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Oetter N, Pröll J, Sievert M, Goncalves M, Rohde M, Nobis CP, Knipfer C, Aubreville M, Pan Z, Breininger K, Maier A, Kesting M, Stelzle F. Oral mucosa - an examination map for confocal laser endomicroscopy within the oral cavity: an experimental clinical study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:266. [PMID: 38652317 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an optical method that enables microscopic visualization of oral mucosa. Previous studies have shown that it is possible to differentiate between physiological and malignant oral mucosa. However, differences in mucosal architecture were not taken into account. The objective was to map the different oral mucosal morphologies and to establish a "CLE map" of physiological mucosa as baseline for further application of this powerful technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CLE database consisted of 27 patients. The following spots were examined: (1) upper lip (intraoral) (2) alveolar ridge (3) lateral tongue (4) floor of the mouth (5) hard palate (6) intercalary line. All sequences were examined by two CLE experts for morphological differences and video quality. RESULTS Analysis revealed clear differences in image quality and possibility of depicting tissue morphologies between the various localizations of oral mucosa: imaging of the alveolar ridge and hard palate showed visually most discriminative tissue morphology. Labial mucosa was also visualized well using CLE. Here, typical morphological features such as uniform cells with regular intercellular gaps and vessels could be clearly depicted. Image generation and evaluation was particularly difficult in the area of the buccal mucosa, the lateral tongue and the floor of the mouth. CONCLUSION A physiological "CLE map" for the entire oral cavity could be created for the first time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This will make it possible to take into account the existing physiological morphological features when differentiating between normal mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Oetter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- SAOT‑Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Paul Gordan Straße 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jonas Pröll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matti Sievert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Waldstraße 1, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Goncalves
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rohde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- SAOT‑Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Paul Gordan Straße 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher-Philipp Nobis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Knipfer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Aubreville
- Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Esplanade 10, 85049, Ingolstadt, Germany
| | - Zhaoya Pan
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Breininger
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestraße 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maier
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- SAOT‑Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Paul Gordan Straße 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Stelzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- SAOT‑Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich‑Alexander University Erlangen‑Nürnberg (FAU), Paul Gordan Straße 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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Tu CC, Zheng ZC, Cheng NC, Yu J, Tai WC, Pan YX, Chang PC. Alveolar mucosal cell spheroids promote extraction socket healing and osseous defect regeneration. J Periodontol 2024; 95:372-383. [PMID: 37531239 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar mucosa could be a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regeneration therapeutics because it exhibits faster healing potential and can be easily collected with minimal periodontal disturbance. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of alveolar mucosal cell (AMC) spheroids for promoting extraction socket healing and calvarial osseous defect regeneration. METHODS AMCs were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats. Antigenic and MSC surface marker expressions and trilineage differentiation capability were assessed. AMCs were then osteogenically stimulated (OAs) or unstimulated (UAs), self-aggregated to form spheroids, and encapsulated in gelatin hydrogel to fill rat extraction sockets or combined with freeze-dried bone graft (FDBG) to fill rat calvarial osseous defects. The outcome was assessed by gross observation, micro-CT imaging, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AMCs highly expressed MSC surface markers, showed weak antigenicity, and were capable of trilineage differentiation at Passage 3. In the extraction sockets, wound closure, socket fill, keratinization, and proliferative activities were accelerated in those with AMC spheroids treatment. Socket fill and maturation were further promoted by OA spheroids. In the calvarial osseous defects, the mineralized tissue ratio was promoted with AMC spheroids/FDBG treatment, and bone sialoprotein expression and cell proliferation were more evident with OA spheroids/FDBG treatment. CONCLUSION AMCs exhibited MSC properties with weak antigenicity. AMC spheroids promoted extraction socket healing, AMC spheroids/FDBG promoted calvarial osseous defect regeneration, and the outcomes were further enhanced by osteogenically stimulation of AMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Chang Tu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Cheng Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiu Tai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Xuan Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Bugter O, Li Y, Wolters AH, Agrawal V, Dravid A, Chang A, Hardillo J, Giepmans BN, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Amelink A, Backman V, Robinson DJ. Early Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Detection Using Electron Microscopy to Reveal Chromatin Packing Alterations in Buccal Mucosa Cells. Microsc Microanal 2021; 27:878-888. [PMID: 34108070 PMCID: PMC8939050 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A profound characteristic of field cancerization is alterations in chromatin packing. This study aimed to quantify these alterations using electron microscopy image analysis of buccal mucosa cells of laryngeal, esophageal, and lung cancer patients. Analysis was done on normal-appearing mucosa, believed to be within the cancerization field, and not tumor itself. Large-scale electron microscopy (nanotomy) images were acquired of cancer patients and controls. Within the nuclei, the chromatin packing of euchromatin and heterochromatin was characterized. Furthermore, the chromatin organization was quantified through chromatin packing density scaling. A significant difference was found between the cancer and control groups in the chromatin packing density scaling parameter for length scales below the optical diffraction limit (200 nm) in both the euchromatin (p = 0.002) and the heterochromatin (p = 0.006). The chromatin packing scaling analysis also indicated that the chromatin organization of cancer patients deviated significantly from the control group. They might allow for novel strategies for cancer risk stratification and diagnosis with high sensitivity. This could aid clinicians in personalizing screening strategies for high-risk patients and follow-up strategies for treated cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisín Bugter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Anouk H.G. Wolters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasundhara Agrawal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Amil Dravid
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jose Hardillo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N.G. Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen Amelink
- Department of Optics, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Stieltjesweg 1, 2628 CK Delft, the Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vadim Backman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Dominic J. Robinson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Williams DW, Greenwell-Wild T, Brenchley L, Dutzan N, Overmiller A, Sawaya AP, Webb S, Martin D, Hajishengallis G, Divaris K, Morasso M, Haniffa M, Moutsopoulos NM. Human oral mucosa cell atlas reveals a stromal-neutrophil axis regulating tissue immunity. Cell 2021; 184:4090-4104.e15. [PMID: 34129837 PMCID: PMC8359928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The oral mucosa remains an understudied barrier tissue. This is a site of rich exposure to antigens and commensals, and a tissue susceptible to one of the most prevalent human inflammatory diseases, periodontitis. To aid in understanding tissue-specific pathophysiology, we compile a single-cell transcriptome atlas of human oral mucosa in healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis. We uncover the complex cellular landscape of oral mucosal tissues and identify epithelial and stromal cell populations with inflammatory signatures that promote antimicrobial defenses and neutrophil recruitment. Our findings link exaggerated stromal cell responsiveness with enhanced neutrophil and leukocyte infiltration in periodontitis. Our work provides a resource characterizing the role of tissue stroma in regulating mucosal tissue homeostasis and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake Winslow Williams
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Teresa Greenwell-Wild
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laurie Brenchley
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Dutzan
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew Overmiller
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Phillip Sawaya
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Simone Webb
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel Martin
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- University of Pennsylvania, Penn Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- UNC Adams School of Dentistry and Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Maria Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4LP, UK
| | - Niki Maria Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Bozack AK, Boileau P, Wei L, Hubbard AE, Sillé FCM, Ferreccio C, Acevedo J, Hou L, Ilievski V, Steinmaus CM, Smith MT, Navas-Acien A, Gamble MV, Cardenas A. Exposure to arsenic at different life-stages and DNA methylation meta-analysis in buccal cells and leukocytes. Environ Health 2021; 20:79. [PMID: 34243768 PMCID: PMC8272372 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) exposure through drinking water is a global public health concern. Epigenetic dysregulation including changes in DNA methylation (DNAm), may be involved in arsenic toxicity. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of arsenic exposure have been restricted to single populations and comparison across EWAS has been limited by methodological differences. Leveraging data from epidemiological studies conducted in Chile and Bangladesh, we use a harmonized data processing and analysis pipeline and meta-analysis to combine results from four EWAS. METHODS DNAm was measured among adults in Chile with and without prenatal and early-life As exposure in PBMCs and buccal cells (N = 40, 850K array) and among men in Bangladesh with high and low As exposure in PBMCs (N = 32, 850K array; N = 48, 450K array). Linear models were used to identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially variable positions (DVPs) adjusting for age, smoking, cell type, and sex in the Chile cohort. Probes common across EWAS were meta-analyzed using METAL, and differentially methylated and variable regions (DMRs and DVRs, respectively) were identified using comb-p. KEGG pathway analysis was used to understand biological functions of DMPs and DVPs. RESULTS In a meta-analysis restricted to PBMCs, we identified one DMP and 23 DVPs associated with arsenic exposure; including buccal cells, we identified 3 DMPs and 19 DVPs (FDR < 0.05). Using meta-analyzed results, we identified 11 DMRs and 11 DVRs in PBMC samples, and 16 DMRs and 19 DVRs in PBMC and buccal cell samples. One region annotated to LRRC27 was identified as a DMR and DVR. Arsenic-associated KEGG pathways included lysosome, autophagy, and mTOR signaling, AMPK signaling, and one carbon pool by folate. CONCLUSIONS Using a two-step process of (1) harmonized data processing and analysis and (2) meta-analysis, we leverage four DNAm datasets from two continents of individuals exposed to high levels of As prenatally and during adulthood to identify DMPs and DVPs associated with arsenic exposure. Our approach suggests that standardizing analytical pipelines can aid in identifying biological meaningful signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Philippe Boileau
- Graduate Group in Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Linqing Wei
- Graduate Group in Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alan E Hubbard
- Graduate Group in Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Fenna C M Sillé
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Catterina Ferreccio
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johanna Acevedo
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Health Planning Division in the Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vesna Ilievski
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Craig M Steinmaus
