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Rymbai E, Sugumar D, Chakkittukandiyil A, Kothandan R, Selvaraj J, Selvaraj D. The identification of cianidanol as a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist and evaluation of its neuroprotective effects on Parkinson's disease models. Life Sci 2023; 333:122144. [PMID: 37797687 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aims to identify selective estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) agonists and to evaluate the neuroprotective mechanism in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. MAIN METHODS In-silico studies were carried out using Maestro and GROMACS. Neuroprotective activity and apoptosis were evaluated using cytotoxicity assay and flow cytometry respectively. Gene expression studies were carried out by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Motor and cognitive functions were assessed by actophotometer, rotarod, catalepsy, and elevated plus maze. The neuronal population in the substantia nigra and striatum of rats was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. KEY FINDINGS Cianidanol was identified as a selective ERβ agonist through virtual screening. The cianidanol-ERβ complex is stable during the 200 ns simulation and was able to retain the interactions with key amino acid residues. Cianidanol (25 μM) prevents neuronal toxicity and apoptosis induced by rotenone in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, cianidanol (25 μM) increases the expression of ERβ, cathepsin D, and Nrf2 transcripts. The neuroprotective effects of cianidanol (25 μM) were reversed in the presence of a selective ERβ antagonist. In this study, we found that selective activation of ERβ could decrease the transcription of α-synuclein gene. Additionally, cianidanol (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, oral) improves the motor and cognitive deficit in rats induced by rotenone. SIGNIFICANCE Cianidanol shows neuroprotective action in PD models and has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emdormi Rymbai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Sugumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amritha Chakkittukandiyil
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Kothandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jubie Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divakar Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Raine C, Giles I. What is the impact of sex hormones on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:909879. [PMID: 35935802 PMCID: PMC9354962 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.909879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease and has a female predominance of around 3:1. The relationship between sex hormones and RA has been of great interest to researchers ever since Philip Hench's observations in the 1930's regarding spontaneous disease amelioration in pregnancy. Extensive basic scientific work has demonstrated the immunomodulatory actions of sex hormones but this therapeutic potential has not to date resulted in successful clinical trials in RA. Epidemiological data regarding both endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors are inconsistent, but declining estrogen and/or progesterone levels in the menopause and post-partum appear to increase the risk and severity of RA. This review assimilates basic scientific, epidemiological and clinical trial data to provide an overview of the current understanding of the relationship between sex hormones and RA, focusing on estrogen, progesterone and androgens.
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Sex Steroid Receptors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis: Insights from Laboratory Studies to Clinical Trials. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071705. [PMID: 35885010 PMCID: PMC9312843 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are reproductive disorders that may cause infertility. The pathology of both diseases has been suggested to be associated with sex steroid hormone receptors, including oestrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PRs) and androgen receptors (ARs). Therefore, with this review, we aim to provide an update on the available knowledge of these receptors and how their interactions contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS and endometriosis. One of the main PCOS-related medical conditions is abnormal folliculogenesis, which is associated with the downregulation of ER and AR expression in the ovaries. In addition, metabolic disorders in PCOS are caused by dysregulation of sex steroid hormone receptor expression. Furthermore, endometriosis is related to the upregulation of ER and the downregulation of PR expression. These receptors may serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCOS-related disorders and endometriosis, considering their pathophysiological roles. Receptor agonists may be applied to increase the expression of a specific receptor and treat endometriosis or metabolic disorders. In contrast, receptor antagonist functions to reduce receptor expression and can be used to treat endometriosis and induce ovulation. Understanding PCOS and the pathological roles of endometriosis sex steroid receptors is crucial for developing potential therapeutic strategies to treat infertility in both conditions. Therefore, research should be continued to fill the knowledge gap regarding the subject.
