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Zheng Y, Wang P, Zhu S, Wu M, Zhang L, Feng C, Li D, Chang Z, Chong R. Rational Design of CoOOH/α-Fe 2O 3/SnO 2 for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation: The Roles of Underneath SnO 2 and Surface CoOOH. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2745-2755. [PMID: 38241145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) photoanode is a promising candidate for efficient PEC solar energy conversion. However, the serious charge recombination together with the sluggish water oxidation kinetics of α-Fe2O3 still restricts its practical application in renewable energy systems. In this work, a CoOOH/α-Fe2O3/SnO2 photoanode was fabricated, in which the ultrathin SnO2 underlayer is deposited on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate, α-Fe2O3 nanorod array is the absorber layer, and CoOOH nanosheet is the surface modifier, respectively. The resulting CoOOH/α-Fe2O3/SnO2 exhibited excellent PEC water splitting with a high photocurrent density of 2.05 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs RHE in the alkaline electrolyte, which is ca. 3.25 times that of bare α-Fe2O3. PEC characterizations demonstrated that SnO2 not only could block hole transport from α-Fe2O3 to FTO substrate but also could efficiently enhance the light-harvesting property and reduce the surface states by controlling the growth process of α-Fe2O3, while the CoOOH overlayer as cocatalysts could rapidly extract the photogenerated holes and provide catalytic active sites for water oxidation. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of SnO2 and CoOOH, the efficiency of the charge recombination and the overpotential for water oxidation of α-Fe2O3 are obviously decreased, resulting in the boosted PEC efficiency for water oxidation. The rational design and simple fabrication strategy display great potentials to be used for other PEC systems with excellent efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zheng
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Penglong Wang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mingwei Wu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Caixia Feng
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Deliang Li
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhixian Chang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ruifeng Chong
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Green Anticorrosion Technology for Magnesium Alloys, Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Pollution, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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He X, Tian W, Yang L, Bai Z, Li L. Optical and Electrical Modulation Strategies of Photoelectrodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300350. [PMID: 37330656 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
When constructing efficient, cost-effective, and stable photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems, the solar-driven photo-to-chemical conversion efficiency of semiconductors is limited by several factors, including the surface catalytic activity, light absorption range, carrier separation, and transfer efficiency. Accordingly, various modulation strategies, such as modifying the light propagation behavior and regulating the absorption range of incident light based on optics and constructing and regulating the built-in electric field of semiconductors based on carrier behaviors in semiconductors, are implemented to improve the PEC performance. Herein, the mechanism and research advancements of optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are reviewed. First, parameters and methods for characterizing the performance and mechanism of photoelectrodes are introduced to reveal the principle and significance of modulation strategies. Then, plasmon and photonic crystal structures and mechanisms are summarized from the perspective of controlling the propagation behavior of incident light. Subsequently, the design of an electrical polarization material, polar surface, and heterojunction structure is elaborated to construct an internal electric field, which serves as the driving force to facilitate the separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for developing optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhong He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Center for Disease Immunity and Intervention, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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Chen Q, Xiao Y, Xiao FX. Crafting Insulating Polymer Mediated and Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters Photosensitized Photosystems Towards Solar Water Oxidization. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1471-1479. [PMID: 38173240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) have been deemed as a new generation of metal nanomaterials because of their characteristic atomic stacking fashion, quantum confinement effect, and multitude of active sites. The discrete molecular-like energy band structure of metal NCs endows them with photosensitization capability for light harvesting and conversion. However, applications of metal NCs in photoelectrocatalysis are limited by the ultrafast charge recombination and unfavorable stability, impeding the construction of metal NC-based photosystems. In this work, we elaborately crafted multilayered metal oxide (MO)/(metal NCs/insulating polymer)n photoanodes by a facile layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique. In these well-defined heterostructured photoanodes, glutathione (GSH)-wrapped metal NCs (Agx@GSH, Ag9@GSH6, Ag16@GSH9, and Ag31@GSH19) and an insulating poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) layer are alternately deposited on the MO substrate in a highly ordered integration mode. We found that photoelectrons of metal NCs can be tunneled into the MO substrate via the intermediate ultrathin insulating polymer layer by stimulating the tandem charge transfer route, thus facilitating charge separation and boosting photoelectrochemical water oxidation performances. Our work would open a new frontier for judiciously regulating directional charge transport over atomically precise metal NCs for solar-to-hydrogen conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Fang-Xing Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian 350108, China
