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Shun K, Mori K, Masuda S, Hashimoto N, Hinuma Y, Kobayashi H, Yamashita H. Revealing hydrogen spillover pathways in reducible metal oxides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8137-8147. [PMID: 35919430 PMCID: PMC9278487 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00871h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen spillover, the migration of dissociated hydrogen atoms from noble metals to their support materials, is a ubiquitous phenomenon and is widely utilized in heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage materials. However, in-depth understanding of the migration of spilled hydrogen over different types of supports is still lacking. Herein, hydrogen spillover in typical reducible metal oxides, such as TiO2, CeO2, and WO3, was elucidated by combining systematic characterization methods involving various in situ techniques, kinetic analysis, and density functional theory calculations. TiO2 and CeO2 were proven to be promising platforms for the synthesis of non-equilibrium RuNi binary solid solution alloy nanoparticles displaying a synergistic promotional effect in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane. Such behaviour was driven by the simultaneous reduction of both metal cations under a H2 atmosphere over TiO2 and CeO2, in which hydrogen spillover favorably occurred over their surfaces rather than within their bulk phases. Conversely, hydrogen atoms were found to preferentially migrate within the bulk prior to the surface over WO3. Thus, the reductions of both metal cations occurred individually on WO3, which resulted in the formation of segregated NPs with no activity enhancement. The hydrogen spillover pathway in typical reducible metal oxides, such as TiO2, CeO2, and WO3, was investigated by combining various in situ characterization techniques, kinetic analysis, and density functional theory calculations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Shun
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Mori
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Unit of Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Masuda
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoyo Hinuma
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31, Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Kobayashi
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamashita
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Unit of Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Wu Y, Pei C, Tian H, Liu T, Zhang X, Chen S, Xiao Q, Wang X, Gong J. Role of Fe Species of Ni-Based Catalysts for Efficient Low-Temperature Ethanol Steam Reforming. JACS AU 2021; 1:1459-1470. [PMID: 34604855 PMCID: PMC8479767 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The suppression of methane and coke formation over Ni-based catalysts for low temperature ethanol steam reforming remains challenging. This paper describes the structural evolution of Fe-modified Ni/MgAl2O4 catalysts and the influence of iron species on methane and coke suppression for low temperature ethanol steam reforming. Ni-Fe alloy catalysts are gradually oxidized by water to generate Ni-rich alloy and γ-Fe2O3 species at steam-to-carbon ratio of 4. The electron transfer from iron to nickel within Ni-Fe alloy weakens the CO adsorption and effectively alleviates the CO/CO2 methanation. The oxidation capacity of γ-Fe2O3 species promotes the transformation of ethoxy to acetate groups to avoid methane formation and the elimination of carbon deposits for anticoking. Ni10Fe10/MgAl2O4 shows a superior performance with a highest H2 yield of 4.6 mol/mol ethanol at 400 °C for 15 h. This research could potentially provide instructions for the design of Ni-based catalysts for low-temperature ethanol steam reforming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunlei Pei
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianhua Zhang
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sai Chen
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Quan Xiao
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianhui Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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Challenges of Formation of Thin-Film Solid Electrolyte Layers on Non-Conductive Substrates by Electrophoretic Deposition. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11070805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the challenges associated with the formation of single and bilayer coatings based on Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) and CuO modified BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ (BCZYYbO-CuO) solid state electrolytes on porous non-conducting NiO-SDC anode substrates by the method of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) are considered. Various approaches that had been selected after analysis of the literature data in order to carry out the EPD, are tested: direct deposition on a porous non-conductive anode substrate and multiple options for creating the conductivity of the anode substrate under EPD conditions such as the reduction of the NiO-SDC substrate and the creation of a surface conducting sublayer via synthesizing a polypyrrole (PPy) film. New effective method was proposed based on the deposition of a platinum layer on the front side of the substrate. It was ascertained that, during the direct EPD on the porous NiO-SDC substrate, the formation of a continuous coating did not occur, which may be due to insufficient porosity of the substrate used. It was shown that the use of reduced substrates leads to cracking and, in some cases, to the destruction of the entire SDC/NiO-SDC structure. The dependence of the electrolyte film sinterability on the substrate shrinkage was studied. In contrast to the literature data, the use of the substrates with a reduced pre-sintering temperature had no pronounced effect on the densification of the SDC electrolyte film. It was revealed that complete sintering of the SDC electrolyte layer with the formation of a developed grain structure is possible at a temperature of 1550 °C.
