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Xia Y, Qian W, Yang Y. Advancements and Prospects of Flexoelectricity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9597-9613. [PMID: 38357861 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The flexoelectric effect, as a novel form of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon, has attracted significant attention in the fields of materials science and electronic devices. It refers to the interaction between strain gradients and electric dipole moments or electric field intensity gradients and strain. In contrast to the traditional piezoelectric effect, the flexoelectric effect is not limited by material symmetry or the Curie temperature and exhibits a stronger effect at the nanoscale. The flexoelectric effect finds widespread applications ranging from energy harvesting to electronic device design. Utilizing the flexoelectric effect, enhanced energy harvesters, sensitive sensors, and high-performance wearable electronic devices can be developed. Additionally, the flexoelectric effect can be utilized to modulate the optoelectronic properties and physical characteristics of materials, holding the potential for significant applications in areas such as optoelectronic devices, energy storage devices, and flexible electronics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development, measurement of flexoelectric coefficients, enhancement mechanisms, and current research progress of the flexoelectric effect. Additionally, it offers a perspective on future prospects of the flexoelectric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Xia
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- School of Resources Environment and Materials, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Weiqi Qian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China
- School of Resources Environment and Materials, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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2
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He X, Boda MA, Chen C, Dun R, Wang L, Bao Y, Pang D, Guo L, Zeng H, Li Y, Yi Z. Ultra-large electromechanical deformation in lead-free piezoceramics at reduced thickness. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1079-1087. [PMID: 38093683 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Lead-free piezoceramics with large controllable deformations are highly desirable for numerous energy converter applications ranging from consumer electronics to medical microrobots. Although several new classes of high-performance ferroelectrics have been discovered, a universal strategy to enable various piezoceramics to realize large electromechanical deformations is still lacking. Herein, by gradually reducing the thickness from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm, we discover that a large nominal electrostrain of ∼11.49% can be achieved in thin 0.937(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.063BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) ceramics with highly asymmetric strain-electric field curves. Further analyses of the polarization switching process reveal that the boosted strain curves originate from the bending deformation driven by asymmetric ferroelastic switching in the surface layers. Based on this, one monolayer BNT-BT was designed to realize digital displacement actuation and a scanning mirror application with a maximum mirror deflection angle of 44.38°. Moreover, the surface effect-induced bending deformation can be extended to other piezoceramics, accompanied by derived shape retention effects. These discoveries raise the possibility of utilizing thickness engineering to design large-displacement actuators and may accelerate the development of high-performance lead-free piezoceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Muzaffar Ahmad Boda
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Rongmin Dun
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yizheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Dongfang Pang
- College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lin Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Huarong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Wang Z, Ma D, Wang Y, Xie Y, Yu Z, Cheng J, Li L, Sun L, Dong S, Wang H. Kirigami-Origami-Inspired Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207059. [PMID: 37096841 PMCID: PMC10265079 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Kirigami- and oirigami-inspired techniques have emerged as effective strategies for material structure design; however, the use of these techniques is usually limited to soft and deformable materials. Piezoelectric ceramics, which are typical functional ceramics, are widely used in electronic and energy devices; however, the processing options for piezoelectric ceramics are limited by their brittleness and feedstock viscosity. Here, a design strategy is proposed for the preparation of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics inspired by kirigami/origami. This strategy involves direct writing printing and control over the external gravity during the calcination process for the preparation of curved and porous piezoelectric ceramics with specific shapes. The sintered BaTiO3 ceramics with curved geometries produced using this strategy exhibit a high piezoelectric constant (d33 = 275 pC N-1 ), which is 45% higher than that of conventionally sintered sheet ceramics. The curved structure of the ceramics is well-suited for use in the human body and it was determined that these curved ceramics can detect pulse signals. This strategy can be applied in the large-scale and low-cost production of other piezoelectric ceramics with various curved shapes and provides a new approach for the preparation of complex-shaped ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced MaterialsHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi435002P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Denghao Ma
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsSchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Yunhan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Zhonghui Yu
- Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518051P. R. China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Shuxiang Dong
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518051P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
- Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and DevicesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