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Tait A, Proctor T, Hamilton NJI, Birchall MA, Lowdell MW. GMP compliant isolation of mucosal epithelial cells and fibroblasts from biopsy samples for clinical tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12392. [PMID: 34117337 PMCID: PMC8196163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered epithelial cell sheets for clinical replacement of non-functional upper aerodigestive tract mucosa are regulated as medicinal products and should be manufactured to the standards of good manufacturing practice (GMP). The current gold standard for growth of epithelial cells for research utilises growth arrested murine 3T3 J2 feeder layers, which are not available for use as a GMP compliant raw material. Using porcine mucosal tissue, we demonstrate a new method for obtaining and growing non-keratinised squamous epithelial cells and fibroblast cells from a single biopsy, replacing the 3T3 J2 with a growth arrested primary fibroblast feeder layer and using pooled Human Platelet lysate (HPL) as the media serum supplement to replace foetal bovine serum (FBS). The initial isolation of the cells was semi-automated using an Octodissociator and the resultant cell suspension cryopreservation for future use. When compared to the gold standard of 3T3 J2 and FBS containing medium there was no reduction in growth, viability, stem cell population or ability to differentiate to mature epithelial cells. Furthermore, this method was replicated with Human buccal tissue, providing cells of sufficient quality and number to create a tissue engineered sheet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Tait
- Cancer Institute, Department of Haematology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Toby Proctor
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Mark W Lowdell
- Cancer Institute, Department of Haematology, University College London, London, UK
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Katoh S, Rao SK, Suryaprakash V, Horiguchi A, Kushibiki T, Ojima K, Shinchi M, Iwasaki M, Takeda M, Senthilkumar R, Rajmohan M, Karthick R, Preethy S, Abraham SJ. A 3D Polymer Scaffold Platform for Enhanced in vitro Culture of Human & Rabbit Buccal Epithelial Cells for Cell Therapies. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2021; 46:1-6. [PMID: 33835468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buccal mucosal epithelial cells show promising application for various regenerative medicine approaches. In this study, we examined the feasibility of culturing rabbit and human buccal mucosal epithelial cells in a novel thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP) scaffold, without feeder layers or other foreign proteins. METHODS & RESULTS The results of this 28-day in vitro culture, u sing the conventional technique (2D) and TGP (3D) showed that the epithelial cell morphology could be maintained only in the TGP group while cells in the 2D group de-differentiated to fibroblast morphology in both human and rabbit samples. CK3 expression, a marker for epithelial differentiation was higher in 3D-TGP cultured cells than 2D. CONCLUSION TGP based in vitro cell culture is a prospective methodology to culture buccal mucosal epithelial cells efficiently without using foreign biological components for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Samuel Jk Abraham
- II Department of Surgery & Center for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR), University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
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8
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Ji N, Fang M, Baptista A, Cepeda C, Greenberg M, Mincey IC, Ohman-Strickland P, Haynes F, Fiedler N, Kipen HM, Laumbach RJ. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and changes in exhaled nitric oxide and DNA methylation in arginase and nitric oxide synthase in children with asthma. Environ Health 2021; 20:12. [PMID: 33573660 PMCID: PMC7879528 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with increased risk of airway inflammation in children with asthma. While epigenetic changes could potentially modulate TRAP-induced inflammatory responses, few studies have assessed the temporal pattern of exposure to TRAP, epigenetic changes and inflammation in children with asthma. Our goal was to test the time-lag patterns of personal exposure to TRAP, airway inflammation (measured as fractional exhaled nitric oxide, FeNO), and DNA methylation in the promoter regions of genes involved in nitric oxide synthesis among children with asthma. METHODS We measured personal exposure to black carbon (BC) and FeNO for up to 30 days in a panel of children with asthma. We collected 90 buccal cell samples for DNA methylation analysis from 18 children (5 per child). Methylation in promoter regions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS2A, NOS3) and arginase (ARG1, ARG2) was assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Linear-mixed effect models were used to test the associations of BC at different lag periods, percent DNA methylation at each site and FeNO level. RESULTS Exposure to BC was positively associated with FeNO, and negatively associated with DNA methylation in NOS3. We found strongest association between FeNO and BC at lag 0-6 h while strongest associations between methylation at positions 1 and 2 in NOS3 and BC were at lag 13-24 h and lag 0-24 h, respectively. The strengths of associations were attenuated at longer lag periods. No significant associations between exposure to TRAP and methylation levels in other NOS and ARG isoforms were observed. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to TRAP was associated with higher levels of FeNO and lower levels of DNA methylation in the promoter regions of the NOS3 gene, indicating that DNA methylation of the NOS3 gene could be an important epigenetic mechanism in physiological responses to TRAP in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ji
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - M Fang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | | | - C Cepeda
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | | | | | - P Ohman-Strickland
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - F Haynes
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - N Fiedler
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - H M Kipen
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - R J Laumbach
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Room 204, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Abstract
Three-dimensional, organotypic models of the oral mucosa have been developed to study a wide variety of phenomena occurring in the oral cavity. Although a number of models have been developed in academic research labs, only a few models have been commercialized. Models from academic groups offer a broader range of phenotypes while the commercial models are more focused on the oral and gingival mucosa. The commercialized models are manufactured under highly controlled conditions and meet the requirements of quality standards, which leads to high levels of reproducibility. These in vitro models have been used to evaluate the irritancy of oral care products such as toothpastes, mouthwashes, and mucoadhesives. The effects of cigarette smoke on oral cavity tissues have been studied and compared to those of e-cigarettes. Oral tissue models have facilitated investigation of the mechanisms of oral mucositis and oral candidiasis and have been used to examine transbuccal drug delivery rates and the absorption of nanoparticles. Infection studies have investigated the effects of HIV-1 along with the effects of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. More recently, a differentiated oral tissue model has been shown to express the ACE2 receptor, which is known to be important for the receptor-mediated entry of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into human cells and tissues. Hence, oral mucosal models may find application in determining whether viral infection of the oral mucosa is possible and whether such infection has implications vis-a-vis the current COVID-19 pandemic. As is apparent, these models are used in a broad variety of applications and often offer advantages versus animal models in terms of reproducibility, avoiding species extrapolation, and the ethical concerns related to human and animal experimentation. The goals of this paper are to review commercially available models of the human buccal and gingival mucosa and highlight their use to gain a better understanding of a broad range of phenomena affecting tissues in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuki Handa
- Kurabo Industries Ltd, Neyagawa, Osaka, Japan
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Tanaka S, Yasuda T, Hamada Y, Kawaguchi N, Fujishita Y, Mori S, Yokoyama Y, Yamamoto H, Kogo M. Synthetic peptide SVVYGLR upregulates cell motility and facilitates oral mucosal wound healing. Peptides 2020; 134:170405. [PMID: 32920045 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin-derived SVVYGLR (SV) 7-amino-acid sequence is a multifunctional and synthetic SV peptide implicated in angiogenesis, production of collagen III, and fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. This study investigated the effect of the SV peptide on mucosal wound healing activity. Normal human-derived gingival fibroblasts (NHGF) and human oral mucosa keratinocytes (HOMK) were used for in vitro experiments. In addition, an oral punch wound was prepared at the buccal mucosa in male rats aged 11 weeks, and we evaluated the effect of local injection of SV peptide on wound healing. The synthetic SV peptide showed no influence on the proliferation and adhesion properties of NHGF and HOMK, but it enhanced the cell motility and migration activities. TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor, SB431542 or SB505124, substantially suppressed the SV peptide-induced migration activity, suggesting an involvement of TGF-β1 receptor activation. Furthermore, SV peptide accelerated the healing process of an in vivo oral wound model, compared with control groups. Further immunohistological staining of wound tissue revealed that an increase in capillary growth and the greater number of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that migrated into the wound area might contribute to the facilitation of the healing process produced by the SV peptide. The SV peptide has beneficial effects on oral wound healing through enhancement of the earlier phase consisting of angiogenesis and remodeling with granulation tissue. The synthetic SV peptide can be a useful treatment option, particularly for intractable mucosal wounds caused by trauma or surgery for progressive lesions such as oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Tanaka
- The 1st Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takuji Yasuda
- The 1st Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoshinosuke Hamada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Health Economics and Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Naomasa Kawaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Departments of Drug Discovery Cardiovascular Regeneration, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yohei Fujishita
- The 1st Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Seiji Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuhki Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Mikihiko Kogo
- The 1st Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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11
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Ostojic L, O'Connor C, Wurmbach E. Micromanipulation of single cells and fingerprints for forensic identification. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2020; 51:102430. [PMID: 33260060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Crime scene samples often include biological stains, handled items, or worn clothes and may contain cells from various donors. Applying routine sample collection methods by using a portion of a biological stain or swabbing the entire suspected touched area of the evidence followed by DNA extraction often leads to DNA mixtures. Some mixtures can be addressed with sophisticated interpretation protocols and probabilistic genotyping software resulting in DNA profiles of their contributors. However, many samples remain unresolved, providing no investigative information. Samples with many contributors are often the most challenging samples in forensic biology. Examples include gang rape situations or where the perpetrator's DNA is present in traces among the overwhelming amounts of the victim's DNA. If this is the only available evidence in a case, it is of paramount importance to generate usable information. An alternative approach, to address biological mixtures, could be the collection of individual cells directly from the evidence and testing them separately. This method could prevent cells from being inadvertently blended during the extraction process, thus resulting in DNA mixtures. In this study, multiple tools coupled with adhesive microcarriers to collect single cells were evaluated. These were tested on epithelial (buccal) and sperm cells, as well as on touched items. Single cells were successfully collected but fingerprints were swabbed in their entirety to account for the extracellular DNA of these samples and the poor DNA quality of shed skin flakes. Furthermore, micromanipulation devices, such as the P.A.L.M.® and the Axio Zoom.V16 operated manually or with a robotic arm aureka®, were compared for their effectiveness in collecting cells. The P.A.L.M.® was suitable for single cell isolation when smeared on membrane slides. Manual or robotic manipulations, by utilizing the Axio Zoom.V16, have wider applications as they can be used to isolate cells from various substrates such as glass or membrane slides, tapes, or directly from the evidence. Manipulations using the Axio Zoom.V16, either with the robotic arm aureka® or manually, generated similar outcomes which were significantly better than the outcomes by using the P.A.L.M.®. Robotic manipulations using the aureka® produced more consistent results, but operating the aureka® required training and often needed re-calibrations. This made the process of cell manipulations slower than when manually operated. Our preferred method was the manual manipulations as it was fast, cost effective, required little training, but relied on a steady hand of the technician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Ostojic
- Department of Forensic Biology, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York, N.Y, 10016, USA
| | - Craig O'Connor
- Department of Forensic Biology, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York, N.Y, 10016, USA
| | - Elisa Wurmbach
- Department of Forensic Biology, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York, N.Y, 10016, USA.
