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Veettil SK, Wong TY, Loo YS, Playdon MC, Lai NM, Giovannucci EL, Chaiyakunapruk N. Role of Diet in Colorectal Cancer Incidence: Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Prospective Observational Studies. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2037341. [PMID: 33591366 PMCID: PMC7887658 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Several meta-analyses have summarized evidence for the association between dietary factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to date, there has been little synthesis of the strength, precision, and quality of this evidence in aggregate. OBJECTIVE To grade the evidence from published meta-analyses of prospective observational studies that assessed the association of dietary patterns, specific foods, food groups, beverages (including alcohol), macronutrients, and micronutrients with the incidence of CRC. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to September 2019. EVIDENCE REVIEW Only meta-analyses of prospective observational studies with a cohort study design were eligible. Evidence of association was graded according to established criteria as follows: convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant. RESULTS From 9954 publications, 222 full-text articles (2.2%) were evaluated for eligibility, and 45 meta-analyses (20.3%) that described 109 associations between dietary factors and CRC incidence were selected. Overall, 35 of the 109 associations (32.1%) were nominally statistically significant using random-effects meta-analysis models; 17 associations (15.6%) demonstrated large heterogeneity between studies (I2 > 50%), whereas small-study effects were found for 11 associations (10.1%). Excess significance bias was not detected for any association between diet and CRC. The primary analysis identified 5 (4.6%) convincing, 2 (1.8%) highly suggestive, 10 (9.2%) suggestive, and 18 (16.5%) weak associations between diet and CRC, while there was no evidence for 74 (67.9%) associations. There was convincing evidence of an association of intake of red meat (high vs low) and alcohol (≥4 drinks/d vs 0 or occasional drinks) with the incidence of CRC and an inverse association of higher vs lower intakes of dietary fiber, calcium, and yogurt with CRC risk. The evidence for convincing associations remained robust following sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This umbrella review found convincing evidence of an association between lower CRC risk and higher intakes of dietary fiber, dietary calcium, and yogurt and lower intakes of alcohol and red meat. More research is needed on specific foods for which evidence remains suggestive, including other dairy products, whole grains, processed meat, and specific dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajesh K. Veettil
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Tse Yee Wong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Shen Loo
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mary C. Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Nai Ming Lai
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Sarizadeh R, Dastoorpoor M, Goudarzi G, Simbar M. The Association Between Air Pollution and Low Birth Weight and Preterm Labor in Ahvaz, Iran. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:313-325. [PMID: 32440227 PMCID: PMC7211085 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s227049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pregnant women and fetuses are sensitive to air pollution due to physiological changes in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exposure to air pollution, low birth weight and preterm labor in Ahvaz. METHODS This research was a time-series study. The research sample consisted of all data about low birth weight and preterm labor pregnant women from Imam Khomeini Hospital and Razi Hospital in Ahvaz city. Air pollutant data including O3, NO, NO2, SO2, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 and climate data were collected from the Environmental Protection Agency and the Khuzestan Province during a 10-year period from 2008 to 2018. The generalized additive models (GAMs) with different air pollutant lags up to 6 days were used. RESULTS The results of multiple GAM model have shown that there is a direct and significant relationship between exposure to PM10 at 0-6-day lag, SO2 at 2- and 3-day lag and low birth weight. In addition, there was a direct and significant correlation between exposure to NO2, NO, CO and PM2.5 at 0-6-day lag and preterm labor. CONCLUSION The results indicate the effect of air pollutants on low birth weight and preterm labor. Therefore, pregnant women should be informed about the negative consequences of air pollution and avoid exposure to polluted air during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Sarizadeh
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpoor
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Simbar
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Falciani C, Zevolini F, Brunetti J, Riolo G, Gracia R, Marradi M, Loinaz I, Ziemann C, Cossío U, Llop J, Bracci L, Pini A. Antimicrobial Peptide-Loaded Nanoparticles as Inhalation Therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:1117-1128. [PMID: 32110011 PMCID: PMC7034994 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s218966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antibiotic-resistant bacteria kill 25,000 people every year in the EU. Patients subject to recurrent lung infections are the most vulnerable to severe or even lethal infections. For these patients, pulmonary delivery of antibiotics would be advantageous, since inhalation can achieve higher concentration in the lungs than iv administration and can provide a faster onset of action. This would allow for the delivery of higher doses and hence reduce the number of treatments required. We report here about a new nanosystem (M33-NS) obtained by capturing SET-M33 peptide on single-chain dextran nanoparticles. SET-M33 is a non-natural antimicrobial peptide synthesized in branched form. This form gives the peptide resistance to degradation in biological fluids. SET-M33 has previously shown efficacy in vitro against about one hundred of Gram-negative multidrug and extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates and was also active in preclinical infection models of pneumonia, sepsis and skin infections. METHODS The new nanosystem was evaluated for its efficacy in bacteria cells and in a mouse model of pneumonia. Toxicity and genotoxicity were also tested in vitro. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies in healthy rats were carried out using a radiolabeled derivative of the nanosystem. RESULTS The M33-nanosystem, studied here, showed to be effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in time-kill kinetic experiments. Cytotoxicity towards different animal cell lines was acceptable. Lung residence time of the antimicrobial peptide, administered via aerosol in healthy rats, was markedly improved by capturing SET-M33 on dextran nanoparticles. M33-NS was also efficient in eradicating pulmonary infection in a BALB/c mouse model of pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa. DISCUSSION This study revealed that the encapsulation of the antimicrobial peptide in dextran nanoparticles markedly improved lung residence time of the peptide administered via aerosol. The result has to be considered among the aims of the development of a new therapeutic option for patients suffering recurrent infections, that will benefit from high local doses of persistent antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Falciani