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The Role of Bi-Polar Plate Design and the Start-Up Protocol in the Spatiotemporal Dynamics during Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Reduction. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Start-up conditions largely dictate the performance longevity for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The SOFC anode is typically deposited as NiO-ceramic that is reduced to Ni-ceramic during start-up. Effective reduction is imperative to ensuring that the anode is electrochemically active and able to produce electronic and ionic current; the bi-polar plates (BPP) next to the anode allow the transport of current and gases, via land and channels, respectively. This study investigates a commercial SOFC stack that failed following a typical start-up procedure. The BPP design was found to substantially affect the spatiotemporal dynamics of the anode reduction; Raman spectroscopy detected electrochemically inactive NiO on the anode surface below the BPP land-contacts; X-ray computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identified associated contrasts in the electrode porosity, confirming the extension of heterogeneous features beyond the anode surface, towards the electrolyte-anode interface. Failure studies such as this are important for improving statistical confidence in commercial SOFCs and ultimately their competitiveness within the mass-market. Moreover, the spatiotemporal information presented here may aid in the development of novel BPP design and improved reduction protocol methods that minimize cell and stack strain, and thus maximize cell longevity.
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In Situ Raman Characterization of SOFC Materials in Operational Conditions: A Doped Ceria Study. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10070148. [PMID: 32664201 PMCID: PMC7407173 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10070148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The particular operational conditions of electrochemical cells make the simultaneous characterization of both structural and transport properties challenging. The rapidity and flexibility of the acquisition of Raman spectra places this technique as a good candidate to measure operating properties and changes. Raman spectroscopy has been applied to well-known lanthanide ceria materials and the structural dependence on the dopant has been extracted. The evolution of Pr-doped ceria with temperature has been recorded by means of a commercial cell showing a clear increment in oxygen vacancies concentration. To elucidate the changes undergone by the electrolyte or membrane material in cell operation, the detailed construction of a homemade Raman cell is reported. The cell can be electrified, sealed and different gases can be fed into the cell chambers, so that the material behavior in the reaction surface and species evolved can be tracked. The results show that the Raman technique is a feasible and rather simple experimental option for operating characterization of solid-state electrochemical cell materials, although the treatment of the extracted data is not straightforward.
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Jiang C, Akkullu MR, Li B, Davila JC, Janik MJ, Dooley KM. Rapid screening of ternary rare-earth – Transition metal catalysts for dry reforming of methane and characterization of final structures. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ovtar S, Tong X, Bentzen JJ, Thydén KTS, Simonsen SB, Chen M. Boosting the performance and durability of Ni/YSZ cathode for hydrogen production at high current densities via decoration with nano-sized electrocatalysts. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4394-4406. [PMID: 30801595 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07678b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conventional Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrodes in solid oxide cells experience fast degradation when operated for the electrolysis of steam at high current densities. This study presents a relatively simple procedure of infiltrating Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (CGO) nanoparticles into the Ni/YSZ electrode to achieve a stable cell performance. The long-term durability tests of the cells with a bare Ni/YSZ electrode and a CGO-infiltrated Ni/YSZ electrode were performed at 800 °C and -1.25 A cm-2. The cell stability was investigated by measuring the cell voltage and obtaining the electro-chemical impedance spectra. The post-mortem analysis of the tested cells was conducted via scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The CGO nanoparticle infiltration reduced the cell voltage degradation rate from 699 mV kh-1 for the bare Ni/YSZ electrode to 66 mV kh-1 for the infiltrated electrode. The investigation showed that after introducing CGO nanoparticles, the steam reduction mechanism changed, and the electrode degradation originated from different mechanisms than that for the bare Ni/YSZ electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ovtar
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Papaefthimiou V, Niakolas DK, Paloukis F, Dintzer T, Zafeiratos S. Is Steam an Oxidant or a Reductant for Nickel/Doped-Ceria Cermets? Chemphyschem 2017; 18:164-170. [PMID: 27792266 PMCID: PMC5324694 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nickel/doped-ceria composites are promising electrocatalysts for solid-oxide fuel and electrolysis cells. Very often steam is present in the feedstock of the cells, frequently mixed with other gases, such as hydrogen or CO2 . An increase in the steam concentration in the feed mixture is considered accountable for the electrode oxidation and the deactivation of the device. However, direct experimental evidence of the steam interaction with nickel/doped-ceria composites, with adequate surface specificity, are lacking. Herein we explore in situ the surface state of nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria (NiGDC) under O2 , H2 , and H2 O environments by using near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies. Changes in the surface oxidation state and composition of NiGDC in response to the ambient gas are observed. It is revealed that, in the mbar pressure regime and at intermediate temperature conditions (500-700 °C), steam acts as an oxidant for nickel but has a dual oxidant/reductant function for doped ceria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Papaefthimiou
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25, rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | | | - Fotios Paloukis
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25, rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Thierry Dintzer
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25, rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Spyridon Zafeiratos
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25, rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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