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Yuan X, Zhang W, Liu L, Lin Y, Xie L, Chai X, Xu K, Du G, Zhang L. A Chitosan-Based Fluorescent Probe Combined with Smartphone Technology for the Detection of Hypochlorite in Pure Water. Molecules 2023; 28:6316. [PMID: 37687144 PMCID: PMC10489715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Using chitosan as a raw material, 1,8-naphthimide as the fluorescent chromophore, and sulfur-containing compounds as the recognition groups, a novel naphthimide-functionalized chitosan probe, CS-BNS, for the detection of ClO- was successfully synthesized. The modification of chitosan was verified by SEM, XRD, FTIR, mapping, 13C-NMR, TG and the structure of the probe molecule was characterized. The identification performance of the probes was studied using UV and fluorescence spectrophotometers. The results show that CS-BNS exhibits a specific response to ClO- based on the oxidative reaction of ClO- to the recognition motifs, as well as a good resistance to interference. And the probe has high sensitivity and fast response time, and can complete the detection of ClO- in a pure water system within 60 s. The probe can also quantify ClO- (y = 30.698x + 532.37, R2 = 0.9833) with a detection limit as low as 0.27 μM. In addition, the combination of the probe with smartphone technology enables the visualization and real-time monitoring of ClO-. Moreover, an identification system for ClO- was established by combining the probe with smartphone technology, which realized the visualization and real-time monitoring of ClO-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushuo Yuan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Li Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Yanfei Lin
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Linkun Xie
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Xijuan Chai
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Kaimeng Xu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
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Wang Q, Chen W, Ma C, Chen S, Liu X, Liu F. Enzymatic synthesis of sodium caseinate-EGCG-carboxymethyl chitosan ternary film: Structure, physical properties, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:509-520. [PMID: 36122777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and polysaccharides have been frequently used in recent years to prepare environment-friendly packaging materials. However, films based on proteins or polysaccharides alone often have poor performance as packaging, so they need to be combined to improve properties. In this work, we applied enzyme technology to prepare sodium caseinate (SC)-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) films, incorporating epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as bridging molecules and antibacterial agents. SC-EGCG-CMC ternary conjugate was firstly synthesized by tyrosinase (Tyr), and the composite films were then prepared with the aid of glycerol. Under tyrosinase catalytic conditions, EGCG could cross-link with SC and CMC covalently. The effects of different concentrations of EGCG and tyrosinase on mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, antibacterial properties and free radical scavenging ability were studied. The crosslinking degree and mechanical properties were improved with the increase of EGCG and tyrosinase content. The film showed good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, the antibacterial activity and free radical scavenging ability increased with the increase of EGCG concentration. This work provides an efficient enzymatic method to prepare films with good strength and antibacterial properties, which can be used to improve the storage quality of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuicui Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Development of a Multi-Enzymatic Approach for the Modification of Biopolymers with Ferulic Acid. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070992. [PMID: 35883548 PMCID: PMC9312976 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of polymers, including chitosan (CS), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and a chitosan-gelatin (CS-GEL) hybrid polymer, were functionalized with ferulic acid (FA) derived from the enzymatic treatment of arabinoxylan through the synergistic action of two enzymes, namely, xylanase and feruloyl esterase. Subsequently, the ferulic acid served as the substrate for laccase from Agaricus bisporus (AbL) in order to enzymatically functionalize the above-mentioned polymers. The successful grafting of the oxidized ferulic acid products onto the different polymers was confirmed through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Additionally, an enhancement of the antioxidant properties of the functionalized polymers was observed according to the DDPH and ABTS protocols. Finally, the modified polymers exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against bacterial populations of Escherichia coli BL21DE3 strain, suggesting their potential application in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries.
