID: 38218506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
This paper explores how vacuum foam-drying of a protein is influenced by formulation parameters by investigating the foam structure, physical properties of the foam, and the stability of the protein. Recombinant human bile salt-stimulated lipase was used as a model of a protein drug. The stability of the lipase was evaluated through activity measurements. Two disaccharides (sucrose and trehalose), strongly tending to an amorphous form, were used as matrix formers, and the physical properties were assessed through residual water content, glass transition temperature, and crystalline state. Moreover, some formulations included surfactants with different sizes and structures of the head group. The alkyl chain length was kept constant to only investigate the impact of the surfactant head group, in the presence of the lipase, on the foamability and surface coverage of the lipase. The study demonstrated that the lipase allowed for a dry, solid foam with a foam overrun of up to 2600 %. The wall thickness of the dry, solid foam was estimated to be 20-50 µm. Clear differences between sucrose and trehalose as matrix former were identified. The lipase showed no tendency to lose activity because of the drying and rehydration, despite a proportion of the lipase covering the surfaces of the dry material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tristan Osanlóo
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 5604, Stockholm SE-114 86, Sweden; University of Lund, Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Box 117, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.
| | - Denny Mahlin
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 5604, Stockholm SE-114 86, Sweden.
| | - Simon Bjerregaard
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Amager Strandvej 405, Kastrup 2770, Denmark.
| | - Björn Bergenståhl
- University of Lund, Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Box 117, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.
| | - Anna Millqvist-Fureby
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 5604, Stockholm SE-114 86, Sweden; University of Lund, Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Box 117, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.
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8
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Wang Z, Liu W, Duan X, Ren G, Li L, Cao W, Guo J, Jiao X, Zhu L, Wei X. Effects of freezing and drying programs on IgY aggregation and activity during microwave freeze-drying: Protective effects and interactions of trehalose and mannitol. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129448. [PMID: 38228204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The acquisition of high quality lyophilized IgY products, characterized by an aesthetically pleasing visage, heightened stability, and a marked preservation of activity, constitutes an indispensable pursuit in augmenting the safety and pragmatic utility of IgY. Within this context, an exploration was undertaken to investigate an innovative modality encompassing microwave freeze-drying (MFD) as a preparatory methodology of IgY. Morphological assessments revealed that both cryogenic freezing and subsequent MFD procedures resulted in aggregation of IgY, with the deleterious influence posed by the MFD phase transcending that of the freezing phase. The composite protective agent comprised of trehalose and mannitol engendered a safeguarding effect on the structural integrity of IgY, thereby attenuating reducing aggregation between IgY during the freeze-drying process. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) outcomes demonstrated a discernible correlation between IgY aggregation and a notable reduction in its binding affinity towards the pertinent antigen. Comparative analysis vis-à-vis the control sample delineated that when the trehalose-to-mannitol ratio was upheld at 1:3, a two-fold outcome was achieved: a mitigation of the collapse susceptibility within the final product as well as a deterrence of IgY agglomeration, concomitant with an elevated preservation rate of active antibodies (78.57 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, 462300 Luohe, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China.
| | - Xu Duan
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China.
| | - Guangyue Ren
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China.
| | - Linlin Li
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China
| | - Jingfang Guo
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, 462300 Luohe, China
| | - Xueyuan Jiao
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China
| | - Lewen Zhu
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- School of Food and Biobiological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000 Luoyang, China
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9
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Vallaster B, Engelsing F, Grohganz H. Influence of water and trehalose on α- and β-relaxation of freeze-dried lysozyme formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 194:1-8. [PMID: 38029940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mobility in form of alpha and beta relaxations is considered crucial for characterization of amorphous lyophilizates and reflected in the transition temperatures Tgα and Tgβ. Based on an overview of applied methods to study beta relaxations, Dynamic Mechanical analysis was used to measure Tgα and Tgβ in amorphous freeze-dried samples. Lysozyme and trehalose as well as their mixtures in varying ratios were investigated. Three different residual moisture levels, ranging from roughly 0.5-7 % (w/w), were prepared via equilibration of the freeze-dried samples. Known plasticising effects of water on Tgα were confirmed, also via differential scanning calorimetry. In addition and contrary to expectations, an influence of water on the Tgβ also was observed. On the other hand, an increasing amount of trehalose lowered Tgα but increased Tgβ showing that Tgα and Tgβ are not paired. The findings were interpreted with regard to their underlying molecular mechanisms and a correlation with the known influences of water and trehalose on stability. The results provide encouraging hints for future stability studies of freeze-dried protein formulations, which are urgently needed, not least for reasons of sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Vallaster
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florian Engelsing
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Li J, Wang H, Wang L, Yu D, Zhang X. Stabilization effects of saccharides in protein formulations: A review of sucrose, trehalose, cyclodextrins and dextrans. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106625. [PMID: 37918545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Saccharides are a popular group of stabilizers in liquid, frozen and freeze dried protein formulations. The current work reviewed the stabilization mechanisms of three groups of saccharides: (i) Disaccharides, specifically sucrose and trehalose; (ii) cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides; and (iii) dextrans, a class of polysaccharides. Compared to sucrose, trehalose exhibits a more pronounced preferential exclusion effect in liquid protein formulations, due to its stronger interaction with water molecules. However, trehalose obtains higher phase separation and crystallization propensity in frozen solutions, resulting in the loss of its stabilization function. In lyophilized formulations, sucrose has a higher crystallization propensity. Besides, its glass matrix is less homogeneous than that of trehalose, thus undermining its lyoprotectant function. Nevertheless, the hygroscopic nature of trehalose may result in high water absorption upon storage. Among all the CDs, the β form is believed to have stronger interactions with proteins than the α- and γ-CDs. However, the stabilization effect, brought about by CD-protein interactions, is case-by-case - in some examples, such interactions can promote protein destabilization. The stabilization effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) has been extensively studied. Due to its amphiphilic nature, it can act as a surface-active agent in preventing interfacial stresses. Besides, it is a dual functional excipient in freeze dried formulations, acting as an amorphous bulking agent and lyoprotectant. Finally, dextrans, when combined with sucrose or trehalose, can be used to produce stable freeze dried protein formulations. A strong stabilization effect can be realized by low molecular weight dextrans. However, the terminal glucose in dextrans yields protein glycation, which warrants extra caution during formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Hongyue Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Lushan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Dongyue Yu
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Xiangrong Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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11
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Hsein H, Madi C, Mazel V, Tchoreloff P, Busignies V. Tableting properties of freeze-dried trehalose: Physico-chemical and mechanical investigation. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123598. [PMID: 37956724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-drying of biopharmaceutical products is the method of choice in order to improve their stability and storage conditions. Such freeze-dried products are usually intended for parenteral route administration. However, many biopharmaceutical materials administered by parenteral route are used to treat local diseases particularly in the gastro-intestinal tract. Therefore, many studies concentrate nowadays their effort on developing alternative dosage forms to deliver biopharmaceutical molecules by the oral route. Tablets are the most popular solid pharmaceutical dosage form used for oral administration since they present many advantages, but poor informations are available on the possibility of tableting freeze-dried powders. In this study, we evaluate the compaction behavior of freeze-dried trehalose powder since trehalose is one of the most used cryo and lyoprotectant for the lyophilisation of biopharmaceutical entities. Results show that freeze-dried trehalose powder can be tableted while remaining amorphous and the obtained compacts present very specific properties in terms of compressibility, tabletability, brittleness and viscoelasticity compared to the crystalline trehalose and compared to classical pharmaceutical excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassana Hsein
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, I2M Bordeaux, Talence, F-33400, France.