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12
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Leonardi S, Poma AM, Colafarina S, D'Aloisio F, Scatigna M, Zarivi O, Mastrantonio R, Tobia L, Fabiani L. Early genotoxic damage through micronucleus test in exfoliated buccal cells and occupational dust exposure in construction workers: a cross-sectional study in L'Aquila, Italy. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 203:110989. [PMID: 32888600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The city of L'Aquila (central Italy) was hit by a strong earthquake in 2009 that caused the collapse of several buildings, deaths and injured people. In the following years, a great number of building sites were activated, building workers resulted intensely exposed and represent a relevant target for research on environmental mutagenesis and epidemiological surveillance. Cells of buccal mucosa are considered an appropriate site for early detecting of cytogenetic damage, since it represents the first barrier in inhalation or ingestion and can metabolize carcinogenic agents into reactive chemicals. Our study is aimed 1) at comparing the early genotoxic damage as measured by the buccal mucosa micronucleus test in two subgroups of workers defined by different occupational exposure and 2) at evaluating possible confounding variables such as lifestyle factors. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study was conducted in L'Aquila, on 24 outdoor workers (OWs) highly exposed on the construction sites and 26 indoor workers (IWs), all subjected to the compulsory occupational surveillance system, in the period 2017-2018. Buccal cells samples were collected and, based on the Micronucleus test, the exfoliated cells were classified in respect of nuclear changes observed. Moreover, a self-report questionnaire composed of 84 items, was administered to the workers. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between Exp+ (OWs) and Exp- (IWs) in the number of the analyzed cells (expressed as mean value out of 1000 cells): respectively 954.46 vs 990.06 normal cells, (p < 0.001); 19.79 vs 4.95 micronucleated cells, as marker of chromosomal damage (p < 0.001); 13.93 vs 8.96 binucleated cells, as marker of failed cytokinesis (p < 0.001); 2.09 vs 1.18 karyolytic cells, as marker of cell death and damaged DNA (p < 0.05). According with a multivariate regression analysis, in addition to the job exposure (OW vs IW, beta = 12.221, p < 0.001), the only variable independently associated with an increase in Micronuclei (MNs) is the smoking habit (OWs vs IWs, beta = 6.683, p < 0.001) which, even if not associated with dust exposure, worsens cell integrity. Moreover, this worsening effect is weaker in workers not exposed to the site dust (moderation effect). Within social demographic factors, the high educational level only apparently seems to affect MNs number: even if unbalanced in favor of IWs vs OWs, this variable resulted a confounder, since its effect disappears when the interaction between these two factors is considered, because it is a covariate of smoking habit as well as of the job condition. CONCLUSION Despite some limitation, our findings clearly confirm the role of occupational exposure as a marker of cytogenetic damage associated with MNs number in construction workers. Moreover, smoking status appears as the only other investigated factor independently associated to the outcome. The statistical model, in addition, highlights possible moderation and confounding effects, such as interaction between smoking and occupational exposure and the unbalanced school education level in workers. Micronucleus test in exfoliated buccal cells would be considered a suitable method for studying the early genotoxic damage in the construction occupational setting as well as in evaluating the efficacy of preventive practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Leonardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Mg Poma
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Colafarina
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Aloisio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Scatigna
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Zarivi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mastrantonio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Loreta Tobia
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leila Fabiani
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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13
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Travis CR. As Plain as the Nose on Your Face: The Case for A Nasal (Mucosal) Route of Vaccine Administration for Covid-19 Disease Prevention. Front Immunol 2020; 11:591897. [PMID: 33117404 PMCID: PMC7561361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.591897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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14
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McEwen LM, O'Donnell KJ, McGill MG, Edgar RD, Jones MJ, MacIsaac JL, Lin DTS, Ramadori K, Morin A, Gladish N, Garg E, Unternaehrer E, Pokhvisneva I, Karnani N, Kee MZL, Klengel T, Adler NE, Barr RG, Letourneau N, Giesbrecht GF, Reynolds JN, Czamara D, Armstrong JM, Essex MJ, de Weerth C, Beijers R, Tollenaar MS, Bradley B, Jovanovic T, Ressler KJ, Steiner M, Entringer S, Wadhwa PD, Buss C, Bush NR, Binder EB, Boyce WT, Meaney MJ, Horvath S, Kobor MS. The PedBE clock accurately estimates DNA methylation age in pediatric buccal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23329-23335. [PMID: 31611402 PMCID: PMC7519312 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820843116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biological markers of aging has primarily focused on adult samples. Epigenetic clocks are a promising tool for measuring biological age that show impressive accuracy across most tissues and age ranges. In adults, deviations from the DNA methylation (DNAm) age prediction are correlated with several age-related phenotypes, such as mortality and frailty. In children, however, fewer such associations have been made, possibly because DNAm changes are more dynamic in pediatric populations as compared to adults. To address this gap, we aimed to develop a highly accurate, noninvasive, biological measure of age specific to pediatric samples using buccal epithelial cell DNAm. We gathered 1,721 genome-wide DNAm profiles from 11 different cohorts of typically developing individuals aged 0 to 20 y old. Elastic net penalized regression was used to select 94 CpG sites from a training dataset (n = 1,032), with performance assessed in a separate test dataset (n = 689). DNAm at these 94 CpG sites was highly predictive of age in the test cohort (median absolute error = 0.35 y). The Pediatric-Buccal-Epigenetic (PedBE) clock was characterized in additional cohorts, showcasing the accuracy in longitudinal data, the performance in nonbuccal tissues and adult age ranges, and the association with obstetric outcomes. The PedBE tool for measuring biological age in children might help in understanding the environmental and contextual factors that shape the DNA methylome during child development, and how it, in turn, might relate to child health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M McEwen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
| | - Megan G McGill
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Rachel D Edgar
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - David Tse Shen Lin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Katia Ramadori
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Alexander Morin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Nicole Gladish
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Elika Garg
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Eva Unternaehrer
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Irina Pokhvisneva
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 117609
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 117609
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School-McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Nancy E Adler
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Ronald G Barr
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Nicole Letourneau
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - James N Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffrey M Armstrong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Marilyn J Essex
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke S Tollenaar
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School-McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Meir Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617
| | - Pathik D Wadhwa
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617
| | - Claudia Buss
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - W Thomas Boyce
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 117609
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia-BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4H4;
- Child and Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1M1
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Diomede F, Marconi GD, Fonticoli L, Pizzicannella J, Trubiani O. Stem Cells Secretome from Oral Tissue Could Represent a Promising Therapeutic Approach in COVID-19-Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186833. [PMID: 32957696 PMCID: PMC7554818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has quickly become a health emergency because no specifics vaccines or drugs, at this moment, are available. Recent studies have shown that the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could represent a promising strategy for the development of new therapeutic methods. We speculate and suggest that the secretome of human Oral Tissue Stem Cells (hOTSCs), for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory specific properties, could exert beneficial effects on the COVID-19 patients through an innovative aerosolisation technique. This non-invasive technique can offer multiple advantages in prophylaxis, as well as the prevention and treatment of severe epidemic respiratory syndrome with minimum risk and optimal therapeutic effects. This has the potential to create a novel pathway towards immunomodulatory therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Diomede
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (G.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Guya D. Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (G.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (G.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | | | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (G.D.M.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-355-4097
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16
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Parizi JLS, Tolardo AJ, Lisboa ACG, Barravieira B, de Azevedo Mello F, Rossi RC, Nai GA. Evaluation of buccal damage associated with acute inhalation exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in mice. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:244. [PMID: 32664986 PMCID: PMC7362426 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbicide dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most widely used crop spraying products in the world. Some pesticides induce the degranulation of mast cells and increase allergic responses. This is the first study to evaluate the damage to the oral mucosa after an experimental simulation of environmental inhalation exposure to the 2,4-D herbicide. The aim of this study was evaluate the possible oral damage caused by acute inhalation exposure to the herbicide 2,4-D. RESULTS There was a difference between the exposure concentrations in relation to tissue congestion intensity (p = 0.002) and mast cell counts (p = 0.002), a difference in the evaluation of the interaction between the exposure concentrations and nebulization time in the dorsum epithelium thickness (p = 0.013), and a significant correlation between the epithelial thickness and the number of nucleoli organizing regions on the dorsum of the tongue (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Even after acute exposure, the herbicide 2,4-D had the potential to damage the oral epithelium, especially at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Santos Parizi
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Jodas Tolardo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Gomes Lisboa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barravieira
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Fabíola de Azevedo Mello
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Renata Calciolari Rossi
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program on Environment and Regional Development, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alborghetti Nai
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica e Citopatologia, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Rua José Bongiovani, 700, SP, 19050-680, Presidente Prudente, Brasil.
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Magrin GL, Strauss FJ, Benfatti CAM, Maia LC, Gruber R. Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Human Oral Epithelial Cells and the Potential Impact on Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144895. [PMID: 32664466 PMCID: PMC7402343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), bacterial metabolites released from dental biofilm, are supposed to target the oral epithelium. There is, however, no consensus on how SCFA affect the oral epithelial cells. The objective of the present study was to systematically review the available in vitro evidence of the impact of SCFA on human oral epithelial cells in the context of periodontal disease. A comprehensive electronic search using five databases along with a grey literature search was performed. In vitro studies that evaluated the effects of SCFA on human oral epithelial cells were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed by the University of Bristol's tool for assessing risk of bias in cell culture studies. Certainty in cumulative evidence was evaluated using GRADE criteria (grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation). Of 3591 records identified, 10 were eligible for inclusion. A meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity between the studies. The risk of bias across the studies was considered "serious" due to the presence of methodological biases. Despite these limitations, this review showed that SCFA negatively affect the viability of oral epithelial cells by activating a series of cellular events that includes apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. SCFA impair the integrity and presumably the transmigration of leucocytes through the epithelial layer by changing junctional and adhesion protein expression, respectively. SCFA also affect the expression of chemokines and cytokines in oral epithelial cells. Future research needs to identify the underlying signaling cascades and to translate the in vitro findings into preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Leonardo Magrin
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.L.M.); (F.J.S.)
- Department of Dentistry, Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima s/n, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - Franz Josef Strauss
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.L.M.); (F.J.S.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Av. Sergio Livingstone 943, Santiago 7500566, Chile
| | - Cesar Augusto Magalhães Benfatti
- Department of Dentistry, Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima s/n, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 325, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil;
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.L.M.); (F.J.S.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Yang J, Zhang H, Sun S, Wang X, Guan Y, Mi Q, Zeng W, Xiang H, Zhu H, Zou X, You Y, Xiang Y, Gao Q. Autophagy and Hsp70 activation alleviate oral epithelial cell death induced by food-derived hypertonicity. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:253-264. [PMID: 31975220 PMCID: PMC7058754 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable intracellular and intercellular osmolarity is vital for all physiological processes. Although it is the first organ that receives food, the osmolarity around the mouth epithelium has never been systematically investigated. We found that oral epithelial cells are a population of ignored cells routinely exposed to hypertonic environments mainly composed of saline, glucose, etc. in vivo after chewing food. By using cultured oral epithelial cells as an in vitro model, we found that the hypotonic environments caused by both high NaCl and high glucose induced cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Transcriptomics revealed similar expression profiles after high NaCl and high glucose stimulation. Most of the common differentially expressed genes were enriched in "mitophagy" and "autophagy" according to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Hypertonic stimulation for 1 to 6 h resulted in autophagosome formation. The activation of autophagy protected cells from high osmolarity-induced cell death. The activation of Hsp70 by the pharmacological activator handelin significantly improved the cell survival rate after hypertonic stimulation. The protective role of Hsp70 activation was partially dependent on autophagy activation, indicating a crosstalk between Hsp70 and autophagy in hypertonic stress response. The extract of the handelin-containing herb Chrysanthemum indicum significantly protected oral epithelial cells from hypertonic-induced death, providing an inexpensive way to protect against hypertonic-induced oral epithelial damage. In conclusion, the present study emphasized the importance of changes in osmolarity in oral health for the first time. The identification of novel compounds or herbal plant extracts that can activate autophagy or HSPs may contribute to oral health and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Human Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Sujiao Sun
- Medical Cosmetology Teaching and Research Section, School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, No.32 Jiashibo Road, Dali, 532901, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science &Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Qili Mi
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Wanli Zeng
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Huadong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Human Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Human Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yunfei You
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Human Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Human Aging in Jiangxi Province, Human Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China.
