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Yang Y, Yu LG, Huang YX, Ding XQ, Xue ZQ, Li Z, Yao YX, Zhang S, Xu L, Wen XF, Pei J, Yan C, Huang JQ. Removing α-H in Carboxylate-Based Electrolytes for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202503616. [PMID: 40162861 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202503616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2025] [Revised: 03/30/2025] [Accepted: 03/30/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Although carboxylate esters greatly improve the cold weather performance of graphite-based lithium-ion batteries utilized in arctic expeditions, the underlying cause of the incompatibility between carboxylates and lithium (Li) anodes has not been sufficiently explained, resulting in the greatly restricted usage of carboxylate in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we reveal the serious parasitic reactions between carboxylate α-H atoms and Li metal are the culprits that render carboxylate-based ineffectiveness for LMBs. By replacing all α-H atoms with fluorine atoms and methyl groups, we successfully construct inert carboxylates and find the ions/molecules distribution in electric-double-layer (EDL) can be manipulated at a molecular-level. The unique structure ensuring more anions are positioned closer to the Li surface in the EDL of the inert carboxylate-based electrolyte, the morphology of the deposited Li is significantly regulated and the chemical corrosion gets effectively inhibited, as a consequence of remarkable extending lifespan of carboxylate-based LMBs with routine salt concentration and few additives. More generally, using carboxylates lacking α-H atoms offer a realistic approach to increase the variety of solvents that can be used in LMBs electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Le-Geng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xin Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zhou-Qing Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zeheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xing Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Fei Wen
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Pei
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, P.R. China
| | - Chong Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Zhao J, Lan H, Yang G, Zhu Q, Dong S, Jiang L, Wang G, Wei W, Wu L, Zhou B, Yang D, Chen J, Yang J, Kurbanov M, Wang H. Realizing a 3 C Fast-Charging Practical Sodium Pouch Cell. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202501208. [PMID: 39876673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202501208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), endowed with relatively small Stokes radius and low desolvation energy of Na+, are reckoned as a promising candidate for fast-charging endeavors. However, the C-rate charging capability of practical energy-dense sodium-ion pouch cells is currently limited to ≤1 C, due to the high propensity for detrimental metallic Na plating on the hard carbon (HC) anode at elevated rates. Here, an ampere-hour-level sodium-ion pouch cell capable of 3 C charging is successfully developed via phosphorus (P)-sulfur (S) interphase chemistry. By rational electrolyte regulation, desired P-S constituents, namely, Na3PO4 and Na2SO4, are generated in the solid-electrolyte interphase with favorable Na+ interface kinetics. Specifically, Na+ desolvation energy barrier has been greatly lowered by the weak ion-solvent coordination near the inner Helmholtz plane on Na3PO4 interphase, while Na2SO4 expedites charge carrier mobility due to its intrinsically high ionic conductivity. Consequently, an energy-dense (126 Wh kg-1) O3-Na(Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3)O2||HC pouch cell capable of 3 C charging (100 % state of charge) without Na plating can be achieved, with a great capacity retention of 91.5 % over 200 cycles. Further, the assembled power-type Na3V2(PO4)3||HC pouch cell displays an impressive fast-charging capability of 50 C, which surpasses that of previously reported high-power SIBs. This work serves as an enlightenment for developing fast-charging SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Zhao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, "The Belt and Road Initiative" Advanced Materials International Joint Research Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Hao Lan
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guangze Yang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiaonan Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Li Jiang
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Gongkai Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, "The Belt and Road Initiative" Advanced Materials International Joint Research Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Wenshuo Wei
- Beijing Xibei Power Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Beijing Xibei Power Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Beijing Xibei Power Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Daojun Yang
- Beijing Xibei Power Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Jiangchun Chen
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Hydrogen Energy Research Center, PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Mirtemir Kurbanov
- Arifov Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100077, Uzbekistan