| | - Charbel Madi
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, I2M Bordeaux, Talence, F-33400, France
| | - Vincent Mazel
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, I2M Bordeaux, Talence, F-33400, France
| | - Pierre Tchoreloff
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, I2M Bordeaux, Talence, F-33400, France
| | - Virginie Busignies
- Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, I2M Bordeaux, Talence, F-33400, France
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12
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Yamasaki R, Rajan R, Matsumura K. Enhancement of cryopreservation with intracellularly permeable zwitterionic polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14001-14004. [PMID: 37941405 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel copolymer containing zwitterionic and methylsulfinyl structures was developed, which enhanced cryoprotective efficacy by enabling intracellular cytoplasmic permeation without relying on mediated endocytosis and diffused out of the cells within approximately 30 min, making it more advantageous than polymeric nanoparticles for the transport of membrane-impermeable cryoprotectants such as trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Yamasaki
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
| | - Robin Rajan
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
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13
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Berruyer P, Lindkvist M, Gracin S, Starciuc T, Bertarello A, Busi B, Schantz S, Emsley L. Hierarchy of the Components in Spray-Dried, Protein-Excipient Particles Using DNP-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5682-5689. [PMID: 37782000 PMCID: PMC10630941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based drugs are becoming increasingly important, but there are challenges associated with their formulation (for example, formulating stable inhalable aerosols while maintaining the proper long-term stability of the protein). Determining the morphology of multicomponent, protein-based drug formulations is particularly challenging. Here, we use dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) solid-state NMR spectroscopy to determine the hierarchy of components within spray-dried particles containing protein, trehalose, leucine, and trileucine. DNP NMR was applied to these formulations to assess the localization of the components within the particles. We found a consistent scheme, where trehalose and the protein are co-located within the same phase in the core of the particles and leucine and trileucine are distributed in separate phases at the surface of the particles. The description of the hierarchy of the organic components determined by DNP NMR enables the rationalization of the performance of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Berruyer
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Lindkvist
- Inhalation
Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development,
Operations, AstraZeneca, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sandra Gracin
- Inhalation
Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development,
Operations, AstraZeneca, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Tatiana Starciuc
- Inhalation
Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development,
Operations, AstraZeneca, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Andrea Bertarello
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Busi
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Staffan Schantz
- Oral
Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development,
Operations, AstraZeneca, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Abstract
The phase behavior of poloxamer 188 (P188) in aqueous solutions, characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and synchrotron X-ray diffractometry, revealed solute crystallization during both freezing and thawing. Sucrose and trehalose inhibited P188 crystallization during freeze-thawing (FT). While trehalose inhibited P188 crystallization only during cooling, sucrose completely suppressed P188 crystallization during both cooling and heating. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) served as a model protein to evaluate the stabilizing effect of P188. The ability of P188, over a concentration range of 0.003-0.800% w/v, to prevent LDH (10 μg/mL) destabilization was evaluated. After five FT cycles, the aggregation behavior (by dynamic light scattering) and activity recovery were evaluated. While LDH alone was sensitive to interfacial stress, P188 at concentrations of ≥0.100% w/v stabilized the protein. However, as the surfactant concentration decreased, protein aggregation after FT increased. The addition of sugar (1.0% w/v; sucrose or trehalose) improved the stabilizing function of P188 at lower concentrations (≤0.010% w/v), possibly due to the inhibition of surfactant crystallization. Based on a comparison with the stabilization effect of polysorbate (both 20 and 80), it was evident that P188 could be a promising alternative surfactant in frozen protein formulations. However, when the surfactant concentration is low, the potential for P188 crystallization and the consequent compromise in its functionality warrant careful consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jayesh Sonje
- Pfizer Biotherapeutics, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Raj Suryanarayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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15
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Ahlgren K, Olsson C, Ermilova I, Swenson J. New insights into the protein stabilizing effects of trehalose by comparing with sucrose. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21215-21226. [PMID: 37534799 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02639f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Disaccharides are well known to be efficient stabilizers of proteins, for example in the case of lyophilization or cryopreservation. However, although all disaccharides seem to exhibit bioprotective and stabilizing properties, it is clear that trehalose is generally superior compared to other disaccharides. The aim of this study was to understand this by comparing how the structural and dynamical properties of aqueous trehalose and sucrose solutions influence the protein myoglobin (Mb). The structural studies were based on neutron and X-ray diffraction in combination with empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR) modeling, whereas the dynamical studies were based on quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results show that the overall differences in the structure and dynamics of the two systems are small, but nevertheless there are some important differences which may explain the superior stabilizing effects of trehalose. It was found that in both systems the protein is preferentially hydrated by water, but that this effect is more pronounced for trehalose, i.e. trehalose forms less hydrogen bonds to the protein surface than sucrose. Furthermore, the rotational motion around dihedrals between the two glucose rings of trehalose is slower than in the case of the dihedrals between the glucose and fructose rings of sucrose. This leads to a less perturbed protein structure in the case of trehalose. The observations indicate that an aqueous environment closest to the protein molecules is beneficial for an efficient bioprotective solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Ahlgren
- Division of Nano-Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden.
| | - Christoffer Olsson
- Division of Biomedical imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-114 28, Sweden
| | - Inna Ermilova
- Division of Nano-Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden.
| | - Jan Swenson
- Division of Nano-Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden.
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16
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Kamrani S, Yaghmaei P, Nikkhah M, Hosseinkhani S. Spectroscopic analysis of recombinant human growth hormone in the presence of sucrose and trehalose. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1543-1553. [PMID: 36807340 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is a therapeutic protein, associated with various human diseases, such as growth hormone deficiency. One of the interesting issues in the formulation of therapeutic proteins is excipients like disaccharides. In the current study, we try to compare the effect of sucrose and trehalose on the structure of rhGH in the liquid state at 25°C and 55°C. We use spectroscopic techniques including intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and time-resolved fluorescence. FTIR shows a slight change in the secondary structure of rhGH in presence of the sugars as sucrose is more effective than trehalose. Fluorescence investigations also confirm the enhancements of folding of rhGH and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-rhGH in presence of sucrose (1.5-fold more than trehalose). Also, we studied sucrose's effect on the rete of aggregation of rhGH using spectroscopy of Congo red, and fluorescence imaging of thioflavin T (ThT)-treated samples. It can be suggested that sucrose facilitates the amyloid formation of rhGH during 20 days of incubation at 37°C. This study will help to understand the growth hormone structural behavior in the liquid state in the presence of sucrose and trehalose in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Kamrani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikkhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Wang M, Mahajan A, Miller JS, McKenna DH, Aksan A. Physicochemical Mechanisms of Protection Offered by Agarose Encapsulation during Cryopreservation of Mammalian Cells in the Absence of Membrane-Penetrating Cryoprotectants. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:2226-2236. [PMID: 37212878 PMCID: PMC10330259 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
During freeze/thaw, cells are exposed to mechanical, thermal, chemical, and osmotic stresses, which cause loss of viability and function. Cryopreservation agents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) are deployed to minimize freeze/thaw damage. However, there is a pressing need to eliminate DMSO from cryopreservation solutions due to its adverse effects. This is of the highest priority especially for cryopreservation of infusible/transplantable cell therapy products. In order to address this issue, we introduce reversible encapsulation in agarose hydrogels in the presence of the membrane-impermeable cryoprotectant, trehalose, as a viable, safe, and effective cryopreservation method. Our findings, which are supported by IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analyses, demonstrate that encapsulation in 0.75% agarose hydrogels containing 10-20% trehalose inhibits mechanical damage induced by eutectic phase change, devitrification, and recrystallization, resulting in post-thaw viability comparable to the gold standard 10% DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Advitiya Mahajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jeffrey S. Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David H. McKenna
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Alptekin Aksan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
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18
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Mutukuri TT, Ling J, Du Y, Su Y, Zhou QT. Effect of Buffer Salts on Physical Stability of Lyophilized and Spray-Dried Protein Formulations Containing Bovine Serum Albumin and Trehalose. Pharm Res 2023; 40:1355-1371. [PMID: 35764755 PMCID: PMC9794634 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of buffer salts on the physical stability of spray-dried and lyophilized formulations of a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA formulations with various buffers were dried by either lyophilization or spray drying. The protein powders were then characterized using solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ssFTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), solid-state hydrogen/deuterium exchange with mass spectrometry (ssHDX-MS), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR). Particle characterizations such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, particle size distribution, and particle morphology were also performed. Results from conventional techniques such as ssFTIR did not exhibit correlations with the physical stability of studied formulations. Deconvoluted peak areas of deuterated samples from the ssHDX-MS study showed a satisfactory correlation with the loss of the monomeric peak area measured by SEC (R2 of 0.8722 for spray-dried formulations and 0.8428 for lyophilized formulations) in the 90-day accelerated stability study conducted at 40°C. mDSC and PXRD was unable to measure phase separation in the samples right after drying. In contrast, ssNMR successfully detected the occurrence of phase separation between the succinic buffer component and protein in the lyophilized formulation, which results in a distribution of microenvironmental acidity and the subsequent loss of long-term stability. Moreover, our results suggested that buffer salts have less impact on physical stability for the spray-dried formulations than the lyophilized solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Tejasvi Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Jing Ling
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
| | - Yong Du
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
| | - Yongchao Su
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA.