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Zevolini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jlenia Brunetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Raquel Gracia
- CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marco Marradi
- CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Iraida Loinaz
- CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Christina Ziemann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Enfermedades Respiratorias – CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Bracci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Guo X, Seo JE, Li X, Mei N. Genetic toxicity assessment using liver cell models: past, present, and future. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2019; 23:27-50. [PMID: 31746269 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1692744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic compounds may be detoxified to non-genotoxic metabolites while many pro-carcinogens require metabolic activation to exert their genotoxicity in vivo. Standard genotoxicity assays were developed and utilized for risk assessment for over 40 years. Most of these assays are conducted in metabolically incompetent rodent or human cell lines. Deficient in normal metabolism and relying on exogenous metabolic activation systems, the current in vitro genotoxicity assays often have yielded high false positive rates, which trigger unnecessary and costly in vivo studies. Metabolically active cells such as hepatocytes have been recognized as a promising cell model in predicting genotoxicity of carcinogens in vivo. In recent years, significant advances in tissue culture and biological technologies provided new opportunities for using hepatocytes in genetic toxicology. This review encompasses published studies (both in vitro and in vivo) using hepatocytes for genotoxicity assessment. Findings from both standard and newly developed genotoxicity assays are summarized. Various liver cell models used for genotoxicity assessment are described, including the potential application of advanced liver cell models such as 3D spheroids, organoids, and engineered hepatocytes. An integrated strategy, that includes the use of human-based cells with enhanced biological relevance and throughput, and applying the quantitative analysis of data, may provide an approach for future genotoxicity risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Guo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ji-Eun Seo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Xilin Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
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Kanjana K, Paisooksantivatana K, Matangkasombut P, Chevaisrakul P, Lumjiaktase P. Efficient short-term expansion of human peripheral blood regulatory T cells for co-culture suppression assay. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2019; 40:573-589. [PMID: 31460830 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2019.1659813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a small population of CD4+ lymphocytes and play a key role as suppressors of the immune system, a role that can be identified by employing a co-culture suppression assay. Conventional protocol requires a long period of in vitro expansion of Treg numbers; hence, this study describes an establishment of a co-culture suppression assay using a short-term expansion of peripheral blood (PB) Tregs and autologous T cells (Tconvs) IL-2-pre-cultured in parallel for the same length of time, thereby obviating the need of freeze/thawed autologous Tconvs. Tregs and Tconvs were isolated from PB mononuclear cells employing magnetic bead-aided depletion of CD8+ cells followed by cell sorting of CD4+ CD25high+CD127low- (Treg) and CD4+ CD25-CD127+ (Tconv) cell populations. Following a 3-day co-cultivation period under optimized conditions, Treg suppression activity was monitored by comparing using flow cytometry the number of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-labeled Tconvs to that of Treg-minus control. The assay allowed significant differentiation between Treg suppression activity of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and those in remission. This method should be more convenient and time-saving than the conventional Treg suppression assay in current use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korawit Kanjana
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Karan Paisooksantivatana
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ponpan Matangkasombut
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parawee Chevaisrakul
- Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Putthapoom Lumjiaktase
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tuttis K, da Costa DLMG, Nunes HL, Specian AFL, Serpeloni JM, Santos LCD, Varanda EA, Vilegas W, Martínez-Lopez W, de Syllos Cólus IM. Pouteria ramiflora (Mart.) Radlk. extract: Flavonoids quantification and chemopreventive effect on HepG2 cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:792-804. [PMID: 30001190 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1491911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pouteria ramiflora (Mart.) Radlk., popularly known as curriola, is commonly used in Brazil as medicinal plant to treat worm infections, dysentery, pain, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. At present the safety of this extract when used therapeutically in human remains to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine cytotoxicity, antiproliferative, and antimutagenic actions of this extract. The hydroalcoholic extract from P. ramiflora leaves consisted of flavonoids identified and quantified as myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (13.55 mg/g) and myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (9.61 mg/g). The extract exhibited cytotoxicity at concentrations higher than 1.5 µg/ml in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2)and 2.5 µg/ml in non-tumoral primary gastric (GAS) cells using the MTT assay, and at concentrations higher than 3 µg/ml in HepG2 and 3.5 µg/ml in GAS cells by the neutral red assay. The extract did not show antiproliferative effect as evidenced by the nuclear division index (NDI). However, in the presence of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (positive control), an enhanced cytostatic effect in the NDI and flow cytometry was noted. It is of interest that when the extract was co-incubated with BaP a significant decrease in DNA damage was observed indicating an antimutagenic action. This protective effect might be attributed to myricetin and gallic acid found in P. ramiflora extract. The low cytotoxicity action and protective effect observed in the present study encourage further studies regarding other biological effects of P. ramiflora, as well as its potential use as a chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska Tuttis
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Daryne Lu Maldonado Gomes da Costa
- b Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso - IFMT , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso , Brazil
- c Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Higor Lopes Nunes
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Leal Specian
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Lourdes Campaner Dos Santos
- c Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eliana Aparecida Varanda
- d Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- e Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , São Vicente , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Wilner Martínez-Lopez
- f Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable - IIBCE. Montevideo , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
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Lumaca A, Galli L, de Martino M, Chiappini E. Paediatric HIV-1 infection: updated strategies of prevention mother-to-child transmission. J Chemother 2018; 30:193-202. [PMID: 29595094 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2018.1451030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV-1 epidemiology is changing and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) strategies have been continuously optimized over time. However, the correct management of infected women during pregnancy is crucial for PMTCT and cases of vertical transmission continue to occur. OBJECTIVE To review the most recent evidence regarding the prevention of MTCT in resource-rich and resource-limited settings, focalizing on new possible approaches. RESULTS New issues regard the optimal antiretroviral therapy regimen for pregnant women with good immunological control, the use of intrapartum zidovudine (ZDV) in pregnant women with low viral load, the optimization of prophylaxis in the settings where breastfeeding is recommended and use of combined neonatal prophylaxis (CNP) in infants at high-risk for MTCT. Complete viral control, in recent years, has been achieved in most infected pregnant women, has led to change the recommended mode of delivery, since vaginal birth has become a safe option and is now largely recommended. Recent data reported a large use of CNP in preterm infants: this practice may be dangerous, due to the lack of safety data, and its efficacy and effectiveness is unproven. CONCLUSION Data are accumulating on efficacy, effectiveness and safety of different PMTCT strategies in various possible clinical scenarios, however further researches are needed in order to optimize the management of infants at extremely low risk for MTCT as well as in those presenting with high risk for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Lumaca
- a Department of Health Sciences , Meyer University Hospital, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Luisa Galli
- a Department of Health Sciences , Meyer University Hospital, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Maurizio de Martino
- a Department of Health Sciences , Meyer University Hospital, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Elena Chiappini
- a Department of Health Sciences , Meyer University Hospital, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
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Filho APR, Silveira MAD, do Nascimento CB, d'Arce LPG. Integrative study of cell damage and cancer risk in gas station attendants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:1-7. [PMID: 29232963 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2017.1415305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gas station attendants are potentially exposed to carcinogenic substances. This study aimed to evaluate chronic occupational exposed gas station attendant's according to genetic parameters and its relationship with cancer predisposition. Forty gas station attendants were recruited and paired with 40 control subjects. Thousand cells from each subject were analyzed counting the number of pyknotic (PYC), karyolitic (KYL), karyorrhetic (KHC), condensed chromatin (CC), binucleated (BN), basal cells (BC), Nuclear buds (Nbud), and differentiated cells (DIFF). More 2.000 differentiated cells were analyzed counting micronucleated (MNi) and nuclear buds (NBud). We observed a statistical increase in BC and decrease in DIFF (p < 0.05). PYC, CC, KYL, MN, NBud were statistically increased (p < 0.05). All in all, our data showed elevated DNA damage, chromosomal instability, and cell cycle disturbing in our group of gas station attendants. It is a clear risk for their health in future and could be classified as a cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio P R Filho
- a Center of Biological Sciences and Health, College of Biological Sciences , State University of West Paraná (UNIOESTE) , Cascavel , Brazil
| | - Maruhen A D Silveira
- a Center of Biological Sciences and Health, College of Biological Sciences , State University of West Paraná (UNIOESTE) , Cascavel , Brazil
| | - Camila B do Nascimento
- a Center of Biological Sciences and Health, College of Biological Sciences , State University of West Paraná (UNIOESTE) , Cascavel , Brazil
| | - Luciana P G d'Arce
- a Center of Biological Sciences and Health, College of Biological Sciences , State University of West Paraná (UNIOESTE) , Cascavel , Brazil
