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Urban A, De Feyter S. Making and Breaking Helical Open-Chain Oligopyrroles. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300708. [PMID: 38224308 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Closed-chain oligopyrroles such as porphyrins or corroles have been well-established in literature and experience a steadily strong interest by several fields of science. However, their open-chain derivatives are comparatively underrepresented, despite their intriguing properties and promising applications. Here, we aim to review typical synthetic routes, as well as point towards several emergent properties, marking them as interesting candidates for various fields of study. The review focuses on two traditional methods (each starting from highly symmetric metalloporphyrins) and then expands its scope towards more recent variations before moving on to more exotic and recent highlights that have yet to be included into the canon. Key chemical reactivities (ring closure, substitution and fragmentation) are then followed by notable physicochemical properties, placing special emphasis on potential uses in molecular electronics and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Urban
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Mori D, Yoneda T, Suzuki M, Hoshino T, Neya S. meso-Diketopyripentaphyrin and Diketopyrihexaphyrin as Macrocyclic Tripyrrinone Ligands for Ni II Ions. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4169-4173. [PMID: 31777185 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We report expanded porphyrins with pyridine rings and two neighboring carbonyl groups, which allow NiII ions to coordinate to the tripyrrinone-type NNNO coordination structure with Ni-O bonds. The selectivity of tripyrrinone is superior to other pyrrolic or pyridinic cavities of expanded porphyrins. Introduction of α-carbonyl pyridine next to the tripyrrolic conjugated structure is a powerful strategy for regioselective metalation of flexible expanded porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Mori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoneda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.,Current address: Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Masaaki Suzuki
- Department of Material Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Saburo Neya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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3
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Li R, Zeller M, Brückner C. Oxidative ring-openings of octaethyl-2-oxochlorin: Regioisomeric β-oxobiliverdins. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe the oxidative ring opening of octaethyl-2-oxochlorin using two different oxidation methods, both providing a mixture of all possible regioisomeric products (8-[Formula: see text] through 8-[Formula: see text]. While isomers 8-[Formula: see text], 8-[Formula: see text], and 8-[Formula: see text] formed in isolable yields and relative ratios that varied with the oxidation method used, isomer 8-[Formula: see text] was invariably formed in trace amounts only. The three major products were spectroscopically characterized (IR, MS, 1D- and 2D NMR spectroscopy) and their configurations were deduced by NMR spectroscopy. The spectroscopic findings correlated well with the single crystal X-ray structure of the novel cleavage product 8-[Formula: see text] and the known compound of 8-[Formula: see text]. The work broadens the number of octaethylporphyrin-derived biliverdin derivatives available and presents a methodology of controlling the biliverdin backbone configuration by introduction of a [Formula: see text]-ketone functionality into select positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshi Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06369-3060, USA
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06369-3060, USA
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4
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Three bilindione isomers: synthesis, characterization and reactivity of biliverdin analogs. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:727-737. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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6
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Eerdun C, Hisanaga S, Setsune JI. Single Helicates of Dipalladium(II) Hexapyrroles: Helicity Induction and Redox Tuning of Chiroptical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Eerdun C, Hisanaga S, Setsune JI. Single Helicates of Dipalladium(II) Hexapyrroles: Helicity Induction and Redox Tuning of Chiroptical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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8
