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Tan Y, Chen J, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xia S, Chen L, Wei W, Chen Z. Three Novel ARID1B Variations in Coffin-Siris Syndrome Patients. Neurol India 2022; 70:2174-2179. [PMID: 36352633 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.359283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) (OMIM #135900) involves multiple congenital malformations, including hypotonia, short stature, sparse scalp hair, a coarse face, prominent eyebrows, a wide mouth, delayed bone age, and hypoplastic or absent fifth fingers/toes or nails, together with developmental delay. The cause of CSS is suggested to be related to alterations in the BRG- or HRBM-associated factor (BAF) pathway in humans. In this gene family, pathogenic variations in the AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B (ARID1B) gene are revealed to be a significant element causing neurodevelopmental disability in patients with CSS. Herein, we describe the clinical features and gene variations in four Chinese patients with CSS. All the patients shared common features of short fifth fingers/toes or hypoplastic nails, coarse facial features, thick eyebrows, long cilia, a flat nasal bridge, a broad nose, a wide mouth, a high palate, and hypotonia. Besides, they had an intellectual disability, language, and motor developmental delay. Candidate genes were screened for variations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The variations were sequenced by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by first-generation sequencing. Exome sequencing suggested four de novo variations in the ARID1B gene in four unrelated patients. These included two frameshift variations (c.3581delC, c.6661_6662insG) and two nonsense variations (c.1936C>T, c.2248C>T). Of the four variations, three variations were novel. The results in our present study broaden the understanding of the disease and further interpret the molecular genetic mechanism of these rare variations in CSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Haier Road; Department of Pediatrics, Zibo City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University. No. 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China
| | - Yutang Li
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University. No. 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China
| | - Yedan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zibo City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shungang Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Zibo City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Zibo City Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Kangso Medical Inspection Co., Ltd, Building 10, Zone C, Yiyuan Science and Technology Park Haidian District. No. 65 Xingshikou Road, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Zongbo Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Haier Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266034, China
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2
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Yu QX, Jing XY, Lin XM, Zhen L, Li DZ. Prenatal diagnosis of Coffin-Siris syndrome: WHAT ARE THE FETAL FEATURES? Prenat Diagn 2022; 42:1488-1492. [PMID: 35801292 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present both our center's and previously reported experience of prenatal diagnosis of Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) with regard to the laboratory testing and fetal features of this syndrome. METHODS This was a retrospective study of eight pregnancies with fetal CSS identified by prenatal or postnatal genetic testing. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and reviewed for these cases, including maternal demographics, prenatal sonographic findings, chromosomal microarray and exome sequencing (ES) results, and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS A total of eight cases of fetal CSS based on molecular testing were detected. Two cases presented with an increased nuchal translucency (NT) in the first trimester. The remaining six were identified at the second trimester scan. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) was the most common sonographic finding, accounting for 5/7 (71.4%) cases in which a second trimester sonogram was performed: four had ACC as an isolated finding, and one had additional features of cerebellar hypoplasia and left congenital diaphragmatic hernia. CONCLUSION CSS should be included in the differential diagnosis when ACC is found by prenatal ultrasound. Both chromosomal microarray and ES should be options when counseling patients with a structurally anomalous fetus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Xia Yu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Yi Jing
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lin
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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3
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Ellegood J, Petkova SP, Kinman A, Qiu LR, Adhikari A, Wade AA, Fernandes D, Lindenmaier Z, Creighton A, Nutter LMJ, Nord AS, Silverman JL, Lerch JP. Neuroanatomy and behavior in mice with a haploinsufficiency of AT-rich interactive domain 1B (ARID1B) throughout development. Mol Autism 2021; 12:25. [PMID: 33757588 PMCID: PMC7986278 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the causal mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is chromatin modification and the genes that regulate chromatin. AT-rich interactive domain 1B (ARID1B), a chromatin modifier, has been linked to autism spectrum disorder and to affect rare and inherited genetic variation in a broad set of NDDs. METHODS A novel preclinical mouse model of Arid1b deficiency was created and validated to characterize and define neuroanatomical, behavioral and