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19
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Arroyo R, López S, Romo E, Montoya G, Hoz L, Pedraza C, Garfias Y, Arzate H. Carboxy-Terminal Cementum Protein 1-Derived Peptide 4 (cemp1-p4) Promotes Mineralization through wnt/ β-catenin Signaling in Human Oral Mucosa Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1307. [PMID: 32075221 PMCID: PMC7072908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) is known to induce cementoblast and osteoblast differentiation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human periodontal ligament-derived cells in vitro and promotes bone regeneration in vivo. CEMP1's secondary structure analysis shows that it has a random-coiled structure and is considered an Intrinsic Disordered Protein (IDP). CEMP1's short peptide sequences mimic the biological capabilities of CEMP1. However, the role and mechanisms of CEMP1's C-terminal-derived synthetic peptide (CEMP1-p4) in the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are yet to be described. Here we report that CEMP1-p4 promotes proliferation and differentiation of Human Oral Mucosa Stem Cells (HOMSCs) by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CEMP1-p4 stimulation upregulated the expression of β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3B) and activated the transcription factors TCF1/7 and Lymphoid Enhancer binding Factor 1 (LEF1) at the mRNA and protein levels. We found translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus in CEMP1-p4-treated cultures. The peptide also penetrates the cell membrane and aggregates around the cell nucleus. Analysis of CEMP1-p4 secondary structure revealed that it has a random-coiled structure. Its biological activities included the induction to nucleate hydroxyapatite crystals. In CEMP1-p4-treated HOMSCs, ALP activity and calcium deposits increased. Expression of Osterix (OSX), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Integrin binding sialoproptein (IBSP) and osteocalcin (OCN) were upregulated. Altogether, these data show that CEMP1-p4 plays a direct role in the differentiation of HOMSCs to a "mineralizing-like" phenotype by activating the β-catenin signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Sonia López
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Enrique Romo
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Gonzalo Montoya
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Lía Hoz
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudia Pedraza
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
| | - Yonathan Garfias
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico;
- Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana, CDMX 06800, Mexico
| | - Higinio Arzate
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; (R.A.); (S.L.); (E.R.); (G.M.); (L.H.); (C.P.)
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20
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Biggs LA, Franke AA, Farrar CE. Altered Fluorescence of Buccal Cells as a Candidate Biomarker for Areca Nut Chewing. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:1450-1456. [PMID: 32569536 PMCID: PMC7316152 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1683201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Betel nut is used by an estimated 600 million people globally and is the 4th most widely used psychoactive substance in the world. Its use has been shown to cause oral and esophageal cancers. Therefore, cessation programs are needed in which an effective biomarker can be employed. Objectives: Buccal cells are highly exposed to the betel nut during its use and are also easy to collect. However, it is unknown if there are significant changes to these cells upon exposure or how long any changes may last as the turnover of buccal cells is relatively fast. We sought to determine if optical changes could be detected on buccal cells after exposure to betel nut and if detected, how long these changes were sustained. Methods: Flow cytometry was employed to determine whether fluorescence intensities differ between buccal cells exposed to betel nut and naïve cells. We further characterized the optical signature of buccal cells exposed to betel nut and other polyphenol-rich substances using lambda scans performed on a laser scanning confocal microscope. Results: We demonstrate that the fluorescence of betel nut exposed cells is greater than that of cells exposed to other optically active compounds such as polyphenol-rich foods. We also demonstrate that the fluorescence spectra of betel nut quid exposed cells are distinct from that of cells exposed to other polyphenol-rich substances. Conclusions: We conclude that detecting the altered fluorescence of buccal cells following exposure to betel nut quid may serve as a candidate biomarker for betel nut quid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A.F. Biggs
- College of Applied and Natural Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam
| | - Adrian A. Franke
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Christine E. Farrar
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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21
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Szafarowski T, Sierdziński J, Ludwig N, Głuszko A, Filipowska A, Szczepański MJ. Assessment of cancer stem cell marker expression in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma shows prognostic value for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1). Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 867:172837. [PMID: 31811857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in carcinogenesis and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The most common markers indicating for CSCs are: CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1A1. Our objective was to evaluate the prognostic potential of CSC markers in HNSCC. The study included 49 patients treated for primary HNSCC, 11 patients with upper respiratory tract epithelial dysplasia and 12 subjects with the normal pharyngeal mucosa as a control group. The frequency and expression levels of the four CSC markers were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to correlate CSC expression levels with tumor stage, lymph node metastases or overall survival (OS). CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1A1 were widely expressed in tumors, whereas CD44 was found to be higher in cancer tissue (P = 0.001). ALDH1A1 expression levels were found to be significantly higher in T3-T4 tumors vs. T1-T2 tumors (P = 0.05). Lymph node metastases had significantly higher expression levels of CD24 (P = 0.01) and CD133 (P < 0.05) than primary tumors. Multifactorial analysis revealed that overall survival (OS) for patients with ALDH1A1 negative tumors was 5.25 times higher than for patients with ALDH1A1 positive (ALDH1A1+) tumors (P = 0.01). On univariate and multivariate analysis, only ALDH1A1 positivity had a significant effect on OS of HNSCC patients (HR = 2.47 for P = 0.02). Immunohistochemistry-based assessments of CSC marker expression in HNSCC has significant predictive implications for patients with HNSCC. The frequency of CSCs in the tumor, specifically of ALDH1A1+ cells correlated with five-year OS in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Szafarowski
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Stępińska 19/25 Str., 00-739, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Janusz Sierdziński
- Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16 Str., 00-581, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Alicja Głuszko
- Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Filipowska
- Department of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Str., 41-800, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Mirosław J Szczepański
- Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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22
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Zheng X, Tizzano M, Redding K, He J, Peng X, Jiang P, Xu X, Zhou X, Margolskee RF. Gingival solitary chemosensory cells are immune sentinels for periodontitis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4496. [PMID: 31582750 PMCID: PMC6776549 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) are epithelial sentinels that utilize bitter Tas2r receptors and coupled taste transduction elements to detect pathogenic bacterial metabolites, triggering host defenses to control the infection. Here we report that SCCs are present in mouse gingival junctional epithelium, where they express several Tas2rs and the taste signaling components α-gustducin (Gnat3), TrpM5, and Plcβ2. Gnat3-/- mice have altered commensal oral microbiota and accelerated naturally occurring alveolar bone loss. In ligature-induced periodontitis, knockout of taste signaling molecules or genetic absence of gingival SCCs (gSCCs) increases the bacterial load, reduces bacterial diversity, and renders the microbiota more pathogenic, leading to greater alveolar bone loss. Topical treatment with bitter denatonium to activate gSCCs upregulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides and ameliorates ligature-induced periodontitis in wild-type but not in Gnat3-/- mice. We conclude that gSCCs may provide a promising target for treating periodontitis by harnessing innate immunity to regulate the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Marco Tizzano
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kevin Redding
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Peihua Jiang
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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23
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Lim IH, Alias R, Umapathy T, Samsudin A. Cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) and penetrating keratoplasty in long-standing severe ocular surface injury. Med J Malaysia 2019; 74:433-435. [PMID: 31649222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ocular chemical injury is a true ophthalmic emergency requiring immediate medical intervention. Damages can be devastating and potentially resulting in blindness, corneal perforation and phthisis bulbi. We describe here a successful treatment outcome in a patient who sustained Roper-Hall Grade 4 injury to both eyes. Patient received medical therapy followed by serial ocular surgeries with eventual visual recovery in one eye from counting finger to 6/15 after a decade. In conclusion, after maximum medical therapy, a carefully planned serial surgeries of cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) and PK has proven beneficial for this patient with advanced limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Lim
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Department of Ophthalmology, Cornea Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - R Alias
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Department of Ophthalmology, Cornea Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Umapathy
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Department of Ophthalmology, Cornea Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Samsudin
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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de Oliveira AFB, de Souza MR, Benedetti D, Scotti AS, Piazza LS, Garcia ALH, Dias JF, Niekraszewicz LAB, Duarte A, Bauer D, Amaral L, Bassi Branco CL, de Melo Reis É, da Silva FR, da Silva J. Investigation of pesticide exposure by genotoxicological, biochemical, genetic polymorphic and in silico analysis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 179:135-142. [PMID: 31035247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soybean farmers are exposed to various types of pesticides that contain in their formulations a combination of chemicals with genotoxic and mutagenic potential. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the genetic damages caused by this pesticide exposure to soybean producers in the state of Mato Grosso (Brazil), regarding biochemical, genetic polymorphic and in silico analyses. A total of 148 individuals were evaluated, 76 of which were occupationally exposed and 72 were not exposed at all. The buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt) detected in the exposed group an increase on DNA damage and cell death. No inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BchE) was observed within the exposed group. The detection of inorganic elements was made through the particle-induced X-ray emission technique (PIXE), which revealed higher concentrations of Bromine (Br), Rubidium (Rb) and Lead (Pb) in rural workers. A molecular model using in silico analysis suggests how metal ions can cause both DNA damage and apoptosis in the exposed cells. Analysis of the compared effect of X-ray Repair Cross-complement Protein 1 (XRCC1) and Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) genotypes in the groups demonstrated an increase of binucleated cells (exposed group) and nuclear bud (non-exposed group) in individuals with the XRCC1 Trip/- and PON1 Arg/- genes. There was no significant difference in the telomere (TL) mean value in the exposed group in contrast to the non-exposed group. Our results showed that soybean producers showed genotoxic effect and cell death, which may have been induced by exposure to complex mixtures of agrochemicals and fertilizers. In addition, XRCC1 Arg/Arg could, in some respects, provide protection to individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielly F B de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Melissa Rosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Danieli Benedetti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Scotti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luma Smidt Piazza
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Letícia Hilario Garcia
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Postgraduate Program in Environmental Quality, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Anaí Duarte
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dêiverti Bauer
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Livio Amaral
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmen Lucia Bassi Branco
- Postgraduate in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Érica de Melo Reis
- Postgraduate in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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25
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Belmans N, Gilles L, Virag P, Hedesiu M, Salmon B, Baatout S, Lucas S, Jacobs R, Lambrichts I, Moreels M. Method validation to assess in vivo cellular and subcellular changes in buccal mucosa cells and saliva following CBCT examinations. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2019; 48:20180428. [PMID: 30912976 PMCID: PMC6747439 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20180428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is a medical imaging technique used in dental medicine. However, there are no conclusive data available indicating that exposure to X-ray doses used by CBCT are harmless. We aim, for the first time, to characterize the potential age-dependent cellular and subcellular effects related to exposure to CBCT imaging. Current objective is to describe and validate the protocol for characterization of cellular and subcellular changes after diagnostic CBCT. METHODS Development and validation of a dedicated two-part protocol: 1) assessing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in buccal mucosal (BM) cells and 2) oxidative stress measurements in saliva samples. BM cells and saliva samples are collected prior to and 0.5 h after CBCT examination. BM cells are also collected 24 h after CBCT examination. DNA DSBs are monitored in BM cells via immunocytochemical staining for γH2AX and 53BP1. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and total antioxidant capacity are measured in saliva to assess oxidative damage. RESULTS Validation experiments show that sufficient BM cells are collected (97.1 ± 1.4 %) and that γH2AX/53BP1 foci can be detected before and after CBCT examination. Collection and analysis of saliva samples, either sham exposed or exposed to IR, show that changes in 8-oxo-dG and total antioxidant capacity can be detected in saliva samples after CBCT examination. CONCLUSION The DIMITRA Research Group presents a two-part protocol to analyze potential age-related biological differences following CBCT examinations. This protocol was validated for collecting BM cells and saliva and for analyzing these samples for DNA DSBs and oxidative stress markers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liese Gilles