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Guo Y, Shen O, Han J, Duan H, Yang S, Zhu Z, Tong J, Zhang J. Circadian rhythm genes mediate fenvalerate-induced inhibition of testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1314-1320. [PMID: 29040059 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1384148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fenvalerate (Fen), a widely used pesticide, is known to impair male reproductive functions by mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. Recent studies indicated that circadian clock genes may play an important role in successful male reproduction. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Fen on circadian clock genes involved in the biosynthesis of testosterone using TM3 cells derived from mouse Leydig cells. Data demonstrated that the circadian rhythm of testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells was disturbed following Fen treatment as evidenced by changes in the circadian rhythmicity of core clock genes (Bmal1, Rev-erbα, Rorα). Further, the observed altered rhythms were accompanied by increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and modified steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) mRNA expression. Thus, data suggested that Fen inhibits testosterone synthesis via pathways involving intracellular Ca2+ and clock genes (Bmal1, Rev-Erbα, Rorα) as well as StAR mRNA expression in TM3 cells.
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MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Circadian Rhythm/genetics
- Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Insecticides/toxicity
- Leydig Cells/drug effects
- Leydig Cells/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Nitriles/toxicity
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Pyrethrins/toxicity
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Testosterone/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Guo
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Ouxi Shen
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
- b Department of Occupational Health , Suzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Suzhou , China
| | - Jingjing Han
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Hongyu Duan
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Zhenghong Zhu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Jian Tong
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
| | - Jie Zhang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health , Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou China
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Acésio NO, Carrijo GS, Batista TH, Damasceno JL, Côrrea MB, Tozatti MG, Cunha WR, Tavares DC. Assessment of the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of the Annona muricata leaves and their influence on genomic stability. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1290-1300. [PMID: 28956726 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1377653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The popular use of Annona muricata L. is based upon a range of medicinal purposes, and the plant exhibits biological activities including antihyperglycemic, antiparasitic, and antitumor activities. The objectives of this study were to examine the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. muricata leaves (AMEs), as well as its effects on genotoxicity induced by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay showed that AME was able to scavenge 44.71% of free radicals. The extract significantly reduced the viability of V79 cells in the clonogenic assay at concentrations ≥8 µg/ml. No significant differences in micronucleus (MN) frequency were observed between V79 cell cultures treated with different concentrations of the extract (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 µg/ml) and negative control. When AME concentrations were combined with MMS, data revealed no marked differences from mutagen alone. In contrast, significant reductions in the frequencies of MN were noted in cultures treated with AME combined with H2O2 compared to H2O2 alone. In vivo studies found no significant differences in the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) between animals treated with different AME doses compared to control. Animals treated with AME doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg and MMS exhibited significantly higher frequencies of MNPCE compared to mutagen alone. In conclusion, under current experimental conditions, AME was not genotoxic and exerted a modulatory effect on DNA damage depending upon the experimental conditions. The extract did not influence markedly MMS-induced genotoxicity in in vitro test system. However, the extract increased DNA damage induced by mutagen in mice. In V79 cells, AME reduced the genotoxicity produced by H2O2, and this protective effect was attributed in part to the antioxidant activity of AME.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wilson Roberto Cunha
- a Postgraduate program in Sciences , Universidade de Franca , Franca SP , Brazil
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11
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Pejin B, Tommonaro G, Glumac M, Jakimov D, Kojic V. The redox couple avarol/avarone in the fight with malignant gliomas: the case study of U-251 MG cells. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:616-620. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1327959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Pejin
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research – IMSI, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR – ICB, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tommonaro
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR – ICB, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Miodrag Glumac
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology – SFSB, Food Oral Processing Laboratory, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dimitar Jakimov
- Medical Faculty, Oncology Institute Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kojic
- Medical Faculty, Oncology Institute Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
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12
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Oliveira-Filho EC, Nakano E, Tallarico LDF. Bioassays with freshwater snailsBiomphalariasp.: from control of hosts in public health to alternative tools in ecotoxicology. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2016.1276484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cyrino Oliveira-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências da Educação e Saúde, Centro Universitário de Brasília, UniCEUB, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eliana Nakano
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lenita de Freitas Tallarico
- Laboratório de Parasitologia/Malacologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculdade Nossa Cidade, Estácio, Carapicuíba, Brazil