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Chen W, Ma S, Wang Q, McClements DJ, Liu X, Ngai T, Liu F. Fortification of edible films with bioactive agents: a review of their formation, properties, and application in food preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5029-5055. [PMID: 33554629 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1881435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable films constructed from food ingredients are being developed for food coating and packaging applications to create more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to plastics and other synthetic film-forming materials. In particular, there is a focus on the creation of active packaging materials from natural ingredients, especially plant-based ones. The film matrix is typically constructed from film-forming food components, such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. These matrices can be fortified with active ingredients, such as antioxidants and antimicrobials, so as to enhance their functional properties. Edible active films must be carefully designed to have the required optical, mechanical, barrier, and preservative properties needed for commercial applications. This review focuses on the fabrication, properties, and functional performance of edible films constructed from natural active ingredients. It provides an overview of the type of active ingredients that can be used, how they interact with the film matrix, how they migrate through the films, and how they are released. It also discusses the potential application of these active films for food preservation. Finally, future trends are highlighted and areas where further research are required are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiankun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.,Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Yu C, Liu X, Pei J, Wang Y. Grafting of laccase-catalysed oxidation of butyl paraben and p-coumaric acid onto chitosan to improve its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Vasiliu S, Lungan M, Gugoasa I, Drobota M, Popa M, Mihai M, Racovita S. Design of Porous Microparticles Based on Chitosan and Methacrylic Monomers. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vasiliu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley No. 41 A 700487 Iasi Romania
| | | | - Ionela Gugoasa
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of IasiFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental ProtectionDepartment of Natural and Synthetic Polymers Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street No. 73 700050 Iasi Romania
| | - Mioara Drobota
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley No. 41 A 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Marcel Popa
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of IasiFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental ProtectionDepartment of Natural and Synthetic Polymers Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street No. 73 700050 Iasi Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists Splaiul Independentei Street No. 54 050085 Bucuresti Romania
| | - Marcela Mihai
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley No. 41 A 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Stefania Racovita
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley No. 41 A 700487 Iasi Romania
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Merzendorfer H. Chitosan Derivatives and Grafted Adjuncts with Unique Properties. BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mittal H, Ray SS, Kaith BS, Bhatia JK, Sukriti, Sharma J, Alhassan SM. Recent progress in the structural modification of chitosan for applications in diversified biomedical fields. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Liu N, Ni S, Ragauskas AJ, Meng X, Hao N, Fu Y. Laccase-mediated functionalization of chitosan with 4-hexyloxyphenol enhances antioxidant and hydrophobic properties of copolymer. J Biotechnol 2018; 269:8-15. [PMID: 29408201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An effective method to functionalize chitosan with 4-hexyloxyphenol (HP) under homogeneous reaction conditions was developed using laccase as the catalyst. The resulting copolymer was characterized for chemical structure, grafted-HP content, surface morphology, thermal stability, antioxidant capacity, hydrophobic properties and tensile strength. Solid-state 13C NMR spectrum confirmed the incorporation of HP onto chitosan. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed a decrease in the degree of crystallinity for laccase/HP treated chitosan compared to pure chitosan. The grafted-HP content in laccase/HP-treated chitosan first increased and then declined with increase of the initial HP/chitosan ratio. A heterogeneous surface with spherical particles on the laccase/HP treated chitosan was observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The laccase/HP treatment of chitosan improved the thermal stability of copolymer. More significantly, the HP functionalized chitosan showed greatly improved ABTS+ and DPPH radicals scavenging capacity, compared with pure chitosan. The hydrophobicity property of the HP functionalized chitosan also significantly increased although its tensile strength decreased. This new type of composite with double functionalities (i.e., antioxidant and hydrophobic) could potentially be used as food packaging materials or coating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- College of Paper and Plant Resources Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, China; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Shuzhen Ni
- College of Paper and Plant Resources Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Naijia Hao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Yingjuan Fu
- College of Paper and Plant Resources Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
