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López-Molina L, Sancho-Balsells A, Al-Massadi O, Montalban E, Alberch J, Arranz B, Girault JA, Giralt A. Hippocampal Pyk2 regulates specific social skills: Implications for schizophrenia. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 194:106487. [PMID: 38552722 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyk2 has been shown previously to be involved in several psychological and cognitive alterations related to stress, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. All these disorders are accompanied by different types of impairments in sociability, which has recently been linked to improper mitochondrial function. We hypothesize that Pyk2, which regulates mitochondria, could be associated with the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and social skills. In the present manuscript, we report that a reduction of Pyk2 levels in mouse pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus decreased social dominance and aggressivity. Furthermore, social interactions induced robust Pyk2-dependent hippocampal changes in several oxidative phosphorylation complexes. We also observed that Pyk2 levels were increased in the CA1 pyramidal neurons of schizophrenic subjects, occurring alongside changes in different direct and indirect regulators of mitochondrial function including DISC1 and Grp75. Accordingly, overexpressing Pyk2 in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells mimicked some specific schizophrenia-like social behaviors in mice. In summary, our results indicate that Pyk2 might play a role in regulating specific social skills likely via mitochondrial dynamics and that there might be a link between Pyk2 levels in hippocampal neurons and social disturbances in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Molina
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Sancho-Balsells
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Omar Al-Massadi
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Science and Engineering Faculty, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer a Moulin, 75005 Paris, France; Translational Endocrinology Group, Servicio de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (IDIS/CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Enrica Montalban
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Science and Engineering Faculty, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer a Moulin, 75005 Paris, France; UMR 1286, NutriNeuro - INRAE / Université de Bordeaux / INP 146, rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Brodeaux cedex, France
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Antoine Girault
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Science and Engineering Faculty, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer a Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Albert Giralt
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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de Oliveira PV, Sanaiotto O, Kuhn KZ, Oltramari A, Bortoluzzi AJ, Lanza M, Aguiar GPS, Siebel AM, Müller LG, Oliveira JV. Micronization of naringenin in supercritical fluid medium: In vitro and in vivo assays. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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3
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Free RB, Nilson AN, Boldizsar NM, Doyle TB, Rodriguiz RM, Pogorelov VM, Machino M, Lee KH, Bertz JW, Xu J, Lim HD, Dulcey AE, Mach RH, Woods JH, Lane JR, Shi L, Marugan JJ, Wetsel WC, Sibley DR. Identification and Characterization of ML321: A Novel and Highly Selective D 2 Dopamine Receptor Antagonist with Efficacy in Animal Models That Predict Atypical Antipsychotic Activity. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:151-170. [PMID: 36654757 PMCID: PMC9841785 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have developed and characterized a novel D2R antagonist with exceptional GPCR selectivity - ML321. In functional profiling screens of 168 different GPCRs, ML321 showed little activity beyond potent inhibition of the D2R and to a lesser extent the D3R, demonstrating excellent receptor selectivity. The D2R selectivity of ML321 may be related to the fact that, unlike other monoaminergic ligands, ML321 lacks a positively charged amine group and adopts a unique binding pose within the orthosteric binding site of the D2R. PET imaging studies in non-human primates demonstrated that ML321 penetrates the CNS and occupies the D2R in a dose-dependent manner. Behavioral paradigms in rats demonstrate that ML321 can selectively antagonize a D2R-mediated response (hypothermia) while not affecting a D3R-mediated response (yawning) using the same dose of drug, thus indicating exceptional in vivo selectivity. We also investigated the effects of ML321 in animal models that are predictive of antipsychotic efficacy in humans. We found that ML321 attenuates both amphetamine- and phencyclidine-induced locomotor activity and restored pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle in a dose-dependent manner. Surprisingly, using doses that were maximally effective in both the locomotor and PPI studies, ML321 was relatively ineffective in promoting catalepsy. Kinetic studies revealed that ML321 exhibits slow-on and fast-off receptor binding rates, similar to those observed with atypical antipsychotics with reduced extrapyramidal side effects. Taken together, these observations suggest that ML321, or a derivative thereof, may exhibit ″atypical″ antipsychotic activity in humans with significantly fewer side effects than observed with the currently FDA-approved D2R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Benjamin Free
- Molecular
Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC-3723, Bethesda, Maryland20892, United States
| | - Ashley N. Nilson
- Molecular
Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC-3723, Bethesda, Maryland20892, United States
| | - Noelia M. Boldizsar
- Molecular
Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC-3723, Bethesda, Maryland20892, United States
| | - Trevor B. Doyle
- Molecular
Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC-3723, Bethesda, Maryland20892, United States
| | - Ramona M. Rodriguiz
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine
Analysis Core Facility, Duke University
Medical Center, 354 Sands Building, 303 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina27710, United States
| | - Vladimir M. Pogorelov
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine
Analysis Core Facility, Duke University
Medical Center, 354 Sands Building, 303 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina27710, United States
| | - Mayako Machino
- Computational
Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and
Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of
Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland21224, United
States
| | - Kuo Hao Lee
- Computational
Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and
Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of
Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland21224, United
States
| | - Jeremiah W. Bertz
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Michigan
Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
| | - Jinbin Xu
- Division
of Radiological Sciences, Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute
of Radiology, Washington University School
of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri63110, United States
| | - Herman D. Lim
- Drug Discovery
Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC3052, Australia
| | - Andrés E. Dulcey
- Division
of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational
Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Robert H. Mach
- Department
of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - James H. Woods
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Michigan
Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
| | - J Robert Lane
- Centre
of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities
of Birmingham and Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational
Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and
Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of
Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland21224, United
States
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- Division
of Pre-Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational
Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - William C. Wetsel
- Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine
Analysis Core Facility, Duke University
Medical Center, 354 Sands Building, 303 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina27710, United States
- Departments
of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Duke University
Medical Center, 354 Sands Building, 303 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina27710, United States
| | - David R. Sibley
- Molecular
Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC-3723, Bethesda, Maryland20892, United States
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4
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Jones CE, Navis TM, Teutsch P, Opel RA, Lim MM. Acoustic prepulse inhibition in male and female prairie voles: Implications for models of neuropsychiatric illness. Behav Brain Res 2019; 360:298-302. [PMID: 30550951 PMCID: PMC6324994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sensory gating, the ability to suppress sensory information of irrelevant stimuli, is affected in several neuropsychiatric diseases, notably schizophrenia and autism. It is currently unclear how these deficits interact with other hallmark symptoms of these disorders, such as social withdrawal and difficulty with interpersonal relationships. The highly affiliative prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) may be an ideal model organism to study the neurobiology underlying social behavior. In this study, we assessed unimodal acoustic sensory gating in male and female prairie voles using the prepulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm, whereby a lower amplitude sound (prepulse) decreases the startle response to a high amplitude sound (pulse) compared to the high amplitude sound alone. Prairie voles showed evidence of PPI at all prepulse levels compared to pulse alone, with both males and females showing similar levels of inhibition. However, unlike what has been reported in other rodent species, prairie voles did not show a within-session decrease in startle response to the pulse alone, nor did they show a decrease in startle response to the pulse over multiple days, highlighting their inability to habituate to startling stimuli (short- and long-term). When contrasted with a cohort of male wildtype C57Bl/6J mice that underwent a comparable PPI protocol, individual voles showed significantly higher trial-by-trial variability as well as longer latency to startle than mice. The benefits and caveats to using prairie voles in future sensory gating experiments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn E Jones
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR. United States
| | - Tom M Navis
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Peyton Teutsch
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR. United States
| | - Ryan A Opel
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR. United States
| | - Miranda M Lim
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR. United States.