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Banerjee A, Cai S, Xie G, Li N, Bai X, Lavudi K, Wang K, Zhang X, Zhang J, Patnaik S, Backes FJ, Bennett C, Wang QE. A Novel Estrogen Receptor β Agonist Diminishes Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells via Suppressing the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2311. [PMID: 35565440 PMCID: PMC9105687 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the female reproductive tract. A healthy ovary expresses both Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ). Given that ERα is generally considered to promote cell survival and proliferation, thereby, enhancing tumor growth, while ERβ shows a protective effect against the development and progression of tumors, the activation of ERβ by its agonists could be therapeutically beneficial for ovarian cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the activation of ERβ using a newly developed ERβ agonist, OSU-ERb-12, can impede ovarian cancer cell expansion and tumor growth in an ERα-independent manner. More interestingly, we found that OSU-ERb-12 also reduces the cancer stem cell (CSC) population in ovarian cancer by compromising non-CSC-to-CSC conversion. Mechanistically, we revealed that OSU-ERb-12 decreased the expression of Snail, a master regulator of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is associated with de novo CSC generation. Given that ERα can mediate EMT and facilitate maintenance of the CSC subpopulation and that OSU-ERb-12 can block the transactivity of ERα, we conclude that OSU-ERb-12 reduces the CSC subpopulation by inhibiting EMT in an ERα-dependent manner. Taken together, our data indicate that the ERβ agonist OSU-ERb-12 could be used to hinder tumor progression and limit the CSC subpopulation with the potential to prevent tumor relapse and metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Banerjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Shurui Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Guozhen Xie
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Na Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Xuetao Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Kousalya Lavudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Kevin Wang
- Columbus Academy, Gahanna, OH 43230, USA;
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India;
| | - Floor J. Backes
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Chad Bennett
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Qi-En Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.B.); (S.C.); (N.L.); (X.B.); (K.L.); (J.Z.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
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Pihl C, Togsverd-Bo K, Andersen F, Haedersdal M, Bjerring P, Lerche CM. Keratinocyte Carcinoma and Photoprevention: The Protective Actions of Repurposed Pharmaceuticals, Phytochemicals and Vitamins. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153684. [PMID: 34359586 PMCID: PMC8345172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Keratinocyte carcinoma is the most common type of cancer. Sun exposure and ultraviolet radiation are significant contributors to the development of carcinogenesis, mediated by DNA damage, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression and dysregulated signal transduction. Photoprevention involves using different compounds to delay or prevent ultraviolet radiation-induced skin cancer. In this review, we look at new avenues for systemic photoprevention that are based on pharmaceuticals, plant-derived phytochemicals and vitamins. We also investigate the mechanisms underlying these strategies for preventing the onset of carcinogenesis. Abstract Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) arising from sun exposure represents a major risk factor in the development of keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs). UVR exposure induces dysregulated signal transduction, oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression and DNA damage, all of which promote the induction and development of photocarcinogenesis. Because the incidence of KCs is increasing, better prevention strategies are necessary. In the concept of photoprevention, protective compounds are administered either topically or systemically to prevent the effects of UVR and the development of skin cancer. In this review, we provide descriptions of the pathways underlying photocarcinogenesis and an overview of selected photoprotective compounds, such as repurposed pharmaceuticals, plant-derived phytochemicals and vitamins. We discuss the protective potential of these compounds and their effects in pre-clinical and human trials, summarising the mechanisms of action involved in preventing photocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Pihl
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.T.-B.); (M.H.); (C.M.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Katrine Togsverd-Bo
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.T.-B.); (M.H.); (C.M.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Andersen
- Department of Dermatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark; (F.A.); (P.B.)
- Private Hospital Molholm, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.T.-B.); (M.H.); (C.M.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Bjerring
- Department of Dermatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark; (F.A.); (P.B.)
| | - Catharina Margrethe Lerche
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.T.-B.); (M.H.); (C.M.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sedlák D, Wilson TA, Tjarks W, Radomska HS, Wang H, Kolla JN, Leśnikowski ZJ, Špičáková A, Ali T, Ishita K, Rakotondraibe LH, Vibhute S, Wang D, Anzenbacher P, Bennett C, Bartunek P, Coss CC. Structure-Activity Relationship of para-Carborane Selective Estrogen Receptor β Agonists. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9330-9353. [PMID: 34181409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Selective agonism of the estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERα and ERβ, has historically been difficult to achieve due to the high degree of ligand-binding domain structural similarity. Multiple efforts have focused on the use of classical organic scaffolds to model 17β-estradiol geometry in the design of ERβ selective agonists, with several proceeding to various stages of clinical development. Carborane scaffolds offer many unique advantages including the potential for novel ligand/receptor interactions but remain relatively unexplored. We synthesized a series of para-carborane estrogen receptor agonists revealing an ERβ selective structure-activity relationship. We report ERβ agonists with low nanomolar potency, greater than 200-fold selectivity for ERβ over ERα, limited off-target activity against other nuclear receptors, and only sparse CYP450 inhibition at very high micromolar concentrations. The pharmacological properties of our para-carborane ERβ selective agonists measure favorably against clinically developed ERβ agonists and support further evaluation of carborane-based selective estrogen receptor modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sedlák
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tyler A Wilson
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Werner Tjarks
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hanna S Radomska
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jayaprakash Narayana Kolla
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zbigniew J Leśnikowski
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Biology PAS, 106 Lodowa Street, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
| | - Alena Špičáková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tehane Ali
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Keisuke Ishita
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Liva Harinantenaina Rakotondraibe
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sandip Vibhute
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Dasheng Wang
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Chad Bennett
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Petr Bartunek
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Cavalcante AFDS, Martin P, Skare TL. Gynecological/Obstetric Background and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study in Brazilian Patients. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2021; 43:357-361. [PMID: 34077986 PMCID: PMC10304980 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study a sample of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients for their gynecological/obstetric history and compare them to controls to determine their influences on number of pregnancies, menarche, menopause and reproductive years following RA onset. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 122 RA patients and 126 controls. Patients and controls were questioned about age of menarche, age of menopause, number of pregnancies and abortions. Reproductive years were calculated as the difference between age at menopause and age at menarche. For comparison, we used the Mann-Whitney, unpaired t, chi-squared, and Spearman tests. The adopted significance was 5%. RESULTS In the RA patients with disease beginning in the postmenopausal years, the period of reproductive years (age at menopause - age of menarche) showed a positive correlation with age at disease onset (rho = 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20-0.55 with p = 0.0008). The number of pregnancies was higher in patients with postmenopausal disease onset when compared with those with premenopausal disease onset (median of 3 with interquartile range [IQR] = 2-4 versus median of 2 with IQR = 1-3; p = 0.009), and RA patients had more pregnancies than controls (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSION The present study shows that, in our population, the duration of reproductive years and the number of pregnancies are linked to the onset of RA.