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
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19
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Hu Y, Liu X, Liu F, Xie J, Zhu Q, Tan S. Trehalose in Biomedical Cryopreservation-Properties, Mechanisms, Delivery Methods, Applications, Benefits, and Problems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1190-1204. [PMID: 36779397 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells and tissues are the foundation of translational medicine. At present, one of the main technological obstacles is their preservation for long-term usage while maintaining adequate viability and function. Optimized storage techniques must be developed to make them safer to use in the clinic. Cryopreservation is the most common long-term preservation method to maintain the vitality and function of cells and tissues. But, the formation of ice crystals in cells and tissues is considered to be the main mechanism that could harm cells and tissues during freezing and thawing. To reduce the formation of ice crystals, cryoprotective agents (CPAs) must be added to the cells and tissues to achieve the cryoprotective effect. However, conventional cryopreservation of cells and tissues often needs to use toxic organic solvents as CPAs. As a result, cryopreserved cells and tissues may need to go through a time-consuming washing process to remove CPAs for further applications in translational medicine, and multiple valuable cells are potentially lost or killed. Currently, trehalose has been researched as a nontoxic CPA due to its cryoprotective ability and stability during cryopreservation. Nevertheless, trehalose is a nonpermeable CPA, and the lack of an effective intracellular trehalose delivery method has become the main obstacle to its use in cryopreservation. This article illustrated the properties, mechanisms, delivery methods, and applications of trehalose, summarized the benefits and limits of trehalose, and summed up the findings and research direction of trehalose in biomedical cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Hu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiangjian Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Fenglin Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jingxian Xie
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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20
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Abstract
Extremotolerant organisms and industry exploit sugars as desiccation protectants, with trehalose being widely used by both. How sugars, in general, and the hydrolytically stable sugar trehalose, in particular, protect proteins is poorly understood, which hinders the rational design of new excipients and implementation of novel formulations for preserving lifesaving protein drugs and industrial enzymes. We employed liquid-observed vapor exchange nuclear magnetic resonance (LOVE NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) to show how trehalose and other sugars protect two model proteins: the B1 domain of streptococcal protein G (GB1) and truncated barley chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2). Residues with intramolecular H-bonds are most protected. The LOVE NMR and DSC data indicate that vitrification may be protective. Combining LOVE NMR and TGA data shows that water retention is not important. Our data suggest that sugars protect protein structure as they dry by strengthening intraprotein H-bonds and water replacement and that trehalose is the stress-tolerance sugar of choice because of its covalent stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia
A. Brom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ruta G. Petrikis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gary J. Pielak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger
Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Integrative
Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7100, United States
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21
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Simongini M, Puglisi A, Genovese F, Hochkoeppler A. Trehalose counteracts the dissociation of tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase induced by acidic pH conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 740:109584. [PMID: 37001749 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The lactate dehydrogenase from rabbit skeletal muscle (rbLDH) is a tetrameric enzyme, known to undergo dissociation when exposed to acidic pH conditions. Moreover, it should be mentioned that this dissociation translates into a pronounced loss of enzyme activity. Notably, among the compounds able to stabilize proteins and enzymes, the disaccharide trehalose represents an outperformer. In particular, trehalose was shown to efficiently counteract quite a number of physical and chemical agents inducing protein denaturation. However, no information is available on the effect, if any, exerted by trehalose against the dissociation of protein oligomers. Accordingly, we thought it of interest to investigate whether this disaccharide is competent in preventing the dissociation of rbLDH induced by acidic pH conditions. Further, we compared the action of trehalose with the effects triggered by maltose and cellobiose. Surprisingly, both these disaccharides enhanced the dissociation of rbLDH, with maltose being responsible for a major effect when compared to cellobiose. On the contrary, trehalose was effective in preventing enzyme dissociation, as revealed by activity assays and by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) experiments. Moreover, we detected a significant decrease of both K0.5 and Vmax when the rbLDH activity was tested (at pH 7.5 and 6.5) as a function of pyruvate concentration in the presence of trehalose. Further, we found that trehalose induces a remarkable increase of Vmax when the enzyme is exposed to pH 5. Overall, our observations suggest that trehalose triggers conformational rearrangements of tetrameric rbLDH mirrored by resistance to dissociation and peculiar catalytic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Simongini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Puglisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Genovese
- CIGS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Alejandro Hochkoeppler
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy; CSGI, University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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22
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Noverraz F, Robin B, Passemard S, Fauvel B, Presumey J, Rigal E, Cookson A, Chopineau J, Martineau P, Villalba M, Jorgensen C, Aubert-Pouëssel A, Morille M, Gerber-Lemaire S. Novel trehalose-based excipients for stabilizing nebulized anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody. Int J Pharm 2023; 630:122463. [PMID: 36462738 PMCID: PMC9710110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by the infection of the lungs by SARS-CoV-2. Monoclonal antibodies, such as sotrovimab, showed great efficiency in neutralizing the virus before its internalization by lung epithelial cells. However, parenteral routes are still the preferred route of administration, even for local infections, which requires injection of high doses of antibody to reach efficacious concentrations in the lungs. Lung administration of antibodies would be more relevant requiring lower doses, thus reducing the costs and the side effects. But aerosolization of therapeutic proteins is very challenging, as the different processes available are harsh and trigger protein aggregation and conformational changes. This decreases the efficiency of the treatment, and can increase its immunogenicity. To address those issues, we developed a series of new excipients composed of a trehalose core, a succinyl side chain and a hydrophobic carbon chain (from 8 to 16 carbons). Succinylation increased the solubility of the excipients, allowing their use at relevant concentrations for protein stabilization. In particular, the excipient with 16 carbons (C16TreSuc) used at 5.6 mM was able to preserve colloidal stability and antigen-binding ability of sotrovimab during the nebulization process. It could also be used as a cryoprotectant, allowing storage of sotrovimab in a lyophilized form during weeks. Finally, we demonstrated that C16TreSuc could be used as an excipient to stabilize antibodies for the treatment against COVID-19, by in vitro and in vivo assays. The presence of C16TreSuc during nebulization preserved the neutralization capacity of sotrovimab against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro; an increase of its efficacy was even observed, compared to the non-nebulized control. The in vivo study also showed the wide distribution of sotrovimab in mice lungs, after nebulization with 5.6 mM of excipient. This work brings a solution to stabilize therapeutic proteins during storage and nebulization, making pulmonary immunotherapy possible in the treatment of COVID-19 and other lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Noverraz
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Robin
- MedXCell Science, Bâtiment Cyborg 1 (IRMB), Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Solène Passemard
- Montpellier Life Science Bâtiment Cyborg 1 (IRMB), Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Bénédicte Fauvel
- CYTEA BIO, Bâtiment Cyborg 1 (IRMB), Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jessy Presumey
- CYTEA BIO, Bâtiment Cyborg 1 (IRMB), Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Rigal
- CYTEA BIO, Bâtiment Cyborg 1 (IRMB), Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Alan Cookson
- MedXCell SA, Av. des Planches 20C, 1820 Montreux, Suisse
| | - Joël Chopineau
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Martin Villalba
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Marie Morille
