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Cui Y, Hu M, Zhou H, Guo J, Wang Q, Xu Z, Chen L, Zhang W, Tang S. Identifying potential drug targets for varicose veins through integration of GWAS and eQTL summary data. Front Genet 2024; 15:1385293. [PMID: 38818040 PMCID: PMC11138158 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1385293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Varicose veins (VV) are a common chronic venous disease that is influenced by multiple factors. It affects the quality of life of patients and imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to use integrated analysis methods, including Mendelian randomization analysis, to identify potential pathogenic genes and drug targets for VV treatment. Methods This study conducted Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) analysis and colocalization analysis on data collected from genome-wide association studies and cis-expression quantitative trait loci databases. Only genes with PP.H4 > 0.7 in colocalization were chosen from the significant SMR results. After the above analysis, we screened 12 genes and performed Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis on them. After sensitivity analysis, we identified four genes with potential causal relationships with VV. Finally, we used transcriptome-wide association studies and The Drug-Gene Interaction Database data to identify and screen the remaining genes and identified four drug targets for the treatment of VV. Results We identified four genes significantly associated with VV, namely, KRTAP5-AS1 [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.08, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.11, p = 1.42e-10] and PLEKHA5 (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06-1.20, p = 6.90e-5), CBWD1 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11, p = 1.42e-2) and CRIM1 (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95, p = 3.67e-3). Increased expression of three genes, namely, KRTAP5-AS1, PLEKHA5, and CBWD1, was associated with increased risk of the disease, and increased expression of CRIM1 was associated with decreased risk of the disease. These four genes could be targeted for VV therapy. Conclusion We identified four potential causal proteins for varicose veins with MR. A comprehensive analysis indicated that KRTAP5-AS1, PLEKHA5, CBWD1, and CRIM1 might be potential drug targets for varicose veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cui
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Hu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - He Zhou
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiarui Guo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qijia Wang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaihua Xu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyun Chen
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Plastic Surgery Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou Plastic Surgery Clinical Research Center, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wancong Zhang
- Plastic Surgery Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou Plastic Surgery Clinical Research Center, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Plastic Surgery Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou Plastic Surgery Clinical Research Center, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Kikuchi R, Nhuch C, Drummond DAB, Santiago FR, Coelho F, Mauro FDO, Silveira FT, Peçanha GP, Merlo I, Corassa JM, Stambowsky L, Figueiredo M, Takayanagi M, Gomes Flumignan RL, Evangelista SSM, Campos W, Joviliano EE, de Araujo WJB, de Oliveira JCP. Brazilian guidelines on chronic venous disease of the Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery. J Vasc Bras 2023; 22:e20230064. [PMID: 38021274 PMCID: PMC10648055 DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.202300642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery has set up a committee to provide new evidence-based recommendations for patient care associated with chronic venous insufficiency. Topics were divided in five groups: 1. Classification, 2. Diagnosis, 3. Conservative or non-invasive treatment, 4. Invasive treatment and 5. Treatment of small vessels. This last series is closely related to the activities of Brazilian angiologists and vascular surgeons, who are heavily involved in the treatment of small superficial veins. These guidelines are intended to assist in clinical decision-making for attending physicians and health managers. The decision to follow a guideline recommendation should be made by the responsible physician on a case-by-case basis taking into account the patient's specific condition, as well as local resources, regulations, laws, and clinical practice recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Kikuchi
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de São Paulo – FCMSCSP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Instituto de Excelência Vascular, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
| | - Claudio Nhuch
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Clínica Vascular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
| | - Daniel Autran Burlier Drummond
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro – PUC-Rio, Departamento de Ciências da Computação, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Fabricio Rodrigues Santiago
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Instituto de Excelência Vascular, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
- Instituto de Doenças Venosas e Linfáticas – IDVL, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
| | - Felipe Coelho
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná – PUCPR, Departamento de Cirurgia, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
| | | | | | | | - Ivanesio Merlo
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Jose Marcelo Corassa
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Leonardo Stambowsky
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Marcondes Figueiredo
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Miriam Takayanagi
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Ronald Luiz Gomes Flumignan
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Departamento de Cirurgia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Solange Seguro Meyge Evangelista
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Clínica Varizemed, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
| | - Walter Campos
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Medicina, Disciplina de Cirurgia Vascular, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Edwaldo Edner Joviliano
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Medicina – FMRP, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Walter Junior Boim de Araujo
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Residência em Angiorradiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital de Clínicas, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
| | - Julio Cesar Peclat de Oliveira
- Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular – SBACV, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO, Departamento de Cirurgia Geral e Especializada, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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Singh A, Gattani R. A Narrative Review of Advancements in Understanding and Treating Varicose Veins. Cureus 2023; 15:e48093. [PMID: 38046781 PMCID: PMC10690676 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease, with varicose veins as its archetypal manifestation, stands as a pervasive and intricate health quandary, encompassing a vast array of contributing factors. Age, genetics, obesity, pregnancy, and prolonged immobility weave a complex tapestry, underscoring the omnipresence of this ailment. Its societal and economic footprint is undeniably formidable, as diverse classifications underscore its multifaceted character. The intricate interplay of chronic venous disease with diabetes mellitus and neuropathy compounds the challenge, fostering soaring healthcare expenditures and a palpable erosion of quality of life, particularly among women harboring cardiometabolic risk factors. Despite research shedding light on heightened susceptibility within certain demographics, the enigmatic determinants orchestrating the transition from mild to severe chronic venous disease continue to elude us. Varicose veins, marked by the presence of dilated and tortuous subcutaneous vessels, precipitate both physical discomfort and cosmetic concerns, frequently necessitating meticulous clinical evaluation coupled with ultrasound studies to secure a precise diagnosis. Treatment strategies are strategically crafted to ameliorate distressing symptoms, enhance aesthetic concerns, and forestall potential complications. Nevertheless, the prognostication of chronic venous disease remains ensconced in a degree of ambiguity, hinting at the vast terrain yet to be charted in this medical domain. The quest to fathom the intricacies of this condition uncovers an ever-evolving panorama where conservative interventions play an indispensable role in managing mild cases, while interventional procedures like endovenous laser ablation and sclerotherapy step onto the stage for patients grappling with severe symptoms, thus treading the fine line between efficacy and invasiveness. Moreover, a meticulous economic analysis underscores the cost-effectiveness of various therapeutic modalities, thereby bolstering the imperative of a patient-centered approach. As we navigate the labyrinthine complexities of chronic venous disease and varicose vein management, we are inexorably drawn to the pivotal role of customized treatment approaches, as well as the dynamic interplay between scientific progress, patient preferences, and therapeutic innovations in the relentless pursuit of optimized outcomes and an enhanced quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh
- Medical School, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Rajesh Gattani
- General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Cui L, Zhang X, Xu L. Topical injection of sclerosant to treat cheek subcutaneous venous malformation resulting in blindness: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:384. [PMID: 37726700 PMCID: PMC10510258 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of vision after topical injection of sclerosant is a rare and uncommon complication. We describe a case with vision loss following the facial injections of physician-compounded (PCP) foam sclerotherapy which was created by room air. A 3-year-old boy underwent injection of 5ml polidocanol foamed with room air to treat the venous malformation on the cheek near the left orbit. The boy experienced the whole facial swelling on day 2 after the third injection, especially involving the left side, the visual acuity in the left eye was counting fingers at 30 cm and the swelling reduced at 7 days later after referral. Fundus examination on day 15 revealed hemorrhage inferior to the optic disc and fluorescein angiography revealed blocked fluorescein. The OCT on day 15 showed the edema of the nerve fiber layer beside the fovea. The patient's hearing was also impaired. PCP foam sclerotherapy with room air produced in typical concentrations, preparations as well as volumes always causes vision loss among children. Continued evaluation on the effects of product, gas, volume, and patient age identify optimal approaches will avoid the toxicity and side-effects caused by facial foam sclerotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang Fourth People Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, Chinese Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang Fourth People Hospital, Liaoning, China.
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Xu J, Xu X, Tian J, Huang M, Xia Z, Luo X, Zheng J, Huang K. Comparison of day surgery between varicose veins with and without superficial venous thrombosis below knee: a propensity score-matched analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:387. [PMID: 37537563 PMCID: PMC10401813 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Development of endovenous treatment and sclerotherapy technology makes it feasible for clinicians to treat varicose veins (VV) through day surgery (DS). Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) of lower extremities is a common complication of VV. This study aimed to investigate whether the existence of SVT below knee affect the safety and efficacy of DS for VV patients. METHODS This is a single-center retrospective study. Clinical data of 593 VV patients was retrospectively analyzed. Raw data were matched by the using of propensity score matching model. Operation time, technical failure, postoperative DVT, skin burns, saphenous nerve injury, subcutaneous induration, and bleeding were compared between the groups. Also, we compared VV recurrence, SVT formation, DVT events and the change of VCSS score with 12 months. RESULTS Fifty-nine patients complicated with SVT below knee were matched with 118 patients had VV only. Perioperative and follow-up outcomes were similar in both groups except for the number of incisions (median = 6 [5, 7] VS median = 4 [4, 5], P < 0.001). Both groups experienced a great decrease in VCSS score. CONCLUSION We systematically compared the clinical outcomes of DS in VV patients. Our results indicate DS is safe and effective for patients with VV, whether accompanied by SVT below the knee. TRIAL REGISTRATION The ClinicalTrials.gov identifier for this trial is NCT05380895 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatang Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haizhu District, No.33, Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haizhu District, No.33, Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haizhu District, No.33, Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minyi Huang
- Operating Theatre, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zuqi Xia
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xianghui Luo
- Operating Theatre, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haizhu District, No.33, Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haizhu District, No.33, Yingfeng Road, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58, Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
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Thieme M, El Jamal B, Kahle B. Isolierte Varikose unter dem Bild eines Gefäßtumors. PHLEBOLOGIE 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1930-3922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungWir berichten in diesem Fallbeispiel über einen Patienten, der nach einem Anpralltrauma prätibial rechts einen prall-elastischen Tumor am Ort der Verletzung entwickelte. Es erfolgte die Vorstellung zum Ausschluss eines malignen Gefäßtumors in unserer phlebologischen Sprechstunde. Sonografisch zeigte sich ein Varizenpolster im Bereich einer vorbestehenden Varize ohne Anhalt für Malignität am rechten Unterschenkel, entstanden durch die posttraumatische Angiogenese im Rahmen der Wundheilung. Aufgrund der exponierten Lage prätibial, der Gefahr einer Ruptur und den Beschwerden des Patienten entschieden wir uns zur Therapie mittels Schaumsklerosierung. Nach vier Anwendungen konnte die zuführende Vene verschlossen werden und die Beschwerden des Patienten besserten sich rasch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Thieme
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Bachar El Jamal
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Birgit Kahle
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
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