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8
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Cutolo M, Straub RH. Sex steroids and autoimmune rheumatic diseases: state of the art. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:628-644. [PMID: 33009519 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In autoimmune rheumatic diseases, oestrogens can stimulate certain immune responses (including effects on B cells and innate immunity), but can also have dose-related anti-inflammatory effects on T cells, macrophages and other immune cells. By contrast, androgens and progesterone have predominantly immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. Hormone replacement therapies and oral contraception (and also pregnancy) enhance or decrease the severity of autoimmune rheumatic diseases at a genetic or epigenetic level. Serum androgen concentrations are often low in men and in women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, suggesting that androgen-like compounds might be a promising therapeutic approach. However, androgen-to-oestrogen conversion (known as intracrinology) is enhanced in inflamed tissues, such as those present in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In addition, it is becoming evident that the gut microbiota differs between the sexes (known as the microgenderome) and leads to sex-dependent genetic and epigenetic changes in gastrointestinal inflammation, systemic immunity and, potentially, susceptibility to autoimmune or inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Future clinical research needs to focus on the therapeutic use of androgens and progestins or their downstream signalling cascades and on new oestrogenic compounds such as tissue-selective oestrogen complex to modulate altered immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratories and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Postgraduate School of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine DIMI, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Rainer H Straub
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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9
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Wang MY, Cheng XC, Chen XB, Li Y, Zang LL, Duan YQ, Chen MZ, Yu P, Sun H, Wang RL. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novelN-aryl-ω-(benzoazol-2-yl)-sulfanylalkanamides as dual inhibitors of α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1647-1656. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology; School of Biotechnology and Food Science; Tianjin University of Commerce; Tianjin China
| | - Xian-Chao Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Xiu-Bo Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital; Tianjin China
| | - Yu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Lan-Lan Zang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Yu-Qing Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Ming-Zhu Chen
- College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Hua Sun
- College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Run-Ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics); School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
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10
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Kristina Parr M, Müller-Schöll A. Pharmacology of doping agents—mechanisms promoting muscle hypertrophy. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2018.2.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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11
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Ribeiro-Dasilva MC, Fillingim RB, Wallet SM. Estrogen-Induced Monocytic Response Correlates with TMD Pain: A Case Control Study. J Dent Res 2016; 96:285-291. [PMID: 27856968 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516678599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a set of conditions characterized by pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint and muscles of mastication. These pain conditions are associated with considerable morbidity, societal costs, and reduced quality of life. The prevalence varies between 4% and 10%, with females at higher risk, and a higher prevalence occurs during reproductive years. The increased prevalence of TMD in females and low prevalence in childhood reinforce that sex hormones, like estrogen, play an important, complex role in the pathophysiology of these disorders. The goal of this study was to determine whether women with TMD exhibit a monocytic hyperinflammatory response compared with control women, and to examine associations of monocytic inflammatory responses with clinical pain. Eighteen women, aged 18 to 35 y, were seen during their follicular menstrual phase. A blood sample was collected, a clinical questionnaire about pain history was administered, and a Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) exam was performed. Extracted monocytes were stimulated with the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the presence and absence of estrogen, and the levels of IL6 expression evaluated. Women with TMD showed a systemic hyperinflammatory phenotype, manifested by an increased monocytic release of cytokines after an inflammatory insult, and this was further increased by estrogen. In addition, monocytes from participants who self-reported more pain on the VAS scale produced higher levels of IL6 compared with those from participants who self-reported lower pain sensitivity. These data suggest that an estrogen-induced hyperinflammatory phenotype in women with TMD may at least in part contribute to heightened clinical pain, perhaps via central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ribeiro-Dasilva
- 1 Department of Restorative Dental Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,2 Department of Community Density and Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - R B Fillingim
- 2 Department of Community Density and Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - S M Wallet
- 3 Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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12