transcriptional phenotypes. Neuroanatomy was assessed ex vivo in adult animals and in vivo longitudinally from birth to adulthood. Behavioral testing was also performed throughout development and tested all aspects of motor, learning, sociability, repetitive behaviors, seizure susceptibility, and general milestones delays. RESULTS We validated decreased Arid1b mRNA and protein in Arid1b+/- mice, with signatures of increased axonal and synaptic gene expression, decreased transcriptional regulator and RNA processing expression in adult Arid1b+/- cerebellum. During neonatal development, Arid1b+/- mice exhibited robust impairments in ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) and metrics of developmental growth. In addition, a striking sex effect was observed neuroanatomically throughout development. Behaviorally, as adults, Arid1b+/- mice showed low motor skills in open field exploration and normal three-chambered approach. Arid1b+/- mice had learning and memory deficits in novel object recognition but not in visual discrimination and reversal touchscreen tasks. Social interactions in the male-female social dyad with USVs revealed social deficits on some but not all parameters. No repetitive behaviors were observed. Brains of adult Arid1b+/- mice had a smaller cerebellum and a larger hippocampus and corpus callosum. The corpus callosum increase seen here contrasts previous reports which highlight losses in corpus callosum volume in mice and humans. LIMITATIONS The behavior and neuroimaging analyses were done on separate cohorts of mice, which did not allow a direct correlation between the imaging and behavioral findings, and the transcriptomic analysis was exploratory, with no validation of altered expression beyond Arid1b. CONCLUSIONS This study represents a full validation and investigation of a novel model of Arid1b+/- haploinsufficiency throughout development and highlights the importance of examining both sexes throughout development in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada.
| | - S P Petkova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Kinman
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - L R Qiu
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Adhikari
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - A A Wade
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D Fernandes
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Z Lindenmaier
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Creighton
- The Centre for Phenogenomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L M J Nutter
- The Centre for Phenogenomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A S Nord
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J L Silverman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - J P Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Moffat JJ, Jung EM, Ka M, Smith AL, Jeon BT, Santen GWE, Kim WY. The role of ARID1B, a BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit, in neural development and behavior. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:30-38. [PMID: 30149092 PMCID: PMC6249083 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the chromatin remodeling factor ARID1B leads to autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Several independent research groups, including our own, recently examined the effects of heterozygous deletion of Arid1b in mice and reported severe behavioral abnormalities reminiscent of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability as well as marked changes in gene expression and decreased body size. Arid1b heterozygous mice also display significant cortical excitatory/inhibitory imbalance due to altered GABAergic neuron numbers and impaired inhibitory synaptic transmission. Abnormal epigenetic modifications, including histone acetylation and methylation, are additionally associated with Arid1b haploinsufficiency in the brain. Treating adult Arid1b mutant mice with a positive GABA allosteric modulator, however, rescues multiple behavioral abnormalities, such as cognitive and social impairments, as well as elevated anxiety. While treating Arid1b haploinsufficient mice with recombinant mouse growth hormone successfully increases body size, it has no effect on aberrant behavior. Here we summarize the recent findings regarding the role of ARID1B in brain development and behavior and discuss the utility of the Arid1b heterozygous mouse model in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric research. We also discuss some of the opportunities and potential challenges in developing translational applications for humans and possible avenues for further research into the mechanisms of ARID1B pathology in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Minhan Ka
- Research Center for Substance Abuse Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
| | | | - Byeong Tak Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Gijs W. E. Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
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5
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Stambolliu E, Ioakeim-Ioannidou M, Kontokostas K, Dakoutrou M, Kousoulis AA. The Most Common Comorbidities in Dandy-Walker Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports. J Child Neurol 2017. [PMID: 28635420 DOI: 10.1177/0883073817712589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) is a rare neurologic multi-entity malformation. This review aimed at reporting its main nonneurologic comorbidities. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, search in Medline was conducted (2000-2014, keyword: dandy-walker). Age, sex, country, DWS type, consanguinity or siblings with DWS, and recorded coexistent conditions (by ICD10 category) were extracted for 187 patients (46.5% male, 43% from Asia) from 168 case reports. RESULTS Diagnosis was most often set in <1 year old (40.6%) or >12 years old (27.8%). One-third of cases had a chromosomal abnormality or syndrome (n = 8 PHACE), 27% had a cardiovascular condition (n = 7 Patent Ductus Arteriosus), 24% had a disease of eye and ear (n = 9 cataract); most common malignancy was nephroblastoma (n = 8, all Asian). Almost one-fifth had a mental illness diagnosis; only 6.4% had mild or severe intellectual disability. CONCLUSION The spread of comorbidities calls for early diagnosis and multidisciplinary research and practice, especially as many cases remain clinically asymptomatic for years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelina Stambolliu