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Mizutani T, Yagi S. Linear tetrapyrroles as functional pigments in chemistry and biology. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424604000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
1,19,21,24-tetrahydro-1,19-bilindione is the framework of pigments frequently found in nature, which includes biliverdin IX α, phytochromobilin and phycocyanobilin. 1,19-bilindiones have unique features such as (1) photochemical and thermal cis-trans isomerization, (2) excited energy transfer, (3) chiroptical properties due to the cyclic helical conformation, (4) redox activity, (5) coordination to various metals, and (6) reconstitution to proteins. 1,19-bilindione can adopt a number of conformations since it has exocyclic three double bonds and three single bonds that are rotatable thermally and photochemically. In solution, biliverdin and phycocyanobilin adopt a cyclic helical ZZZ, syn, syn, syn conformation, but other conformations are stabilized depending on the experimental conditions and substituents on the bilin framework. The conformational changes in 1,19-bilindiones are related to the biological functions of a photoreceptor protein, phytochrome. Structural and conformational studies of bilindiones are summarized both in solution and in protein. The conformational changes of bilins can be used for other functions such as a chirality sensor. The bilindiones and the zinc complexes of bilindiones can be employed as a chirality sensor due to the helically chiral structure and the dynamics of racemization of enantiomers. In this paper, we discuss the conformational equilibria and dynamics of bilindiones and its implications in photobiology and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yagi
- Department of Applied Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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9
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Smith DA, Batsanov AS, Costuas K, Edge R, Apperley DC, Collison D, Halet JF, Howard JAK, Dyer PW. Exploiting Non-Innocent Ligands to Prepare Masked Palladium(0) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:7040-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Smith DA, Batsanov AS, Costuas K, Edge R, Apperley DC, Collison D, Halet JF, Howard JAK, Dyer PW. Exploiting Non-Innocent Ligands to Prepare Masked Palladium(0) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201003946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Wojaczyński J, Latos-Grażyński L. Photooxidation of N-Confused Porphyrin: A Route to N-Confused Biliverdin Analogues. Chemistry 2010; 16:2679-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Cuesta L, Sessler JL. π-Metal complexes of tetrapyrrolic systems. A novel coordination mode in “porphyrin-like” chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:2716-29. [DOI: 10.1039/b905850h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Pacholska-Dudziak E, Skonieczny J, Pawlicki M, Szterenberg L, Ciunik Z, Latos-Grażyński L. Palladium Vacataporphyrin Reveals Conformational Rearrangements Involving Hückel and Möbius Macrocyclic Topologies. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:6182-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ja711039c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pacholska-Dudziak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janusz Skonieczny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Miłosz Pawlicki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ludmiła Szterenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Ciunik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland
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Johns DM, Mori M, Williams RM. Synthetic studies on quinine: quinuclidine construction via a ketone enolate regio- and diastereoselective Pd-mediated allylic alkylation. Org Lett 2007; 8:4051-4. [PMID: 16928071 DOI: 10.1021/ol061524s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
7-Hydroxy-quinine was synthesized by an asymmetric aldol reaction that establishes the C8 and C9 stereochemistry, followed by construction of the 3-vinyl-quinuclidine azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane by C3-C4 ring closure using an intramolecular palladium-mediated allylic alkylation with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity. This is the first report of a ketone-enolate-stereocontrolled allylic alkylation mediated by palladium. The title compound and a dehydro-quinine analogue were evaluated for antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidre M Johns
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
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15