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Mao H, Fan W, Cao H, Chen X, Qiu M, Verweij H, Fan Y. Self-cleaning performance of in-situ ultrasound generated by quartz-based piezoelectric membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jiang L, Lu G, Yang Y, Xu Y, Qi F, Li J, Zhu B, Chen Y. Multichannel Piezo-Ultrasound Implant with Hybrid Waterborne Acoustic Metastructure for Selective Wireless Energy Transfer at Megahertz Frequencies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104251. [PMID: 34480501 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound energy transfer (UET) is developed and integrated into various bioelectronics with diagnostic, therapeutic, and monitoring capabilities. However, existing UET platforms generally enable one function at a time due to the single ultrasound channel architecture, limiting the full potential of bioelectronics that requires multicontrol modes. Here, a multichannel piezo-ultrasound implant (MC-PUI) is presented that integrates a hybrid waterborne acoustic metastructure (HWAM), multiple piezo-harvesters, and a miniaturized circuit with electronic components for selective wireless control via ultrasound frequency switching. The HWAM that utilizes both a 3D-printed air-diffraction matrix and a half-lambda Fabry-Perot resonator is optimized to provide the advantage of ultrasound selectivity at megahertz frequencies. Complying with U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations, frequency-controlled multifunctional operations, such as wireless charging (≈11.08 µW) at 3.3 MHz and high-sensitivity wireless switch/control (threshold ≈0.55 MPa) of micro-light-emitting diode/motor at 1 MHz, are demonstrated ex vivo using porcine tissue and in vivo in a rat. The developed MC-PUI enhances UET versatility and opens up a new pathway for wireless implant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiming Jiang
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Gengxi Lu
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Fangjie Qi
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jiapu Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Benpeng Zhu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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6
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Shan Y, Liu S, Wang B, Hong Y, Zhang C, Lim CW, Zhang G, Yang Z. A gravity-driven sintering method to fabricate geometrically complex compact piezoceramics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6066. [PMID: 34663834 PMCID: PMC8523652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly compact and geometrically complex piezoceramics are required by a variety of electromechanical devices owing to their outstanding piezoelectricity, mechanical stability and extended application scenarios. 3D printing is currently the mainstream technology for fabricating geometrically complex piezoceramic components. However, it is hard to print piezoceramics in a curve shape while also keeping its compactness due to restrictions on the ceramic loading and the viscosity of feedstocks. Here, we report a gravity-driven sintering (GDS) process to directly fabricate curved and compact piezoceramics by exploiting gravitational force and high-temperature viscous behavior of sintering ceramic specimens. The sintered lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics possess curve geometries that can be facilely tuned via the initial mechanical boundary design, and exhibit high piezoelectric properties comparable to those of conventional-sintered compact PZT (d33 = 595 pC/N). In contrast to 3D printing technology, our GDS process is suitable for scale-up production and low-cost production of piezoceramics with diverse curved surfaces. Our GDS strategy is an universal and facile route to fabricate curved piezoceramics and other functional ceramics with no compromise of their functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramic MOE and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - C W Lim
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guangzu Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramic MOE and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhengbao Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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7
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Wu M, Jiang Z, Lou X, Zhang F, Song D, Ning S, Guo M, Pennycook SJ, Dai JY, Wen Z. Flexoelectric Thin-Film Photodetectors. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2946-2952. [PMID: 33759536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The flexoelectric effect, which manifests itself as a strain-gradient-induced electrical polarization, has triggered great interest due to its ubiquitous existence in crystalline materials without the limitation of lattice symmetry. Here, we propose a flexoelectric photodetector based on a thin-film heterostructure. This prototypical device is demonstrated by epitaxial LaFeO3 thin films grown on LaAlO3 substrates. A giant strain gradient of the order of 106/m is achieved in LaFeO3 thin films, giving rise to an obvious flexoelectric polarization and generating a significant photovoltaic effect in the LaFeO3-based heterostructures with nanosecond response under light illumination. This work not only demonstrates a novel self-powered photodetector different from the traditional interface-type structures, such as the p-n and Schottky junctions but also opens an avenue to design practical flexoelectric devices for nanoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zhizheng Jiang
- College of Physics and Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Lou
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Shoucong Ning
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Mengyao Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Ji-Yan Dai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zheng Wen
- College of Physics and Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
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Abstract
Molecular ferroelectrics combine electromechanical coupling and electric polarizabilities, offering immense promise in stimuli-dependent metamaterials. Despite such promise, current physical realizations of mechanical metamaterials remain hindered by the lack of rapid-prototyping ferroelectric metamaterial structures. Here, we present a continuous rapid printing strategy for the volumetric deposition of water-soluble molecular ferroelectric metamaterials with precise spatial control in virtually any three-dimensional (3D) geometry by means of an electric-field-assisted additive manufacturing. We demonstrate a scaffold-supported ferroelectric crystalline lattice that enables self-healing and a reprogrammable stiffness for dynamic tuning of mechanical metamaterials with a long lifetime and sustainability. A molecular ferroelectric architecture with resonant inclusions then exhibits adaptive mitigation of incident vibroacoustic dynamic loads via an electrically tunable subwavelength-frequency band gap. The findings shown here pave the way for the versatile additive manufacturing of molecular ferroelectric metamaterials.
