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Zhu D, Yan J, Xie J, Liang Z, Bai H. Ultrafast Laser-Induced Atomic Structure Transformation of Au Nanoparticles with Improved Surface Activity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13140-13147. [PMID: 34313426 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in nanocatalytic systems, which are important for clean energy conversion, storage, and utilization. Laser fabrication of metallic NPs relying on light-matter interactions provides many opportunities. It is essential to study the atomic structure transformation of nonactive monocrystalline metallic NPs for practical applications. The high-density stacking faults were fabricated in monocrystalline Au NPs through tuning the ultrafast laser-induced relaxation dynamics, and the thermal and dynamic stress effects on the atomic structure transformation were revealed. The atomic structure transformation mainly arises from the thermal effect, and the dynamic stress distribution induced by local energy deposition gives rise to the generation of stacking faults. Au NPs with abundant stacking faults show enhanced surface activity owing to their low coordination number. We suggest that this work expands the knowledge of laser-metallic nanomaterial interactions and provides a method for designing metallic NPs for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianfeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiawang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hailin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Ai R, Boukouvala C, Lewis G, Wang H, Zhang H, Lai Y, Huang H, Ringe E, Shao L, Wang J. Facet- and Gas-Dependent Reshaping of Au Nanoplates by Plasma Treatment. ACS NANO 2021; 15:9860-9870. [PMID: 34114456 PMCID: PMC8223482 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The reshaping of metal nanocrystals on substrates is usually realized by pulsed laser irradiation or ion-beam milling with complex procedures. In this work, we demonstrate a simple method for reshaping immobilized Au nanoplates through plasma treatment. Au nanoplates can be reshaped gradually with nearly periodic right pyramid arrays formed on the surface of the nanoplates. The gaseous environment in the plasma-treatment system plays a significant role in the reshaping process with only nitrogen-containing environments leading to reshaping. The reshaping phenomenon is facet-dependent, with right pyramids formed only on the exposed {111} facets of the Au nanoplates. The morphological change of the Au nanoplates induced by the plasma treatment leads to large plasmon peak redshifts. The reshaped Au nanoplates possess slightly higher refractive index sensitivities and largely increased surface-enhanced Raman scattering intensities compared to the flat, untreated nanoplates. Our results offer insights for studying the interaction mechanism between plasma and the different facets of noble metal nanocrystals and an approach for reshaping light-interacting noble metal nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Ai
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Christina Boukouvala
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - George Lewis
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Wang
- Shenzhen
JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yunhe Lai
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - He Huang
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Shao
- Shenzhen
JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
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3
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Xia J, Tang J, Bao F, Sun Y, Fang M, Cao G, Evans J, He S. Turning a hot spot into a cold spot: polarization-controlled Fano-shaped local-field responses probed by a quantum dot. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:166. [PMID: 33024554 PMCID: PMC7505841 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical nanoantennas can convert propagating light to local fields. The local-field responses can be engineered to exhibit nontrivial features in spatial, spectral and temporal domains, where local-field interferences play a key role. Here, we design nearly fully controllable local-field interferences in the nanogap of a nanoantenna, and experimentally demonstrate that in the nanogap, the spectral dispersion of the local-field response can exhibit tuneable Fano lineshapes with nearly vanishing Fano dips. A single quantum dot is precisely positioned in the nanogap to probe the spectral dispersions of the local-field responses. By controlling the excitation polarization, the asymmetry parameter q of the probed Fano lineshapes can be tuned from negative to positive values, and correspondingly, the Fano dips can be tuned across a broad spectral range. Notably, at the Fano dips, the local-field intensity is strongly suppressed by up to ~50-fold, implying that the hot spot in the nanogap can be turned into a cold spot. The results may inspire diverse designs of local-field responses with novel spatial distributions, spectral dispersions and temporal dynamics, and expand the available toolbox for nanoscopy, spectroscopy, nano-optical quantum control and nanolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xia
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Tang
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Fanglin Bao
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcheng Sun
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Maodong Fang
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanjun Cao
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Julian Evans
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Sailing He
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Department of Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Nanostructured Color Filters: A Review of Recent Developments. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081554. [PMID: 32784749 PMCID: PMC7466596 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Color plays an important role in human life: without it life would be dull and monochromatic. Printing color with distinct characteristics, like hue, brightness and saturation, and high resolution, are the main characteristic of image sensing devices. A flexible design of color filter is also desired for angle insensitivity and independence of direction of polarization of incident light. Furthermore, it is important that the designed filter be compatible with the image sensing devices in terms of technology and size. Therefore, color filter requires special care in its design, operation and integration. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of nanostructured color filter designs described to date and evaluate them in terms of their performance.