- 1 Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece.,2 Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Kalavryta, Kalavryta, Greece
| | | | | | - Maria Dakoutrou
- 1 Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece.,5 First Department of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, University of Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis A Kousoulis
- 1 Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece.,6 Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Celen C, Chuang JC, Luo X, Nijem N, Walker AK, Chen F, Zhang S, Chung AS, Nguyen LH, Nassour I, Budhipramono A, Sun X, Bok LA, McEntagart M, Gevers EF, Birnbaum SG, Eisch AJ, Powell CM, Ge WP, Santen GW, Chahrour M, Zhu H. Arid1b haploinsufficient mice reveal neuropsychiatric phenotypes and reversible causes of growth impairment. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28695822 PMCID: PMC5515576 DOI: 10.7554/elife.25730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing studies have implicated haploinsufficiency of ARID1B, a SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling subunit, in short stature (Yu et al., 2015), autism spectrum disorder (O'Roak et al., 2012), intellectual disability (Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study, 2015), and corpus callosum agenesis (Halgren et al., 2012). In addition, ARID1B is the most common cause of Coffin-Siris syndrome, a developmental delay syndrome characterized by some of the above abnormalities (Santen et al., 2012; Tsurusaki et al., 2012; Wieczorek et al., 2013). We generated Arid1b heterozygous mice, which showed social behavior impairment, altered vocalization, anxiety-like behavior, neuroanatomical abnormalities, and growth impairment. In the brain, Arid1b haploinsufficiency resulted in changes in the expression of SWI/SNF-regulated genes implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. A focus on reversible mechanisms identified Insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) deficiency with inadequate compensation by Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and Growth hormone (GH), underappreciated findings in ARID1B patients. Therapeutically, GH supplementation was able to correct growth retardation and muscle weakness. This model functionally validates the involvement of ARID1B in human disorders, and allows mechanistic dissection of neurodevelopmental diseases linked to chromatin-remodeling. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25730.001 DNA does not just float freely inside our cells. Instead, it is wound around proteins called histones and packaged tidily into a form called chromatin. This packaging allows genes to be switched on or off by making it easier or harder to access different stretches of the genetic code. A group of proteins called the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex are responsible for the packing and unpacking of DNA during development, dictating the fate of thousands of genes. Mutations that affect one component of this complex, a protein known ARID1B, are associated with a rare genetic condition called Coffin-Siris syndrome, and may also have a role to play in autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. However, there were previously no animal models that can be used to study this mutation in the laboratory. Celen, Chuang et al. have now genetically modified mice to remove one of their two copies of the gene that encodes the mouse equivalent of ARID1B. This change replicates the mutation that is most commonly seen in people with Coffin-Siris syndrome. Celen, Chuang et al. report that the mutant mice with just one working copy of the gene showed many features also seen in Coffin-Siris syndrome, including a smaller size and weaker muscles. The mutant mice also repeated certain behaviors, like grooming themselves, and showed unusual interactions with other mice. Further tests showed that the mutant mice had lower than expected levels of growth hormone in their blood. The mice were then treated with growth hormone supplements to find out if this could reverse any of their symptoms. Indeed, this treatment made the mice larger and stronger, but did not change their behavior. Some doctors are already treating people with Coffin-Siris syndrome with growth hormone, and these new findings suggest that this treatment counteracts defects caused directly by the mutation affecting ARID1B. Moreover, this mouse model will allow the role of ARID1B to be investigated further in the laboratory, and could be used as a tool to discover, develop and test new treatments for Coffin-Siris syndrome. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25730.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Celen
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Jen-Chieh Chuang
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Xin Luo
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Nadine Nijem
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Angela K Walker
- Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Fei Chen
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Andrew S Chung
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Liem H Nguyen