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Ren K, Zhou J, Wu Z, Sun Q, Qi L. Dual Heterojunctions and Nanobowl Morphology Engineered BiVO 4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304835. [PMID: 37653619 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting represents an attractive strategy to realize the conversion from solar energy to hydrogen energy, but severe charge recombination in photoanodes significantly limits the conversion efficiency. Herein, a unique BiVO4 (BVO) nanobowl (NB) heterojunction photoanode, which consists of [001]-oriented BiOCl underlayer and BVO nanobowls containing embedded BiOCl nanocrystals, is fabricated by nanosphere lithography followed by in situ transformation. Experimental characterizations and theoretical simulation prove that nanobowl morphology can effectively enhance light absorption while reducing carrier diffusion path. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the tendency of electron transfer from BVO to BiOCl. The [001]-oriented BiOCl underlayer forms a compact type II heterojunction with the BVO, favoring electron transfer from BVO through BiOCl to the substrate. Furthermore, the embedded BiOCl nanoparticles form a bulk heterojunction to facilitate bulk electron transfer. Consequently, the dual heterojunctions engineered BVO/BiOCl NB photoanode exhibits attractive PEC performance toward water oxidation with an excellent bulk charge separation efficiency of 95.5%, and a remarkable photocurrent density of 3.38 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, a fourfold enhancement compared to the flat BVO counterpart. This work highlights the great potential of integrating dual heterojunctions engineering and morphology engineering in fabricating high-performance photoelectrodes toward efficient solar conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Ren
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zihao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Limin Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Li Y, Liu S, Liu R, Pan J, Li X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Wang D, Quan H, Zhu S. Nanoarchitectonics on Z-scheme and Mott-Schottky heterostructure for photocatalytic water oxidation via dual-cascade charge-transfer pathways. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3386-3395. [PMID: 37325531 PMCID: PMC10262966 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00182b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The bottleneck for water splitting to generate hydrogen fuel is the sluggish oxidation of water. Even though the monoclinic-BiVO4 (m-BiVO4)-based heterostructure has been widely applied for water oxidation, carrier recombination on dual surfaces of the m-BiVO4 component have not been fully resolved by a single heterojunction. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, we established an m-BiVO4/carbon nitride (C3N4) Z-scheme heterostructure based on the m-BiVO4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) Mott-Schottky heterostructure, constructing the face-contact C3N4/m-BiVO4/rGO (CNBG) ternary composite to remove excessive surface recombination during water oxidation. The rGO can accumulate photogenerated electrons from m-BiVO4 through a high conductivity region over the heterointerface, with the electrons then prone to diffuse along a highly conductive carbon network. In an internal electric field at the heterointerface of m-BiVO4/C3N4, the low-energy electrons and holes are rapidly consumed under irradiation. Therefore, spatial separation of electron-hole pairs occurs, and strong redox potentials are maintained by the Z-scheme electron transfer. These advantages endow the CNBG ternary composite with over 193% growth in O2 yield, and a remarkable rise in ·OH and ·O2- radicals, compared to the m-BiVO4/rGO binary composite. This work shows a novel perspective for rationally integrating Z-scheme and Mott-Schottky heterostructures in the water oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Runlu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Jian Pan
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Xin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Hengdao Quan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Shenmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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Wu D, Zeng L, Liu Y, Yuan C, Xue X, Zhang X. Design of 2D/2D heterojunction of Ti3C2/BiOClxBr1-x for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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7
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Liu C, Zuo J, Su X, Guo H, Pei Y, Zhang J, Chen S. Nanoetching TiO 2 nanorod photoanodes to induce high-energy facet exposure for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15918-15927. [PMID: 36268828 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04031j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crystal facet engineering is considered as an effective way to improve photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Here, we have developed a nanoetching technology (TiO2 → TiO2/Bi4Ti3O12 → TiO2/BiVO4 → etching-TiO2) to treat rutile TiO2 nanorod films. Interestingly, the technology can induce the exposure of a large number of high energy (101) faces, and the etching-TiO2 film (E-TiO2) showed a significantly enhanced PEC performance. A dynamic study indicates that charge separation and transfer have been obviously improved by such a nanoetching technology. In particular, the charge transfer efficiency (ηtrans) of E-TiO2 reaches 93.4% at 1.23 V vs. RHE without any loaded cocatalyst. The mechanism of PEC performance enhanced by the strategy is experimentally and theoretically unraveled. The improvement of PEC performance is mainly attributed to the shorter distance between H and the neighboring O-b for the HO* intermediates of the rutile (101) facet, which can reduce the energy barrier for the OER. Besides, the driving force for spatial charge separation between the (110) and (101) facets can promote charge separation. This work offers a new and versatile nanotechnology to induce the exposure of the high energy crystal facets and improve the PEC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
| | - Jian Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin Su
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
| | - Huili Guo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
| | - Yong Pei
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China.