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Ruffino F, Grimaldi MG. Nanostructuration of Thin Metal Films by Pulsed Laser Irradiations: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081133. [PMID: 31390842 PMCID: PMC6723593 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanostructures are, nowadays, extensively used in applications such as catalysis, electronics, sensing, optoelectronics and others. These applications require the possibility to design and fabricate metal nanostructures directly on functional substrates, with specifically controlled shapes, sizes, structures and reduced costs. A promising route towards the controlled fabrication of surface-supported metal nanostructures is the processing of substrate-deposited thin metal films by fast and ultrafast pulsed lasers. In fact, the processes occurring for laser-irradiated metal films (melting, ablation, deformation) can be exploited and controlled on the nanoscale to produce metal nanostructures with the desired shape, size, and surface order. The present paper aims to overview the results concerning the use of fast and ultrafast laser-based fabrication methodologies to obtain metal nanostructures on surfaces from the processing of deposited metal films. The paper aims to focus on the correlation between the process parameter, physical parameters and the morphological/structural properties of the obtained nanostructures. We begin with a review of the basic concepts on the laser-metal films interaction to clarify the main laser, metal film, and substrate parameters governing the metal film evolution under the laser irradiation. The review then aims to provide a comprehensive schematization of some notable classes of metal nanostructures which can be fabricated and establishes general frameworks connecting the processes parameters to the characteristics of the nanostructures. To simplify the discussion, the laser types under considerations are classified into three classes on the basis of the range of the pulse duration: nanosecond-, picosecond-, femtosecond-pulsed lasers. These lasers induce different structuring mechanisms for an irradiated metal film. By discussing these mechanisms, the basic formation processes of micro- and nano-structures is illustrated and justified. A short discussion on the notable applications for the produced metal nanostructures is carried out so as to outline the strengths of the laser-based fabrication processes. Finally, the review shows the innovative contributions that can be proposed in this research field by illustrating the challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ruffino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Ettore Majorana"-Università di Catania and MATIS CNR-IMM, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Grimaldi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Ettore Majorana"-Università di Catania and MATIS CNR-IMM, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
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6
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Lu L, Tan R, Chen D, Tong Y, Yan X, Gong M, Wu JZ. Surface plasmon assisted laser ablation of stainless steel. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:305401. [PMID: 30970328 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Au nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on stainless steel for surface plasmon enhanced laser ablation. A comparative study of the laser ablation efficiency was carried out on stainless steel samples with and without the Au NPs decoration at a variable pulsed laser fluence and laser pulse number. Higher ablation efficiency was clearly demonstrated in the former as illustrated from the larger diameter, maximum depth and the cross-sectional area of the crater generated by the laser ablation under the same conditions. Additionally, both the maximum depth and efficiency enhancement were found to depend on the laser fluence and pulse number. The maximum enhanced ablation efficiency of 36% based on the cross-sectional area of the crater was obtained at 1 pulse number of laser fluence 1.53 J cm-2. The efficiency enhancement of laser ablation is attributed to the highly enhanced surface plasmon field at the interface between Au NPs and stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China. Department of physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence 66044, United States of America
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7
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Shi L, Andrade JRC, Tajalli A, Geng J, Yi J, Heidenblut T, Segerink FB, Babushkin I, Kholodtsova M, Merdji H, Bastiaens B, Morgner U, Kovacev M. Generating Ultrabroadband Deep-UV Radiation and Sub-10 nm Gap by Hybrid-Morphology Gold Antennas. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4779-4786. [PMID: 31244236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the interaction between hybrid-morphology gold optical antennas and a few-cycle Ti:sapphire laser up to ablative intensities, demonstrating rich nonlinear plasmonic effects and promising applications in coherent frequency upconversion and nanofabrication technology. The two-dimensional array of hybrid antennas consists of elliptical apertures combined with bowties in its minor axis. The plasmonic resonance frequency of the bowties is red-shifted with respect to the laser central frequency and thus mainly enhances the third harmonic spectrum at long wavelengths. The gold film between two neighboring elliptical apertures forms an hourglass-shaped structure, which acts as a "plasmonic lens" and thus strongly reinforces surface currents into a small area. This enhanced surface current produces a rotating magnetic field that deeply penetrates into the substrate. At resonant frequency, the magnetic field is further intensified by the bowties. The resonant frequency of the hourglass is blueshifted with respect to the laser central frequency. Consequently, it spectacularly extends the third harmonic spectrum toward short wavelengths. The resultant third harmonic signal ranges from 230 to 300 nm, much broader than the emission from a sapphire crystal. In addition, the concentration of surface current within the neck of the hourglass antenna results in a structural modification through laser ablation, producing sub-10 nm sharp metallic gaps. Moreover, after laser illumination the optical field hotspots are imprinted around the antennas, allowing us to confirm the subwavelength enhancement of the electric near-field intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shi