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ibrahim Nassour
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Albert Budhipramono
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Xuxu Sun
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Levinus A Bok
- Department of Pediatrics, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Meriel McEntagart
- Medical Genetics, St George's University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom Caroline Brain, Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evelien F Gevers
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shari G Birnbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Amelia J Eisch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Mahoney Institute of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Craig M Powell
- Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Woo-Ping Ge
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Gijs We Santen
- Department of Clinical genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Chahrour
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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Cao M, Wu JI. Camk2a-Cre-mediated conditional deletion of chromatin remodeler Brg1 causes perinatal hydrocephalus. Neurosci Lett 2015; 597:71-6. [PMID: 25929186 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian SWI/SNF-like BAF chromatin remodeling complexes are essential for many aspects of neural development. Mutations in the genes encoding the core subunit Brg1/SmarcA4 or other complex components cause neurodevelopmental diseases and are associated with autism. Congenital hydrocephalus is a serious brain disorder often experienced by these patients. We report a role of Brg1 in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus disorder. We discovered an unexpected early activity of mouse Camk2a-Cre transgene, which mediates Brg1 deletion in a subset of forebrain neurons beginning in the late embryonic stage. Brg1 deletion in these neurons led to severe congenital hydrocephalus with enlargement of the lateral ventricles and attenuation of the cerebral cortex. The Brg1-deficient mice had significantly smaller subcommissural organs and narrower Sylvian aqueducts than mice that express normal levels of Brg1. Effects were non-cell autonomous and may be responsible for the development of the congenital hydrocephalus phenotype. Our study provides evidence indicating that abnormalities in Brg1 function result in defects associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mou Cao
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiang I Wu
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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8
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Shohoud SA, Azab WA, Alsheikh TM, Hegazy RM. Blake's pouch cyst and Werdnig-Hoffmann disease: Report of a new association and review of the literature. Surg Neurol Int 2014; 5:S282-8. [PMID: 25225621 PMCID: PMC4163908 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.139390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We report a case of a neonate with proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1 (also known as Werdnig-Hoffmann disease or severe infantile acute SMA) associated with a Blake's pouch cyst; a malformation that is currently classified within the spectrum of Dandy-Walker complex. The association of the two conditions has not been previously reported in the English literature. A comprehensive review of the pertinent literature is presented. Case Description: A male neonate was noted to have paucity of movement of the four limbs with difficulty of breathing and poor feeding soon after birth. Respiratory distress with tachypnea, necessitated endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Pregnancy was uneventful except for decreased fetal movements reported by the mother during the third trimester. Neurological examination revealed generalized hypotonia with decreased muscle power of all limbs, nonelicitable deep tendon jerks, and occasional tongue fasciculations. Molecular genetic evaluation revealed a homozygous deletion of both exons 7 and 8 of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, and exon 5 of the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene on the long arm of chromosome 5 consistent with Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (SMA type 1). At the age of 5 months, a full anterior fontanelle and abnormal increase of the occipito-frontal circumference were noted. Computed tomographic (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a tetraventricular hydrocephalus and features of Blake's pouch cyst of the fourth ventricle. Conclusions: This case represents a previously unreported association of Blake's pouch cyst and SMA type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien A Shohoud
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Waleed A Azab
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Tarek M Alsheikh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rania M Hegazy
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jahra Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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9