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5
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Sahlholm K, Gómez-Soler M, Valle-León M, López-Cano M, Taura JJ, Ciruela F, Fernández-Dueñas V. Antipsychotic-Like Efficacy of Dopamine D 2 Receptor-Biased Ligands is Dependent on Adenosine A 2A Receptor Expression. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4952-4958. [PMID: 28779351 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) activation triggers both G protein- and β-arrestin-dependent signaling. Biased D2R ligands activating β-arrestin pathway have been proposed as potential antipsychotics. The ability of D2R to heteromerize with adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has been associated to D2R agonist-induced β-arrestin recruitment. Accordingly, here we aimed to demonstrate the A2AR dependence of D2R/β-arrestin signaling. By combining bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) between β-arrestin-2 tagged with yellow fluorescent protein and bimolecular luminescence complementation (BiLC) of D2R/A2AR homomers and heteromers, we demonstrated that the D2R agonists quinpirole and UNC9994 could promote β-arrestin-2 recruitment only when A2AR/D2R heteromers were expressed. Subsequently, the role of A2AR in the antipsychotic-like activity of UNC9994 was assessed in wild-type and A2AR-/- mice administered with phencyclidine (PCP) or amphetamine (AMPH). Interestingly, while UNC9994 reduced hyperlocomotion in wild-type animals treated either with PCP or AMPH, in A2AR-/- mice, it failed to reduce PCP-induced hyperlocomotion or produced only a moderate reduction of AMPH-mediated hyperlocomotion. Overall, the results presented here reinforce the notion that D2R/A2AR heteromerization facilitates D2R β-arrestin recruitment, and furthermore, reveal a pivotal role for A2AR in the antipsychotic-like activity of the β-arrestin-biased D2R ligand, UNC9994.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Sahlholm
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maricel Gómez-Soler
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Valle-León
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc López-Cano
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume J Taura
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Distinct cortical and striatal actions of a β-arrestin-biased dopamine D2 receptor ligand reveal unique antipsychotic-like properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E8178-E8186. [PMID: 27911814 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1614347113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia postulates striatal hyperdopaminergia and cortical hypodopaminergia. Although partial agonists at DA D2 receptors (D2Rs), like aripiprazole, were developed to simultaneously target both phenomena, they do not effectively improve cortical dysfunction. In this study, we investigate the potential for newly developed β-arrestin2 (βarr2)-biased D2R partial agonists to simultaneously target hyper- and hypodopaminergia. Using neuron-specific βarr2-KO mice, we show that the antipsychotic-like effects of a βarr2-biased D2R ligand are driven through both striatal antagonism and cortical agonism of D2R-βarr2 signaling. Furthermore, βarr2-biased D2R agonism enhances firing of cortical fast-spiking interneurons. This enhanced cortical agonism of the biased ligand can be attributed to a lack of G-protein signaling and elevated expression of βarr2 and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase 2 in the cortex versus the striatum. Therefore, we propose that βarr2-biased D2R ligands that exert region-selective actions could provide a path to develop more effective antipsychotic therapies.
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7
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McClatchy DB, Savas JN, Martínez-Bartolomé S, Park SK, Maher P, Powell SB, Yates JR. Global quantitative analysis of phosphorylation underlying phencyclidine signaling and sensorimotor gating in the prefrontal cortex. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:205-15. [PMID: 25869802 PMCID: PMC4605830 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is an example of sensorimotor gating and deficits in PPI have been demonstrated in schizophrenia patients. Phencyclidine (PCP) suppression of PPI in animals has been studied to elucidate the pathological elements of schizophrenia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PCP treatment or PPI in the brain are still poorly understood. In this study, quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis was performed on the prefrontal cortex from rats that were subjected to PPI after being systemically injected with PCP or saline. PCP downregulated phosphorylation events were significantly enriched in proteins associated with long-term potentiation (LTP). Importantly, this data set identifies functionally novel phosphorylation sites on known LTP-associated signaling molecules. In addition, mutagenesis of a significantly altered phosphorylation site on xCT (SLC7A11), the light chain of system xc-, the cystine/glutamate antiporter, suggests that PCP also regulates the activity of this protein. Finally, new insights were also derived on PPI signaling independent of PCP treatment. This is the first quantitative phosphorylation proteomic analysis providing new molecular insights into sensorimotor gating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey N. Savas
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute
| | | | - Sung Kyu Park
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute
| | | | - John R. Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute
- Corresponding Author:
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8
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Reichel JM, Nissel S, Rogel-Salazar G, Mederer A, Käfer K, Bedenk BT, Martens H, Anders R, Grosche J, Michalski D, Härtig W, Wotjak CT. Distinct behavioral consequences of short-term and prolonged GABAergic depletion in prefrontal cortex and dorsal hippocampus. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 8:452. [PMID: 25628548 PMCID: PMC4292780 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GABAergic interneurons are essential for a functional equilibrium between excitatory and inhibitory impulses throughout the CNS. Disruption of this equilibrium can lead to various neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders such as epilepsy or schizophrenia. Schizophrenia itself is clinically defined by negative (e.g., depression) and positive (e.g., hallucinations) symptoms as well as cognitive dysfunction. GABAergic interneurons are proposed to play a central role in the etiology and progression of schizophrenia; however, the specific mechanisms and the time-line of symptom development as well as the distinct involvement of cortical and hippocampal GABAergic interneurons in the etiology of schizophrenia-related symptoms are still not conclusively resolved. Previous work demonstrated that GABAergic interneurons can be selectively depleted in adult mice by means of saporin-conjugated anti-vesicular GABA transporter antibodies (SAVAs) in vitro and in vivo. Given their involvement in schizophrenia-related disease etiology, we ablated GABAergic interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) in adult male C57BL/6N mice. Subsequently we assessed alterations in anxiety, sensory processing, hyperactivity and cognition after long-term (>14 days) and short-term (<14 days) GABAergic depletion. Long-term GABAergic depletion in the mPFC resulted in a decrease in sensorimotor-gating and impairments in cognitive flexibility. Notably, the same treatment at the level of the dHPC completely abolished spatial learning capabilities. Short-term GABAergic depletion in the dHPC revealed a transient hyperactive phenotype as well as marked impairments regarding the acquisition of a spatial memory. In contrast, recall of a spatial memory was not affected by the same intervention. These findings emphasize the importance of functional local GABAergic networks for the encoding but not the recall of hippocampus-dependent spatial memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Reichel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Nissel
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriela Rogel-Salazar
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Mederer
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
| | - Karola Käfer
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt T Bedenk
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rebecca Anders
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Grosche
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany ; Effigos AG Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Härtig
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Research Group "Neuronal Plasticity" Munich, Germany
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9
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Kubík Š, Buchtová H, Valeš K, Stuchlík A. MK-801 Impairs Cognitive Coordination on a Rotating Arena (Carousel) and Contextual Specificity of Hippocampal Immediate-Early Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Psychosis. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:75. [PMID: 24659959 PMCID: PMC3950493 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible behavior in dynamic, real-world environments requires more than static spatial learning and memory. Discordant and unstable cues must be organized in coherent subsets to give rise to meaningful spatial representations. We model this form of cognitive coordination on a rotating arena - Carousel where arena- and room-bound spatial cues are dissociated. Hippocampal neuronal ensemble activity can repeatedly switch between multiple representations of such an environment. Injection of tetrodotoxin into one hippocampus prevents cognitive coordination during avoidance of a stationary room-defined place on the Carousel and increases coactivity of previously unrelated neurons in the uninjected hippocampus. Place avoidance on the Carousel is impaired after systemic administration of non-competitive NMDAr blockers (MK-801) used to model schizophrenia in animals and people. We tested if this effect is due to cognitive disorganization or other effect of NMDAr antagonism such as hyperlocomotion, spatial memory impairment, or general learning deficit. We also examined if the same dose of MK-801 alters patterns of immediate-early gene (IEG) expression in the hippocampus. IEG expression is triggered in neuronal nuclei in a context-specific manner after behavioral exploration and it is used to map activity in neuronal populations. IEG expression is critical for maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. We show that the same dose of MK-801 that impairs spatial coordination of rats on the Carousel also eliminates contextual specificity of IEG expression in hippocampal CA1 ensembles. This effect is due to increased similarity between ensembles activated in different environments, consistent with the idea that it is caused by increased coactivity between neurons, which did not previously fire together. Our data support the proposition of the Hypersynchrony theory that cognitive disorganization in psychosis is due to increased coactivity between unrelated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Kubík
- Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Buchtová
- Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Valeš
- Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Stuchlík
- Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Urs NM, Nicholls PJ, Caron MG. Integrated approaches to understanding antipsychotic drug action at GPCRs. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2013; 27:56-62. [PMID: 24680431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family of genes represents one of the largest druggable families of genes in the human genome. This is evident by the fact that approximately 30% of currently marketed drugs target GPCRs. However, many of these drugs are limited in their clinical potential as they are associated with debilitating side effects-a consequence of our incomplete understanding of their pharmacology and the signaling pathways regulated by GPCRs. Because of the limited range of tools available to resolve these issues, integrated approaches are required to fully understand the pharmacological action of drugs and the biochemical repertoire regulated by GPCRs. In this review we will focus on the action of antipsychotic drugs on certain monoamine GPCRs in the central nervous system (CNS) and the approaches being developed to elucidate their distinct pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil M Urs
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Peter J Nicholls
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Marc G Caron
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Medicine, Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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11
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Abstract
One of the main obstacles faced by translational neuroscience is the development of animal models of psychiatric disorders. Behavioural pharmacology studies indicate that psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and dissociative drugs, such as phencyclidine (PCP), induce in healthy human volunteers psychotic and cognitive symptoms that resemble some of those observed in schizophrenia patients. Serotonin 5-HT2A and metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors have been involved in the mechanism of action of psychedelic and dissociative drugs. Here we review recent advances using LSD-like and PCP-like drugs in rodent models that implicate these receptors in the neurobiology of schizophrenia and its treatment.