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Kuznetsov NA, Lebedeva NA, Kuznetsova AA, Rechkunova NI, Dyrkheeva NS, Kupryushkin MS, Stetsenko DA, Pyshnyi DV, Fedorova OS, Lavrik OI. Pre-steady state kinetics of DNA binding and abasic site hydrolysis by tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:2314-2327. [PMID: 27687298 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1220331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) processes DNA 3'-end-blocking modifications, possesses DNA and RNA 3'-nucleosidase activity and is also able to hydrolyze an internal apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site and its synthetic analogs. The mechanism of Tdp1 interaction with DNA was analyzed using pre-steady state stopped-flow kinetics with tryptophan, 2-aminopurine and Förster resonance energy transfer fluorescence detection. Phosphorothioate or tetramethyl phosphoryl guanidine groups at the 3'-end of DNA have been used to prevent 3'-nucleosidase digestion by Tdp1. DNA binding and catalytic properties of Tdp1 and its mutants H493R (Tdp1 mutant SCAN1) and H263A have been compared. The data indicate that the initial step of Tdp1 interaction with DNA includes binding of Tdp1 to the DNA ends followed by the 3'-nucleosidase reaction. In the case of DNA containing AP site, three steps of fluorescence variation were detected that characterize (i) initial binding the enzyme to the termini of DNA, (ii) the conformational transitions of Tdp1 and (iii) search for and recognition of the AP-site in DNA, which leads to the formation of the catalytically active complex and to the AP-site cleavage reaction. Analysis of Tdp1 interaction with single- and double-stranded DNA substrates shows that the rates of the 3'-nucleosidase and AP-site cleavage reactions have similar values in the case of single-stranded DNA, whereas in double-stranded DNA, the cleavage of the AP-site proceeds two times faster than 3'-nucleosidase digestion. Therefore, the data show that the AP-site cleavage reaction is an essential function of Tdp1 which may comprise an independent of AP endonuclease 1 AP-site repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Kuznetsov
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Natalia A Lebedeva
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexandra A Kuznetsova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Nadejda I Rechkunova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Nadezhda S Dyrkheeva
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Maxim S Kupryushkin
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Dmitry A Stetsenko
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Dmitrii V Pyshnyi
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Olga S Fedorova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,b Department of Natural Sciences , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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Parikh PV, Wei Y. PAHs and PM2.5 emissions and female breast cancer incidence in metro Atlanta and rural Georgia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:458-66. [PMID: 26983363 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2016.1161178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemical exposure could be an important etiologic factor for geographic differences in breast cancer incidence. In this study, we examined emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PM2.5 in relation to breast cancer incidence in metro Atlanta and rural Georgia by analyzing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and the Environmental Protection Agency. The results showed that metro Atlanta had a significantly higher age-adjusted annual incidence rate of female breast cancer than rural Georgia (132.6 vs. 113.7 per 100,000) for 1992-2011. Emissions of both PAHs [adjusted β = 0.568 (95 % CI: 0.209, 0.927); p = 0.004] and PM2.5 [adjusted β = 2.964 (95 % CI: 0.468, 5.459); p = 0.023] were significantly associated with breast cancer incidence in metro Atlanta area. This study suggests that ambient air pollution, especially PAHs and PM2.5, could have a significant impact on the increased incidence of female breast cancer in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Vijay Parikh
- a Department of Community Medicine , Mercer University School of Medicine , Macon , GA , USA
| | - Yudan Wei
- a Department of Community Medicine , Mercer University School of Medicine , Macon , GA , USA
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Zare Sakhvidi MJ, Hajaghazadeh M, Mostaghaci M, Mehrparvar AH, Zare Sakhvidi F, Naghshineh E. Applicability of the comet assay in evaluation of DNA damage in healthcare providers' working with antineoplastic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 22:52-67. [PMID: 27110842 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2015.1123380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unintended occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs (ANDs) may occur in medical personnel. Some ANDs are known human carcinogens and exposure can be monitored by genotoxic biomarkers. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the obstacles to obtaining conclusive results from a comet assay test to determine DNA damage among AND exposed healthcare workers. METHODS We systematically reviewed studies that used alkaline comet assay to determine the magnitude and significance of DNA damage among health care workers with potential AND exposure. Fifteen studies were eligible for review and 14 studies were used in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Under random effect assumption, the estimated standardized mean difference (SMD) in the DNA damage of health care workers was 1.93 (95% CI: 1.15-2.71, p < 0.0001). The resulting SMD was reduced to 1.756 (95% CI: 0.992-2.52, p < 0.0001) when the analysis only included nurses. In subgroup analyses based on gender and smoking, heterogeneity was observed. Only for studies reporting comet moment, I2 test results, as a measure of heterogeneity, dropped to zero. Heterogeneity analysis showed that date of study publication was a possible source of heterogeneity (B = -0.14; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A mixture of personal parameters, comet assay methodological variables, and exposure characteristics may be responsible for heterogenic data from comet assay studies and interfere with obtaining conclusive results. Lack of quantitative environmental exposure measures and variation in comet assay protocols across studies are important obstacles in generalization of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi