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Piroska Virag
- ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedesiu
- ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Department of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies Lab and Dental Medicine, Paris Descartes University - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bretonneau Hospital, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Radiobiology Unit, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lucas
- University of Namur, Research Institute for Life Sciences, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Radiobiology Unit, SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
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Martínez-Zaldívar C, Azaryah H, García-Santos JA, Demmelmair H, Altmäe S, Reischl E, Rzehak P, Koletzko B, Campoy C. Early nutrition in combination with polymorphisms in fatty acid desaturase gene cluster modulate fatty acid composition of cheek cells' glycerophospholipids in school-age children. Br J Nutr 2019; 122:S68-S79. [PMID: 31638497 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518002623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the human genes of fatty acid (FA) desaturase 1 (FADS1), 2 (FADS2) and 3 (FADS3) are associated with PUFA blood levels. We explored if maternal prenatal supplementation and children's genetic variation in seventeen SNP of the FADS1, FADS2 and FADS3 gene cluster influence twenty-one of the most relevant cheek cells' derived FA in glycerophospholipids (GPL-FA). The study was conducted in 147 Spanish and German mother-children pairs participating in the Nutraceuticals for a Healthier Life (NUHEAL) study at 8, 9 and 9·5 years. Linear and mixed model longitudinal regression analyses were performed. Maternal fish-oil (FO) or FO+5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) supplementation during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease of arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations in cheek cell GPL in the offspring, from 8 to 9·5 years; furthermore, maternal FO+5-MTHF supplementation was associated with higher n-6 docosapentaenoic acid concentrations in their children at age 8 years. FADS1 rs174556 polymorphism and different FADS2 genotypes were associated with higher concentrations of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in children; moreover, some FADS2 genotypes determined lower AA concentrations in children's cheek cells. It is suggested an interaction between type of prenatal supplementation and the offspring genetic background driving GPL-FA levels at school age. Prenatal FO supplementation, and/or with 5-MTHF, seems to stimulate n-3 and n-6 FA desaturation in the offspring, increasing long-chain PUFA concentrations at school age, but depending on children's FADS1 and FADS2 genotypes. These findings suggest potential early nutrition programming of FA metabolic pathways, but interacting with children's FADS polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martínez-Zaldívar
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Hatim Azaryah
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - José A García-Santos
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Hans Demmelmair
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Medical Centre, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Signe Altmäe
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Reischl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Rzehak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Medical Centre, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Medical Centre, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina Campoy
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Granada, Avda de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Network of Biomedical Research Centres on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Nwanaji-Enwerem JC, Cardenas A, Chai PR, Weisskopf MG, Baccarelli AA, Boyer EW. Relationships of Long-Term Smoking and Moist Snuff Consumption With a DNA Methylation Age Relevant Smoking Index: An Analysis in Buccal Cells. Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 21:1267-1273. [PMID: 30053132 PMCID: PMC6941707 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, there is no widely accepted, non-self-report measure that simultaneously reflects smoking behaviors and is molecularly informative of general disease processes. Recently, researchers developed a smoking index (SI) using nucleated blood cells and a multi-tissue DNA methylation-based predictor of chronological age and disease (DNA methylation age [DNAm-age]). To better understand the utility of this novel SI in readily accessible cell types, we used buccal cell DNA methylation to examine SI relationships with long-term tobacco smoking and moist snuff consumption. METHODS We used a publicly available dataset composed of buccal cell DNA methylation values from 120 middle-aged men (40 long-term smokers, 40 moist snuff consumers, and 40 nonsmokers). DNAm-age (353-CpGs) and SI (66-CpGs) were calculated using CpG sites measured using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. We estimated associations of tobacco consumption habits with both SI and DNAm-age using linear regression models adjusted for chronological age, race, and methylation technical covariates. RESULTS In fully adjusted models with nonsmokers as the reference, smoking (β = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.33, p < .0001) but not snuff consumption (β = .06, 95% CI = -0.19 to 0.32, p = .63) was significantly associated with SI. SI was an excellent predictor of smoking versus nonsmoking (area under the curve = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85 to 0.98). Four DNAm-age CpGs were differentially methylated between smokers and nonsmokers including cg14992253 [EIF3I], which has been previously shown to be differentially methylated with exposure to long-term fine-particle air pollution (PM2.5). CONCLUSIONS The 66-CpG SI appears to be a useful tool for measuring smoking-specific behaviors in buccal cells. Still, further research is needed to broadly confirm our findings and SI relationships with DNAm-age. IMPLICATIONS Our findings demonstrate that this 66-CpG blood-derived SI can reflect long-term tobacco smoking, but not long-term snuff consumption, in buccal cells. This evidence will be useful as the field works to identify an accurate non-self-report smoking biomarker that can be measured in an easily accessible tissue. Future research efforts should focus on (1) optimizing the relationship of the SI with DNAm-age so that the metric can maximize its utility as a tool for understanding general disease processes, and (2) determining normal values for the SI CpGs so that the measure is not as study sample specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaji C Nwanaji-Enwerem
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim HealthCare Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Peter R Chai
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marc G Weisskopf
- Department of Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Edward W Boyer
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Yoshida T, Terabe T, Nagai H, Uchida F, Hasegawa S, Nagao T, Miyabe S, Ishibashi‐Kanno N, Yamagata K, Warabi E, Gosho M, Yanagawa T, Bukawa H. Association between p62 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in oral leukoplakia. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:389-397. [PMID: 31452949 PMCID: PMC6704027 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral leukoplakia is keratinized lesions in the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingiva. It is the most common oral precancerous lesion; oxidative stresses and irrelevant autophagy have been reported to be the cause of oncogenesis. p62, a cytoplasmic protein induced by oxidative stress, is an adaptor protein involved in the formation of protein aggregates and induction and inhibition of autophagy. The inhibition of autophagy induces p62 overexpression and promotes oncogenesis via the oncogenic signaling pathway. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the involvement of intracellular expression of p62 in oral leukoplakia and to address its potential clinical implementation as a biomarker to predict malignant transformation. Material and Methods Fifty samples from subjects with confirmed oral leukoplakia were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for the expression of p62, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), Ki67, and p53. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between p62, 8-OHdG, Ki67, and p53 and clinical characteristics, including epithelial dysplasia. Results Significant associations were observed between p62 expression in the nucleus, p62 aggregation, and epithelial dysplasia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.28, 26.2]; .024 and OR = 6.16; 95% CI: [1.01, 37.4]; .048, respectively). The expression of p62 in the cytoplasm and the levels of 8-OHdG, Ki67, and p53 were not significantly associated with epithelial dysplasia. A significant relationship was found between p62 expression in the nucleus and p53 expression (OR = 3.94; 95% CI: [1.14, 13.6]; .031). Conclusions The results suggested that p62 expression in the nucleus and p62 aggregation can be potential markers to predict the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Yoshida
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human ScienceUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Yoshida Dental OfficeMedical Cooperation TokuekaiIshiokaJapan
| | - Takehito Terabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Association for Development of Community MedicineIshioka Daiichi HospitalIshiokaJapan
| | - Hiroki Nagai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Fumihiko Uchida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shogo Hasegawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryToyota Wakatake HospitalToyotaJapan
| | - Toru Nagao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Satoru Miyabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Naomi Ishibashi‐Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Kenji Yamagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Masahiko Gosho
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Hiroki Bukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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Casaroto AR, da Silva RA, Salmeron S, Rezende MLRD, Dionísio TJ, Santos CFD, Pinke KH, Klingbeil MFG, Salomão PA, Lopes MMR, Lara VS. Candida albicans-Cell Interactions Activate Innate Immune Defense in Human Palate Epithelial Primary Cells via Nitric Oxide (NO) and β-Defensin 2 (hBD-2). Cells 2019; 8:cells8070707. [PMID: 31336838 PMCID: PMC6678605 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of Candida albicans in the biofilm underlying the dental prosthesis is related to denture stomatitis (DS), an inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa. The oral epithelium, a component of the innate immune response, has the ability to react to fungal invasion. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro effect of viable C. albicans on the apoptosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, and β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) expression and production of human palate epithelial cells (HPECs). We further determined whether or not these effects were correlated with fungal invasion of epithelial cells. Interaction between HPEC primary culture and C. albicans was obtained through either direct or indirect cell–cell contact with a supernatant from a hyphal fungus. We found that the hyphae supernatants were sufficient to induce slight HPEC apoptosis, which occurred prior to the activation of the specific mechanisms of epithelial defense. The epithelial defense responses were found to occur via NO and antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 production only during direct contact between C. albicans and HPECs and coincided with the fungus’s intraepithelial invasion. However, although the hBD-2 levels remained constant in the HPEC supernatants over time, the NO release and hBD-2 gene expression were reduced at a later time (10 h), indicating that the epithelial defense capacity against the fungal invasion was not maintained in later phases. This aspect of the immune response was associated with increased epithelial invasion and apoptosis maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Regina Casaroto
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Alves da Silva
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Samira Salmeron
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Rubo de Rezende
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Henriette Pinke
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Aranda Salomão
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Milanda Ribeiro Lopes
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Cobanoglu H, Coskun M, Coskun M, Çayir A. Results of buccal micronucleus cytome assay in pesticide-exposed and non-exposed group. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:19676-19683. [PMID: 31079294 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Since many different pesticides have been used occupationally, there have been inconsistent results regarding DNA damages among greenhouse workers. Thus, the aim of the study is to evaluate DNA damages, cell death, and chromosomal instability by using the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMcyt) assay in greenhouse workers and to compare those with a non-exposed group. The BMcyt assay was applied to the exfoliated buccal cell samples collected from 66 pesticide-exposed and 50 non-exposed individuals. We evaluated the frequency of micronucleus (MN), nuclear bud (NBUD), binucleated (BN) cells, and karyolitic (KL), pyknotic (PY), and karyorrhectic (KH) cells. The results showed that the MN, BN, PY, and KH frequencies of the pesticide-exposed group were significantly higher than those of the controls (P ˂ 0.05, P ˂ 0.05, P ˂ 0.01, and P ˂ 0.05, respectively). We observed that the MN, BN, PY, and KH frequencies in the autumn were statistically different compared with those in the control group (P = 0.037 for MN, P = 0.001 for BN, P = 0.016 for PY, and P = 0.033 for KH). The same comparison was done in the spring for the control, and there was a statistically significant difference for MN (P = 0.046) and PY (P = 0.014). We can conclude that pesticide exposure in greenhouse workers was one of the factors that altered DNA damages, cell death, and chromosomal instability in oral mucosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayal Cobanoglu
- Health Services Vocational College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Munevver Coskun
- Health Services Vocational College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Coskun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioglu Campus, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Akin Çayir
- Health Services Vocational College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey.