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Wang G, Peng Z, Wang J, Li J, Li X. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of N -arylbenzo[ d ]oxazol-2-amines as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5374-5379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Khalaj AJ, Hasselmann J, Augello C, Moore S, Tiwari-Woodruff SK. Nudging oligodendrocyte intrinsic signaling to remyelinate and repair: Estrogen receptor ligand effects. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 160:43-52. [PMID: 26776441 PMCID: PMC5233753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to significant, progressive axonal and neuronal degeneration. Currently existing immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies alleviate MS symptoms and slow, but fail to prevent or reverse, disease progression. Restoration of damaged myelin sheath by replenishment of mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) should not only restore saltatory axon conduction, but also provide a major boost to axon survival. Our previous work has shown that therapeutic treatment with the modestly selective generic estrogen receptor (ER) β agonist diarylpropionitrile (DPN) confers functional neuroprotection in a chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS by stimulating endogenous remyelination. Recently, we found that the more potent, selective ERβ agonist indazole-chloride (Ind-Cl) improves clinical disease and motor performance. Importantly, electrophysiological measures revealed improved corpus callosal conduction and reduced axon refractoriness. This Ind-Cl treatment-induced functional remyelination was attributable to increased OL progenitor cell (OPC) and mature OL numbers. At the intracellular signaling level, transition of early to late OPCs requires ERK1/2 signaling, and transition of immature to mature OLs requires mTOR signaling; thus, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays a major role in the late stages of OL differentiation and myelination. Indeed, therapeutic treatment of EAE mice with various ERβ agonists results in increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated (p) Akt and p-mTOR levels. It is notable that while DPN's neuroprotective effects occur in the presence of peripheral and central inflammation, Ind-Cl is directly neuroprotective, as demonstrated by remyelination effects in the cuprizone-induced demyelination model, as well as immunomodulatory. Elucidating the mechanisms by which ER agonists and other directly remyelinating agents modulate endogenous OPC and OL regulatory signaling is critical to the development of effective remyelinating drugs. The discovery of signaling targets to induce functional remyelination will valuably contribute to the treatment of demyelinating neurological diseases, including MS, stroke, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Khalaj
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine at the University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine at the University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Catherine Augello
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine at the University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Spencer Moore
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine at the University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Seema K Tiwari-Woodruff
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine at the University of California, Riverside, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, United States.
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14
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Wisinski KB, Xu W, Tevaarwerk AJ, Saha S, Kim K, Traynor A, Dietrich L, Hegeman R, Patel D, Blank J, Harter J, Burkard ME. Targeting Estrogen Receptor Beta in a Phase 2 Study of High-Dose Estradiol in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Wisconsin Oncology Network Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2016; 16:256-61. [PMID: 27133732 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is expressed by 50% to 80% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Agonism of ERβ has antiproliferative effects in TNBC cells expressing ERβ. This phase 2 study evaluated single-agent high-dose estradiol in patients with advanced TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult women with measurable advanced TNBC were treated with estradiol 10 mg oral 3 times daily provided continuously for 28-day cycles. A Simon optimal 2-stage design was used. The primary end point was objective response (OR). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), clinical benefit (CB), and safety. OR, CB, and PFS by ERβ status were also examined. RESULTS Seventeen evaluable women were enrolled. Median age was 58 years (range, 34-90 years); the median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 0-6). One patient had a confirmed partial response (OR rate, 5.9%) and remained on the study for > 24 weeks. Three patients had stable disease, with one lasting more than 16 weeks. ERβ expression was detected in 77% (13 patients). The CB rate at 16 weeks was 15% (2 of 13) in ERβ-positive patients and 0% (0 of 4) in ERβ-negative patients (P = 1). PFS was poor (median, 1.9 months) and not statistically significantly different between ERβ-positive versus -negative patients. No new adverse events from estradiol were identified. The study closed after the first stage as a result of limited responses in these unselected patients. CONCLUSION In unselected TNBC, high-dose estradiol has limited efficacy. However, further evaluation of ERβ selective agonists in TNBC selected by ERβ expression may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari B Wisinski
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
| | - Wei Xu
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Amye J Tevaarwerk
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Sandeep Saha
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Anne Traynor
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | | | - Robert Hegeman
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Dhimant Patel
- Vince Lombardi Cancer Clinic, Aurora HealthCare Network, Green Bay, WI
| | - Jules Blank
- St Vincent Regional Cancer Center, Green Bay, WI
| | - Josephine Harter
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Mark E Burkard
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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15
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Is androgen receptor targeting an emerging treatment strategy for triple negative breast cancer? Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41:547-53. [PMID: 25944485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype. The absence of expression and/or amplification of estrogen and progesterone receptor as well as ERBB-2 prevent the use of currently available endocrine options and/or ERBB-2-directed drugs and indicates chemotherapy as the main current therapy. TNBC represents approximately 15% of breast cancer cases with high index of heterogeneity. Here, we review the role of androgen receptor in breast carcinogenesis and its association with alterations in the expression pattern and functional roles of regulatory molecules and signal transduction pathways in TNBC. Additionally, based on the so far preclinical and clinical published data, we evaluate the perspectives for using and/or developing androgen receptor targeting strategies for specific TNBC subtypes.