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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23
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Mutukuri TT, Darwish A, Strongrich AD, Peroulis D, Alexeenko A, Zhou QT. Radio Frequency - Assisted Ultrasonic Spray Freeze Drying for Pharmaceutical Protein Solids. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:40-50. [PMID: 36181875 PMCID: PMC9772299 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examined physical stability of spray freeze dried (SFD) bovine serum albumin (BSA) solids produced using the radio frequency (RF)-assisted drying technique. BSA formulations were prepared with varying concentrations of trehalose and mannitol, using an excipient-free formulation as control. These formulations were produced using either traditional ultrasonic spray freeze drying (SFD) or RF-assisted ultrasonic spray freeze drying (RFSFD). The dried formulations were then characterized using Karl Fischer moisture content measurement, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and solid-state hydrogen/deuterium exchange with mass spectrometry (ssHDX-MS). Moisture content did not have a good correlation with the physical stability of the formulations measured by SEC. ssHDX-MS metrics such as deconvoluted peak areas of the deuterated samples showed a satisfactory correlation (R2 = 0.914) with the SEC stability data. RFSFD improved the stability of formulations with 20 mg/ml of trehalose and no mannitol, and had similar stability with all other formulations as compared to SFD. This study demonstrated that RFSFD technique can significantly reduce the duration of primary drying cycle from 48.0 h to 27.5 h while maintaining or improving protein physical stability as compared to traditional lyophilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Tejasvi Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Ahmad Darwish
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Andrew David Strongrich
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Dimitrios Peroulis
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Alina Alexeenko
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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24
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Gelb M, Messina KMM, Vinciguerra D, Ko JH, Collins J, Tamboline M, Xu S, Ibarrondo FJ, Maynard HD. Poly(trehalose methacrylate) as an Excipient for Insulin Stabilization: Mechanism and Safety. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:37410-37423. [PMID: 35968684 PMCID: PMC9412841 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin, the oldest U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved recombinant protein and a World Health Organization (WHO) essential medicine for treating diabetes globally, faces challenges due to its storage instability. One approach to stabilize insulin is the addition of poly(trehalose methacrylate) (pTrMA) as an excipient. The polymer increases the stability of the peptide to heat and mechanical agitation and has a low viscosity suitable for injection and pumps. However, the safety and stabilizing mechanism of pTrMA is not yet known and is required to understand the potential suitability of pTrMA as an insulin excipient. Herein is reported the immune response, biodistribution, and insulin plasma lifetime in mice, as well as investigation into insulin stabilization. pTrMA alone or formulated with ovalbumin did not elicit an antibody response over 3 weeks in mice, and there was no observable cytokine production in response to pTrMA. Micropositron emission tomography/microcomputer tomography of 64Cu-labeled pTrMA showed excretion of 78-79% ID/cc within 24 h and minimal liver accumulation at 6-8% ID/cc when studied out to 120 h. Further, the plasma lifetime of insulin in mice was not altered by added pTrMA. Formulating insulin with 2 mol equiv of pTrMA improved the stability of insulin to standard storage conditions: 46 weeks at 4 °C yielded 87.0% intact insulin with pTrMA present as compared to 7.8% intact insulin without the polymer. The mechanism by which pTrMA-stabilized insulin was revealed to be a combination of inhibiting deamidation of amino acid residues and preventing fibrillation, followed by aggregation of inactive and immunogenic amyloids all without complexing insulin into its hexameric state, which could delay the onset of insulin activity. Based on the data reported here, we suggest that pTrMA stabilizes insulin as an excipient without adverse effects in vivo and is promising to investigate further for the safe formulation of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline
B. Gelb
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Kathryn M. M. Messina
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Daniele Vinciguerra
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jeong Hoon Ko
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jeffrey Collins
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine,
University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1735, United States
| | - Mikayla Tamboline
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine,
University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1735, United States
| | - Shili Xu
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine,
University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1735, United States
| | - F. Javier Ibarrondo
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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25
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Ko JH, Forsythe NL, Gelb MB, Messina KMM, Lau UY, Bhattacharya A, Olafsen T, Lee JT, Kelly KA, Maynard HD. Safety and Biodistribution Profile of Poly(styrenyl acetal trehalose) and Its Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Conjugate. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3383-3395. [PMID: 35767465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(styrenyl acetal trehalose) (pSAT), composed of trehalose side chains linked to a polystyrene backbone via acetals, stabilizes a variety of proteins and enzymes against fluctuations in temperature. A promising application of pSAT is conjugation of the polymer to therapeutic proteins to reduce renal clearance. To explore this possibility, the safety of the polymer was first studied. Investigation of acute toxicity of pSAT in mice showed that there were no adverse effects of the polymer at a high (10 mg/kg) concentration. The immune response (antipolymer antibody and cytokine production) in mice was also studied. No significant antipolymer IgG was detected for pSAT, and only a transient and low level of IgM was elicited. pSAT was also safe in terms of cytokine response. The polymer was then conjugated to a granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), a therapeutic protein that is approved by the Federal Drug Administration, in order to study the biodistribution of a pSAT conjugate. A site-selective, two-step synthesis approach was developed for efficient conjugate preparation for the biodistribution study resulting in 90% conjugation efficiency. The organ distribution of GCSF-pSAT was measured by positron emission tomography and compared to controls GCSF and GCSF-poly(ethylene glycol), which confirmed that the trehalose polymer conjugate improved the in vivo half-life of the protein by reducing renal clearance. These findings suggest that trehalose styrenyl polymers are promising for use in therapeutic protein-polymer conjugates for reduced renal clearance of the biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil L Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Madeline B Gelb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kathryn M M Messina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Uland Y Lau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Arvind Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tove Olafsen
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jason T Lee
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Kathleen A Kelly
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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26
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Li D, Chen P, Dong Q, Liu B, Zhang W, Wei DQ, Guo B. Investigating the stabilisation of IFN-α2a by replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Model 2022; 28:232. [PMID: 35882698 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current biopharmaceutical drugs are mainly a class of peptides or proteins that play an essential role in the treatment of many diseases. Such peptides/proteins are usually thermally unstable and may lose their bioactivity when exposed to ambient conditions. Therefore, they are not suitable for long-term storage. Lyophilisation is the most common method to prolong shelf life of solid peptide/protein drugs; however, the freeze-drying process can lead to irreversible damage. In the present study, human interferon-alpha 2a (IFN-α2a) was selected as a model protein drug; four disaccharides (β-lactose, β-maltose, sucrose, and trehalose) were selected as bioactive protectants. We investigated the effects of different protectants on IFN-α2a under various ambient conditions (vacuum, dry state, and aqueous solution) using replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation. The protective effect of β-maltose on IFN-α2a was the highest in aqueous solution and dry state, β-lactose showed a poor protective effect in all three conditions, the performance of sucrose was good in all conditions, and trehalose showed a better protective effect under vacuum conditions and in aqueous solution. Disaccharides form H-bonds with water, thereby preventing water from the tertiary structure of proteins. Trehalose forms strong H-bonds with water which explains its extraordinary stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daixi Li
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 20093, China.