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Liu Y, Li J, Tschirhart T, Terrell JL, Kim E, Tsao C, Kelly DL, Bentley WE, Payne GF. Connecting Biology to Electronics: Molecular Communication via Redox Modality. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 29045017 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biology and electronics are both expert at for accessing, analyzing, and responding to information. Biology uses ions, small molecules, and macromolecules to receive, analyze, store, and transmit information, whereas electronic devices receive input in the form of electromagnetic radiation, process the information using electrons, and then transmit output as electromagnetic waves. Generating the capabilities to connect biology-electronic modalities offers exciting opportunities to shape the future of biosensors, point-of-care medicine, and wearable/implantable devices. Redox reactions offer unique opportunities for bio-device communication that spans the molecular modalities of biology and electrical modality of devices. Here, an approach to search for redox information through an interactive electrochemical probing that is analogous to sonar is adopted. The capabilities of this approach to access global chemical information as well as information of specific redox-active chemical entities are illustrated using recent examples. An example of the use of synthetic biology to recognize external molecular information, process this information through intracellular signal transduction pathways, and generate output responses that can be detected by electrical modalities is also provided. Finally, exciting results in the use of redox reactions to actuate biology are provided to illustrate that synthetic biology offers the potential to guide biological response through electrical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Jinyang Li
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Tanya Tschirhart
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Jessica L. Terrell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Chen‐Yu Tsao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Deanna L. Kelly
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21228 USA
| | - William E. Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Gregory F. Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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Miller DJ, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Paul DR, Freeman BD. Surface Modification of Water Purification Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4662-4711. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Miller
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, 30-210C Berkeley CA 94702 USA
| | - Daniel R. Dreyer
- Nalco Champion 3200 Southwest Freeway, Ste. 2700 Houston TX 77027 USA
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Donald R. Paul
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas at Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
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Miller DJ, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Paul DR, Freeman BD. Oberflächenmodifizierung von Wasseraufbereitungsmembranen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Miller
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, 30-210C Berkeley CA 94702 USA
| | - Daniel R. Dreyer
- Nalco Champion 3200 Southwest Freeway, Ste. 2700 Houston TX 77027 USA
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republik Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republik Korea
| | - Donald R. Paul
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, Center for Energy and Environmental Resources The University of Texas, Austin 10100 Burnet Road, Building 133 Austin TX 78758 USA
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Cieńska M, Labus K, Lewańczuk M, Koźlecki T, Liesiene J, Bryjak J. Effective L-Tyrosine Hydroxylation by Native and Immobilized Tyrosinase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164213. [PMID: 27711193 PMCID: PMC5053437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) by immobilized tyrosinase in the presence of ascorbic acid (AH2), which reduces DOPA-quinone to L-DOPA, is characterized by low reaction yields that are mainly caused by the suicide inactivation of tyrosinase by L-DOPA and AH2. The main aim of this work was to compare processes with native and immobilized tyrosinase to identify the conditions that limit suicide inactivation and produce substrate conversions to L-DOPA of above 50% using HPLC analysis. It was shown that immobilized tyrosinase does not suffer from partitioning and diffusion effects, allowing a direct comparison of the reactions performed with both forms of the enzyme. In typical processes, additional aeration was applied and boron ions to produce the L-DOPA and AH2 complex and hydroxylamine to close the cycle of enzyme active center transformations. It was shown that the commonly used pH 9 buffer increased enzyme stability, with concomitant reduced reactivity of 76%, and that under these conditions, the maximal substrate conversion was approximately 25 (native) to 30% (immobilized enzyme). To increase reaction yield, the pH of the reaction mixture was reduced to 8 and 7, producing L-DOPA yields of approximately 95% (native enzyme) and 70% (immobilized). A three-fold increase in the bound enzyme load achieved 95% conversion in two successive runs, but in the third one, tyrosinase lost its activity due to strong suicide inactivation caused by L-DOPA processing. In this case, the cost of the immobilized enzyme preparation is not overcome by its reuse over time, and native tyrosinase may be more economically feasible for a single use in L-DOPA production. The practical importance of the obtained results is that highly efficient hydroxylation of monophenols by tyrosinase can be obtained by selecting the proper reaction pH and is a compromise between complexation and enzyme reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Cieńska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Labus