- a Faculty of Health, Department of Occupational Health , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Mohammad Hajaghazadeh
- b Faculty of Health, Department of Occupational Health , Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia , Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mostaghaci
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Amir Houshang Mehrparvar
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Fariba Zare Sakhvidi
- d Faculty of Health, Department of Occupational Health , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Iran
| | - Elham Naghshineh
- e Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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Tanokura M, Miyakawa T, Guan L, Hou F. Structural analysis of enzymes used for bioindustry and bioremediation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1391-401. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1052770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Microbial enzymes have been widely applied in the large-scale, bioindustrial manufacture of food products and pharmaceuticals due to their high substrate specificity and stereoselectivity, and their effectiveness under mild conditions with low environmental burden. At the same time, bioremedial techniques using microbial enzymes have been developed to solve the problem of industrial waste, particularly with respect to persistent chemicals and toxic substances. And finally, structural studies of these enzymes have revealed the mechanistic basis of enzymatic reactions, including the stereoselectivity and binding specificity of substrates and cofactors. The obtained structural insights are useful not only to deepen our understanding of enzymes with potential bioindustrial and/or bioremedial application, but also for the functional improvement of enzymes through rational protein engineering. This review shows the structural bases for various types of enzymatic reactions, including the substrate specificity accompanying cofactor-controlled and kinetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lijun Guan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Feng Hou
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Frazzoli C, Bocca B, Mantovani A. The One Health Perspective in Trace Elements Biomonitoring. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2015; 18:344-370. [PMID: 26691900 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2015.1085473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Health risks in both animals and humans are associated with chronic exposures to levels of trace elements (TE) eliciting toxic and/or antinutritional effects, including excess exposures to some essential elements. Interferences with essential TE may also lead to secondary nutritional deficiencies and/or imbalances. Although research is still required, biomarkers of exposure, including bioavailability, for TE are established tools for human biomonitoring that can also be applied to animal surveillance. Biomarkers of effect as well as, where available, of susceptibility and bioavailability are necessary to understand whether an ongoing exposure may pose a current or future health concern. In the field of animal health the use of biomarkers is less developed and less widespread than in human health; however, under a One Health perspective, animal biomonitoring can provide important information on the interfaces among humans, animals, and the environment, supporting the prevention and management of health risks. Therefore, a transfer of knowledge from human biomonitoring to farm or free-ranging animals is critical in a risk assessment framework from farm to humans. Advantages and critical aspects in designing and conducting integrative biomonitoring activities in humans and animals were critically reviewed focusing on biomarkers of exposure, effect, susceptibility, and bioavailability for toxic and essential TE. Highlighted aspects include TE metabolism, bioaccessibility, and interactions. Farm or free-ranging animals may provide noninvasive matrices suitable for evaluating animal welfare, environmental stressors, food safety, and potential risks for human health, as proposed by the interdisciplinary concept of One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Frazzoli
- a External Relations Office , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- b Bioelements and Health Unit, Department of Environment and Primary Prevention , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- c Food and Veterinary Toxicology Unit, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
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Kim JY, Yun JW, Kim YS, Kwon E, Choi HJ, Yeom SC, Kang BC. Mutagenicity and tumor-promoting effects of Tiglium seed extract via PKC and MAPK signaling pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 79:374-83. [PMID: 25391291 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.980217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tiglium seed is a seed of mature Croton Tiglium Linne containing croton oils, which have been traditionally used as laxative or purgative. As it contains phorbol derivatives, we investigated the mutagenicity and tumor-promoting activity of Tiglium seed. Tiglium seed extract produced the mutagenic responses in five Salmonella typhimurium strains in Ames assay, whereas it did not alter the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations or micronuclei, indicating that it exerted the mutagenic potential, not clastogenicity. Accompanied with phosphorylation of connexin43 (Cx43) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), Tiglium seed extract inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) associated with tumor-promoting potential. Importantly, these effects were blocked by a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) inhibitors, suggesting that Tiglium seed-induced GJIC inhibition was regulated by phosphorylation of Cx43 via PKC and MAPKs signaling. In conclusion, Tiglium seed has mutagenicity, possibly linking to tumor-promoting potential through the dysfunction of GJIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Kim