| | - Peiqin Chen
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 20093, China
| | - Qingli Dong
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 20093, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 20093, China
| | - Wujie Zhang
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, WI, 53202, USA
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai-Islamabad-Belgrade Joint Innovation Center On Antibacterial Resistances, Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Ministry of Education and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baisong Guo
- Injection Laboratory, Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201108, China
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27
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Babu Sait MR, Koliwer-Brandl H, Stewart JA, Swarts BM, Jacobsen M, Ioerger TR, Kalscheuer R. PPE51 mediates uptake of trehalose across the mycomembrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2097. [PMID: 35136132 PMCID: PMC8826857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The disaccharide trehalose is essential for viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which synthesizes trehalose de novo but can also utilize exogenous trehalose. The mycobacterial cell wall encompasses two permeability barriers, the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer mycolic acid-containing mycomembrane. The ABC transporter LpqY-SugA-SugB-SugC has previously been demonstrated to mediate the specific uptake of trehalose across the cytoplasmic membrane. However, it is still unclear how the transport of trehalose molecules across the mycomembrane is mediated. In this study, we harnessed the antimycobacterial activity of the analogue 6-azido trehalose to select for spontaneous resistant M. tuberculosis mutants in a merodiploid strain harbouring two LpqY-SugA-SugB-SugC copies. Mutations mediating resistance to 6-azido trehalose mapped to the proline-proline-glutamate (PPE) family member PPE51 (Rv3136), which has recently been shown to be an integral mycomembrane protein involved in uptake of low-molecular weight compounds. A site-specific ppe51 gene deletion mutant of M. tuberculosis was unable to grow on trehalose as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, bioorthogonal labelling of the M. tuberculosis Δppe51 mutant incubated with 6-azido trehalose corroborated the impaired internalization. Taken together, the results indicate that the transport of trehalose and trehalose analogues across the mycomembrane of M. tuberculosis is exclusively mediated by PPE51.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rizwan Babu Sait
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik Koliwer-Brandl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica A Stewart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Benjamin M Swarts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Marc Jacobsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas R Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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28
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Olgenblum GI, Wien F, Sapir L, Harries D. β-Hairpin Miniprotein Stabilization in Trehalose Glass Is Facilitated by an Emergent Compact Non-Native State. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7659-7664. [PMID: 34351767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
From stem cell freeze-drying to organ storage, considerable recent efforts have been directed toward the development of new preservation technologies. A prominent protein stabilizing strategy involves vitrification in glassy matrices, most notably those formed of sugars such as the biologically relevant preservative trehalose. Here, we compare the folding thermodynamics of a model miniprotein in solution and in the glassy state of the sugars trehalose and glucose. Using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD), we find that the same native structure persists in solution and glass. However, upon transition to the glass, a completely different, conformationally restricted unfolded state replaces the disordered denatured state found in solution, potentially inhibiting misfolding. Concomitantly, a large exothermic contribution is observed in glass, exposing the stabilizing effect of interactions with the sugar matrix on the native state. Our results shed light on the mechanism of protein stabilization in sugar glass and should aid in future preservation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil I Olgenblum
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Frank Wien
- DISCO Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Liel Sapir
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Daniel Harries
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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29
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Banahene N, Swarts BM. Metabolic Labeling of Live Mycobacteria with Trehalose-Based Probes. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2314:385-398. [PMID: 34235664 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1460-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The mycobacterial cell envelope includes a unique outer membrane, also known as the mycomembrane, which is the major defense barrier that confers intrinsic drug tolerance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and related bacteria. The mycomembrane is typified by long-chain mycolic acids that are esterified to various acceptors, including: (1) trehalose, forming trehalose mono- and di-mycolate; (2) arabinogalactan, forming arabinogalactan-linked mycolates; and (3) in some species, protein serine residues, forming O-mycoloylated proteins. Synthetic trehalose and trehalose monomycolate analogs have been shown to specifically and metabolically incorporate into mycomembrane components, facilitating their analysis in native contexts and opening new avenues for the specific detection and therapeutic targeting of mycobacterial pathogens in complex settings. This chapter highlights trehalose-based probes that have been developed to date, briefly discusses their applications, and describes protocols for their use in mycobacteria research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Banahene
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin M Swarts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.
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30
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Organick L, Nguyen BH, McAmis R, Chen WD, Kohll AX, Ang SD, Grass RN, Ceze L, Strauss K. An Empirical Comparison of Preservation Methods for Synthetic DNA Data Storage. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2001094. [PMID: 34928102 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic DNA has recently risen as a viable alternative for long-term digital data storage. To ensure that information is safely recovered after storage, it is essential to appropriately preserve the physical DNA molecules encoding the data. While preservation of biological DNA has been studied previously, synthetic DNA differs in that it is typically much shorter in length, it has different sequence profiles with fewer, if any, repeats (or homopolymers), and it has different contaminants. In this paper, nine different methods used to preserve data files encoded in synthetic DNA are evaluated by accelerated aging of nearly 29 000 DNA sequences. In addition to a molecular count comparison, the DNA is also sequenced and analyzed after aging. These findings show that errors and erasures are stochastic and show no practical distribution difference between preservation methods. Finally, the physical density of these methods is compared and a stability versus density trade-offs discussion provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Organick
- University of Washington, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Bichlien H Nguyen
- University of Washington, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
| | - Rachel McAmis
- University of Washington, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Weida D Chen
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - A Xavier Kohll
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | | | - Robert N Grass
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Luis Ceze
- University of Washington, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Karin Strauss
- University of Washington, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
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31
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Mamedov MD, Milanovsky GE, Malferrari M, Vitukhnovskaya LA, Francia F, Semenov AY, Venturoli G. Trehalose matrix effects on electron transfer in Mn-depleted protein-pigment complexes of Photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2021; 1862:148413. [PMID: 33716033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of flash-induced re-reduction of the Photosystem II (PS II) primary electron donor P680 was studied in solution and in trehalose glassy matrices at different relative humidity. In solution, and in the re-dissolved glass, kinetics were dominated by two fast components with lifetimes in the range of 2-7 μs, which accounted for >85% of the decay. These components were ascribed to the direct electron transfer from the redox-active tyrosine YZ to P680+. The minor slower components were due to charge recombination between the primary plastoquinone acceptor QA- and P680+. Incorporation of the PS II complex into the trehalose glassy matrix and its successive dehydration caused a progressive increase in the lifetime of all kinetic phases, accompanied by an increase of the amplitudes of the slower phases at the expense of the faster phases. At 63% relative humidity the fast components contribution dropped to ~50%. A further dehydration of the trehalose glass did not change the lifetimes and contribution of the kinetic components. This effect was ascribed to the decrease of conformational mobility of the protein domain between YZ and P680, which resulted in the inhibition of YZ → P680+ electron transfer in about half of the PS II population, wherein the recombination between QA- and P680+ occurred. The data indicate that PS II binds a larger number of water molecules as compared to PS I complexes. We conclude that our data disprove the "water replacement" hypothesis of trehalose matrix biopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir D Mamedov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia
| | - Georgy E Milanovsky
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia
| | - Marco Malferrari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy
| | - Liya A Vitukhnovskaya
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia; N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Kosygina Street, 4, b.1, Russia
| | - Francesco Francia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia; N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Kosygina Street, 4, b.1, Russia.
| | - Giovanni Venturoli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia, CNISM, c/o Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", DIFA, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 46, Italy.
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Giuffrida S, Cupane A, Cottone G. "Water Association" Band in Saccharide Amorphous Matrices: Role of Residual Water on Bioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2496. [PMID: 33801421 PMCID: PMC7958616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharides protect biostructures against adverse environmental conditions mainly by preventing large scale motions leading to unfolding. The efficiency of this molecular mechanism, which is higher in trehalose with respect to other sugars, strongly depends on hydration and sugar/protein ratio. Here we report an Infrared Spectroscopy study on dry amorphous matrices of the disaccharides trehalose, maltose, sucrose and lactose, and the trisaccharide raffinose. Samples with and without embedded protein (Myoglobin) are investigated at different sugar/protein ratios, and compared. To inspect matrix properties we analyse the Water Association Band (WAB), and carefully decompose it into sub-bands, since their relative population has been shown to effectively probe water structure and dynamics in different matrices. In this work the analysis is extended to investigate the structure of protein-sugar-water samples, for the first time. Results show that several classes of water molecules can be identified in the protein and sugar environment and that their relative population is dependent on the type of sugar and, most important, on the sugar/protein ratio. This gives relevant information on how the molecular interplay between residual waters, sugar and protein molecules affect the biopreserving properties of saccharides matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Giuffrida
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-06-5024-4070 (S.G.); +39-091-238-91713 (G.C.)
| | | | - Grazia Cottone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segrè, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 17-18, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
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Wang X, Zhong Z, Chen X, Hong Z, Lin W, Mu X, Hu X, Zheng H. High-Fat Diets with Differential Fatty Acids Induce Obesity and Perturb Gut Microbiota in Honey Bee. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020834. [PMID: 33467664 PMCID: PMC7830725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HFD (high-fat diet) induces obesity and metabolic disorders, which is associated with the alteration in gut microbiota profiles. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the processes are poorly understood. In this study, we used the simple model organism honey bee to explore how different amounts and types of dietary fats affect the host metabolism and the gut microbiota. Excess dietary fat, especially palm oil, elicited higher weight gain, lower survival rates, hyperglycemic, and fat accumulation in honey bees. However, microbiota-free honey bees reared on high-fat diets did not significantly change their phenotypes. Different fatty acid compositions in palm and soybean oil altered the lipid profiles of the honey bee body. Remarkably, dietary fats regulated lipid metabolism and immune-related gene expression at the transcriptional level. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that biological processes, including transcription factors, insulin secretion, and Toll and Imd signaling pathways, were significantly different in the gut of bees on different dietary fats. Moreover, a high-fat diet increased the relative abundance of Gilliamella, while the level of Bartonella was significantly decreased in palm oil groups. This study establishes a novel honey bee model of studying the crosstalk between dietary fat, gut microbiota, and host metabolism.