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Schrier SA, Bodurtha JN, Burton B, Chudley AE, Chiong MAD, D'avanzo MG, Lynch SA, Musio A, Nyazov DM, Sanchez-Lara PA, Shalev SA, Deardorff MA. The Coffin-Siris syndrome: a proposed diagnostic approach and assessment of 15 overlapping cases. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:1865-76. [PMID: 22711679 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare, clinically heterogeneous disorder often considered in the setting of cognitive/developmental delay and 5th finger/nail hypoplasia. Due to the clinical variability of facial and other features, this diagnosis is often difficult to confirm clinically and the existence of this disorder as a specific diagnosis has been at times an issue of debate. In an effort to further delineate the spectrum and key phenotypic features, we reviewed 80 previously reported cases to define features in patients that most closely correlated with a convincing diagnosis. There appear to be two subtypes of CSS, one which displays the "classic" coarse facial features previously described; another displays "variant" facial features which are less striking. Using these features, we defined an algorithm to rank the confidence of diagnosis and applied it to 15 additional patients who had been previously characterized by chromosome microarray. This approach will also facilitate uniform categorization for whole-exome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Schrier
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Bender HA, Zaroff CM, Karantzoulis S, Nakhutina L, Macallister WS, Luciano D. Cognitive and Behavioral Functioning in Coffin-Siris Syndrome and Epilepsy: A Case Presentation. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2011; 172:56-66. [DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2010.506604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Coulibaly B, Sigaudy S, Girard N, Popovici C, Missirian C, Heckenroth H, Tasei AM, Fernandez C. Coffin-Siris syndrome with multiple congenital malformations and intrauterine death: towards a better delineation of the severe end of the spectrum. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:318-21. [PMID: 20624500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coffine-Siris syndrome or "fifth digit" syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly-mental retardation syndrome with severe developmental delay, coarse facial features, hirsutism and absent fifth fingernails or toenails or fifth distal phalanges. The etiology of this syndrome remains uncertain. Here we report a stillborn male baby born from consanguineous parents who might represent a very severe form of Coffine-Siris syndrome with cardiac defect and multiple brain malformations including corpus callosum agenesis and Dandy Walker malformation. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case leading to intrauterine death. Karyotype and array comparative genomic hybridization were normal; these results give additional support to mendelian inheritance for this syndrome. In our family, the most likely mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive and the recurrence is probably as high as 25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béma Coulibaly
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique et Neuropathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital la Timone, Marseille, France
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Sasaki-Adams D, Elbabaa SK, Jewells V, Carter L, Campbell JW, Ritter AM. The Dandy-Walker variant: a case series of 24 pediatric patients and evaluation of associated anomalies, incidence of hydrocephalus, and developmental outcomes. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008; 2:194-9. [PMID: 18759601 DOI: 10.3171/ped/2008/2/9/194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The Dandy-Walker complex is a continuum of aberrant development of the posterior fossa that has been associated with multiple congenital anomalies, radiographic abnormalities, and developmental delay. The Dandy-Walker variant (DWV) is a unique entity believed to represent a milder form of the complex, and is characterized by a specific constellation of radiographic findings. In this retrospective case series, the authors report the association of the DWV with other congenital anomalies, the associated radiographic findings linked with DWV, and the developmental outcome in this population. METHODS The charts and radiographs of 10 male and 14 female patients treated between 2000 and 2006 were examined. The patients' mean gestational age was 35.6 weeks (range 23-41 weeks), and the mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (range 1 month-15 years). RESULTS Three patients died. Associated anomalies included cardiac (41.7%), neurological (33.3%), gastrointestinal (20.8%), orthopedic (12.5%), and genitourinary (12.5%) abnormalities. Less common were pulmonary and psychiatric findings. Developmental delay was identified in 11 of the 21 patients for whom follow-up was available. Five of 6 patients with isolated DWV had a normal developmental course. Radiographic findings associated with DWV included corpus callosum dysgenesis in 20.8%, ventricular enlargement in 29%, and vermian rotation in 8.3%. Shunts were placed in 4 of 7 patients with ventriculomegaly. Using the two-tailed Pearson correlation, the authors determined that developmental outcome was solely affected by neurological deficits and that ventricular enlargement predicted the need for shunt placement. CONCLUSIONS The DWV was associated with both extra- and intracranial anomalies. Associated radiographic abnormalities including ventriculomegaly were observed. Hydrocephalus requiring cerebrospinal fluid diversion may be indicated. Isolated DWV was associated with a good developmental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Sasaki-Adams
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of General Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Baban A, Moresco L, Divizia MT, Rossi A, Ravazzolo R, Lerone M, De Toni T. Pituitary hypoplasia and growth hormone deficiency in Coffin-Siris syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:384-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Brunetti-Pierri N, Esposito V, Salerno M. Premature thelarche in Coffin-Siris syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 121A:174-6. [PMID: 12910500 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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