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Jin Z, Cao Y, Wen Q, Zhang H, Fang Z, Zhao Q, Xi Y, Luo Z, Jiang H, Zhang Z, Hang J. Dapagliflozin ameliorates diabetes-induced spermatogenic dysfunction by modulating the adenosine metabolism along the gut microbiota-testis axis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:641. [PMID: 38182877 PMCID: PMC10770392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Dapagliflozin is widely used to manage the type II DM. This study aimed to assess the dapagliflozin's effects on the spermatogenesis by administering either dapagliflozin (Dapa) or vehicle (db) to male db/db mice, and using littermate male db/m mice as the control (Con). We further performed the integrative analyses of the cecal shotgun metagenomics, cecal/plasmatic/testicular metabolomics, and testicular proteomics. We found that dapagliflozin treatment significantly alleviated the diabetes-induced spermatogenic dysfunction by improving sperm quality, including the sperm concentration and sperm motility. The overall microbial composition was reshaped in Dapa mice and 13 species (such as Lachnospiraceae bacterium 3-1) were regarded as potential beneficial bacteria. Metabolites exhibited modified profiles, in which adenosine, cAMP, and 2'-deoxyinosine being notably altered in the cecum, plasma, and testis, respectively. Testicular protein expression patterns were similar between the Dapa and Con mice. In vivo results indicated that when compared with db group, dapagliflozin treatment alleviated apoptosis and oxidative stress in testis tissues by down-regulating 2'-deoxyinosine. This was further validated by in vitro experiments using GC-2 cells. Our findings support the potential use of dapagliflozin to prevent the diabetes-induced impaired sperm quality and to treat diabetic male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirun Jin
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Urology, Department of Andrology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yalei Cao
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhuofan Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Xi
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhichao Luo
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Urology, Department of Andrology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jing Hang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China.
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Camici M, Garcia-Gil M, Pesi R, Allegrini S, Tozzi MG. Purine-Metabolising Enzymes and Apoptosis in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091354. [PMID: 31547393 PMCID: PMC6769685 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzymes of both de novo and salvage pathways for purine nucleotide synthesis are regulated to meet the demand of nucleic acid precursors during proliferation. Among them, the salvage pathway enzymes seem to play the key role in replenishing the purine pool in dividing and tumour cells that require a greater amount of nucleotides. An imbalance in the purine pools is fundamental not only for preventing cell proliferation, but also, in many cases, to promote apoptosis. It is known that tumour cells harbour several mutations that might lead to defective apoptosis-inducing pathways, and this is probably at the basis of the initial expansion of the population of neoplastic cells. Therefore, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that lead to apoptosis of tumoural cells is key to predicting the possible success of a drug treatment and planning more effective and focused therapies. In this review, we describe how the modulation of enzymes involved in purine metabolism in tumour cells may affect the apoptotic programme. The enzymes discussed are: ectosolic and cytosolic 5'-nucleotidases, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, and inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, as well as recently described enzymes particularly expressed in tumour cells, such as deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine triphosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Camici
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biochimica, Via S. Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Fisiologia Generale, Via S. Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Pesi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biochimica, Via S. Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Allegrini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biochimica, Via S. Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tozzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biochimica, Via S. Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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Zhu Z, Zhou J, Xiong X, Liu D, Zheng Y, Ding X, Du Y, Gu N, Wu Y, Song X. Prognostic value of serum liver enzymes in oral and oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 48:36-42. [PMID: 30447114 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum liver enzymes, which catalyze relevant catabolic pathways, have been indicated to be diagnostic and prognostic tools for several malignant tumors. The correlation between serum liver enzymes levels and survival in patients with oral and oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is still absent. Here, we conducted a study focusing on predictive value of serum liver enzymes in terms of prognosis in the patients. METHODS A retrospective study including 134 OSCC patients from years 2009 to 2014 was performed to investigate the association between levels of pre-treatment serum liver enzymes, various clinical parameters and prognostic outcomes, which are overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Log-rank tests with Kaplan-Meier method were used to detect potential prognostic biomarkers. Multivariate analyses by Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify significant predictors of prognosis. RESULTS Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) level was associated with patients' OS and DFS by univariate analyses (P = 0.006 and P = 0.024, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed that higher serum ADA (>17.2 U/L) (P = 0.019) as well as positive lymph node status (P = 0.035) independently predicted worse OS of patients with OSCC. In addition, older age (≥60 years) (P = 0.043) and positive lymph node status (P = 0.027) were independently prognostic parameters for poorer DFS. CONCLUSIONS Pre-operative serum ADA levels may serve as a reliable independent prognostic predictor for OS in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiou Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junbo Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianbin Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Emerging Role of Purine Metabolizing Enzymes in Brain Function and Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113598. [PMID: 30441833 PMCID: PMC6274932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing evidence of the involvement of purine compounds in signaling, of nucleotide imbalance in tumorigenesis, the discovery of purinosome and its regulation, cast new light on purine metabolism, indicating that well known biochemical pathways may still surprise. Adenosine deaminase is important not only to preserve functionality of immune system but also to ensure a correct development and function of central nervous system, probably because its activity regulates the extracellular concentration of adenosine and therefore its function in brain. A lot of work has been done on extracellular 5′-nucleotidase and its involvement in the purinergic signaling, but also intracellular nucleotidases, which regulate the purine nucleotide homeostasis, play unexpected roles, not only in tumorigenesis but also in brain function. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) appears to have a role in the purinosome formation and, therefore, in the regulation of purine synthesis rate during cell cycle with implications in brain development and tumors. The final product of purine catabolism, uric acid, also plays a recently highlighted novel role. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathological manifestations of purine dysmetabolisms, focusing on the newly described/hypothesized roles of cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase II, adenosine kinase, adenosine deaminase, HPRT, and xanthine oxidase.