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Nuricumbo-Escobar JJ, Campos-Alvarado C, Ríos-Moreno G, Morales-Morales D, Walsh PJ, Parra-Hake M. Binuclear palladium(I) and palladium(II) complexes of ortho-functionalized 1,3-bis(aryl)triazenido ligands. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:6182-9. [PMID: 17580936 PMCID: PMC2543110 DOI: 10.1021/ic700516p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three new bis(aryl)triazene ligands, Ar-NNNH-Ar' [Ar = o-C(6)H(4)-CO(2)Me, Ar' = p-C(6)H(4)-CH(3) (2); Ar = Ar' = o-C(6)H(4)-CO(2)Me (3); Ar = o-C(6)H(4)-SMe, Ar' = p-C(6)H(4)-CH(3)) (4)], have been synthesized. The reaction of 1-4 with PdCl(2)(NCCH(3))(2) in the presence of a base afforded a series of binuclear diamagnetic palladium complexes. In these reactions, ligands 1-3 afforded the palladium(I) complexes [Pd(I)(o-MeO(2)C-C(6)H(4)-NNN-o-C(6)H(4)-CO(2)Me)](2) (5, monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 8.6070(10) Angstrom, b = 14.3220(10) Angstrom, c = 12.7310(10) Angstrom, beta = 100.2950(10) degrees, Z = 2), [Pd(I)(o-MeO-C(6)H(4)-NNN-o-C(6)H(4)-OMe)](2) (6, triclinic, space group P, a = 6.6288(5) Angstrom, b = 10.2631(10) Angstrom, c = 11.0246(11) Angstrom, alpha = 85.579(6) degrees, beta = 80.885(6) degrees, gamma = 74.607(6) degrees, Z = 1), and [Pd(I)(o-MeO(2)C-C(6)H(4)-NNN-p-C(6)H(4)-CH(3))](2) (7, tetragonal, space group I41/a, a = 20.866(3) Angstrom, b = 20.866(3) Angstrom, c = 13.156(2) Angstrom, Z = 8). In contrast, the reaction of ligand 4 with PdCl(2)(NCCH(3))(2) resulted in the formation of a palladium(II) dimer, [Pd(II)(o-MeS-C(6)H(4)-NNN-p-C(6)H(4)-CH(3))Cl](2) (8, orthorhombic, space group P2(1)2(1)2, a = 10.4058(5) Angstrom, b = 16.2488(8) Angstrom, c = 9.9500(5) Angstrom, Z = 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Nuricumbo-Escobar
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B. C. México
| | - Carlos Campos-Alvarado
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B. C. México
| | - Gustavo Ríos-Moreno
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B. C. México
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónomada México, Circuito Exterior Cd. UniversitariaCoyoacan. C.P. 04510 Mexico, D.F
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
- Corresponding authors: Tel. +1-215-573-2875; fax +1-215-573-6743; E-mail: (P. J. Walsh). Tel. +52-664-623-4043; Fax: +52-664-6233772. E-mail: (M. Parra-Hake)
| | - Miguel Parra-Hake
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B. C. México
- Corresponding authors: Tel. +1-215-573-2875; fax +1-215-573-6743; E-mail: (P. J. Walsh). Tel. +52-664-623-4043; Fax: +52-664-6233772. E-mail: (M. Parra-Hake)
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16
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Yinghuai Z, Widjaja E, Sia SLP, Zhan W, Carpenter K, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS, Hawthorne MF. Ruthenium(0) nanoparticle-catalyzed isotope exchange between 10B and 11B nuclei in decaborane(14). J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:6507-12. [PMID: 17472379 DOI: 10.1021/ja070210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Well dispersed ruthenium(0) nanoparticles, stabilized in the ionic liquid agent, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, have been successfully prepared via a reduction reaction of the precursor [CpRuCp*RuCp*]PF6 (Cp* = C5Me5). The ruthenium(0) nanoparticles were shown to catalyze the isotope exchange reaction between 10B enriched diborane and natural abundant B10H14 to produce highly 10B enriched (approximately 90%) decaborane(14) products. The ruthenium(0) nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD, and XPS. The 10B enriched decaborane(14) has been analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, NMR, and high-resolution MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yinghuai
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, No. 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833
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17
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Wood TE, Thompson A. Advances in the chemistry of dipyrrins and their complexes. Chem Rev 2007; 107:1831-61. [PMID: 17430001 DOI: 10.1021/cr050052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha E Wood
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J3, Canada
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18
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Bontemps S, Bouhadir G, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. On the Versatile and Unusual Coordination Behavior of Ambiphilic Ligands o-R2P(Ph)BR‘2. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:12056-7. [PMID: 16967941 DOI: 10.1021/ja0637494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monophosphine-boranes were shown to behave as bidentate ambiphilic ligands, whose structural versatility has been illustrated by the preparation of PdII and AuI complexes featuring unusual P --> M-Cl --> B and P --> M --> B interactions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bontemps