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Benvindo-Souz M, Borges RE, Pacheco SM, Santos LRDS. Micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa of bats at different trophic levels. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 172:120-127. [PMID: 30690342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The micronucleus (MN) test in exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa is a relatively non-invasive method for the monitoring of populations exposed to genotoxic risks. In this study, the MN test was used as bats conservation strategy. The highest frequencies of micronuclei were recorded in the frugivorous bats sampled in both urban and agricultural environments, as well as in insectivorous bats from the urban zone. Female of this group (insectivorous) presented higher frequency of MN when compared to males. Other guilds showed no difference in gender assessments in each environment, as well as in the correlation between weight and MN. In addition to micronuclei, a number of other types of nuclear abnormality were recorded, including binucleated cells and karyolysis in the frugivores from the agricultural environment. Binucleated cells were also relatively common in urban frugivores and insectivores, and karyolysis was common in insectivores. Nectarivorous bats did not exhibit a significant increase in any type of nuclear abnormality in either environment. In summary, study results indicate that buccal mucosa of bats is a sensitive site for detecting micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities. However, more research is needed to indicate whether xenobiotic agents are affecting this cellular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Research Department, Institute Sauver and PCM Brazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Sotozono C, Inatomi T, Nakamura T, Koizumi N, Hamuro J, Kinoshita S. [Clinical study of autologous cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation for severe ocular surface disorders]. Nihon Rinsho 2019; 73 Suppl 5:447-451. [PMID: 30458095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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33
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Bryja A, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Celichowski P, Kocherova I, Nawrocki MJ, Chamier-Gliszczyńska A, Stefańska K, Mehr K, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Bruska M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Gene expression regulating lipopolysaccharide and lipid metabolic processes in porcine oral mucosal cells in long-term primary in vitro culture. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:695-706. [PMID: 31184088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are an alternative energy source for cells and provide structural integrity in cell membrane and their metabolism is regulated with the use of different pathways, such as integrin signalling, oxidative stress, mechanical stress, and pH changes. All of those processes take place in the oral mucosa which is subject to different environmental impacts. In this study, porcine buccal pouch mucosal cells (pBPMCs) were used during long-term primary in vitro culture. The cultured cells were collected at 7, 15 and 30 days of IVC and subsequently transferred to RNA isolation. In the results of the following microarray analysis, we analyzed the genes detected, belonging to ontology groups, such as "cellular lipid metabolic process", "response to lipid" and "response to lipopolysaccharides. All of the genes involved in these ontological groups were expressed at higher levels at 7 days of IVC and substantially decreased in expression at days 15 and 30 of primary culture. We observed new genes, which may be recognized as markers in regulation of lipid metabolism in mucosal cells in vitro. The results suggested that the biochemical mechanism-involved lipids were accompanied by increased enzymatic activation and synthesis of crucial growth factors reaching high activity at day 7 of culture, which is also well documented as a stage of tissue regeneration period within oral mucosa. Therefore, this "biochemical fingerprint" may be an additional checkpoint of the integrity, resistance and easy adaptability of oral tissues, which are important conditions of success in tissue engineering and grafting for tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bryja
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - I Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M J Nawrocki
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - A Chamier-Gliszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Stefańska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Mehr
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - P Antosik
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - D Bukowska
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | | | - M Bruska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Cruz-Esquivel Á, Marrugo-Negrete J, Calao-Ramos C. Genetic damage in human populations at mining sites in the upper basin of the San Jorge River, Colombia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:10961-10971. [PMID: 30788698 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Contamination with mining wastes affects the environmental health and public, especially the human populations that live in these environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity and levels of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in blood samples from human populations exposed to mining activities in the upper basin of the San Jorge River. A total of 100 individuals participated in the study, 50 as an exposed group (Bocas de Ure = 15 individuals, Mina el Alacrán = 19 individuals, Torno Rojo = 16 individuals) and 50 individuals participated as the control group. Hg and As contents in blood samples were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A comet assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes and a micronucleus (MN) cytome assay (BMCyt) in exfoliated buccal cells were used to assess the effects of exposure to heavy metals on human communities located in mining areas. Higher concentrations of Hg and As were observed in human populations located in mining areas. The comet assay and BMCyt data revealed DNA damage and cell death in human communities located in mining areas. A positive association between blood arsenic and genetic damage was found. These data confirm the public health risk of the population near mining sites. Our findings suggest that populations that live at sites close to mining activities have high contents of heavy metals and genotoxic effects, representing a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Cruz-Esquivel
- Water, Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 354, Colombia.
| | - José Marrugo-Negrete
- Laboratory Toxicology and Environmental Management, University of Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 354, Colombia
| | - Clelia Calao-Ramos
- Laboratory Toxicology and Environmental Management, University of Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 354, Colombia
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35
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Bryja A, Popis M, Borowiec B, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Kocherova I, Angelova-Volponi A, Mehr K, Bruska M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Overview of the different methods used in the primary culture of oral mucosa cells. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:397-401. [PMID: 30887798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The culture of primary cells in vitro has enabled to gain knowledge in the field of cell biology, disease mechanisms and to offer great potential in drug testing. To date, two main techniques of isolating and culturing oral mucosal cells, the direct explant method and the enzymatic method, dominate the literature and practice. In the present study, both techniques are discussed in detail, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches in setting up a primary culture of oral mucosal cell. The direct explant technique is well-established and has been commonly used for the past 20-30 years. Although the method of setting up the cultures did not show much variations in the methodology described by authors, the culturing conditions varied according to the aims of the projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bryja
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Popis
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Borowiec
- IDepartment of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - I Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - A Angelova-Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty for Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Mehr
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Bruska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kawakami S, Shiota M, Kon K, Shimogishi M, Kasugai S. The Effect of Dissociated Soft Tissue on Osteogenesis: A Preliminary In Vitro Study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2019; 34:651–657. [PMID: 30807626 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.7021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of dissociated soft tissue on bone marrow cell proliferation and differentiation under osteogenic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat bone marrow cells were cultured to assess the stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Harvested palatal mucosa was dissociated using a device (Rigenera; Human Brain Wave) and the dissociated soft tissue was cultured with rat bone marrow cells. Cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralized nodule formation were assessed after 2 or 5 days of culturing. Bone marrow cell proliferation was assessed by quantifying the absorbance of a water-soluble tetrazolium salt using a cell proliferation assay kit. Bone marrow cell differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Mineralized nodule formation was assessed by Alizarin red staining. RESULTS At day 2, cell proliferation, osteoblast specific gene expression, and mineralized nodule formation were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Alkaline phosphatase staining was also higher in the experimental group on day 2. Mineralized nodule formation area and osteoblast specific gene expression were also statistically higher in the experimental group on day 5. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that dissociated soft tissue elevates bone marrow cell proliferation and differentiation under osteogenic conditions.
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Lu CH, Muenzel S, Fleischer JW. High-resolution light-field imaging via phase space retrieval. Appl Opt 2019; 58:A142-A146. [PMID: 30873971 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.00a142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
By combining a high-resolution image from a standard camera with a low-resolution light-field image from a lenslet array, we numerically reconstruct a high-resolution light-field image. We experimentally demonstrate the method by creating a high-definition 3D image of a human cheek cell with a commercially available microscope.
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Barrett AW, Boyapati RP, Bisase BS, Norris PM, Shelley MJ, Collyer J, Sneddon KJ, Gulati A. Verruciform Xanthoma of the Oral Mucosa: A Series of Eight Typical and Three Anomalous Cases. Int J Surg Pathol 2019; 27:492-498. [PMID: 30727785 DOI: 10.1177/1066896919827374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this series, there are 8 typical verruciform xanthomas of the oral mucosa and 3 anomalies, 1 polypoid, 1 florid, and 1 carcinomatous. All were characterized by infiltrates of CD68-positive xanthomatous histiocytes in the lamina propria. The 11 patients comprised 6 men and 5 women (mean age = 54.5 years, range = 40-69). Both keratinized and nonkeratinized sites were affected. A history of lichenoid inflammation was recorded in 5 patients. The polypoid xanthoma presented in a woman aged 54 years as a polyp of the labial commissure. The florid lesion affected the dorsum of the tongue of a man aged 54 years and at 20 mm was the largest of the 11 lesions, but the only one with candidal infection. The squamous cell carcinoma manifested as a papilloverrucous hyperkeratosis of the palatal gingiva in a man aged 69 years. The latter 2 (and 1 "typical" verruciform xanthoma) required re-excision, but none has since recurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Barrett
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - R P Boyapati
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - B S Bisase
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - P M Norris
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - M J Shelley
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - J Collyer
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - K J Sneddon
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - A Gulati
- 1 Queen Victoria Hospital NHSF Trust, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
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Saenen ND, Provost EB, Cuypers A, Kicinski M, Pieters N, Plusquin M, Vrijens K, De Boever P, Nawrot TS. Child's buccal cell mitochondrial DNA content modifies the association between heart rate variability and recent air pollution exposure at school. Environ Int 2019; 123:39-49. [PMID: 30496980 PMCID: PMC6329889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and heart rate variability (HRV) suggest that particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with reductions in measures of HRV. Mitochondria are sensitive to PM exposure and may represent a biologically relevant underlying mechanism. However, evidence in children is lacking. OBJECTIVES Here we examine whether PM has an influence on children's HRV and evaluate whether mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) reflects individual susceptibility. METHODS Within a panel study in primary school children (aged 9-12 years), we measured HRV in a subset of 60 children on three different days during school-time using four indicators: normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), square root of mean squared difference of normal-to-normal intervals (rMSSD), high frequency (HF), and low frequency (LF). This resulted in a total number of 150 visits (median number of visits per child: 2.5/child). MtDNAc was measured using qPCR in buccal cells. We measured recent PM exposure at the school. Residential 24-hour mean exposure to PM was modelled with a high resolution spatial temporal model. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the association between HRV and recent PM exposure and potential effect-modification by mtDNAc. RESULTS Children were on average [SD] 9.9 [1.2] years and comprised 39 girls. Median [25th-75th] recent outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 exposure at school was 6.20 [2.8-12.8] μg/m3 and 29.3 [24.7-42.0] μg/m3, respectively. In children with low mtDNAc (25th percentile), we observed for each 10 μg/m3 increment in recent PM2.5 exposure a lowering in the LF parameter with 9.76% (95% CI: -16.9 to -1.99%, p = 0.02; pint = 0.007). Children with high mtDNAc did not show this association. For PM10 exposure, we observed an inverse association with three HRV indicators in children with low mtDNAc: -2.24% (95% CI: -4.27 to -0.16%; p = 0.04; pint = 0.02) for SDNN, -5.67% (95% CI: -10.5 to -0.59%; p = 0.03; pint = 0.04) for HF and -6.64% (95% CI: -10.7 to -2.38%; p = 0.003; pint = 0.005) for LF. CONCLUSIONS HRV is inversely associated with recent PM air pollution, especially in children with low mtDNAc. Our data revealed that mtDNAc determines susceptibility to adverse autonomic effects of recent PM exposure in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly D Saenen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eline B Provost
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Unit Environmental Risk & Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michal Kicinski
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nicky Pieters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Unit Environmental Risk & Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven, Belgium.