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8
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Wang X, Lei Y, Gao Y, Yun X, Wang Z, Fan F, Ma Y. Multi-Function of the Ni Interlayer in the Design of a BiVO 4-Based Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:48682-48693. [PMID: 36265862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BiVO4 with an appropriate band structure is considered to be an ideal candidate for photoanodes. However, slow water oxidation kinetics and low charge separation efficiency seriously restrict its application. To address these issues, an NF/N/BVO photoanode with a hierarchical network structure was successfully constructed by direct-current magnetron sputtering of Ni followed by electrochemical deposition of nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) on BiVO4. A photocurrent density of 4.50 mA/cm2 was obtained for NF/N/BVO, which was 2.4 times that for pristine BiVO4. The introduction of the Ni layer contributed to the following growth of NiFe-LDH nanosheets with larger size, which acted as active sites and speeded up water oxidation kinetics. Furthermore, surface photovoltage microscopy revealed that Ni and NiFe-LDH acted as the electron collector and hole reservoir, respectively. The co-existence of the two components constituted a highly efficient surface charge separation structure, which was one of the important issues for the excellent water oxidation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Lei
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinyi Yun
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zenglin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Fengtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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9
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Dong M, Wang Y, Li A, Cheng C. Three-dimensional BiVO 4-based semiconductor photocathode for high efficiency photo-assisted Zn-iodine redox flow batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:265401. [PMID: 35313297 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5f83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous Zn-iodine redox flow batteries have aroused great interest for the features of high capacity, excellent stability, low cost, and high safety, yet the dissatisfying energy efficiency still limits their future advancement. In this work, three-dimensional semiconductor BiVO4nanoparticles decorated hierarchical TiO2/SnO2arrays (BiVO4@TiO2/SnO2) were applied as photocathode in Zn-iodine redox flow batteries (ZIRFBs) for the realization of efficient photo-assisted charge/discharge process. The photogenerated carriers at the solid/liquid interfaces boosted the oxidation process of I-, and thus contributed to a significant elevation in energy efficiency of 14.9% (@0.5 mA cm-2). A volumetric discharge capacity was extended by 79.6% under light illumination, owing to a reduced polarization. The photocathode also exhibited an excellent durability, leading to a stable operation for over 80 h with a maintained high energy efficiency of ∼90% @0.2 mA cm-2. The research offers a feasible approach for the realization of high-energy-efficiency aqueous Zn-iodine batteries towards high-efficiency energy conversion and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanwei Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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Li S, Xu W, Meng L, Tian W, Li L. Recent Progress on Semiconductor Heterojunction‐Based Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Linxing Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
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11
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Kahng S, Kim JH. Heterojunction photoanode of SnO 2 and Mo-doped BiVO 4 for boosting photoelectrochemical performance and tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132800. [PMID: 34748804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) method has a potential to harvest solar energy for sustainable energy and degrade contaminants. Herein, we fabricated cauliflower-like SnO2 and porous Mo-doped BiVO4 (SnO2/Mo:BiVO4) photoelectrodes by a sol-gel spin-coating method for better PEC performance and higher degradability of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl). The SnO2 layer plays a crucial role in attaining a smooth and uniform surface of the photoanodes for blocking holes to defect trap sites and preventing charge recombination with improved light utilization. Mo dopants serve as nuclei for the crystallization of BiVO4 and for making charge-adjustable porous structures for PEC performance. Thus, the content-optimized SnO2/Mo:BiVO4 photoanode film presents the highest photocurrent density of 0.59 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE of 82.1% TC-HCl decomposition efficiency within 120 min at a rate constant of 1.49 × 10-2 min-1, providing a promising method for green environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Kahng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyeun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, South Korea.