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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19
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Parkin G. A Simple Description of the Bonding in Transition-Metal Borane Complexes. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060580u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
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20
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Figueroa JS, Melnick JG, Parkin G. Reactivity of the Metal→BX3 Dative σ-Bond: 1,2-Addition Reactions of the Fe→BX3 Moiety of the Ferraboratrane Complex [κ4-B(mimBut)3]Fe(CO)2. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:7056-8. [PMID: 16933903 DOI: 10.1021/ic061353n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ferraboratrane [kappa4-B(mim(Bu)t)3]Fe(CO)2 (mim(Bu)t = 2-mercapto-1-tert-butylimidazolyl), the first example of a complex which possesses a retrodative (i.e., metal-to-ligand) Fe-->B bond, is obtained via reaction of the tris(2-mercapto-1-tert-butylimidazolyl)hydroborato complex [Tm(Bu)t]FeCl with LiCH2SiMe3 followed by treatment with CO. Significantly, [kappa4-B(mim(Bu)t)3]Fe(CO)2 exhibits novel reactivity towards a variety of reagents that results in eradication of the Fe-->B bond via a formal 1,2-addition process and the formation of B-functionalized tris(mercaptoimidazolyl)borate derivatives, [XTm(Bu)t]FeY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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21
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Landry VK, Melnick JG, Buccella D, Pang K, Ulichny JC, Parkin G. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of [κ3-B,S,S-B(mimR)3]Ir(CO)(PPh3)H (R = But, Ph) and [κ4-B(mimBut)3]M(PPh3)Cl (M = Rh, Ir): Analysis of the Bonding in Metal Borane Compounds. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:2588-97. [PMID: 16529480 DOI: 10.1021/ic051975t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of iridium and rhodium complexes that feature M-->B dative bonds, namely [kappa(3)-B,S,S-B(mim(R))3]Ir(CO)(PPh3)H (R = But, Ph) and [kappa4-B(mim(Bu)t)3]M(PPh3)Cl (M = Rh, Ir), has been synthesized via (i) the reactions of Ir(PPh3)2(CO)Cl with [Tm(Bu)t]Tl and [Tm(Ph)]Li and (ii) the reactions of (COD)M(PPh3)Cl with [Tm(Bu)t]K. The complexes have been structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction, thereby demonstrating the presence of a M-->B dative bond in each complex. The nature of the M-->B interaction in these complexes has been addressed by computational methods which indicate that the metal centers possess a d(6) configuration. The d(6) configuration is in accord with the value predicted by using a method that employs the valence to determine d(n)(), but is not in accord with the d8 configuration that is predicted using the oxidation number. Thus, even though B(mim(R))3 may be regarded as a neutral closed-shell ligand, coordination to a d(n) transition metal via the boron results in the formation of a complex in which the metal center possesses a d(n-2) configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Landry
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Kuan SL, Leong WK, Goh LY, Webster RD. Redox-Dependent Isomerization of Organometallic RuII/RuIII Compounds Containing the Hydrotris(methimazolyl)borate Ligand: An Electrochemical Square Scheme Mechanism. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050432o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seah Ling Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117543
| | - Weng Kee Leong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117543
| | - Lai Yoong Goh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117543
| | - Richard D. Webster
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
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Szterenberg L, Latos-Grazyński L, Wojaczyński J. Metallobiliverdin radicals--DFT studies. Chemphyschem 2003; 4:691-8. [PMID: 12901300 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200200611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Several aspects of the molecular and electronic structure of biliverdin derivatives have been studied using density functional theory (DFT). The calculations have been performed for complexes of trianion (BvO2)3- and dianion [BvO(OH)]2-, derived from two tautomeric forms of biliverdin, BvO2H3 and [BvO(OH)]H2, with redox innocent metal ions: lithium(I), zinc(II), and gallium(III). One-electron-oxidized and reduced forms