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - José R C Andrade
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - Ayhan Tajalli
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - Jiao Geng
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - Juemin Yi
- Institute of Physics and Center of Interface Science , Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg , 26129 , Oldenburg , Germany
| | - Torsten Heidenblut
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Institute of Materials Science , Leibniz University Hannover , An der University 2 , 30823 , Garbsen, Hannover Germany
| | - Frans B Segerink
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Ihar Babushkin
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - Maria Kholodtsova
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS , Universite Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay 91191 , Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Hamed Merdji
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS , Universite Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay 91191 , Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Bert Bastiaens
- Laser Physics and Nonlinear Optics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Twente , 7500AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Morgner
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
| | - Milutin Kovacev
- Institute of Quantum Optics , Leibniz University Hannover , Welfengarten 1 , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines) , 30167 , Hannover , Germany
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8
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Hooper DC, Kuppe C, Wang D, Wang W, Guan J, Odom TW, Valev VK. Second Harmonic Spectroscopy of Surface Lattice Resonances. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:165-172. [PMID: 30525669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of their large figures of merit, surface lattice resonances (SLRs) in metal nanoparticle arrays are very promising for chemical and biomolecular sensing in both liquid and gas media. SLRs are sensitive to refractive index changes both near the surface of the nanoparticles (surface sensitivity) and in the volume between them (bulk sensitivity). Because of its intrinsic surface-sensitivity and a power law dependence on electric fields, second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy can improve upon both the surface and volume sensitivities of SLRs. In this report on SHG spectroscopy of plasmonic nanoparticles, we show that the SHG signal is greatly increased (up to 450 times) by the SLRs. We also demonstrate very narrow resonances in SHG intensity (∼5 nm fwhm). We illustrate how the SHG resonances are highly sensitive to SLRs by varying the fundamental wavelength, angle of incidence, nanoparticle material, and lattice constant of the arrays. Finally, we identify an SHG resonance (10 nm fwhm) that is electric dipole forbidden and can be attributed to higher-order multipoles, enhanced by the strong near-fields of SLRs. Our results open up new and very promising avenues for chemical and biomolecular sensing based on SHG spectroscopy of SLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Hooper
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 4JY , U.K
| | - Christian Kuppe
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 4JY , U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Ventsislav K Valev
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 4JY , U.K
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9
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Haldavnekar R, Venkatakrishnan K, Tan B. Non plasmonic semiconductor quantum SERS probe as a pathway for in vitro cancer detection. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3065. [PMID: 30076296 PMCID: PMC6076273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based cancer diagnostics is an important analytical tool in early detection of cancer. Current work in SERS focuses on plasmonic nanomaterials that suffer from coagulation, selectivity, and adverse biocompatibility when used in vitro, limiting this research to stand-alone biomolecule sensing. Here we introduce a label-free, biocompatible, ZnO-based, 3D semiconductor quantum probe as a pathway for in vitro diagnosis of cancer. By reducing size of the probes to quantum scale, we observed a unique phenomenon of exponential increase in the SERS enhancement up to ~106 at nanomolar concentration. The quantum probes are decorated on a nano-dendrite platform functionalized for cell adhesion, proliferation, and label-free application. The quantum probes demonstrate discrimination of cancerous and non-cancerous cells along with biomolecular sensing of DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids in vitro. The limit of detection is up to a single-cell-level detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Haldavnekar
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 2K3, ON, Canada
- BioNanoInterface Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 2K3, ON, Canada
| | - Krishnan Venkatakrishnan
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 2K3, ON, Canada.