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Doerr FJS, Burns LJ, Lee B, Hinds J, Davis-Harrison RL, Frank SA, Florence AJ. Peptide Isolation via Spray Drying: Particle Formation, Process Design and Implementation for the Production of Spray Dried Glucagon. Pharm Res 2020; 37:255. [PMID: 33319329 PMCID: PMC7736029 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spray drying plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industry for product development of sensitive bio-pharmaceutical formulations. Process design, implementation and optimisation require in-depth knowledge of process-product interactions. Here, an integrated approach for the rapid, early-stage spray drying process development of trehalose and glucagon on lab-scale is presented. METHODS Single droplet drying experiments were used to investigate the particle formation process. Process implementation was supported using in-line process analytical technology within a data acquisition framework recording temperature, humidity, pressure and feed rate. During process implementation, off-line product characterisation provided additional information on key product properties related to residual moisture, solid state structure, particle size/morphology and peptide fibrillation/degradation. RESULTS A psychrometric process model allowed the identification of feasible operating conditions for spray drying trehalose, achieving high yields of up to 84.67%, and significantly reduced levels of residual moisture and particle agglomeration compared to product obtained during non-optimal drying. The process was further translated to produce powders of glucagon and glucagon-trehalose formulations with yields of >83.24%. Extensive peptide aggregation or degradation was not observed. CONCLUSIONS The presented data-driven process development concept can be applied to address future isolation problems on lab-scale and facilitate a systematic implementation of spray drying for the manufacturing of sensitive bio-pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik J S Doerr
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Lee J Burns
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46221, USA
| | - Becky Lee
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories PSS, Indianapolis, IN, 46221, USA
| | - Jeremy Hinds
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46221, USA
| | | | - Scott A Frank
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46221, USA
| | - Alastair J Florence
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
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Paul MJ, Watson A, Griffiths CA. Trehalose 6-phosphate signalling and impact on crop yield. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:2127-2137. [PMID: 33005918 PMCID: PMC7609034 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The domestication and breeding of crops has been a major achievement for mankind enabling the development of stable societies and civilisation. Crops have become more productive per unit area of cultivated land over the course of domestication supporting a current global population of 7.8 billion. Food security crops such as wheat and maize have seen large changes compared with early progenitors. Amongst processes that have been altered in these crops, is the allocation of carbon resources to support larger grain yield (grain number and size). In wheat, reduction in stem height has enabled diversion of resources from stems to ears. This has freed up carbon to support greater grain yield. Green revolution genes responsible for reductions in stem height are known, but a unifying mechanism for the active regulation of carbon resource allocation towards and within sinks has however been lacking. The trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) signalling system has emerged as a mechanism of resource allocation and has been implicated in several crop traits including assimilate partitioning and improvement of yield in different environments. Understanding the mode of action of T6P through the SnRK1 protein kinase regulatory system is providing a basis for a unifying mechanism controlling whole-plant resource allocation and source-sink interactions in crops. Latest results show it is likely that the T6P/SnRK1 pathway can be harnessed for further improvements such as grain number and grain filling traits and abiotic stress resilience through targeted gene editing, breeding and chemical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Paul
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Amy Watson
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Cara A. Griffiths
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
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Abstract
Trehalose is a disaccharide and fasting-mimetic that has been both canonized and vilified for its putative cardiometabolic and microbial effects. Trehalose analogues are currently under development to extend the key metabolic therapeutic actions of trehalose without adversely affecting host microbial communities. In the current study, we contrast the extent to which trehalose and its degradation-resistant analogue, lactotrehalose (LT), modulate microbial communities and host transcriptomic profiles. We demonstrate that trehalose and LT each exert adaptive metabolic and microbial effects that both overlap and diverge. We postulate that these effects depend both upon compound stability and bioavailability, and on stereospecific signal transduction. In context, the data suggest that trehalose is unlikely to be harmful, and yet it harbors unique effects that are not yet fully replicated by its analogues. These compounds are thus valuable probes to better define trehalose structure-function, and to offer as therapeutic metabolic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian J. DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Rasheed OK, Ettenger G, Buhl C, Child R, Miller SM, Evans JT, Ryter KT. 6,6'-Aryl trehalose analogs as potential Mincle ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115564. [PMID: 32616186 PMCID: PMC7372699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
6,6'-Aryl trehalose derivatives have been synthesized with a view towards identifying novel Th-17-inducing vaccine adjuvants based on the high affinity Mincle ligand Brartemicin. The initial structure-activity relationships of these novel trehalose-based compounds were investigated. All compounds have been evaluated for their ability to engage the Mincle receptor and induce a potential pro-Th17 cytokine profile from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells based on IL-6 production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The preliminary biological characterization of the designed analogs presented in this paper should aid in the future design and testing of more affine ligands that may foster the discovery of novel adjuvants with improved pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer K Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - George Ettenger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Cassandra Buhl
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Robert Child
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Shannon M Miller
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Jay T Evans
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Kendal T Ryter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States; Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, United States.
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Chen S, Wu L, Ren J, Bemmer V, Zajicek R, Chen R. Comb-like Pseudopeptides Enable Very Rapid and Efficient Intracellular Trehalose Delivery for Enhanced Cryopreservation of Erythrocytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:28941-28951. [PMID: 32496048 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cell cryopreservation plays a key role in the development of reproducible and cost-effective cell-based therapies. Trehalose accumulated in freezing- and desiccation-tolerant organisms in nature has been sought as an attractive nontoxic cryoprotectant. Herein, we report a coincubation method for very rapid and efficient delivery of membrane-impermeable trehalose into ovine erythrocytes through reversible membrane permeabilization using pH-responsive, comb-like pseudopeptides. The pseudopeptidic polymers containing relatively long alkyl side chains were synthesized to mimic membrane-anchoring fusogenic proteins. The intracellular trehalose delivery efficiency was optimized by manipulating the side chain length, degree of substitution, and concentration of the pseudopeptides with different hydrophobic alkyl side chains, the pH, temperature, and time of incubation, as well as the polymer-to-cell ratio and the concentration of extracellular trehalose. Treatment of erythrocytes with the comb-like pseudopeptides for only 15 min yielded an intracellular trehalose concentration of 177.9 ± 8.6 mM, which resulted in 90.3 ± 0.7% survival after freeze-thaw. The very rapid and efficient delivery was found to be attributed to the reversible, pronounced membrane curvature change as a result of strong membrane insertion of the comb-like pseudopeptides. The pseudopeptides can enable efficient intracellular delivery of not only trehalose for improved cell cryopreservation but also other membrane-impermeable cargos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Victoria Bemmer
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Richard Zajicek
- Cell & Gene Therapy Platform CMC, Platform Technology & Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline plc R&D, Gunnels Wood, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Brogna R, Oldenhof H, Sieme H, Figueiredo C, Kerrinnes T, Wolkers WF. Increasing storage stability of freeze-dried plasma using trehalose. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234502. [PMID: 32525915 PMCID: PMC7289390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preservation of blood plasma in the dried state would facilitate long-term storage and transport at ambient temperatures, without the need of to use liquid nitrogen tanks or freezers. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of dry preservation of human plasma, using sugars as lyoprotectants, and evaluate macromolecular stability of plasma components during storage. Blood plasma from healthy donors was freeze dried using 0-10% glucose, sucrose, or trehalose, and stored at various temperatures. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the glass transition temperatures of freeze-dried samples. Protein aggregation, the overall protein secondary structure, and oxidative damage were studied under different storage conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that plasma freeze-dried with glucose, sucrose and trehalose have glass transition temperatures of respectively 72±3.4°C, 46±11°C, 15±2.4°C. It was found that sugars diminish freeze-drying induced protein aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, and that a 10% (w/v) sugar concentration almost entirely prevents protein aggregation. Protein aggregation after rehydration coincided with relatively high contents of β-sheet structures in the dried state. Trehalose reduced the rate of protein aggregation during storage at elevated temperatures, and plasma that is freeze- dried plasma with trehalose showed a reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and protein oxidation products during storage. In conclusion, freeze-drying plasma with trehalose provides an attractive alternative to traditional cryogenic preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Brogna
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Biostabilization laboratory—Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harriëtte Oldenhof
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Sieme
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Willem F. Wolkers
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Biostabilization laboratory—Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The effect of heat and equivalent thermal effect ( [Formula: see text] ) on discolouration of Spirulina algae extracts in water, sucrose and trehalose solutions at different concentration was investigated and kinetics of phycocyanin degradation evaluated by spectrophotometric and circular dichroism. At constant temperature, colour loss increased at increasing time and decreased at increasing solute concentration. Circular dichroism confirmed relation between colour loss and protein structure destabilization, and the thermostabilising effect of saccharides with sucrose performing better than trehalose. Apparent constant rate values determined by the Weibullian probabilistic model describe the corresponding phycocyanin degradation kinetics; a linear correlation between the activation energy and aw of the solutions has been found. Origin of phycocyanin and system saccharide concentration resulted significant discriminant factors on the discolouration when [Formula: see text] was taken into account. Results may find application in product formulation and processing optimisation, thereby the use of Spirulina extracts as colouring foodstuff could be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faieta
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - L Neri
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - G Sacchetti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - A Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - P Pittia
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Chen CM, Lin CH, Wu YR, Yen CY, Huang YT, Lin JL, Lin CY, Chen WL, Chao CY, Lee-Chen GJ, Su MT, Chang KH. Lactulose and Melibiose Inhibit α-Synuclein Aggregation and Up-Regulate Autophagy to Reduce Neuronal Vulnerability. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051230. [PMID: 32429337 PMCID: PMC7290909 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective dopaminergic (DAergic) neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN) and proteinaceous α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis. As a chemical chaperone to promote protein stability and an autophagy inducer to clear aggregate-prone proteins, a disaccharide trehalose has been reported to alleviate neurodegeneration in PD cells and mouse models. Its trehalase-indigestible analogs, lactulose and melibiose, also demonstrated potentials to reduce abnormal protein aggregation in spinocerebellar ataxia cell models. In this study, we showed the potential of lactulose and melibiose to inhibit α-synuclein aggregation using biochemical thioflavin T fluorescence, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and prokaryotic split Venus complementation assays. Lactulose and melibiose further reduced α-synuclein aggregation and associated oxidative stress, as well as protected cells against α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity by up-regulating autophagy and nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NRF2) pathway in DAergic neurons derived from SH-SY5Y cells over-expressing α-synuclein. Our findings strongly indicate the potential of lactulose and melibiose for mitigating PD neurodegeneration, offering new drug candidates for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Hsin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chien-Yu Yen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Taipei First Girls High School, Taipei 10045, Taiwan; (Y.-T.H.); (J.-L.L.)