of each complex (cation and anion radicals) have been also considered. The molecular structures of all species investigated are characterized by a helical arrangement of tetrapyrrolic ligands with the metal ion lying in the plane formed by the two central pyrrole rings. The spin density distribution in four types of metallobiliverdin radicals--[(BvO2.)Mn+]n-2,[[BvO(OH).]Mn+]n-1 (cation radicals),[(BvO2.)Mn+]n-4,[[BvO(OH).]Mn+]n-3 (anion radicals)--has been investigated. In general, the absolute values of spin density on meso carbon atoms were larger than for the beta-carbon atoms. Sign alteration of spin density has been found for meso positions, and also for the beta-carbon atoms of at least two pyrrole rings. The calculated spin density maps accounted for the essential NMR spectroscopic features of iron biliverdin derivatives, including the considerable isotropic shifts detected for the meso resonances and shift alteration at the meso and beta-positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmiła Szterenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Bröring M, Tejero EC, Pfister A, Brandt CD, Pérez Torrente JJ. Unexpected formation and structural characterisation of a novel rhodium B12 analogue. Chem Commun (Camb) 2002:3058-9. [PMID: 12536815 DOI: 10.1039/b208935c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metalation reactions of the 2,2'-bidipyrrin 4 with different rhodium(I) precursors yield the complexes 5 and 6 and the unusual corrinoid 7, depending only on the type of the ancillary ligand employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bröring
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bergquist C, Koutcher L, Vaught AL, Parkin G. Reactivity of the B-H Bond in tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborato zinc complexes: unexpected example of zinc hydride formation in a protic solvent and its relevance towards hydrogen transfer to NAD(+) mimics by tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborato zinc complexes in alcoholic media. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:625-7. [PMID: 11849057 DOI: 10.1021/ic011136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solutions of the zinc hydroxide complex [Tp(Bu(t),Me)]ZnOH in alcohols (ROH; R = Me, Et, Pr(i)) achieve hydride transfer to the NAD(+) model, 10-methylacridinium perchlorate. Deuterium labeling studies, however, demonstrate that the source of the hydride is not the alcohol but, rather, the B [bond] H group of the [Tp(Bu(t),Me)] ligand. A further example in which a [Tp(Bu(t),Me)] ligand acts as a hydride donor is provided by the reaction of the aqua complex [[Tp(Bu(t),Me)]Zn(OH(2))][HOB(C(6)F(5))(3)] with MeOH to generate the zinc hydride complex [Tp(Bu(t),Me)]ZnH. The present study therefore provides a caveat for the often assumed inertness of the B [bond] H group in tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborato ligands, especially in the presence of reactive cationic species.
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Lord PA, Noll BC, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. A remarkable skeletal rearrangement of a coordinated tetrapyrrole: chemical consequences of palladium pi-coordination to a bilindione. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10554-9. [PMID: 11673987 DOI: 10.1021/ja010647z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pd4(OEB)2, in which a [Pd2]2+ unit is bound in pi-fashion to olefinic sites that are exocyclic to pyrrole rings of the octaethylbilindione ligand, undergoes an unprecedented sequence of reactions that results in the rearrangement of the framework of the bilindione ligand and the formation of trans-Pd(py)2I2. This process of bilindione rearrangement and oxidation occurs as a direct consequence of the pi-coordination of the palladium. The reaction results in the migration of a nitrogen atom from a pyrrole carbon atom to what was formerly a meso carbon atom to transform a former pyrrole ring into a six-membered ring. This process also involves cleavage of the Pd-Pd and Pd-C bonds, oxidation of palladium, and introduction of an oxygen atom (from water) not necessarily in this particular sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Lord