- a Graduate School of Translational Medicine , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Renkoski TE, Banerjee B, Graves LR, Rial NS, Reid SAH, Tsikitis VL, Nfonsam VN, Tiwari P, Gavini H, Utzinger U. Ratio images and ultraviolet C excitation in autofluorescence imaging of neoplasms of the human colon. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:16005. [PMID: 23291657 PMCID: PMC3537599 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.1.016005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The accepted screening technique for colon cancer is white light endoscopy. While most abnormal growths (lesions) are detected by this method, a significant number are missed during colonoscopy, potentially resulting in advanced disease. Missed lesions are often flat and inconspicuous in color. A prototype ultraviolet spectral imager measuring autofluorescence (AF) and reflectance has been developed and applied in a study of 21 fresh human colon surgical specimens. Six excitation wavelengths from 280 to 440 nm and formulaic ratio imaging were utilized to increase lesion contrast and cause neoplasms to appear bright compared to normal tissue. It was found that in the subset of lesions which were most difficult to visualize in standard color photographs [low contrast lesions, (LCLs)] a ratio image (F340/F440) of AF images excited at 340 and 440 nm produced extraordinary images and was effective in about 70% of these difficult cases. Contrast may be due to increased levels of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, increased hemoglobin absorption, and reduced signal from submucosal collagen. A second successful ratio image (R480/R555) combined two reflectance images to produce exceptional images especially in particular LCLs where F340/F440 was ineffective. The newly discovered ratio images can potentially improve detection rate in screening with a novel AF colonoscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Renkoski
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Bhaskar Banerjee
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245028, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5028
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Logan R. Graves
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Nathaniel S. Rial
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245028, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5028
| | - Sirandon A. H. Reid
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245028, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5028
| | | | - Valentine N. Nfonsam
- University of Arizona, Department of Surgery, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Piyush Tiwari
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245028, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5028
| | - Hemanth Gavini
- University of Arizona, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245028, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5028
| | - Urs Utzinger
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721
- Address all correspondence to: Urs Utzinger, University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721. Tel: 520-621-5420; E-mail:
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Ta CN, Kono Y, Barback CV, Mattrey RF, Kummel AC. Automating tumor classification with pixel-by-pixel contrast-enhanced ultrasound perfusion kinetics. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. B, NANOTECHNOLOGY & MICROELECTRONICS : MATERIALS, PROCESSING, MEASUREMENT, & PHENOMENA : JVST B 2012; 30:2C103. [PMID: 23616934 PMCID: PMC3463888 DOI: 10.1116/1.3692962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables highly specific time-resolved imaging of vasculature by intravenous injection of ∼2 μm gas filled microbubbles. To develop a quantitative automated diagnosis of breast tumors with CEUS, breast tumors were induced in rats by administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea. A bolus injection of microbubbles was administered and CEUS videos of each tumor were acquired for at least 3 min. The time-intensity curve of each pixel within a region of interest (ROI) was analyzed to measure kinetic parameters associated with the wash-in, peak enhancement, and wash-out phases of microbubble bolus injections since it was expected that the aberrant vascularity of malignant tumors will result in faster and more diverse perfusion kinetics versus those of benign lesions. Parameters were classified using linear discriminant analysis to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors and improve diagnostic accuracy. Preliminary results with a small dataset (10 tumors, 19 videos) show 100% accuracy with fivefold cross-validation testing using as few as two choice variables for training and validation. Several of the parameters which provided the best differentiation between malignant and benign tumors employed comparative analysis of all the pixels in the ROI including enhancement coverage, fractional enhancement coverage times, and the standard deviation of the envelope curve difference normalized to the mean of the peak frame. Analysis of combinations of five variables demonstrated that pixel-by-pixel analysis produced the most robust information for tumor diagnostics and achieved 5 times greater separation of benign and malignant cases than ROI-based analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N Ta
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0407, La Jolla, California 92093
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[The association of XPD G312A polymorphism with lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2010; 13:526-32. [PMID: 20677654 PMCID: PMC6000690 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.05.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE It has been proven that close relation was existed between XPD polymorphism G312A and lung cancer risk. However, some of the results are not consistent. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of DNA repair gene XPD polymorphism G312A on lung cancer risk. METHODS The literatures eligible from PUBMED, EMBASE, CNKI and WANGFANG database were enrolled in the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity among combined studies was assessed. The pooled OR and 95%CI were calculated. The sensitivity analysis and the publication bias were evaluated by RevMan 5.0 and STATA 11.0. RESULTS There were 6554 cases and 8322 controls from 18 studies included in the meta-analysis. In total, individuals with 312A allele and 312AA genotype showed increased lung cancer risk (A vs. G: OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.12; AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06-1.36; AA vs. GG: OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.04-1.36). In Asians, individuals with 312AA genotype showed 6.15 fold and 6.20 fold increased lung cancer risk in recessive genetic model and homogenous contrast respectively (AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 7.15, 95% CI: 1.90-26.94; AA vs. GG: OR = 7.20, 95% CI: 1.91-27.15). In Caucasians, individuals with 312AA genotype showed a 15% increased lung cancer risk (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.31). CONCLUSION XPD 312A allele is risk allele for lung cancer. Individuals with AA genotype have higher risk of lung cancer, especially in Asians.