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16
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Filgueira CS, Benod C, Lou X, Gunamalai PS, Villagomez RA, Strom A, Gustafsson JÅ, Berkenstam AL, Webb P. A screening cascade to identify ERβ ligands. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e003. [PMID: 25422593 PMCID: PMC4242290 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of effective high throughput screening cascades to identify nuclear receptor (NR) ligands that will trigger defined, therapeutically useful sets of NR activities is of considerable importance. Repositioning of existing approved drugs with known side effect profiles can provide advantages because de novo drug design suffers from high developmental failure rates and undesirable side effects which have dramatically increased costs. Ligands that target estrogen receptor β (ERβ) could be useful in a variety of diseases ranging from cancer to neurological to cardiovascular disorders. In this context, it is important to minimize cross-reactivity with ERα, which has been shown to trigger increased rates of several types of cancer. Because of high sequence similarities between the ligand binding domains of ERα and ERβ, preferentially targeting one subtype can prove challenging. Here, we describe a sequential ligand screening approach comprised of complementary in-house assays to identify small molecules that are selective for ERβ. Methods include differential scanning fluorimetry, fluorescence polarization and a GAL4 transactivation assay. We used this strategy to screen several commercially-available chemical libraries, identifying thirty ERβ binders that were examined for their selectivity for ERβ versus ERα, and tested the effects of selected ligands in a prostate cancer cell proliferation assay. We suggest that this approach could be used to rapidly identify candidates for drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly S Filgueira
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cindy Benod
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaohua Lou
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Prem S Gunamalai
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rosa A Villagomez
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anders Strom
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anders L Berkenstam
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Webb
- Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute (CSF, CB, XL, PSG, RAV, ALB, PW) and Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston (AS, JAG, ALB, PW), Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Liu X, Giguère V. Inactivation of RARβ inhibits Wnt1-induced mammary tumorigenesis by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e004. [PMID: 25422594 PMCID: PMC4242291 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) has been proposed to act as a tumor suppressor in
breast cancer. In contrast, recent data have shown that RARβ promotes ERBB2-induced mammary
gland tumorigenesis through remodeling of the stromal compartment and activation of
cancer-associated fibroblasts. However, it is currently unknown whether RARβ oncogenic
activity is specific to ERBB2-induced tumors, or whether it influences the initiation and
progression of other breast cancer subtypes. Accordingly, we set out to investigate the involvement
of RARβ in basal-like breast cancer using mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-wingless-related
integration site 1 (Wnt1)-induced mammary gland tumorigenesis as a model system. We found that
compared with wild type mice, inactivation of Rarb resulted in a lengthy delay in
Wnt1-induced mammary gland tumorigenesis and in a significantly slower tumor growth
rate. Ablation of Rarb altered the composition of the stroma, repressed the
activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and reduced the recruitment of inflammatory cells and
angiogenesis. Reduced expression of IGF-1 and activity of its downstream signaling pathway
contribute to attenuate EMT in the Rarb-null tumors. Our results show that, in the
absence of retinoid signaling via RARβ, reduced IGF-1 signaling results in suppression of
epithelial-mesenchymal transition and delays tumorigenesis induced by the Wnt1
oncogene. Accordingly, our work reinforces the concept that antagonizing RARβ-dependent
retinoid signaling could provide a therapeutic avenue to treat poor outcome breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Liu
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, 1160 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3 (XL, VG) and Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6 (VG), Canada
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, 1160 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3 (XL, VG) and Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6 (VG), Canada
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18
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Paterni I, Granchi C, Katzenellenbogen JA, Minutolo F. Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ): subtype-selective ligands and clinical potential. Steroids 2014; 90:13-29. [PMID: 24971815 PMCID: PMC4192010 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) are nuclear transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of many complex physiological processes in humans. Modulation of these receptors by prospective therapeutic agents is currently being considered for prevention and treatment of a wide variety of pathological conditions, such as, cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and osteoporosis. This review provides an overview and update of compounds that have been recently reported as modulators of ERs, with a particular focus on their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Paterni
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - John A Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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19
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Chen JY, Ballou SP. The Effect of Antiestrogen Agents on Risk of Autoimmune Disorders in Patients with Breast Cancer. J Rheumatol 2014; 42:55-9. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To investigate the relationship between antiestrogen therapy in women with breast cancer and risk of autoimmune disease.Methods.We used a national database to assess the incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) following treatment with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) or aromatase inhibitors (AI) in women with breast cancer. The total number of patients in our study was 190,620.Results.We observed highly significant, cumulative dose-dependent increased OR of incidence of both SLE and RA following treatment with SERM (p < 0.0001). The odds of developing RA were also increased following AI therapy (p < 0.001), but there was a trend for reduced odds of SLE, though this trend did not attain statistical significance (p = 0.070 for 2–11 months of treatment and p = 0.254 for 12+ months of treatment).Conclusion.Antiestrogen agents may have an important effect on risk of autoimmune disease.