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Cui Z, Liu C, Manthiram A. A Perspective on Pathways Toward Commercial Sodium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025:e2420463. [PMID: 40095743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202420463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely adopted in the automotive industry, with an annual global production exceeding 1000 GWh. Despite their success, the escalating demand for LIBs has created concerns on supply chain issues related to key elements, such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as a promising alternative due to the high abundance and low cost of sodium and other raw materials. Nevertheless, the commercialization of SIBs, particularly for grid storage and automotive applications, faces significant hurdles. This perspective article aims to identify the critical challenges in making SIBs viable from both chemical and techno-economic perspectives. First, a brief comparison of the materials chemistry, working mechanisms, and cost between mainstream LIB systems and prospective SIB systems is provided. The intrinsic challenges of SIBs regarding storage stability, capacity utilization, cycle stability, calendar life, and safe operation of cathode, electrolyte, and anode materials are discussed. Furthermore, issues related to the scalability of material production, materials engineering feasibility, and energy-dense electrode design and fabrication are illustrated. Finally, promising pathways are listed and discussed toward achieving high-energy-density, stable, cost-effective SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Cui
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Liu C, Dolocan A, Cui Z, Manthiram A. Multi-dimensional, Multi-scale Analysis of Interphase Chemistry for Enhanced Fast-Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Ion Mass Spectrometry. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:6023-6036. [PMID: 39913557 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c16561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2025]
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental properties of electrode-electrolyte interphases (EEIs) is essential for designing electrolytes that support stable operation under high charging rates. In this study, we benchmark our fast-charging electrolyte (FCE) against the commercial LP57 electrolyte to identify the EEI characteristics that enhance fast-charging performance. By utilizing the latest advances in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and focused-ion beam (FIB) techniques, we reveal the complex chemical architecture of the cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI). Our findings indicate that stable battery operation under fast-charging conditions requires reduced surface reactivity rather than stabilizing the bulk integrity of the cathode. While inorganic species are often cited as beneficial for EEI composition, their distribution within the EEI is equally critical. Additionally, dynamic interactions between the cathode material and conductive carbon significantly affect CEI formation and alter the passivation layer chemistry. A chemically homogeneous distribution of CEI components passivating preferentially the active material particles is desired for enhanced performance. Notably, the amount of electrolyte decomposition species in the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) far outweighs their distribution within the SEI in determining better electrochemical performance. An inorganic-rich SEI effectively protects graphite particles, suppresses the accumulation of metallic lithium, and prevents the formation of lithium dendrites. Overall, an enhanced fast-charging performance can be achieved by tuning the interphase chemistry and architecture on both the cathode and anode sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrei Dolocan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zehao Cui
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Yang Y, Li Z, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Chen Q, Jiao Y, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhai P, Sun Z, Xiang Y, Gong Y. Ultrafast Lithium-Ion Transport Engineered by Nanoconfinement Effect. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2416266. [PMID: 39760262 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202416266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
Amid the burgeoning demand for electrochemical energy storage and neuromorphic computing, fast ion transport behavior has attracted widespread attention at both fundamental and practical levels. Here, based on the nanoconfined channel of graphene oxide laminar membranes (GOLMs), the lithium ionic conductivity typically exceeding 102 mS cm-1 is realized, one to three orders of magnitude higher than traditional liquid or solid lithium-ion electrolyte. Specifically, the nanoconfined lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)-ethylene carbonate (EC)/ dimethyl carbonate (DMC) electrolyte demonstrates the ionic conductivity of 170 mS cm-1, outperforming the bulk counterpart by ≈16 fold. At the ultralow temperature of -60 °C, the nanoconfined electrolyte also maintains a practically useful conductivity of 11 mS cm-1. Furthermore, the in situ experimental and theoretical framework enables to attribute the enhanced ionic conductivity to the layer-by-layer cations and anions distribution induced by high surface charge and nanoconfinement effects in GO nanochannels. More importantly, integrating such rapid lithium-ion transport nanochannel into the LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode significantly improves the high-rate and long-cycle performance of lithium batteries. These results exhibit the convention-breaking ionic conductivity of nanoconfined electrolytes, inspiring the development of ultrafast ion diffusion pathways based on 2D nanoconfined channels for efficient energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- The Analysis & Testing Center, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zefeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Qiannan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuying Jiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaokun Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Pengbo Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311115, China
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yongji Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- The Analysis & Testing Center, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China
- Center for Micro-Nano Innovation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100029, China
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