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12
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Abstract
One of the oldest models of schizophrenia is based on the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens such as mescaline, psilocybin, and (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which act through the serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor. These compounds produce a 'model psychosis' in normal individuals that resembles at least some of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Based on these similarities, and because evidence has emerged that the serotonergic system plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in some patients, animal models relevant to schizophrenia have been developed based on hallucinogen effects. Here we review the behavioural effects of hallucinogens in four of those models, the receptor and neurochemical mechanisms for the effects and their translational relevance. Despite the difficulty of modelling hallucinogen effects in nonverbal species, animal models of schizophrenia based on hallucinogens have yielded important insights into the linkage between 5-HT and schizophrenia and have helped to identify receptor targets and interactions that could be exploited in the development of new therapeutic agents.
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13
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Hanks JB, González-Maeso J. Animal models of serotonergic psychedelics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:33-42. [PMID: 23336043 DOI: 10.1021/cn300138m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor is the major target of psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, and psilocybin. Serotonergic psychedelics induce profound effects on cognition, emotion, and sensory processing that often seem uniquely human. This raises questions about the validity of animal models of psychedelic drug action. Nonetheless, recent findings suggest behavioral abnormalities elicited by psychedelics in rodents that predict such effects in humans. Here we review the behavioral effects induced by psychedelic drugs in rodent models, discuss the translational potential of these findings, and define areas where further research is needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms and neuronal circuits underlying their neuropsychological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B. Hanks
- Departments of Psychiatry and ‡Neurology, §Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Departments of Psychiatry and ‡Neurology, §Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, United States
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14
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Beaulieu JM. A role for Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 as integrators of dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission in mental health. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2012; 37:7-16. [PMID: 21711983 PMCID: PMC3244494 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.110011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental illnesses, such as bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression and schizophrenia are a major public health concern worldwide. Several pharmacologic agents acting on monoamine neurotransmission are used for the management of these disorders. However, there is still little understanding of the ultimate molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of these drugs or their relations with disease etiology. Here I provide an overview of recent advances on the involvement of the signalling molecules Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) in the regulation of behaviour by the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). I examine the possible participation of these signalling molecules to the effects of antidepressants, lithium and antipsychotics, as well as their possible contribution to mental disorders. Regulation of Akt and GSK3 may constitute an important signalling hub in the subcellular integration of 5-HT and DA neurotransmission. It may also provide a link between the action of these neurotransmitters and gene products, like disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) and neuregulin (NRG), that are associated with increased risk for mental disorders. However, changes in Akt and GSK3 signalling are not restricted to a single disorder, and their contribution to specific behavioural symptoms or therapeutic effects may be modulated by broader changes in biologic contexts or signalling landscapes. Understanding these interactions may provide a better understanding of mental illnesses, leading to better efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Martin Beaulieu
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard (CRULRG), Québec, Canada.
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15
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Quednow BB, Geyer MA, Halberstadt AL. Serotonin and Schizophrenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-7339(10)70102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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16
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Moreno JL, Sealfon SC, González-Maeso J. Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors and schizophrenia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:3777-85. [PMID: 19707855 PMCID: PMC2792875 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental illnesses, with hereditary and environmental factors important for its etiology. All antipsychotics have in common a high affinity for monoaminergic receptors. Whereas hallucinations and delusions usually respond to typical (haloperidol-like) and atypical (clozapine-like) monoaminergic antipsychotics, their efficacy in improving negative symptoms and cognitive deficits remains inadequate. In addition, devastating side effects are a common characteristic of monoaminergic antipsychotics. Recent biochemical, preclinical and clinical findings support group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2 and mGluR3) as a new approach to treat schizophrenia. This paper reviews the status of general knowledge of mGluR2 and mGluR3 in the psychopharmacology, genetics and neuropathology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Stuart C. Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Center for Translational Systems Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029 USA
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