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Liu Y, Zhong Y, Wang C. Recent advances in self-actuation and self-sensing materials: State of the art and future perspectives. Talanta 2020; 212:120808. [PMID: 32113569 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The contradiction between human's strong demand of fossil fuels and their limited reserves becomes increasingly severe. Without external power input, intelligent materials responding sharply and reversibly to various external stimuli are the topic of intense research these years, especially the self-actuation and self-sensing materials. The promising family of these materials will play a significant role in energy-saving, low-cost and environment-friendly intelligent systems in the future. This review summarizes the latest advances in self-actuation and self-sensing materials. The synthetic strategies, morphologies and performance of these materials are introduced, as well as their applications in energy harvest, self-powering sensors, wearable devices, etc. Finally, tentative conclusions and assessments regarding the opportunities and challenges for the future development of these materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Province, 264209, China
| | - Yunhao Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, China
| | - Chengyin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225000, China.
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10
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Yang J, Li Z, Xin X, Gao X, Yuan X, Wang Z, Yu Z, Wang X, Zhou J, Dong S. Designing electromechanical metamaterial with full nonzero piezoelectric coefficients. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax1782. [PMID: 31976367 PMCID: PMC6957242 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Designing topological and geometrical structures with extended unnatural parameters (negative, near-zero, ultrahigh, or tunable) and counterintuitive properties is a big challenge in the field of metamaterials, especially for relatively unexplored materials with multiphysics coupling effects. For natural piezoelectric ceramics, only five nonzero elements in the piezoelectric matrix exist, which has impeded the design and application of piezoelectric devices for decades. Here, we introduce a methodology, inspired by quasi-symmetry breaking, realizing artificial anisotropy by metamaterial design to excite all the nonzero elements in contrast to zero values in natural materials. By elaborately programming topological structures and geometrical dimensions of the unit elements, we demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, that tunable nonzero or ultrahigh values of overall effective piezoelectric coefficients can be obtained. While this work focuses on generating piezoelectric parameters of ceramics, the design principle should be inspirational to create unnatural apparent properties of other multiphysics coupling metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhanmiao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xudong Xin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoting Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zehuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhonghui Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuxiang Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices (BKL-MEMD), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Corresponding author.
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11
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Huang F, Hu C, Tian H, Meng X, Tan P, Zhou Z. Controllable anisotropic characteristics in solid solution ferroelectrics. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01198f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Controllable anisotropic properties by adjusting the anisotropic composition gradients in KTN single crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Chengpeng Hu
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Hao Tian
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Xiangda Meng
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Peng Tan
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhou
- School of Physics
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
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12
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Zhang X, Pan Q, Tian D, Zhou W, Chen P, Zhang H, Chu B. Large Flexoelectriclike Response from the Spontaneously Polarized Surfaces in Ferroelectric Ceramics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:057602. [PMID: 30118272 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.057602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonpoled ferroelectric ceramics are thought to be nonpolar because of randomly oriented grains and the formation of ferroelectric domains in the grains. Here, we discover the surfaces (∼several μm thick) of ferroelectric ceramics are spontaneously polarized. Because the orientations of ferroelectric polarization of the opposite surfaces are antiparallel, ferroelectric ceramics are nonpolar as a whole. However, the ceramics exhibit a strong flexoelectriclike electromechanical response from the piezoelectric response of the polarized surfaces if they are asymmetrically strained (such as bending). Our results reveal a major mechanism to resolve one important but largely unresolved issue: the experimentally measured flexoelectric effect is typically orders of magnitude larger than the theoretically predicted value in ferroelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongxia Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wanfeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Pan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Baojin Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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