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Abstract
Several physiological functions of adenosine (Ado) appear to be mediated by four G protein-coupled Ado receptors. Ado is produced extracellularly from the catabolism of the excreted ATP, or intracellularly from AMP, and then released through its transporter. High level of intracellular Ado occurs only at low energy charge, as an intermediate of ATP breakdown, leading to hypoxanthine production. AMP, the direct precursor of Ado, is now considered as an important stress signal inside cell triggering metabolic regulation through activation of a specific AMP-dependent protein kinase. Intracellular Ado produced from AMP by allosterically regulated nucleotidases can be regarded as a stress signal as well. To study the receptor-independent effects of Ado, several experimental approaches have been proposed, such as inhibition or silencing of key enzymes of Ado metabolism, knockdown of Ado receptors in animals, the use of antagonists, or cell treatment with deoxyadenosine, which is substrate of the enzymes acting on Ado, but is unable to interact with Ado receptors. In this way, it was demonstrated that, among other functions, intracellular Ado modulates angiogenesis by regulating promoter methylation, induces hypothermia, promotes apoptosis in sympathetic neurons, and, in the case of oxygen and glucose deprivation, exerts a cytoprotective effect by replenishing the ATP pool.
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Gupta P, Rosy R, Goyal RN. A carbon ion beam irradiated MWCNT/AuNPs composite sensor for a sensitive assay of purine-nucleosides of DNA. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18970e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensor for purine nucleosides has been developed using irradiation with high energy carbon ion beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Rosy Rosy
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Rajendra N. Goyal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
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Amanlou M, Saboury AA, Bazl R, Ganjali MR, Sheibani S. Adenosine deaminase activity modulation by some street drug: molecular docking simulation and experimental investigation. Daru 2014; 22:42. [PMID: 24887139 PMCID: PMC4028107 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme that plays important roles in proliferation, maturation, function and development of the immune system. ADA activity may be altered by variety of substances including synthetic or natural products. Morphine, cocaine and their analogs exert immune suppressive activities by decreasing immune system function. The purpose of this study is to confirm that this possible effect may be modulated by interaction of these substances with ADA activity by experimental and computational method. METHODS The structural changes in ADA have been studied in presence of cocaine, ethylmorphine, homatropine, morphine and thebaine by determination of ADA hydrolytic activity, circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy in different concentrations. Docking study was performed to evaluate interaction method of test compound with ADA active site using AutoDock4 software. RESULTS According to in-vitro studies all compounds inhibited ADA with different potencies, however thebaine activated it at concentration below 50 μM, ethylmorphine inhibited ADA at 35 μM. Moreover, fluorescence spectra patterns were differed from compounds based on structural resemblance which were very considerable for cocaine and homatropine. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirms that opioids and some other stimulant drugs such as cocaine can alter immune function in illegal drug abusers. These findings may lead other investigators to develop a new class of ADA activators or inhibitors in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Bazl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokoofeh Sheibani
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Rai B, Kaur J, Jacobs R, Anand SC. Adenosine deaminase in saliva as a diagnostic marker of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 15:347-9. [PMID: 20379753 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-010-0404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tongue cancer is amongst the most common and fatal types of cancers in the world. The abnormalities in purine metabolism are characteristic features of many human tumors. Little is known about the correlation between the activities of key enzymes of purine nucleotide pathway and clinical indicators of tongue cancer invasiveness and aggressiveness. Fifty patients (M: F 25:25; mean age: 55.6 years (range 45-60; SD 1.8)) with diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (test group) and 30 normal subjects (M: F 15:15) without any systemic disease (control group) were recruited after obtaining informed consent. All patients were staged by the TNM classification. Salivary adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was assessed in cancerous patients (test group) and normal healthy subjects (control group). Statistically significant differences between test and control groups were observed in salivary ADA (P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum ADA levels significantly increased as the disease stage progressed from stage I to stage III of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in both genders (P < 0.001). Salivary ADA might be used as a diagnostic tool for early detection of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balwant Rai