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12
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Han J, Yan H, Hu C, Song Q, Kang J, Guo Y, Liu Z. Simultaneous Modulation of Interface Reinforcement, Crystallization, Anti-Reflection, and Carrier Transport in Sb Gradient-Doped SnO 2 /Sb 2 S 3 Heterostructure for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Cell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105026. [PMID: 35142067 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an effective quadruple optimization integrated synergistic strategy is designed to fabricate quality Sb gradient-doped SnO2 /Sb2 S3 heterostructure for an efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. The experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that i) optical absorption matching is realized by combining the anti-reflection of SnO2 and high light absorption ability of Sb2 S3 in the visible region; ii) interface reinforcement is carried out by coordinating gradient-distributed Sb in SnO2 with S in S-rich precursor of Sb2 S3 for improving the Sb2 S3 crystallization process and matching crystalline lattice of Sb:SnO2 and Sb2 S3 ; iii) ultrahigh electron mobility is achieved by making Sb gradient-doped SnO2 ; iv) carrier separation and transport are accelerated by constructing type-II heterojunction with appropriate energy level alignment and forming a high-speed electron transport channel. All of above-mentioned optimization effects are integrated into a synergistic strategy for constructing the Sb:SnO2 /Sb2 S3 photoanode, achieving a photocurrent density of 2.30 mA cm-2 , hydrogen generation rate of 30.03 µmol cm-2 h-1 , and decent working stability. Notably, this method can also be used in other large-scale fabrication processes, such as drop-casting, spray-coating, blade-coating, printing, slot-die, etc. Moreover, this universal integrated strategy paves an avenue to fabricate efficient photoelectrodes with excellent photoelectrochemical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Han
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Huiyu Yan
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Qinggong Song
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Jianhai Kang
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Yanrui Guo
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Building Green Functional Materials, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
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13
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Guo H, Zhang Y, Wang S, Li L, Wang W, Sun Q. In-situ generation of Bi2S3 to construct WO3/BiVO4/Bi2S3 heterojunction for photocathodic protection of 304SS. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Zhang X, Chen H, Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu X, Ma J, Xu S, Li H. Fabrication of 3D hierarchical Fe 2O 3/SnO 2photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155705. [PMID: 34983031 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac47cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring and fabricating a suitable photoanode with high catalytic activity is critical for enhancing photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Herein, a novel 3D hierarchical Fe2O3/SnO2photoanode was fabricated by a hydrothermal route, combining with an annealing process. The morphology, crystal structure were studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photon spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction, respectively. The results reveal the successful preparation of Fe2O3nanothorns on the surface of SnO2nanosheets. The as-fabricated 3D Fe2O3/SnO2photoanode yields obviously promoted PEC performance with a photocurrent density of approximate 5.85 mA cm-2, measured in a mixture of Na2S (0.25 M) and Na2SO3(0.35 M) aqueous solution at 1.23 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE). This value of photocurrent is about 53 times higher than that of the bare SnO2photoanode. The obvious improved PEC properties can be attributed to the 3D Fe2O3/SnO2heterostructures that offer outstanding light harvesting ability as well as improved charge transport and separation. These results suggest that exploring a suitable 3D hierarchical photoanode is an effective approach to boost PEC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwen Ma
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
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Wang Z, Zhu H, Tu W, Zhu X, Yao Y, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Host/Guest Nanostructured Photoanodes Integrated with Targeted Enhancement Strategies for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103744. [PMID: 34738739 PMCID: PMC8805576 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production from water splitting is a green technology that can solve the environmental and energy problems through converting solar energy into renewable hydrogen fuel. The construction of host/guest architecture in semiconductor photoanodes has proven to be an effective strategy to improve solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency dramatically. In host/guest photoanodes, the absorber layer is deposited onto a high-surface-area electron collector, resulting in a significant enhancements in light-harvesting as well as charge collection and separation efficiency. The present review aims to summarize and highlight recent state-of-the-art progresses in the architecture designing of host/guest photoanodes with integrated enhancement strategies, including i) light trapping effect; ii) optimization of conductive host scaffolds; iii) hierarchical structure engineering. The challenges and prospects for the future development of host/guest nanostructured photoanodes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhu
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
| | - Wenguang Tu
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhu
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
| | - Yingfang Yao
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
- College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210093P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano TechnologyNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresSchool of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210093P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano TechnologyNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresSchool of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210093P. R. China
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Wang L, Cui X, Xu Y, Anpo M, Fang Y. Sustainable photoanode for water oxidation reactions: from metal-based to metal-free materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10469-10479. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03803j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sunlight affords an inexhaustible and primary energy for Earth. A photoelectrochemical system can efficiently harvest solar energy and convert it into chemicals. However, sophisticated processes and expensive raw materials are...