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Lewańczuk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Koźlecki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Liesiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jolanta Bryjak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Aljawish A, Muniglia L, Klouj A, Jasniewski J, Scher J, Desobry S. Characterization of films based on enzymatically modified chitosan derivatives with phenol compounds. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Enzymatic modification of polysaccharides: Mechanisms, properties, and potential applications: A review. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 90:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Radiation-assisted controlled grafting and reaction parameter optimization of an industrially important polyolefin elastomer (POE). POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Iqbal HMN, Kyazze G, Locke IC, Tron T, Keshavarz T. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-ethyl cellulose based bio-composites with novel characteristics for infection free wound healing application. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:552-9. [PMID: 26314909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of bio-composites including poly3-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] grafted ethyl cellulose (EC) stated as P(3HB)-EC were successfully synthesised. Furthermore, natural phenols e.g., p-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and ferulic acid (FA) were grafted onto the newly developed P(3HB)-EC-based bio-composites under laccase-assisted environment without the use of additional initiators or crosslinking agents. The phenol grafted bio-composites were critically evaluated for their antibacterial and biocompatibility features as well as their degradability in soil. In particular, the results of the antibacterial evaluation for the newly developed bio-composites indicated that 20HBA-g-P(3HB)-EC and 15FA-g-P(3HB)-EC bio-composites exerted strong bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity against Gram(-)E. coli NTCT 10418 as compared to the Gram(+)B. subtilis NCTC 3610. This study shows further that at various phenolic concentrations the newly synthesised bio-composites remained cytocompatible with human keratinocyte-like HaCaT skin cells, as 100% cell viability was recorded, in vitro. As for the degradation, an increase in the degradation rate was recorded during the soil burial analyses over a period of 42 days. These findings suggest that the reported bio-composites have great potential for use in wound healing; covering the affected skin area which may favour tissue repair over shorter periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Godfrey Kyazze
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Charles Locke
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thierry Tron
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Tajalli Keshavarz
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
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Iqbal HMN, Kyazze G, Locke IC, Tron T, Keshavarz T. Development of bio-composites with novel characteristics: Evaluation of phenol-induced antibacterial, biocompatible and biodegradable behaviours. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 131:197-207. [PMID: 26256176 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a laccase-assisted grafting of gallic acid (GA) and thymol (T) as functional entities onto the previously developed P(3HB)-g-EC composite. GA-g-P(3HB)-g-EC and T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC bio-composites were prepared by laccase-assisted free radical-induced graft polymerisation of GA and T onto the P(3HB)-g-EC based composite using surface dipping and incorporation technique. The results of the antibacterial evaluation for the prepared composites indicated that 15GA-g-P(3HB)-g-EC, 15T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC and 20T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC composites possessed the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis NCTC 3610 and Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 and Gram-negative Escherichia coli NTCT 10418 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 10662 strains. In this study, we have also tested GA-g-P(3HB)-g-EC and T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC bio-composites for their ability to support and maintain multilineage differentiation of human keratinocyte-like (HaCaT) skin cells in-vitro. From the cytotoxicity results, the tested composites showed 100% viability and did not induce any adverse effect on a HaCaT's morphology. Finally, in soil burial evaluation, a progressive increase in the degradation rate of GA-g-P(3HB)-g-EC and T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC bio-composites was recorded with the passage of time up to 6 weeks. In summary, our current findings suggest that GA-g-P(3HB)-g-EC and T-g-P(3HB)-g-EC bio-composites are promising candidates for biomedical type applications such as skin regeneration, multiphasic tissue engineering and/or medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London W1 W 6UW, United Kingdom.
| | - Godfrey Kyazze
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London W1 W 6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Ian C Locke
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London W1 W 6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Thierry Tron
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Tajalli Keshavarz
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London W1 W 6UW, United Kingdom.