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Benvindo-Souza M, Borges RE, Pacheco SM, Santos LRDS. Genotoxicological analyses of insectivorous bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in central Brazil: The oral epithelium as an indicator of environmental quality. Environ Pollut 2019; 245:504-509. [PMID: 30458380 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The micronucleus (MN) test of the human buccal mucosa was developed more than 30 years ago, although this technique has only recently been applied to wild mammals. This paper presents a pioneering study in the genotoxicological evaluation of the exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa of bats. The assay was applied to two insectivorous bat species (Noctilio albiventris and Pteronotus parnellii) sampled in riparian corridors located in the city of Palmas (capital of the Brazilian state of Tocantins), with the results being compared with those obtained for a third insectivorous species (Nyctinomops laticaudatus), which has established a colony under a road bridge in the same region. This colony represents one of the largest molossidae populations ever recorded in Brazil. A significantly higher frequency of micronuclei was recorded in this colony, as well as a number of other nuclear abnormalities, including binucleated cells, cells with condensed chromatin and karyolysis, in comparison with the bats from the riparian corridors, indicating that the bats from the bridge colony are more susceptible to genotoxic damage. Thus, it is demonstrated the importance of the biomarker (MN) for use in wild animals and allows to conclude that colony bats are more susceptible to genotoxic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Research Department, Institute Sauver and PCMBrazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Agrawal S, Bhattacharya A, Manhas J, Kholakiya Y, Khera N, Roychoudhury A, Sen S. Increased Mucin Expression in Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cells in vitro: A Potential New Role of Mycophenolate Mofetil. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2018; 43:132-138. [PMID: 30488399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autologous cultured explants of human oral mucosal epithelial cells (OMEC) are a potential therapeutic modality in patients of bilateral ocular surface disease (OSD) with incapacitating dry eye. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been found to upregulate the mucin production in conjunctival goblet cells in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of MMF on mucin expression in primary cultures of OMEC. METHODS With informed consent, oral mucosal epithelial tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing oral surgery for non-malignant conditions. OMEC were cultured on human amniotic membrane (HAM) scaffold for 2 weeks. Mucin expression was quantified using RT-PCR and qPCR before and after treating cultured OMEC with MMF. RESULTS Morphological studies revealed a confluent sheet of proliferating, stratified oral mucosal epithelial cells. Mucin mRNAs were elucidated by RT-PCR. Compared to untreated controls, MUC1, MUC15 and MUC16 mRNAs and MUC1 protein expression were found to be upregulated in MMF treated primary cultures of OMEC, as assessed by qPCR and immunocytochemistry respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that MMF can act as a novel enhancer of mucin production in OMEC in vitro. It has the potential to improve dry eye in patients undergoing OMEC transplantation for bilateral OSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sudip Sen
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India:
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Aguiar Torres L, Dos Santos Rodrigues A, Linhares D, Camarinho R, Nunes Páscoa Soares Rego ZM, Ventura Garcia P. Buccal epithelial cell micronuclei: Sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers of occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2018; 838:54-58. [PMID: 30678828 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We have evaluated buccal epithelial cell micronucleus formation as a biomarker of genotoxic damage following occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation. Buccal epithelial cells were collected from 42 occupationally exposed medical personnel and 39 non-exposed individuals (reference group). Each individual in the exposed group was routinely monitored with a personal radiation badge. The frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) was significantly higher in the exposed group (5.26 vs. 1.33 MNC/2000 cells) and correlated strongly with accumulated radiation dose (Annual Deep Dose, mSv). Occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation was associated with an 80% relative increase in the frequency of MNC (MRR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-2.8), suggesting that such exposures cause DNA damage. This non-invasive biomonitoring method should be generally applicable to studies of workers who are exposed occupationally to low doses of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armindo Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Diana Linhares
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Camarinho
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | | | - Patrícia Ventura Garcia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; cE3c-ABG, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes /Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Variety of substances such as tobacco, UV radiation, infrared rays, X-radiations, and chemicals on oral induction results in chromosomal aberrations and production of micronucleus (MN). Among them, tobacco-specific nitrosamines are potent mutagenic agents causing oral cancer. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to compare the genotoxicity in buccal mucosal cells, i.e. the MN count of all groups and to find the incidence of micronucleated cells (MNCs) in accordance to duration and frequency of tobacco usage and timing of contact of tobacco in the oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individuals without any oral diseases were divided into 3 groups having 25 in each group: smoking, chewing, and control. Smears were made from buccal exfoliated cells and stained with DNA-specific Feulgen stain. Frequency on MNC per 500 cells was assessed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD multiple comparisons test and mean rank with Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS The mean micronucleus MN revealed that chewers had 8.00, smokers had 7.20 and controls had 0.4. The ANOVA test for mean frequency of micronucleated cell MNC revealed High significance (<0.001) for between groups comparison. The mean rank by Kruskal Wallis test revealed the MNC increases as the duration and frequency of habit increases. An increase in MNC in accordance to time of contact with buccal mucosa increases as the duration and time increases. CONCLUSION Estimation of MN serve as an indicator of genetic damage and points that tobacco in chewing form induce genotoxic effect. This is studied in an easily accessible tissue- buccal mucosa in a non invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saraswathi Gopal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Padma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kapadia JM, Agarwal AR, Mishra S, Joneja P, Yusuf AS, Choudhary DS. Cytotoxic and Genotoxic effect on the Buccal Mucosa Cells of Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:1358-1362. [PMID: 30602641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the presence of metal ions and deoxyribonucleic acid damage on the cells of buccal mucosa in subjects scheduled to undergo fixed orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty patients scheduled to undergo orthodontic treatment were included in the present study. Samples were collected from buccal mucosa of the subjects at five different intervals: before the starting of the fixed appliance therapy, 5 months after the insertion of the appliance, 10 months after insertion of the appliance, 15 months after insertion of the appliance and 20 months after insertion of the appliance. Flow cytometry was further used for assessment of apoptosis. Comet assay was used for evaluating the metal ions associated deoxyribonucleic acid ((DNA) damage of buccal epithelial cells. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used for measuring the nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) levels in the cells of the buccal mucosa. Analysis of data was done by SPSS software version 16.0. RESULTS A significant increase in the Ni, Cr and Zn concentra -tion during orthodontic treatment was observed. A progressive non-significant decrease in the percentage of viable cells from a baseline value to the end of the treatment was observed. A significant increase in the head diameter, DNA in tail and tail length, starting from the pretreatment value to the end of orthodontic treatment, was also observed. CONCLUSION Timely checking of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and nuclear changes should be done for detecting earlier adverse changes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In patients wearing orthodontic appliances, no clinical impact occurs by wearing fixed appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Mh Kapadia
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Phone: +919501544877, e-mail:
| | - Anshu R Agarwal
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Samvit Mishra
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Purva Joneja
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Asad S Yusuf
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Barielly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak S Choudhary
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Linhares DPS, Garcia PV, Silva C, Barroso J, Kazachkova N, Pereira R, Lima M, Camarinho R, Ferreira T, Dos Santos Rodrigues A. DNA damage in oral epithelial cells of individuals chronically exposed to indoor radon ( 222Rn) in a hydrothermal area. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:1713-1724. [PMID: 27830439 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal areas are potentially hazardous to humans as volcanic gases such as radon (222Rn) are continuously released from soil diffuse degassing. Exposure to radon is estimated to be the second leading cause of lung cancer, but little is known about radon health-associated risks in hydrothermal regions. This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the DNA damage in the buccal epithelial cells of individuals chronically exposed to indoor radon in a volcanic area (Furnas volcano, Azores, Portugal) with a hydrothermal system. Buccal epithelial cells were collected from 33 individuals inhabiting the hydrothermal area (Ribeira Quente village) and from 49 individuals inhabiting a non-hydrothermal area (Ponta Delgada city). Indoor radon was measured with Ramon 2.2 detectors. Chromosome damage was measured by micronucleus cytome assay, and RAPD-PCR was used as a complementary tool to evaluate DNA damage, using three 10-mer primers (D11, F1 and F12). Indoor radon concentration correlated positively with the frequency of micronucleated cells (r s = 0.325, p = 0.003). Exposure to radon is a risk factor for the occurrence micronucleated cells in the inhabitants of the hydrothermal area (RR = 1.71; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4; p = 0.003). One RAPD-PCR primer (F12) produced differences in the banding pattern, a fact that can indicate its potential for detecting radon-induced specific genomic alterations. The observed association between chronic exposure to indoor radon and the occurrence of chromosome damage in human oral epithelial cells evidences the usefulness of biological surveillance to assess mutations involved in pre-carcinogenesis in hydrothermal areas, reinforcing the need for further studies with human populations living in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Paula Silva Linhares
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
- CVARG, Center for Volcanology and Geological Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Ventura Garcia
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Catarina Silva
- CVARG, Center for Volcanology and Geological Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- CIVISA, Center for Information and Seismovolcanic Surveillance of the Azores, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Joana Barroso
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Nadya Kazachkova
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Pereira
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Manuela Lima
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Camarinho
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Department of Geosciences, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- CVARG, Center for Volcanology and Geological Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
| | - Armindo Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
- CVARG, Center for Volcanology and Geological Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal