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TiO2/SnO2 nano-composite: New insights in synthetic, structural, optical and photocatalytic aspects. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Li X, Dong Y, Hu G, Ma K, Chen M, Ding Y. Morphology Engineering of BiVO 4 with CoO x Derived from Cobalt-containing Polyoxometalate as Co-catalyst for Oxygen Evolution. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2967-2972. [PMID: 34352152 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4 ) as a metal oxidation semiconductor has stimulated extensive attention in the photocatalytic water splitting field. However, the poor transport ability and easy recombination of charge carriers limit photocatalytic water oxidation activity of pure BiVO4 . Herein, the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 is enhanced via adjusting its morphology and combination co-catalyst. First, the Cu-BiVO4 was synthesized by copper doping to control the growth of {110} facet of BiVO4 , which is regarded for the separation of photo-generated charge carriers. Then the CoOx in-situ generated from K6 [SiCoII (H2 O)W11 O39 ] ⋅ 16H2 O was photo-deposited on Cu-BiVO4 surface as co-catalyst to speed up reaction kinetics. Cu-BiVO4 @CoOx hybrid catalyst shows highest photocatalytic activity and best stability among all the prepared catalysts. Oxygen evolution is about 34.6 μmol in pH 4 acetic acid buffer under 420 nm LED irradiation, which is nearly 20 times higher than that of pure BiVO4 . Apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) in 1 h and O2 yield are 1.83% and 23.1%, respectively. O2 evolution amount nearly maintains the original value even after 5 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yinjuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kangwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
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19
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Lin X, Wei ZQ, Mo QL, Hou S, Xu S, Fu XY, Xiao FX. Electron tunneling through interim ligand layers towards photoredox selective organic transformation. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Iqbal N, Khan I, Ali A, Qurashi A. A sustainable molybdenum oxysulphide-cobalt phosphate photocatalyst for effectual solar-driven water splitting. J Adv Res 2021; 36:15-26. [PMID: 35127161 PMCID: PMC8799912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile synthesis of Molybdenum oxysulphide-cobalt phosphate (MoOxSy-CoPi) novel material for solar water splitting. The MoOxSy-CoPI photocatalyst corresponded to the most stable oxidation states of Mo, Co, S, P, and O in the composite. Nanoflowers of MoOxSy-CoPI showed controlled thickness up to ∼10 nm, and variable interspaces of 200-400 nm were produced. Band-gap energy of 2.44 eV and significantly higher (7-8 folds) photocurrent density of MoOxSy-CoPI is recorded compared to MoOxSy and CoPI.
Introduction Hydrogen is considered as a clean alternative green energy future fuel. Since the Honda-Fujishima effect for photoelectrochemical water splitting is known, there has been a substantial boost in this field. Numerous photocatalysts based on metals, semiconductors, and organic-inorganic hybrid-systems have been proposed. Several factors limit their efficiency, e.g., a stable PEC-WS setup, absorbing visible light, well-aligned band energy for charge transfer, electrons and holes, and their separation to avoid recombination and limited water redox reactions. Metallic doping and impregnation of stable and efficient co-catalysts such as Pt, Ag, and Au showed enhanced PEC-WS. We used Cobalt-based co-catalyst with molybdenum oxysulfide photocatalyst for effectual solar-driven water splitting. Objectives To develop photocatalysts for efficient PEC processes capable of absorbing sufficient visible light, good band energy for effective charge transfer, inexpensive, significant solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiencies. Above all, it is developing such PEC-WS systems that will be commercially viable for renewable energy resources. Methods We prepared Molybdenum oxysulphide-cobalt phosphate photocatalyst for PEC-WS through a facile hydrothermal route using ammonium heptamolybdate, thiourea, and metallic Cobalt precursors. Results An effectual photocatalyst is produced for solar-driven water splitting. The conformal morphology of MoOxSy-CoPi nanoflowers is a significant feature, as observed under FE-SEM and HR-TEM. XRD confirmed the degree of purity and orthorhombic crystal structure of MoOxSy-CoPi. EDX and XPS identify the elemental compositions and corresponding oxidation states of each atom. A 2.44 eV band-gap energy is calculated for MoOxSy-CoPi from the diffused reflectance spectrum. Photo- Electrochemical Studies (PEC) under 1-SUN solar irradiation revealed 7-8 folds enhanced photocurrent (∼ 3.5 mA/cm2) generated from MoOxSy-CoPi/FTO in comparison to Co-PI/FTO (∼ 0.5 mA/cm2) and MoOxSy-/FTO respectively, within 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte (@pH=7) and standard three electrodes electrochemical cell. Conclusion Our results showed MoOxSy-CoPi as promising photocatalyst material for improved solar-driven photoelectrochemical water splitting system.