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Aljawish A, Chevalot I, Jasniewski J, Scher J, Muniglia L. Enzymatic synthesis of chitosan derivatives and their potential applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Das D, Pal S. Modified biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels: application in controlled drug delivery. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes hydrogels and their classifications along with the synthesis and properties of biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels towards potential application in controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Das
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
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22
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Iqbal HMN, Kyazze G, Tron T, Keshavarz T. “One-pot” synthesis and characterisation of novel P(3HB)–ethyl cellulose based graft composites through lipase catalysed esterification. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00857j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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23
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Rheological and antioxidant power studies of enzymatically grafted chitosan with a hydrophobic alkyl side chain. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Immobilization of Tyrosinase on Chitosan - An Optimal Approach to Enhance the Productivity ofL-DOPA fromL-Tyrosine. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200500053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Itzincab-Mejía L, López-Luna A, Gimeno M, Shirai K, Bárzana E. Enzymatic grafting of gallate ester onto chitosan: evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Itzincab-Mejía
- Depto. Alimentos y Biotecnología; Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria; México D.F; 04510; México
| | - Alberto López-Luna
- Departamento de Biotecnologia; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana; Mexico; D.F. Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col.; Vicentina C.P; 09340; México
| | - Miquel Gimeno
- Depto. Alimentos y Biotecnología; Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria; México D.F; 04510; México
| | - Keiko Shirai
- Departamento de Biotecnologia; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana; Mexico; D.F. Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186 Col.; Vicentina C.P; 09340; México
| | - Eduardo Bárzana
- Depto. Alimentos y Biotecnología; Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria; México D.F; 04510; México
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Shukla SK, Mishra AK, Arotiba OA, Mamba BB. Chitosan-based nanomaterials: a state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:46-58. [PMID: 23608103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript briefly reviews the extensive research as well as new developments on chitosan based nanomaterials for various applications. Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer having immense structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modification to generate novel properties and functions in different fields especially in the biomedical field. Over the last era, research in functional biomaterials such as chitosan has led to the development of new drug delivery system and superior regenerative medicine, currently one of the most quickly growing fields in the area of health science. Chitosan is known as a biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxic properties. These properties clearly point out that chitosan has greater potential for future development in different fields of science namely drug delivery, gene delivery, cell imaging, sensors and also in the treatment as well as diagnosis of some diseases like cancer. Chitosan based nanomaterials have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity, photo-luminescent as well as increased mechanical properties as comparison to pure chitosan. This review highlights the recent research on different aspect of chitosan based nanomaterials, including their preparation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheesh K Shukla
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Lee Y, Park KM, Bae JW, Park KD. Facile surface PEGylation via tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidative reaction for the preparation of non-fouling surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:585-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rocasalbas G, Touriño S, Torres JL, Tzanov T. A new approach to produce plant antioxidant-loaded chitosan for modulating proteolytic environment and bacterial growth. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1241-1248. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00239f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Liu J, Wang C, Wu Y. Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with water-soluble chitosan as the stabilizer. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Torres E, Marín V, Aburto J, Beltrán HI, Shirai K, Villanueva S, Sandoval G. Enzymatic modification of chitosan with quercetin and its application as antioxidant edible films. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683812020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Aljawish A, Chevalot I, Piffaut B, Rondeau-Mouro C, Girardin M, Jasniewski J, Scher J, Muniglia L. Functionalization of chitosan by laccase-catalyzed oxidation of ferulic acid and ethyl ferulate under heterogeneous reaction conditions. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:537-544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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33