- Oral Imaging Center, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Catholic University Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Goyal R, Chatterjee S, Bishnoi S. Voltammetric Determination of 2′-Deoxyadenosine and Adenine in Urine of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Fullerene-C60-modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Giannecchini M, D'Innocenzo B, Pesi R, Sgarrella F, Iorio M, Collecchi P, Tozzi MG, Camici M. 2?-Deoxyadenosine causes apoptotic cell death in a human colon carcinoma cell line. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17:329-37. [PMID: 14708088 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.10095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The combination of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxycoformycin is toxic for the human colon carcinoma cell line LoVo. In this study we investigated the mode of action of the two compounds and have found that they promote apoptosis. The examination by fluorescence microscopy of the cells treated with the combination revealed the characteristic morphology associated with apoptosis, such as chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. The occurrence of apoptosis was also confirmed by the release of cytochrome c and the proteolytic processing of procaspase-3 in cells subjected to the treatment. To exert its triggering action on the apoptotic process, 2'-deoxyadenosine enters the cells through an equilibrative nitrobenzyl-thioinosine-insensitive carrier, and must be phosphorylated by intracellular kinases. Indeed, in the present work we demonstrate by analysis of the intracellular metabolic derivatives of 2'-deoxyadenosine that, as suggested by our previous findings, in the incubation performed with 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxycoformycin, an appreciable amount of dATP was formed. Conversely, when also an inhibitor of adenosine kinase was added to the incubation mixture, dATP was not formed, and the toxic and apoptotic effect of the combination was completely reverted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Giannecchini
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria 55, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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Tullo A, Mastropasqua G, Bourdon JC, Centonze P, Gostissa M, Costanzo A, Levrero M, Del Sal G, Saccone C, Sbisà E. Adenosine deaminase, a key enzyme in DNA precursors control, is a new p73 target. Oncogene 2003; 22:8738-48. [PMID: 14647469 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the p73 and p63 genes, homologous to p53 tumor suppressor has uncovered a family of transcription factors and widened the scenario of cell cycle control and apoptosis. We have identified a putative p53-responsive element in the human adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene, an important enzyme involved in nucleotide metabolism, the deficit of which causes the inhibition of DNA synthesis and repair. Here, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of p73 isoforms leads to the ADA gene upregulation, showing for the first time a correlation between p73 and ADA. We found that p73 promotes ADA gene expression following a dNTP unbalance generated by ADA enzyme deficiency and 2'deoxyadenosine accumulation. The abrogation of p73 transcriptional activity by the specific dominant-negative p73DD abolishes ADA induction. By contrast, the ADA gene does not appear to be a functional p53 target in the physiological conditions we tested. On the whole, our results contribute to the emerging picture that p73 could play a different role from p53 in normal growth and development by inducing alternative target genes, which are not shared by p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apollonia Tullo
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Sezione di Bari di Bioinformatica e Genomica CNR, Via Amendola, 165/A Bari 70126, Italy.
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Giorgelli F, Giannecchini M, Bemi V, Turchi G, Sgarrella F, Tozzi MG, Camici M. Role of the phosphorolysis of deoxyadenosine in the cytotoxic effect of the combination of deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin on a human colon carcinoma cell line (LoVo). J Cell Biochem 2000; 80:241-7. [PMID: 11074595 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4644(20010201)80:2<241::aid-jcb130>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In LoVo cells, phosphorolytic activity acting on deoxyadenosine plays a major role in the resistance to the cytotoxic effect of the combination of deoxynucleoside with deoxycoformycin. In fact, the observed dependence of toxicity on cell density appears to be related to the metabolic conversion of deoxyadenosine into adenine. The phosphorylation of the deoxynucleoside, which represents the first step towards the formation of the cytotoxic agent dATP, proceeds at a significantly lower rate as compared to the phosphorolysis of deoxyadenosine. The analysis of the levels of deoxyadenosine and its derivatives in the incubation media reveals that the rates of disappearance of deoxyadenosine and of formation of adenine increase in concert with the reduction of the effect on cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Giorgelli
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Pisa, Italy
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