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Benigni R, Bossa C, Tcheremenskaia O, Giuliani A. Alternatives to the carcinogenicity bioassay:in silicomethods, and thein vitroandin vivomutagenicity assays. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2010; 6:809-19. [PMID: 20438313 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2010.486400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
Mrs Z is a 47-year-old woman with long-standing infertility who is about to undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF) using donor oocytes from an anonymous donor. She has already undergone an IVF cycle with her own oocytes and an IVF cycle using donor oocytes from a known donor without a successful pregnancy. Mrs Z has been advised by her infertility physician to consider the transfer of a single embryo, but she does not wish to decrease her likelihood of conception, and, after her long and expensive infertility saga, wishes to conceive twins. The science of IVF has evolved significantly in the last several years, increasing the likelihood of successful pregnancy and reducing the need to transfer more than 1 embryo with its inherent risks of multiple pregnancy. The state of the science and why patients may continue to want multiple embryos transferred, including costs and lack of insurance coverage for infertility treatments, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Stillman
- Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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Stiborova M, Rupertova M, Schmeiser HH, Frei E. Molecular mechanisms of antineoplastic action of an anticancer drug ellipticine. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2006; 150:13-23. [PMID: 16936898 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2006.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a potent antineoplastic agent exhibiting the multimodal mechanism of its action. This article reviews the mechanisms of predominant pharmacological and cytotoxic effects of ellipticine and shows the results of our laboratories indicating a novel mechanism of its action. The prevalent mechanisms of ellipticine antitumor, mutagenic and cytotoxic activities were suggested to be intercalation into DNA and inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II activity. We demonstrated a new mode of ellipticine action, formation of covalent DNA adducts mediated by its oxidation with cytochromes P450 (CYP) and peroxidases. The article reports the molecular mechanism of ellipticine oxidation by CYPs and identifies human and rat CYPs responsible for ellipticine metabolic activation and detoxication. It also presents a role of peroxidases (i.e. myeloperoxidase, cyclooxygenases, lactoperoxidase) in ellipticine oxidation leading to ellipticine-DNA adducts. The 9-hydroxy- and 7-hydroxyellipticine metabolites formed by CYPs and the major product of ellipticine oxidation by peroxidases, the dimer, in which the two ellipticine skeletons are connected via N(6) of the pyrrole ring of one ellipticine molecule and C9 in the second one, are the detoxication metabolites. On the contrary, 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine, produced by ellipticine oxidation with CYPs, the latter one formed also spontaneously from another CYP- and peroxidase-mediated metabolite, ellipticine N(2)-oxide, are metabolites responsible for formation of two ellipticine-derived deoxyguanosine adducts in DNA. The results reviewed here allow us to propose species, two carbenium ions, ellipticine-13-ylium and ellipticine-12-ylium, as reactive species generating two major DNA adducts seen in vivo in rats treated with ellipticine. The study forms the basis to further predict the susceptibility of human cancers to ellipticine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Miller JA. The metabolism of xenobiotics to reactive electrophiles in chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis: a collaboration with Elizabeth Cavert Miller and our associates. Drug Metab Rev 1998; 30:645-74. [PMID: 9844805 DOI: 10.3109/03602539808996326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J A Miller
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706, USA
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