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Singha AS, Rana RK. Chemically induced graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto lignocellulosic fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Enzymatic synthesis of catechol and hydroxyl-carboxic acid functionalized chitosan microspheres for iron overload therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:294-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Nady N, Schroën K, Franssen MCR, Lagen BV, Murali S, Boom RM, Mohyeldin MS, Zuilhof H. Mild and highly flexible enzyme-catalyzed modification of poly(ethersulfone) membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:801-810. [PMID: 21344870 DOI: 10.1021/am101155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethersulfone) (PES) membranes are widely used in industry for separation and purification purposes. However, the drawback of this type of membranes is fouling by proteins. For that reason, modification of PES membranes has been studied to enhance their protein repellence. This paper presents the first example of enzyme-catalyzed modification of PES membranes. Various phenolic acids (enzyme substrates) were bound to a membrane under very mild conditions (room temperature, water, nearly neutral pH) using only laccase from Trametes versicolor as catalyst. The extent of modification, monitored, for example, by the coloration of the modified membranes, can be tuned by adjusting the reaction conditions. The most significant results were obtained with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid as substrates. The presence of a covalently bound layer of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid on the grafted membranes was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS), and NMR. In the case of gallic acid, PES membrane modification is mainly caused by adsorption of enzymatically formed homopolymer. The ionization potential of the substrates, and the electronic energies and spin densities of the radicals that are intermediates in the attachment reaction were calculated (B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)) to determine the reactive sites and the order of reactivity of radical substrates to couple with the PES membrane. The calculated order of reactivity of the substrates is in line with the experimental observations. The calculated spin densities in the phenolic radicals are highest at the oxygen atom, which is in line with the formation of ether linkages as observed by IRRAS. The liquid fluxes of the modified membranes are hardly influenced by the grafted layers, in spite of the presence of a substantial and stable new layer, which opens a range of application possibilities for these modified membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan Nady
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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37
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An J, Yuan X, Luo Q, Wang D. Preparation of chitosan-graft-(methyl methacrylate)/Ag nanocomposite with antimicrobial activity. POLYM INT 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Curcio M, Puoci F, Iemma F, Parisi OI, Cirillo G, Spizzirri UG, Picci N. Covalent insertion of antioxidant molecules on chitosan by a free radical grafting procedure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:5933-5938. [PMID: 19566085 DOI: 10.1021/jf900778u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of gallic acid-chitosan and catechin-chitosan conjugates was carried out by adopting a free radical-induced grafting procedure. For this purpose, an ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide redox pair was employed as radical initiator. The formation of covalent bonds between antioxidant and biopolymer was verified by performing UV, FT-IR, and DSC analyses, whereas the antioxidant properties of chitosan conjugates were compared with that of a blank chitosan, treated in the same conditions but in the absence of antioxidant molecules. The good antioxidant activity shown by functionalized materials proved the efficiency of the reaction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Curcio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, CS 87036, Italy
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Sousa F, Guebitz GM, Kokol V. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan enzymatically functionalized with flavonoids. Process Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Hossain KG, González MD, Lozano GR, Tzanov T. Multifunctional modification of wool using an enzymatic process in aqueous–organic media. J Biotechnol 2009; 141:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Kalia S, Kaith B, Kaur I. Pretreatments of natural fibers and their application as reinforcing material in polymer composites-A review. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 918] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Alves N, Mano J. Chitosan derivatives obtained by chemical modifications for biomedical and environmental applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2008; 43:401-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Revised: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Jus S, Kokol V, Guebitz GM. Tyrosinase-catalysed coupling of functional molecules onto protein fibres. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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44
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45