| | - Jia-Lan Lin
- Taipei First Girls High School, Taipei 10045, Taiwan; (Y.-T.H.); (J.-L.L.)
| | - Chung-Yin Lin
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Ying Chao
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (G.-J.L.-C.); (M.-T.S.); (K.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77346359 (G.-J.L.-C.); +886-2-77346244 (M.-T.S.); +886-3-3281200-8421 (K.-H.C.)
| | - Ming-Tsan Su
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (G.-J.L.-C.); (M.-T.S.); (K.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77346359 (G.-J.L.-C.); +886-2-77346244 (M.-T.S.); +886-3-3281200-8421 (K.-H.C.)
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.M.C.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-R.W.); (W.-L.C.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.-J.L.-C.); (M.-T.S.); (K.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77346359 (G.-J.L.-C.); +886-2-77346244 (M.-T.S.); +886-3-3281200-8421 (K.-H.C.)
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Zhu L, Shen B, Song Z, Jiang L. Permeabilized TreS-Expressing Bacillus subtilis Cells Decorated with Glucose Isomerase and a Shell of ZIF-8 as a Reusable Biocatalyst for the Coproduction of Trehalose and Fructose. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:4464-4472. [PMID: 32193930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous materials with versatile properties. In this study, ZIF-8 was employed to establish a two-enzyme system by encapsulating permeabilized Bacillus subtilis cells coated with glucose isomerase. B. subtilis was constructed by introducing the shuttle plasmid PMA5 associated with the overexpression of trehalose synthase. Using this two-enzyme system, trehalose was produced by trehalose synthase and the byproduct glucose was converted to fructose with the help of glucose isomerase. The decrease in glucose production not only relieved the inhibition of the entire reaction chain but also increased the final yield of trehalose. The highest trehalose production rate reached 67.7% and remained above 50% after 20 batches. In addition, the toxicity of the ZIF-8 coating for B. subtilis was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and was found to be negligible. By simulating an extreme environment, the ZIF-8 coating was demonstrated to have a protective effect on the cells and enzymes. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of MOFs in the immobilization of microorganisms and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhu
- College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Shen
- College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Song
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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43
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Kumar A, Cincotti A, Aparicio S. A Theoretical Study on Trehalose + Water Mixtures for Dry Preservation Purposes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061435. [PMID: 32245231 PMCID: PMC7145318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of trehalose + water mixtures are studied as a function of mixture composition and temperature using molecular dynamics simulations. As trehalose disaccharide has been proposed for dry preservation purposes, the objective of this work is to analyse the nanoscopic properties of the considered mixtures, in terms of aggregation, clustering, interactions energies, and local dynamics, and their relationships with hydrogen bonding. The reported results allow a detailed characterization of hydrogen bonding and its evolution with mixture composition and thus inferring the effects of trehalose on water structuring providing results to justify the mechanisms of trehalose acting as preservation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Alberto Cincotti
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Santiago Aparicio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Correspondence:
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44
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Pomeisl K, Richter J, Golan M, Kratochvílová I. Simple Syntheses of New Pegylated Trehalose Derivatives as a Chemical Tool for Potential Evaluation of Cryoprotectant Effects on Cell Membrane. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030497. [PMID: 31979348 PMCID: PMC7038055 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In our work, we developed the synthesis of new polyfunctional pegylated trehalose derivatives and evaluated their cryoprotective effect using flow cytometry. We showed that new compounds (modified trehaloses) bound to appropriate extracellular polymeric cryoprotectants could be helpful as a chemical tool for the evaluation of their potential toxic cell membrane influences. Our aim was to form a chemical tool for the evaluation of cryoprotectant cell membrane influences, which are still not easily predicted during the freezing/thawing process. We combined two basic cryoprotectants: polyethyleneglycols (PEGs) and trehalose in the new chemical compounds—pegylated trehalose hybrids. If PEG and trehalose are chemically bound and trehalose is adsorbed on the cell surface PEGs molecules which are, due to the chemical bonding with trehalose, close to the cell surface, can remove the cell surface hydration layer which destabilizes the cell membrane. This was confirmed by the comparison of new material, PEG, trehalose, and their mixture cryoprotective capabilities.
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45
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Snell JR, Kumar NSK, Suryanarayanan R, Randolph TW. Nanobubbles in Reconstituted Lyophilized Formulations: Interaction With Proteins and Mechanism of Formation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:284-292. [PMID: 31095959 PMCID: PMC6851470 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitution of lyophilized disaccharide formulations results in the formation of nanosized air bubbles that persist in suspension for weeks. If proteins are present, interactions with nanobubbles may cause loss of monomeric protein and formation of subvisible particles. The goals of this work are to determine the mechanism(s) by which nanobubbles form in reconstituted lyophilized formulations and to develop strategies for reducing nanobubble generation. We hypothesize that nanobubbles are created from nanosized gas pockets within lyophilized solids, which become bubbles when the surrounding matrix is dissolved away during reconstitution. Nanosized voids may originate from small ice crystals formed within the concentrated liquid during freezing that subsequently sublime during drying. Nanobubble concentrations are correlated with the extent of mannitol crystallization during freezing. Nanosized ice crystals, induced by the release of water during mannitol crystallization, were responsible for nanobubble formation. The presence of trehalose or sucrose, in formulations with low mannitol concentrations, inhibited excipient crystallization during lyophilization and reduced nanobubble levels following reconstitution. Our results show a correlation between nanobubble formation and concentrations of insoluble IL-1ra aggregates, suggesting that minimizing nanobubble generation may be an effective strategy for reducing protein aggregation following reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared R Snell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - N S Krishna Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Raj Suryanarayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309.