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20
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McFarland K, Price D, Davis CN, Ma JN, Bonhaus DW, Burstein E, Olsson R. AC-186, a selective nonsteroidal estrogen receptor β agonist, shows gender specific neuroprotection in a Parkinson's disease rat model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1249-55. [PMID: 23898966 PMCID: PMC3778431 DOI: 10.1021/cn400132u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs that selectively activate estrogen receptor β (ERβ) are potentially safer than the nonselective estrogens currently used in hormonal replacement treatments that activate both ERβ and ERα. The selective ERβ agonist AC-186 was evaluated in a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced through bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra. In this model, AC-186 prevented motor, cognitive, and sensorimotor gating deficits and mitigated the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, in males, but not in females. Furthermore, in male rats, 17β-estradiol, which activates ERβ and ERα with equal potency, did not show the same neuroprotective benefits as AC-186. Hence, in addition to a beneficial safety profile for use in both males and females, a selective ERβ agonist has a differentiated pharmacological profile compared to 17β-estradiol in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista McFarland
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, California
92121, United States
| | - Diana
L. Price
- Neuropore Therapies, Inc., San Diego, California 92121,
United States
| | | | - Jian-Nong Ma
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, California
92121, United States
| | | | - Ethan
S. Burstein
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, California
92121, United States
| | - Roger Olsson
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, California
92121, United States
- Chemical Biology
& Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
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21
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Shanle EK, Zhao Z, Hawse J, Wisinski K, Keles S, Yuan M, Xu W. Research resource: global identification of estrogen receptor β target genes in triple negative breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:1762-75. [PMID: 23979844 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers that are negative for estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 are known as triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). TNBCs are associated with an overall poor prognosis because they lack expression of therapeutic targets like ERα and are biologically more aggressive. A second estrogen receptor, ERβ, has been found to be expressed in 50% to 90% of ERα-negative breast cancers, and ERβ expression in TNBCs has been shown to correlate with improved disease-free survival and good prognosis. To elucidate the role of ERβ in regulating gene expression and cell proliferation in TNBC cells, the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468 was engineered with inducible expression of full-length ERβ. In culture, ERβ expression inhibited cell growth by inducing a G1 cell cycle arrest, which was further enhanced by 17β-estradiol treatment. In xenografts, ERβ expression also inhibited tumor formation and growth, and 17β-estradiol treatment resulted in rapid tumor regression. Furthermore, genomic RNA sequencing identified both ligand-dependent and -independent ERβ target genes, some of which were also regulated by ERβ in other TNBC cell lines and correlated with ERβ expression in a cohort of TNBCs from the Cancer Genome Atlas Network. ERβ target genes were enriched in genes that regulate cell death and survival, cell movement, cell development, and growth and proliferation, as well as genes involved in the Wnt/β-catenin and the G1/S cell cycle phase checkpoint pathways. In addition to confirming the anti-proliferative effects of ERβ in TNBC cells, these data provide a comprehensive resource of ERβ target genes and suggest that ERβ may be targeted with ligands that can stimulate its growth inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Shanle
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1400 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705.
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22
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Paterni I, Bertini S, Granchi C, Macchia M, Minutolo F. Estrogen receptor ligands: a patent review update. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1247-71. [PMID: 23713677 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.805206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of estrogens is mostly mediated by two nuclear receptors (ERα and ERβ) and a membrane-associated G-protein (GPR30 or GPER), and it is not limited to reproduction, but it extends to the skeletal, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Various pathologies such as cancer, inflammatory, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases are often associated with dysfunctions of the estrogenic system. Therapeutic interventions by agents that affect the estrogenic signaling pathway might be useful in the treatment of many dissimilar diseases. AREAS COVERED The massive chemodiversity of ER ligands, limited to patented small molecules, is herein reviewed. The reported compounds are classified on the basis of their chemical structures. Non-steroidal derivatives, which mostly consist of diphenolic compounds, are further segregated into chemical classes based on their central scaffold. EXPERT OPINION Estrogens have been used for almost a century and their earlier applications have concerned interventions in the female reproductive functions, as well as the treatment of some estrogen-dependent cancers and osteoporosis. Since the discovery of ERβ in 1996, the patent literature has started to pay a progressively increasing attention to this newer receptor subtype, which holds promise as a target for new indications, most of which still need to be clinically validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Paterni
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa , Italy +39 050 2219557 ; +39 050 2219605 ;
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23
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Saleiro D, Murillo G, Benya RV, Bissonnette M, Hart J, Mehta RG. Estrogen receptor-β protects against colitis-associated neoplasia in mice. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2553-61. [PMID: 22488198 PMCID: PMC3404195 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) has been suggested to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic effects in the colon, providing a translational potential to prevent and/or treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its progression to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). However, the specific direct role of ERβ in CAC has not yet been tested. We assessed the effects of ERβ deficiency in the azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CAC model using ERβ knockout (βERKO) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. These mice were injected with AOM followed by 1 week of DSS treatment, and sacrificed on weeks 9 or 16. βERKO mice developed more severe clinical colitis compared to WT mice, as evidenced by significantly higher disease activity index after DSS treatment, weight to length ratio of the colons, inflammation score and grade of dysplasia. ERβ-deficient colons presented greater number and size of polyps at weeks 9 and 16, respectively, and were characterized by a significant increase in interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma mRNA levels. Furthermore, higher protein expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, β-catenin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, mucin-1 and significantly lower caveolin-1 and mucin-2 protein levels were shown in βERKO mice compared to WT mice. These data suggest a possible anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic mechanism of action of ERβ in CAC. These results demonstrate for the first time that ERβ provides protection in the AOM/DSS-induced CAC model in mice, suggesting a preventive and/or therapeutic potential for the use of ERβ-selective agonists in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Saleiro
- Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, University of Porto, 4150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Genoveva Murillo
- Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Richard V. Benya
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Marc Bissonnette
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - John Hart
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rajendra G. Mehta
- Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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Lee JH, Peters O, Lehmann L, Dence CS, Sharp TL, Carlson KE, Zhou D, Jeyakumar M, Welch MJ, Katzenellenbogen JA. Synthesis and biological evaluation of two agents for imaging estrogen receptor β by positron emission tomography: challenges in PET imaging of a low abundance target. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:1105-16. [PMID: 22749433 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Independent measurement of the levels of both the estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ, in breast cancer could improve prediction of benefit from endocrine therapies. While ERα levels can be measured by positron emission tomography (PET) using 16α-[(18)F]fluoroestradiol (FES), no effective agent for imaging ERβ by PET has yet been reported. METHODS We have prepared the fluorine-18 labeled form of 8β-(2-fluoroethyl)estradiol (8BFEE(2)), an analog of an ERβ-selective steroidal estrogen, 8β-vinylestradiol; efficient incorporation of fluorine-18 was achieved, but required very vigorous conditions. We have examined the biodistribution of this compound, as well as of Br-041, an analog of a known non-steroidal ERβ-selective ligand (ERB-041), labeled with bromine-76. Studies were done in immature female rodents, with various pharmacological and endocrine perturbations to assess ERβ selectivity of uptake. RESULTS Little evidence of ERβ-mediated uptake was observed with either [(18)F]8BFEE(2) or [(76)Br]Br-041. Attempts to increase the ERβ content of target tissues were not effective and failed to improve biodistribution selectivity. CONCLUSIONS Because on an absolute basis level, ERβ levels are low in all target tissues, these studies have highlighted the need to develop improved in vivo models for evaluating ERβ-selective radiopharmaceuticals for use in PET imaging. Genetically engineered breast cancer cells that are being developed to express either ERα or ERβ in a regulated manner, grown as xenografts in immune-compromised mice, could prove useful for future studies to develop ER subtype-selective radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hak Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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25
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Pennell LM, Galligan CL, Fish EN. Sex affects immunity. J Autoimmun 2012; 38:J282-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Vaillard VA, Guastavino JF, Budén ME, Bardagí JI, Barolo SM, Rossi RA. Synthesis of 6-Substituted 2-Pyrrolyl and Indolyl Benzoxazoles by Intramolecular O-Arylation in Photostimulated Reactions. J Org Chem 2012; 77:1507-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Vaillard
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Javier F. Guastavino
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
| | - María E. Budén
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Javier I. Bardagí
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Silvia M. Barolo
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Roberto A. Rossi
- INFIQC, Departamento de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba. Argentina
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27
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Cleve A, Fritzemeier KH, Haendler B, Heinrich N, Möller C, Schwede W, Wintermantel T. Pharmacology and clinical use of sex steroid hormone receptor modulators. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2012:543-587. [PMID: 23027466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-30726-3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sex steroid receptors are ligand-triggered transcription factors. Oestrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors form, together with the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, a subgroup of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. They share a common mode of action, namely translating a hormone-i.e. a small-molecule signal-from outside to changes in gene expression and cell fate, and thereby represent "natural" pharmacological targets.For pharmacological therapy, these receptors have originally been addressed by hormones and synthetic hormone analogues in order to overcome pathologies related to deficiencies in the natural ligands. Another major use for female sex hormone receptor modulators is oral contraception, i.e. birth control.On the other side, blocking the activity of sex steroid receptors has become an established way to treat hormone-dependent malignancies, such as breast and prostate cancer.In this review, we will discuss how the experience gained from the classical pharmacology of these receptors and their molecular similarities led to new options for the treatment of gender-specific diseases and highlight recent progress in medicinal chemistry of sex hormone-modulating drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cleve
- Bayer Pharma AG, Muellerstr. 178, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental immunological evidence suggest that estrogens enhance the humoral immune response, and at the same time, seem to play important roles in pathophysiology of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Estrogens in human subjects are generally considered as enhancers of cell proliferation (anti-apoptotic), however, rather than through their serum levels (that may exert opposite dose-related effects), they play important roles through their peripheral metabolites especially in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Several investigations strongly support an accelerated aromatase-mediated peripheral metabolic conversion of upstream androgen precursors to estrogen metabolites in peripheral tissues affected by immune/inflammatory reactions, both, in male and female patients. In RA synovial tissue, biological effects of these metabolites as a consequence of altered peripheral sex hormone synthesis (intracrine, e.g., at the level of macrophages and fibroblasts) mainly results in stimulation of cell proliferation and cytokine production (i.e. TNF). It was shown that RA synovial cells mainly produce the cell proproliferative 16alpha-hydroxyestrone which, in addition to 16alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol, is the downstream estrogen metabolite that interferes with monocyte proliferation. Therefore, a preponderance of 16alpha-hydroxylated estrogens is an unfavorable sign, at least, in synovial inflammation and possibly related synovial tissue hyperplasia. Interestingly, urinary concentration and total urinary loss of 2-hydroxyestrogens was found 10 times higher in healthy subjects compared to RA or SLE patients irrespective of prior prednisolone treatment or sex. The intracrine synthesis of active estrogen metabolites at the level of cells involved in the immune response (e.g. macrophages and fibroblasts) represents a common pathway that characterizes a similar final immune reactivity in both male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory and Academic Unit of Clinical Rheumatology, Dept. Internal Medicine, University of Genova Italy, Viale Benedetto XV, 6-16132 Genova, Italy.