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Synthesis and characterization of poly(acrylamidoglycolic acid) grafted onto chitosan and its polyelectrolyte complexes with hydroxyapatite. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Zhou Q, Xie Q, Fu Y, Su Z, Jia X, Yao S. Electrodeposition of Carbon Nanotubes−Chitosan−Glucose Oxidase Biosensing Composite Films Triggered by Reduction of p-Benzoquinone or H2O2. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:11276-84. [PMID: 17803301 DOI: 10.1021/jp073884i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here on the electroreduction of p-benzoquinone (BQ) or H2O2 as a new trigger for simple, fast, uniform, and controllable electrodeposition of chitosan (CS) hydrogels and biosensing nanocomposite films of CS, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and glucose oxidase (GOD). The multiparameter electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on crystal electroacoustic impedance analysis was used to dynamically monitor the deposition processes. When the EQCM Au electrode was immersed in a weakly acidic solution (here pH 5.1 acetic buffer) containing BQ (or H2O2) and CS, the proton consumption during BQ (or H2O2) electroreduction increased the local solution pH near the electrode surface and led to the deposition of CS hydrogel on the electrode surface at local pH near and above the pKa value of CS. The concentration of BQ (or H2O2) required for CS electrodeposition was theoretically evaluated based on an electrogenerated base-to-acid titration model and supported by experiments. Co-deposition of GOD and MWCNTs with the CS hydrogel was achieved, and the resulting MWCNTs-CS-GOD nanocomposite films were demonstrated for glucose biosensing. The MWCNTs-CS-GOD enzyme electrode prepared by BQ reduction exhibited a current sensitivity of 6.7 microA mM-1 cm-2 to glucose, and the linear range for glucose detection at 0.7 V vs SCE was from 5 microM to 8 mM, with a detection limit of 2 microM and a Michaelis-Menten constant of 6.8 mM. The BQ-electroreduction protocol exhibited the best sensor performance, as compared with H2O2-reduction and previously reported water-reduction values. The present protocol via electroreduction of a deliberately added oxidant that is accompanied by a local pH change is highly recommended for wider applications in pH-dependent deposition of other films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
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47
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Synthesis and properties of chitosan-modified poly(vinyl butyrate). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-007-9100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Yamada K, Aoki T, Ikeda N, Hirata M. Application of enzymatically gelled chitosan solutions to water-resistant adhesives. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Freddi G, Anghileri A, Sampaio S, Buchert J, Monti P, Taddei P. Tyrosinase-catalyzed modification of Bombyx mori silk fibroin: Grafting of chitosan under heterogeneous reaction conditions. J Biotechnol 2006; 125:281-94. [PMID: 16621091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Revised: 02/14/2006] [Accepted: 03/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The capability of mushroom tyrosinase to catalyze the oxidation of tyrosine residues of Bombyx mori silk fibroin was studied under heterogeneous reaction conditions, by using a series of silk substrates differing in surface and bulk morphology and structure, i.e. hydrated and insoluble gels, mechanically generated powder and fibre. Tyrosinase was able to oxidize 10-11% of the tyrosine residues of silk gels. The yield of the reaction was very low for the powder and undetectable for fibres. FT-Raman spectroscopy gave evidence of the oxidation reaction. New bands attributable to vibrations of oxidized tyrosine species (o-quinone) appeared, and the value of the I853/I829 intensity ratio of the tyrosine doublet changed following oxidation of tyrosine. The thermal behaviour of SF substrates was not affected by enzymatic oxidation. o-Quinones formed by tyrosinase onto gels and powder were able to undergo non-enzymatic coupling with chitosan. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy provided clear evidence of the formation of silk-chitosan bioconjugates under heterogeneous reaction conditions. Chitosan grafting caused a beta-sheet --> random coil conformational transition of silk fibroin and significant changes in the thermal behaviour. Chitosan grafting did not occur, or occurred at an undetectable level on silk fibres. The results reported in this study show the potential of the enzymatically initiated protein-polysaccharide grafting for the production of a new range of bio-based, environmentally friendly polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Freddi
- Stazione Sperimentale per la Seta, via Giuseppe Colombo 83, Milano, Italy.
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50
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dos Santos KSCR, Coelho JFJ, Ferreira P, Pinto I, Lorenzetti SG, Ferreira EI, Higa OZ, Gil MH. Synthesis and characterization of membranes obtained by graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid onto chitosan. Int J Pharm 2006; 310:37-45. [PMID: 16414219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Revised: 11/02/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan based membranes to be applied on wound healing as topical drug delivery systems were developed by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) onto chitosan using cerium ammonium nitrate as chemical initiator. Evidence for graft copolymerization of the vinyl monomers onto chitosan was obtained by FTIR and DMTA. Swelling degree, cytotoxicity, thrombogenicity and haemolytic activity of these membranes were evaluated. Chitosan-graft-AA-graft-HEMA showed to be the best matrix for drug delivery systems than chitosan-graft-AA because it retains good swelling properties, but the content in HEMA has improved cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and thrombogenic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S C R dos Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
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