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46
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Stewart S, Jiang B, Ou W, Zhao G, He X. Cold-Responsive Nanoparticle Enables Intracellular Delivery and Rapid Release of Trehalose for Organic-Solvent-Free Cryopreservation. Nano Lett 2019; 19:9051-9061. [PMID: 31680526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cryopreservation of mammalian cells requires the use of toxic organic solvents (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide) as cryoprotectants. Consequently, the cryopreserved cells must undergo a tedious washing procedure to remove the organic solvents for their further applications in cell-based medicine, and many of the precious cells may be lost or killed during the procedure. Trehalose has been explored as a nontoxic alternative to traditional cryoprotectants. However, mammalian cells do not synthesize trehalose or express trehalose transporters in their membranes, and the lack of an approach for the efficient intracellular delivery of trehalose has been a major hurdle for its use in cell cryopreservation. In this study, a cold-responsive polymer (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl acrylate)) is utilized to synthesize nanoparticles for the encapsulation and intracellular delivery of trehalose. The trehalose-laden nanoparticles can be efficiently taken up by mammalian cells. The nanoparticles quickly and irreversibly disassemble upon cold treatment, enabling the controlled and rapid release of trehalose from the nanoparticles inside cells. The latter is confirmed by an evident increase in cell volume upon cold treatment. This rapid cold-triggered intracellular release of trehalose is crucial to developing a fast protocol to cryopreserve cells using trehalose. Cells with intracellular trehalose delivered using the nanoparticles show comparable postcryopreservation viability compared to that of cells treated with DMSO, eliminating the need for the tedious and cell-damaging washing procedure required for using the DMSO-cryopreserved cells in vivo. This cold-responsive nanoparticle may greatly facilitate the use of trehalose as a nontoxic cryoprotectant for banking cells and tissues to meet their high demand by modern cell-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | | | | | | | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
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47
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Mah PT, O'Connell P, Focaroli S, Lundy R, O'Mahony TF, Hastedt JE, Gitlin I, Oscarson S, Fahy JV, Healy AM. The use of hydrophobic amino acids in protecting spray dried trehalose formulations against moisture-induced changes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 144:139-153. [PMID: 31536784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose is commonly used as a protein stabilizer in spray dried protein formulations delivered via the pulmonary route. Spray dried trehalose formulations are highly hygroscopic, which makes them prone to deliquescence and recrystallization when exposed to moisture, leading to impairment in aerosolization performance. The main aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of hydrophobic amino acids (i.e. L-leucine and L-isoleucine) in enhancing aerosolization performance and in mitigating moisture-induced changes in spray dried trehalose formulations. Trehalose was spray dried with 20-60% w/w of amino acid (i.e. L-leucine or L-isoleucine). The spray dried formulations were stored at 25 °C/50% RH for 28 days. Solid state characterization and in vitro aerosolization performance studies were performed on the spray dried formulations before and after storage. The addition of 20-60% w/w of amino acid (i.e. L-leucine or L-isoleucine) improved the emitted fractions of spray dried trehalose formulations from a dry powder inhaler. However, ≥ 40% w/w of L-leucine/L-isoleucine was needed to prevent recrystallization of trehalose in the formulations when exposed to 25 °C/50% RH for 28 days. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that samples with 40-60% w/w L-isoleucine had more amino acid on the surfaces of the particles compared to their L-leucine counterparts. This may explain the greater ability of the L-isoleucine (40-60% w/w) samples to cope with elevated humidity compared to L-leucine samples of the same concentrations, as observed in the dynamic vapour sorption (DVS) studies. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that both L-leucine and L-isoleucine were effective in enhancing aerosolization performance and mitigating moisture-induced reduction in aerosolization performance in spray dried trehalose formulations. L-isoleucine proved to be superior to L-leucine in terms of its moisture protectant effect when incorporated at the same concentration in the formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei T Mah
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter O'Connell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefano Focaroli
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross Lundy
- Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom F O'Mahony
- Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Irina Gitlin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - John V Fahy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland.
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48
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Ren H, Zentek J, Vahjen W. Optimization of Production Parameters for Probiotic Lactobacillus Strains as Feed Additive. Molecules 2019; 24:E3286. [PMID: 31505895 PMCID: PMC6767249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal nutrition, probiotics are considered as desirable alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. The beneficial effects of probiotics primarily depend on their viability in feed, which demands technical optimization of biomass production, since processing and storage capacities are often strain-specific. In this study, we optimized the production parameters for two broiler-derived probiotic lactobacilli (L. salivarius and L. agilis). Carbohydrate utilization of both strains was determined and preferred substrates that boosted biomass production in lab-scale fermentations were selected. The strains showed good aerobic tolerance, which resulted in easier scale-up production. For the freeze-drying process, the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the composition of cryoprotective media. A quadratic polynomial model was built to study three protective factors (skim milk, sucrose, and trehalose) and to predict the optimal working conditions for maximum viability. The optimal combination of protectants was 0.14g/mL skim milk/ 0.08 g/mL sucrose/ 0.09 g/mL trehalose (L. salivarius) and 0.15g/mL skim milk/ 0.08 g/mL sucrose/ 0.07 g/mL (L. agilis), respectively. Furthermore, the in-feed stabilities of the probiotic strains were evaluated under different conditions. Our results indicate that the chosen protectants exerted an extensive protection on strains during the storage. Although only storage of the strains at 4 °C retained the maximum stability of both Lactobacillus strains, the employed protectant matrix showed promising results at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilfried Vahjen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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49
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Carrigy NB, Liang L, Wang H, Kariuki S, Nagel TE, Connerton IF, Vehring R. Spray-dried anti-Campylobacter bacteriophage CP30A powder suitable for global distribution without cold chain infrastructure. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118601. [PMID: 31394183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illness globally. In this study, a spray drying and packaging process was developed to produce a thermally-stable dry powder containing bacteriophages that retains biological activity against C. jejuni after long distance shipping at ambient temperature. Spray drying using a twin-fluid atomizer resulted in significantly less (p < 0.05) titer reduction than spray drying using a vibrating mesh nebulizer. The use of centrifugation and dilution of filtered bacteriophage lysate in the formulation step resulted in a significantly greater (p < 0.05) proportion of bacteriophages remaining active relative to use of no centrifugation and dilution. The spray-dried bacteriophage powder generated using leucine and trehalose as excipients was flowable, non-cohesive, and exhibited a high manufacturing yield. The powder retained its titer with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in biological activity after storage in suitable packaging for at least 3 weeks at room temperature and after ambient temperature shipping a total distance of approximately 19,800 km, including with a 38 °C temperature excursion. The bacteriophage powder therefore appears suitable for global distribution without the need for cold chain infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lu Liang
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Samuel Kariuki
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Ian F Connerton
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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50
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Assegehegn G, Brito-de la Fuente E, Franco JM, Gallegos C. An Experimental-Based Approach to Construct the Process Design Space of a Freeze-Drying Process: An Effective Tool to Design an Optimum and Robust Freeze-Drying Process for Pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:785-796. [PMID: 31288035 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The application of quality by design (QbD) is becoming an integral part of the formulation and process development for pharmaceutical products. An essential feature of the QbD philosophy is the design space. In this sense, a new approach to construct a process design space (PDS) for the primary drying section of a freeze-drying process is addressed in this paper. An effective customized design of experiments (DoE) is developed for freeze-drying experiments. The results obtained from the DoE are then used to construct the product-based PDS. The proposed product-based PDS construction approach has several advantages, including (1) eliminating assumptions on the heat transfer coefficient and dried product resistance, as it is constructed from experimental results specifically obtained from a given formulation, yielding more realistic and reliable results and (2) PDS construction based on a narrow range of product temperatures and considering the variations in product temperature and sublimation rate of vials across a shelf. This guarantees the effectiveness and robustness of the process and facilitates the process scale-up and transfer. The PDS developed herein was experimentally verified. The PDS predicted parameters were in excellent agreement with the experimentally obtained parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Assegehegn
- Fresenius-Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Product and Process Engineering Center, Global Manufacturing Pharmaceuticals, Bad Homburg, Germany.
| | - Edmundo Brito-de la Fuente
- Fresenius-Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Product and Process Engineering Center, Global Manufacturing Pharmaceuticals, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | - José M Franco
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Pro2TecS-Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Centre, Complex Fluid Engineering Laboratory, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Críspulo Gallegos
- Fresenius-Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Product and Process Engineering Center, Global Manufacturing Pharmaceuticals, Bad Homburg, Germany
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