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29
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Shanle EK, Hawse JR, Xu W. Generation of stable reporter breast cancer cell lines for the identification of ER subtype selective ligands. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1940-9. [PMID: 21924251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen signaling is mediated by two estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, which have unique roles in the regulation of breast cancer cell proliferation. ERα induces proliferation in response to estrogen and ERβ inhibits proliferation in breast cancer cells, suggesting that ERβ selective ligands may be beneficial for promoting the anti-proliferative action of ERβ. Subtype selective ligands can be identified using transcriptional assays, but cell lines in which ERα or ERβ are independently expressed are required. Of the available reporter cell lines, none have been generated in breast cancer cells to identify subtype selective ligands. Here we describe the generation of two isogenic breast cancer cell lines, Hs578T-ERαLuc and Hs578T-ERβLuc, with stable integration of an estrogen responsive luciferase reporter gene. Hs578T-ERαLuc and Hs578T-ERβLuc cell lines are highly sensitive to estrogenic chemicals and ER subtype selective ligands, providing a tool to characterize the transcriptional potency and subtype selectivity of estrogenic ligands in the context of breast cancer cells. In addition to measuring reporter activity, ERβ target gene expression and growth inhibitory effects of ERβ selective ligands can be determined as biological endpoints. The finding that activation of ERβ by estrogen or ERβ selective natural phytoestrogens inhibits the growth of Hs578T-ERβ cells implies therapeutic potential for ERβ selective ligands in breast cancer cells that express ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Shanle
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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30
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Dziedziejko V, Kurzawski M, Safranow K, Drozdzik M, Chlubek D, Pawlik A. Oestrogen receptor polymorphisms in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 40:329-33. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.563752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Jochems C, Islander U, Erlandsson M, Engdahl C, Lagerquist M, Ohlsson C, Nandakumar KS, Holmdahl R, Carlsten H. Effects of oestradiol and raloxifene on the induction and effector phases of experimental postmenopausal arthritis and secondary osteoporosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 165:121-9. [PMID: 21501150 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04397.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oestradiol and the selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) raloxifene have been shown to ameliorate collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats and in mice. One aim was to investigate if raloxifene exerts its anti-arthritic and anti-osteoporotic effects during the induction or effector phase of arthritis. A second aim was to analyse if raloxifene activates the oestrogen response element (ERE) to produce its immune-modulator effects. CIA or collagen-antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in ovariectomized DBA/1-mice. CIA was used for evaluation of treatment during the induction, and CAIA for the effector phase of arthritis and osteoporosis development. Raloxifene, oestradiol or vehicle was administered 5 days/week. The clinical disease was evaluated continuously. Bone marrow density (BMD) was analysed with peripheral quantitative computer tomography, paws were collected for histological examination, and sera were analysed for markers of bone and cartilage turnover and proinflammatory cytokines. Transgenic luciferase (Luc)-ERE mice were immunized with collagen (CII), and after 10 days injected once with raloxifene, oestradiol or vehicle before termination. Spleens were analysed for luciferase activity to measure ERE activation. Treatment with oestradiol or raloxifene during the induction phase of CIA failed to affect arthritis. Raloxifene did not hamper disease activity in CAIA, whereas oestradiol delayed the onset and ameliorated the severity. Both raloxifene and oestradiol preserved BMD in CAIA. CII-immunization increased the oestradiol-induced ERE activation in spleen, and raloxifene activated the ERE at about 25% the intensity of oestradiol. Further experiments are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms behind this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jochems
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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