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Ortín-Bustillo A, Botía M, López-Arjona M, Pardo-Marín L, Cerón JJ, Martínez-Subiela S, López-Martínez MJ, Tvarijonaviciute A, Muñoz-Prieto A, Rubio CP, Martínez-Miró S, Escribano D, Tecles F. Saliva Sampling Material Matters: Effects on the Results of Saliva Analysis in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3757. [PMID: 38136795 PMCID: PMC10741101 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of saliva as a biological sample from pigs is of high practical interest because blood collection from pigs is difficult and stressful. In this study, the influence of two different materials, a cotton roll and a polypropylene sponge, in porcine saliva collection was evaluated. For this purpose, the effect of the material used for sampling was evaluated in a panel of 13 analytes, including those related to stress (cortisol and oxytocin), inflammation and immunity (adenosine deaminase, haptoglobin and myeloperoxidase), redox homeostasis (the cupric reducing ability of saliva, the ferric reducing activity of saliva, and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), and sepsis (procalcitonin), as well as other routine analytes related to metabolism and different tissues and organs, such as lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, urea, and total protein concentration. The polypropylene sponge provided a higher sample volume than the cotton roll. Although the results of some salivary analytes were equivalent for both materials, other analytes, such as creatine kinase, haptoglobin and total proteins, showed significant differences depending on the material used for saliva collection. Therefore, the type of material used for salivary collection in pigs should be considered when interpreting the results of analyses of the salivary analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ortín-Bustillo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - María Botía
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Marina López-Arjona
- Department of Animal and Food Science, School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Luis Pardo-Marín
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - José J. Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - María José López-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Camila P. Rubio
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Silvia Martínez-Miró
- Department of Animal Production, Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Damián Escribano
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
- Department of Animal Production, Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.O.-B.); (M.B.); (L.P.-M.); (J.J.C.); (S.M.-S.); (M.J.L.-M.); (A.T.); (A.M.-P.); (C.P.R.); (F.T.)
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