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Dash KC, Nishat R, Kumar H, Mishra S, Raghuvanshi M, Bajoria A. Comparative Study of Micronuclei Count in Patients with Different Tobacco-related Habits using Exfoliated Buccal Epithelial Cells: A Tool for Assessment of Genotoxicity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:1076-1081. [PMID: 30287707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study and compare the genotoxic effects of tobacco using micronuclei count in individuals with different tobacco-related habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was done comprising 200 individuals, divided into four groups. Group I: 50 subjects with history of tobacco chewing, group II: 50 subjects with a history of smoking tobacco, group III: 50 subjects with a history of both tobacco chewing and smoking, and group IV: 50 subjects without any habits as controls (age-matched). The study groups were individually further divided into three subgroups which comprised of subjects with history of substance abuse for less than 5, 5 to 10, and greater than 10 years. Exfoliated cells from the buccal mucosa of the subjects were collected and stained using Giemsa stain. A total of 1,000 cells were examined for each case and micronuclei frequency was scored according to the guidelines given by Tolbert et al. Results: The mean number of micronuclei count was 18.28 ± 10.0 in group I (smokeless tobacco users), 11.38 ± 6.3 in group II (subjects with history of tobacco smoking), 22.44 ± 9.8 in group III (subjects with history of using both smokeless and smokable form of tobacco), and 4.86 ± 2.4 in the control group. The statistical difference was found to be highly significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, based on the duration, highly significant difference was notable in the mean number of micronuclei in subjects who had a history of substance abuse for more than 10 years. CONCLUSION A significantly higher micronucleus frequency was found in smokeless tobacco users than in smokers and controls. Micronuclei assay in the exfoliated buccal cells is a useful and minimally invasive method for monitoring early genotoxic damage. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Micronuclei assay can be used to detect genotoxic damage at the earliest and, if intervened at this point, may prevent frank malignancy, morbidity, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash C Dash
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Phone: +919437902199, e-mail:
| | - Roquaiya Nishat
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Silpiranjan Mishra
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Malvika Raghuvanshi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Atul Bajoria
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Bryja A, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Huang Y, Celichowski P, Nawrocki MJ, Jankowski M, Błochowiak K, Mehr K, Ramlau P, Nowicki A, Bukowska D, Antosik P, Osmola K, Bruska M, Zabel M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. Genes involved in regulation of cellular metabolic processes, signaling and adhesion are the markers of porcine buccal pouch mucosal cells long-term primary cultured in vitro. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1129-1141. [PMID: 30334405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extraordinary abilities for continuous proliferation and differentiation, associated with constant renewal triggered by stimulation from the mastication process, together with the relative lack of aesthetic complications associated with post-surgery healing, have highlighted buccal pouch mucosa as a potential source of explants that could be used in transplantation and tissue engineering. Additionally, this tissue plays a major role in the oral drug delivery process, which brings special interest to its molecular properties in the context of new drug development. There is therefore a need to analyse the exact mechanisms of oral mucosa functioning, especially when it comes to the processes that are associated with the potential clinical applications. In this study we analysed a complete transcriptome of long-term in vitro cultures of porcine buccal pouch oral mucosa cells. Using a microarray approach, we focused on genes associated with cellular metabolic processes, signalling and adhesion, from 4 gene ontology groups: "Positive regulation of cellular component movement", "Positive regulation of cellular process", "Positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction" and "Single organism cell adhesion". Nineteen genes (CCL8, CXCL2, PLK2, DUSP5, PTGS2, LIF, CCL2, ATP1B1, REL, ITGB3, SCARB1, UGCG, PDPN, LYN, ETS1, FCER1G, TGFB1, RFC4, LMO2) with fold changes higher than |2| and p value Extraordinary abilities for continuous proliferation and differentiation, associated with constant renewal triggered by stimulation from the mastication process, together with the relative lack of aesthetic complications associated with post-surgery healing, have highlighted buccal pouch mucosa as a potential source of explants that could be used in transplantation and tissue engineering. Additionally, this tissue plays a major role in the oral drug delivery process, which brings special interest to its molecular properties in the context of new drug development. There is therefore a need to analyse the exact mechanisms of oral mucosa functioning, especially when it comes to the processes that are associated with the potential clinical applications. In this study we analysed a complete transcriptome of long-term in vitro cultures of porcine buccal pouch oral mucosa cells. Using a microarray approach, we focused on genes associated with cellular metabolic processes, signalling and adhesion, from 4 gene ontology groups: "Positive regulation of cellular component movement", "Positive regulation of cellular process", "Positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction" and "Single organism cell adhesion". Nineteen genes (CCL8, CXCL2, PLK2, DUSP5, PTGS2, LIF, CCL2, ATP1B1, REL, ITGB3, SCARB1, UGCG, PDPN, LYN, ETS1, FCER1G, TGFB1, RFC4, LMO2) with fold changes higher than |2| and p value less than 0.05 were identified, described in context and analysed. While the study needs much further validation to become applicable in a clinical environment, it yields valuable information about the transcriptomic basis of oral mucosal cell functioning in vitro, that might serve as a reference for further research, aiming to apply this knowledge in clinical situations.0.05 were identified, described in context and analysed. While the study needs much further validation to become applicable in a clinical environment, it yields valuable information about the transcriptomic basis of oral mucosal cell functioning in vitro, that might serve as a reference for further research, aiming to apply this knowledge in clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bryja
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Y Huang
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - P Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M J Nawrocki
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Błochowiak
- Department of Oral Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Mehr
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Ramlau
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - A Nowicki
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - D Bukowska
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - P Antosik
- Veterinary Center, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - K Osmola
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - M Bruska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - M Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Czech Republic
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48
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Hustler A, Eardley I, Hinley J, Pearson J, Wezel F, Radvanyi F, Baker SC, Southgate J. Differential transcription factor expression by human epithelial cells of buccal and urothelial derivation. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:284-294. [PMID: 29842880 PMCID: PMC6092173 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Identification of transcription factors expressed by differentiated cells is informative not only of tissue-specific pathways, but to help identify master regulators for cellular reprogramming. If applied, such an approach could generate healthy autologous tissue-specific cells for clinical use where cells from the homologous tissue are unavailable due to disease. Normal human epithelial cells of buccal and urothelial derivation maintained in identical culture conditions that lacked significant instructive or permissive signaling cues were found to display inherent similarities and differences of phenotype. Investigation of transcription factors implicated in driving urothelial-type differentiation revealed buccal epithelial cells to have minimal or absent expression of PPARG, GATA3 and FOXA1 genes. Retroviral overexpression of protein coding sequences for GATA3 or PPARy1 in buccal epithelial cells resulted in nuclear immunolocalisation of the respective proteins, with both transductions also inducing expression of the urothelial differentiation-associated claudin 3 tight junction protein. PPARG1 overexpression alone entrained expression of nuclear FOXA1 and GATA3 proteins, providing objective evidence of its upstream positioning in a transcription factor network and identifying it as a candidate factor for urothelial-type transdifferentiation or reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Hustler
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Eardley
- Pyrah Department of Urology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Hinley
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Pearson
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Wezel
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Francois Radvanyi
- Oncologie Moléculaire, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Simon C Baker
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Southgate
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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Idolo A, Grassi T, Bagordo F, Panico A, De Giorgi M, Serio F, Guido M, Piscitelli P, De Filippis G, Raho A, De Donno A. Micronuclei in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of Children Living in a Cluster Area of Salento (Southern Italy) with a High Incidence of Lung Cancer: The IMP.AIR Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15081659. [PMID: 30081588 PMCID: PMC6121539 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
During the years 2014–2016 the University of Salento performed the “Impact of Air Quality on Health of Residents in the Municipalities of Cutrofiano, Galatina, Sogliano Cavour, Soleto and Sternatia” (IMP.AIR) study, an epidemiological-molecular research project aiming to evaluate early DNA damage in children living in an area of Salento with high incidence of lung cancer among the male population. One hundred and twenty-two children aged 6–8 years attending primary school were enrolled and the frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) in oral mucosa was evaluated. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to parents to obtain information about personal data, anthropometric characteristics and lifestyles (physical activity, food habits, family context) of the children and perform a multivariate analysis to detect any factors associated with MNC occurrence. Data on airborne pollutants detected in the study area were acquired by the Regional Agency for the Environmental Protection. The presence of MNC was highlighted in about 42% of children with a mean MNC frequency of 0.49‰. The frequency of MNC was associated to obesity, consumption of red or processed meat and having a mother who smokes. Moreover, the prevalence of biomarkers was higher than in another area of Salento not included in the cluster area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Idolo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Grassi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bagordo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Panico
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Mattia De Giorgi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesca Serio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Marcello Guido
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- Interuniversity Research Centre on Influenza and other Tnsmitted Infections (CIRI-IT), 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Prisco Piscitelli
- Local Health Authority ASL LE, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute, 72100 Brindisi, Italy.
| | | | | | - Antonella De Donno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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50
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Kamaguchi M, Iwata H, Ujiie H, Natsuga K, Nishie W, Kitagawa Y, Shimizu H. High Expression of Collagen XVII Compensates for its Depletion Induced by Pemphigoid IgG in the Oral Mucosa. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1707-1715. [PMID: 29530535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The basement membrane zone consists of multiple components, including collagen XVII (COL17), which is the target of bullous pemphigoid. To our knowledge, no research has addressed the differences in basement membrane zone components between the skin and oral mucosa; therefore, we investigated the basement membrane zone proteins, with a focus on COL17. The mRNA and protein expression levels of COL17 were significantly higher in oral keratinocytes than in skin keratinocytes. Hemidesmosomal COL17 expression was markedly higher in oral keratinocytes than in skin keratinocytes, and its level was associated with adhesion strength. Oral keratinocytes adhered to the extracellular matrix more tightly than did skin keratinocytes in vitro. Based on these results, we attempt to explain the clinical diversity of bullous pemphigoid. COL17 depletion was more prominent in skin keratinocytes than in oral keratinocytes after treatment with COL17-NC16A mAbs, which have in vivo pathogenicity. COL17 C-terminus mAbs, which are not pathogenic, facilitated COL17 depletion in combination treatment with COL17-NC16A mAbs in both types of keratinocytes. In summary, the greater amount of COL17 in oral keratinocytes than in skin keratinocytes is associated with the higher strength of oral keratinocyte hemidesmosomal adhesion at the basement membrane zone. Our results may explain why bullous pemphigoid blistering tends to be more prevalent in the skin than in the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Kamaguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Ujiie
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ken Natsuga
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishie
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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