- BioNanoInterface Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 2K3, ON, Canada.
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, M5B 1W8, ON, Canada.
| | - Bo Tan
- Nanocharacterization Laboratory, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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10
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McRae D, Jeon K, Lagugné-Labarthet F. Plasmon-Mediated Drilling in Thin Metallic Nanostructures. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:7269-7277. [PMID: 31458887 PMCID: PMC6644463 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Thin and ultraflat conductive surfaces are of particular interest to use as substrates for tip-enhanced spectroscopy applications. Tip-enhanced spectroscopy exploits the excitation of a localized surface plasmon resonance mode at the apex of a metallized atomic force microscope tip, confining and enhancing the local electromagnetic field by several orders of magnitude. This allows for nanoscale mapping of the surface with high spatial resolution and surface sensitivity, as demonstrated when coupled to local Raman measurements. In gap-mode tip-enhanced spectroscopy, the specimen of interest is deposited onto a flat metallic surface and probed by a metallic tip, allowing for further electromagnetic confinement and subsequent enhancement. We investigate here a geometry where a gold tip is used in conjunction with a silver nanoplate, thus forming a heterometallic platform for local enhancement. When irradiated, a plasmon-mediated reaction is triggered at the tip-substrate junction due to the enhanced electric field and the transfer of hot electrons from the tip to the nanoplate. This resulting nanoscale reaction appears to be sufficient to ablate the thin silver plates even under weak laser intensity. Such an approach may be further exploited for patterning metallic nanostructures or photoinduced chemical reactions at metal surfaces.
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11
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Lin L, Liu L, Peng P, Zou G, Duley WW, Zhou YN. In situ nanojoining of Y- and T-shaped silver nanowires structures using femtosecond laser radiation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:125201. [PMID: 26891481 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/12/125201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the in situ joining of spatially separated silver nanowires without additional filler material by controlled irradiation with femtosecond laser pulses. Nanojoining under these conditions arises from highly localized heat generation in the vicinity of the gap between adjacent silver nanowires. Melting, followed by the flow of silver into the gap, is optimized by adjusting the direction of laser polarization relative to gap geometry. Our results show that melting of silver occurs on both nanowires in the vicinity of the gap between the two components. Successful formation of a joint is found to be a function of the angle between the long axis of the nanowires and the gap distance. Finite element simulations show that the strong localized electric field generated by optical excitation determines the location and the morphology of the resulting bond. Light coupling and the resulting emission properties of these Y-shaped nanowire structures have been simulated and are compared to similar structures where the gap remains open. It is suggested that joined Y-shaped couplers will have a higher switching ratio between emitted nanowire ends than those occurring in open-gap structures. Nanojoining induced by localized heating under strong field excitation may enable the production of robust branched metal nanowire structures for optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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12
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Huang H, Sivayoganathan M, Duley WW, Zhou Y. High integrity interconnection of silver submicron/nanoparticles on silicon wafer by femtosecond laser irradiation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:025303. [PMID: 25526428 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/2/025303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Welding of nanomaterials is a promising technique for constructing nanodevices with robust mechanical properties. To date, fabrication of these devices is limited because of difficulties in restricting damage to the nanomaterials during the welding process. In this work, by utilizing very low fluence (∼900 μJ cm(-2)) femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation, we have produced a metallic interconnection between two adjacent silver (Ag) submicron/nanoparticles which were fixed on a silicon (Si) wafer after fs laser deposition. No additional filler material was used, and the connected particles remain almost damage free. Observation of the morphology before and after joining and finite difference time domain simulations indicate that the interconnection can be attributed to plasmonic excitation in the Ag submicron/nanoparticles. Concentration of energy between the particles leads to local ablation followed by re-deposition of the ablated material to form a bridging link that joins the two particles. This welding technique shows potential applications in the fabrication of nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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13
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Rapid synthesis of monodisperse Au nanospheres through a laser irradiation-induced shape conversion, self-assembly and their electromagnetic coupling SERS enhancement. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7686. [PMID: 25566872 PMCID: PMC4286736 DOI: 10.1038/srep07686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We develop a facile and effective strategy to prepare monodispersed Au spherical nanoparticles by two steps. Large-scale monocrystalline Au nanooctahedra with uniform size were synthesized by a polyol-route and subsequently Au nanoparticles were transformed from octahedron to spherical shape in a liquid under ambient atmosphere by non-focused laser irradiation in very short time. High monodipersed, ultra-smooth gold nanospheres can be obtained by simply optimizing the laser fluence and irradiation time. Photothermal melting-evaporation model was employed to get a better understanding of the morphology transformation for the system of nanosecond pulsed-laser excitation. These Au nanoparticles were fabricated into periodic monolayer arrays by self-assembly utilizing their high monodispersity and perfect spherical shape. Importantly, such Au nanospheres arrays demonstrated very good SERS enhancement related to their periodic structure due to existence of many SERS hot spots between neighboring Au nanospheres caused by the electromagnetic coupling in an array. These gold nanospheres and their self-assembled arrays possess distinct physical and chemical properties. It will make them as an excellent and promising candidate for applying in sensing and spectroscopic enhancement, catalysis, energy, and biology.