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Tang R, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Zheng R, Huang J. Engineering Nanostructure-Interface of Photoanode Materials Toward Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005389. [PMID: 33733537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation based on semiconductor materials plays an important role in the production of clean fuel and value-added chemicals. Nanostructure-interface engineering has proven to be an effective way to construct highly efficient PEC water oxidation photoanodes with good light capture, carrier transport, and water oxidation kinetics. However, from theoretical and application perspectives, the relationship between the nanostructure and interface of photoanode materials and their PEC performance remains unclear. In this review, the PEC water oxidation reaction mechanism and evaluation criteria are briefly presented. The theoretical basis and research status of the nanostructure-interface engineering on constructing high-performance PEC water oxidation photoanodes are summarized and discussed. Finally, the current challenges and the future opportunities of nanostructure-interface engineering for the PEC reactions are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Shujie Zhou
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jun Huang
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
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22
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Zhang J, Zhang G, Lan H, Qu J, Liu H. Synergetic Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation with Atomic Hydrogen Reduction Lowers the Organochlorine Conversion Barrier and Potentiates Effective Contaminant Mineralization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3296-3304. [PMID: 33544573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For effective treatment and reuse of wastewater, removal of organochlorines is an important consideration. Oxidation or reduction of these compounds by one-component free radicals is difficult because of the high-energy barrier. Theoretical calculations predict that redox synergy can significantly lower the energy barriers. Hence, we developed an energy-efficient dual photoelectrode photoelectrochemical system wherein the oxidized and reduced radicals coexist. Taking p-chloroaniline as an example, the atomic hydrogen first initiates nucleophilic hydrodechlorination to form a critical intermediate followed by the electrophilic oxidation of the hydroxyl radical; the process shows stable free-energy changes. Compared to oxidation alone, the reaction rate and mineralization in the redox synergy system were ∼4.5 and ∼2.1 times higher, respectively. Nitrogen was also completely removed via this system. The full life cycle assessment with power consumption as the boundary showed that the proposed system was sustainable and highly energy efficient, ensuring its application in organochlorine wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huachun Lan
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Lin J, Zhang Z, Chai J, Cao B, Deng X, Wang W, Liu X, Li G. Highly Efficient InGaN Nanorods Photoelectrode by Constructing Z-scheme Charge Transfer System for Unbiased Water Splitting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006666. [PMID: 33350056 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unbiased photoelectrochemical water splitting for the promising InGaN nanorods photoelectrode is highly desirable, but it is practically hindered by the serious recombination of charge carrier in bulk and surface of InGaN nanorods. Herein, an unbiased Z-scheme InGaN nanorods/Cu2 O nanoparticles heterostructured system with boosted interfacial charge transfer is constructed for the first time. The introduced Cu2 O nanoparticles pose double-sided effect on photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of InGaN nanorods, which enables a robust hybrid structure and induces weakened light absorption capability simultaneously. As a result, the optimized InGaN/Cu2 O-1.5C photoelectrode with the uniform morphology exhibits an enhanced photocurrent density of ≈170 µA cm-2 at 0 V versus Pt, with 8.5-fold enhancement compared with pure InGaN nanorods. Comprehensive investigations into experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the electrons accumulation and holes depletion of Cu2 O facilitate to form a typical Z-scheme band alignment, thus providing a large photovoltage to drive unbiased water splitting and enhancing the stability of Cu2 O. This work provides a novel and facile strategy to achieve InGaN nanorods and other catalyst-based PEC water splitting without external bias, and to relieve the bottlenecks of charge transfer dynamics at the electrode bulk and electrode/electrolyte interface by constructing Z-scheme heterostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jixing Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ben Cao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Electronic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xingjiang Liu