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Jeandon C, Krattinger B, Ruppert R, Callot HJ. Biladienones from the photooxidation of a meso-gem-disubstituted phlorin: crystal and molecular structures of the 3N + O coordinated nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:3149-53. [PMID: 11399186 DOI: 10.1021/ic001205b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photooxidation of a meso-gem-disubstituted phlorin gave two isomeric biladienones in an equilibrium involving a Z-E double bond photoisomerism. The structures of these bile pigments were elucidated using NMR techniques and show terminal benzoyl and pyrrolone moieties. Complexation with divalent cations (nickel(II), copper (II)) gave stable compounds whose crystal and molecular structure could be determined by X-ray diffraction. The metal is coordinated with three pyrrole nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom of a terminal benzoyl group. In the crystal, the molecules are arranged in pairs through hydrogen bonds between the free terminal pyrrolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jeandon
- Faculté de Chimie, Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Sauthier M, Le Guennic B, Deborde V, Toupet L, Halet JF, Réau R. A Rare Phosphane Coordination Mode: A Symmetricallyμ2-Bridging Phosphole in a Dinuclear Palladium(I) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010105)113:1<234::aid-ange234>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sauthier M, Le Guennic B, Deborde V, Toupet L, Halet JF, Réau R. A Rare Phosphane Coordination Mode: A Symmetrically μ2-Bridging Phosphole in a Dinuclear Palladium(I) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:228-231. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010105)40:1<228::aid-anie228>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2000] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Setsune JI, Kashihara K, Wada KI. Photooxygenation ofN21,N22-Bridged Isophlorin to 19-Benzoylisobilirubin. CHEM LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2001.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lord PA, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. Redox characteristics of nickel and palladium complexes of the open-chain tetrapyrrole octaethylbilindione: a biliverdin model. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:1128-34. [PMID: 12526401 DOI: 10.1021/ic9910209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Octaethylbiliverdin, C35H46N4O2, is a linear tetrapyrrole that can exist in coordinated form as the fully reduced trianion (OEB)3-, as the two electron oxidized monoanion, (OEBOx)-, or as the one electron oxidized radical, (OEB.)2-. The three-membered electron-transfer series involving [M(OEB)]n with n = +1, 0, and -1, and M = Ni or Pd has been characterized electrochemically. The most highly oxidized members of these series have been isolated in the form of their diamagnetic triiodide salts, [NiII(OEBOx)]I3 and [PdII(OEBOx)]I3, and characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray diffraction. [NiII(OEBOx)]I3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn with a = 15.121(3) A, b = 16.777(3) A, and c = 14.628(3) A at 130(2) K with Z = 4. Refinement of 3311 reflections with 209 parameters and no restraints yielded wR2 = 0.136 and R = 0.054 for 2643 reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). The structure involves helical coordination of the linear tetrapyrrole ligand about the nickel with all four nitrogen atoms coordinated to the metal and Ni-N distances of 1.867(5) and 1.879(5) A. The triiodide ion is not coordinated to the nickel but sits over one of the meso carbon atoms of the tetrapyrrole. In the solid state, pairs of [NiII(OEBOx)]+ crystallize about a center of symmetry so that two identical tab/slot hydrogen-bonded arrangements involving the lactam oxygen of one complex and methine and two methylene protons of the adjacent cation. Similar hydrogen-bonded motifs are found in other complexes derived from octaethylbilindione. [PdII(OEBOx)]I3 is isomorphic with the nickel analogue and crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn with a = 15.2236(6) A, b = 16.7638(7) A, and c = 14.6289(6) A at 90(2) K with Z = 4. Refinement of 6123 reflections with 209 parameters and no restraints yielded wR2 = 0.094 and R = 0.036 for 4042 reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). The odd electron compound PdII(OEB.) has also been isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Black PdII(OEB.) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group I2/a with a = 13.274(3) A, b = 18.655(4) A, c = 14.114(3) A, and beta = 116.00(3) degrees at 140(2) K with Z = 4. Refinement of 2030 reflections with 195 parameters and no restraints yielded wR2 = 0.090 and R = 0.042 for 1715 reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). The structure again involves helical coordination of the linear tetrapyrrole to the palladium through the four pyrrole nitrogen atoms. Reduction of the complex causes a slight elongation of the Pd-N bonds from 1.983(2) and 1.986(2) A in [PdII(OEBOx)]I3 to 2.011(4) and 2.012(4) A in PdII(OEB.).
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Lord
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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