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Threading plasmonic nanoparticle strings with light. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4568. [PMID: 25065385 PMCID: PMC4124895 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials find increasing application in communications, renewable energies, electronics and sensing. Because of its unsurpassed speed and highly tuneable interaction with matter, using light to guide the self-assembly of nanomaterials can open up novel technological frontiers. However, large-scale light-induced assembly remains challenging. Here we demonstrate an efficient route to nano-assembly through plasmon-induced laser threading of gold nanoparticle strings, producing conducting threads 12±2 nm wide. This precision is achieved because the nanoparticles are first chemically assembled into chains with rigidly controlled separations of 0.9 nm primed for re-sculpting. Laser-induced threading occurs on a large scale in water, tracked via a new optical resonance in the near-infrared corresponding to a hybrid chain/rod-like charge transfer plasmon. The nano-thread width depends on the chain mode resonances, the nanoparticle size, the chain length and the peak laser power, enabling nanometre-scale tuning of the optical and conducting properties of such nanomaterials. Optical assembly of nanoparticle structures could open new avenues for manufacturing nanomaterials and devices. Herrmann et al. show the plasmon-induced laser threading of gold nanoparticle strings, enabling them to fabricate precisely assembled 12-nm wide conducting chains.
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Jeyaram Y, Verellen N, Zheng X, Silhanek AV, Hojeij M, Terhalle B, Ekinci Y, Valev VK, Vandenbosch GAE, Moshchalkov VV. Rendering dark modes bright by using asymmetric split ring resonators. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:15464-15474. [PMID: 23842334 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.015464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have studied both theoretically and experimentally symmetric and asymmetric planar metallic Split Ring Resonators. We demonstrate that introducing structural asymmetry makes it possible to excite several higher order modes of both even (l = 2) and odd (l = 3, 5) order, which are otherwise inaccessible for a normally incident plane wave in symmetric structures. Experimentally we observe that the even mode resonances of asymmetric resonators have a quality factor 5.8 times higher than the higher order odd resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jeyaram
- Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, INPAC, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Valev VK, De Clercq B, Biris CG, Zheng X, Vandendriessche S, Hojeij M, Denkova D, Jeyaram Y, Panoiu NC, Ekinci Y, Silhanek AV, Volskiy V, Vandenbosch GAE, Ameloot M, Moshchalkov VV, Verbiest T. Distributing the optical near-field for efficient field-enhancements in nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:OP208-OP272. [PMID: 22761007 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Valev
- Molecular Electronics and Photonics, INPAC, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BE-3001, Belgium.
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Dostert KH, Álvarez M, Koynov K, del Campo A, Butt HJ, Kreiter M. Near field guided chemical nanopatterning. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:3699-3703. [PMID: 22316359 DOI: 10.1021/la300009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article demonstrates the possibility of creating well-defined and functional surface chemical nanopatterns using the optical near field of metal nanostructures and a photosensitive organic layer. The intensity distribution of the near field controlled the site and the extent of the photochemical reaction at the surface. The resulting pattern was used to guide the controlled assembly of colloids with a complementary surface functionality onto the substrate. Gold colloids of 20 nm diameter were covalently bound to the activated nanosites and proved the functionality of the suboptical wavelength structures and enabled direct visualization by means of electron microscopy. Our results prove, for the first time, the possibility of using optical near field to perform chemical reactions and assembly at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Dostert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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