- Science and Technology on Power Sources Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Electronic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Li Z, Zhang Q, Chen X, Yang F, Wang D, Liu L, Ye J. Cl - modification for effective promotion of photoelectrochemical water oxidation over BiVO 4. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13153-13156. [PMID: 33016292 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Postsynthetic treatment is an attractive method to enhance photoelectrochemical water splitting. The facile Cl- modification approach developed in this work remarkably promotes the photocurrent density of BiVO4 up to 2.7 mA cm-2 by facilitating carrier transfer in addition to a charge carrier separation efficiency enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- TJU-NIMS International Collaboration Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education) and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Chen Z, Corkett AJ, de Bruin-Dickason C, Chen J, Rokicińska A, Kuśtrowski P, Dronskowski R, Slabon A. Tailoring the Surface Properties of Bi 2O 2NCN by in Situ Activation for Augmented Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on WO 3 and CuWO 4 Heterojunction Photoanodes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13589-13597. [PMID: 32886498 PMCID: PMC7509841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Bismuth(III) oxide-carbodiimide
(Bi2O2NCN)
has been recently discovered as a novel mixed-anion semiconductor,
which is structurally related to bismuth oxides and oxysulfides. Given
the structural versatility of these layered structures, we investigated
the unexplored photochemical properties of the target compound for
photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Although Bi2O2NCN does not generate a noticeable photocurrent as a
single photoabsorber, the fabrication of heterojunctions with the
WO3 thin film electrode shows an upsurge of current density
from 0.9 to 1.1 mA cm–2 at 1.23 V vs reversible
hydrogen electrode (RHE) under 1 sun (AM 1.5G) illumination in phosphate
electrolyte (pH 7.0). Mechanistic analysis and structural analysis
using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning transmission
electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM EDX)
indicate that Bi2O2NCN transforms during operating
conditions in situ to a core–shell structure
Bi2O2NCN/BiPO4. When compared to
WO3/BiPO4, the in situ electrolyte-activated
WO3/Bi2O2NCN photoanode shows a higher
photocurrent density due to superior charge separation across the
oxide/oxide-carbodiimide interface layer. Changing the electrolyte
from phosphate to sulfate results in a lower photocurrent and shows
that the electrolyte determines the surface chemistry and mediates
the PEC activity of the metal oxide-carbodiimide. A similar trend
could be observed for CuWO4 thin film photoanodes. These
results show the potential of metal oxide-carbodiimides as relatively
novel representatives of mixed-anion compounds and shed light on the
importance of the control over the surface chemistry to enable the in situ activation. Phosphate electrolyte
activates the metal oxide−Bi2O2NCN heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alex J Corkett
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Caspar de Bruin-Dickason
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rokicińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Richard Dronskowski
- Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany.,Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Liuxian Boulevard 7098, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Dai W, Tao Y, Zou H, Xiao S, Li G, Zhang D, Li H. Gas-Phase Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of NO via TiO 2 Nanorod Array/FTO Photoanodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:5902-5912. [PMID: 32250099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Most photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reactions are performed in the liquid phase for convenient electron transfer in an electrolyte solution. Herein, a novel PEC reactor involving a tandem combination of TiO2 nanorod array/fluorine-doped tin oxide (TiO2-NR/FTO) working electrodes and an electrochemical auxiliary cell was constructed to drive the highly efficient PEC oxidation of indoor gas (NOx). With the aid of a low bias voltage (0.3 V), the as-formed PEC reactor exhibited an 80% removal rate for oxidizing NO (500 ppb) under light irradiation, which is much higher than that of the traditional photocatalytic (PC) process. Upon being irradiated by light, the photogenerated electrons are quickly separated from the holes and transferred to the counter electrode (Pt) owing to the applied bias voltage, leaving photogenerated holes in the TiO2-NR/FTO electrode for oxidizing NO molecules. Moreover, both dry and humid NO could be effectively removed by the tandem TiO2-NR/FTO-based gas-phase PEC reactor, indicating that the NO molecules could also be directly oxidized by photogenerated holes in addition to hydroxyl radicals. The presence of trace amounts of water could promote the PEC oxidation of NO owing to the formation of hydroxyl radicals induced by reactions between the water and holes, which could further oxidize NO. This PEC reactor offers an energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and efficient route to treat air polluted with low concentrations of gases (NOx and SOx).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Dai
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tao
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Hangjun Zou
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Shuning Xiao
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Guisheng Li
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Dieqing Zhang
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
| | - Hexing Li
- Chinese Education Ministry Key Lab and International Joint Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China
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