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Armao D, Bouldin TW, Hartman TS, Thorp BD, Jewells V. Pituitary adenoma associated with xanthogranuloma. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:2078-2080. [PMID: 37064081 PMCID: PMC10102808 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthogranuloma (XG) of the sellar region is a non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion characterized histologically by recent and remote hemorrhage, necrotic debris, fibrosis, chronic inflammation, and cholesterol clefts with associated foreign-body giant cells. The inflammatory lesion was recognized by the World Health Organization in 2000. XG of the sellar region is rare. Cases of pituitary adenoma (PA) with an associated XG (PA/XG) are extremely rare, with a total of 16 cases in the literature. PA/XG lacks specific clinical and radiologic signs, making pre-operative diagnosis challenging. Herein, we report a case of PA/XG, describe the radiologic and pathologic findings, and discuss the role of so-called silent or "subclinical pituitary apoplexy" in the possible histogenesis of PA/XGs.
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2
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Olubiyi OI, Zamora C, Jewells V, Hunter SE. Recurrent acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy associated with RAN-binding protein-2 gene mutation in a pediatric patient. BJR Case Rep 2022; 8:20220019. [PMID: 36632547 PMCID: PMC9809908 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A young male child presented with recurrent episodes of seizures and altered mental status following febrile episodes on three separate occasions between his first and third birthdays. Laboratory evaluations identified SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first episode and no infective agents or antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid during all the episodes. Brain imaging with CT and MRI revealed bilaterally symmetric patchy hemorrhagic necrotic foci in the deep brain nuclei and medial temporal lobes, prompting suspicion for an underlying predisposition to recurrent acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy. Gene analysis confirmed a mutation in the RAN-binding protein-2 (RANBP2) gene. The patient made good recovery following treatment with IVIG, steroids and plasmapheresis, and follow-up brain imaging showed no progression of brain lesions. Early suspicion from characteristic imaging features in appropriate clinical settings will inform timely appropriate treatment and better outcome. We therefore provided short review of imaging features of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olutayo Ibukunolu Olubiyi
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carlos Zamora
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Senyene E. Hunter
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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3
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Montes M, Zhang X, Berthelot L, Laplaud DA, Brouard S, Jin J, Rogan S, Armao D, Jewells V, Soulillou JP, Markovic-Plese S. Corrigendum to “Oligoclonal myelin-reactive T-cell infiltrates derived from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) lesions are enriched in Th17 cells” [Clinical Immunology 130 (2009) 133–144]. Clin Immunol 2022; 237:108967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Sun Y, Gao K, Wu Z, Li G, Zong X, Lei Z, Wei Y, Ma J, Yang X, Feng X, Zhao L, Le Phan T, Shin J, Zhong T, Zhang Y, Yu L, Li C, Basnet R, Ahmad MO, Swamy MNS, Ma W, Dou Q, Bui TD, Noguera CB, Landman B, Gotlib IH, Humphreys KL, Shultz S, Li L, Niu S, Lin W, Jewells V, Shen D, Li G, Wang L. Multi-Site Infant Brain Segmentation Algorithms: The iSeg-2019 Challenge. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2021; 40:1363-1376. [PMID: 33507867 PMCID: PMC8246057 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2021.3055428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To better understand early brain development in health and disorder, it is critical to accurately segment infant brain magnetic resonance (MR) images into white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Deep learning-based methods have achieved state-of-the-art performance; h owever, one of the major limitations is that the learning-based methods may suffer from the multi-site issue, that is, the models trained on a dataset from one site may not be applicable to the datasets acquired from other sites with different imaging protocols/scanners. To promote methodological development in the community, the iSeg-2019 challenge (http://iseg2019.web.unc.edu) provides a set of 6-month infant subjects from multiple sites with different protocols/scanners for the participating methods. T raining/validation subjects are from UNC (MAP) and testing subjects are from UNC/UMN (BCP), Stanford University, and Emory University. By the time of writing, there are 30 automatic segmentation methods participated in the iSeg-2019. In this article, 8 top-ranked methods were reviewed by detailing their pipelines/implementations, presenting experimental results, and evaluating performance across different sites in terms of whole brain, regions of interest, and gyral landmark curves. We further pointed out their limitations and possible directions for addressing the multi-site issue. We find that multi-site consistency is still an open issue. We hope that the multi-site dataset in the iSeg-2019 and this review article will attract more researchers to address the challenging and critical multi-site issue in practice.
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Ninan S, Thompson P, Gershon T, Ford N, Mills W, Jewells V, Thorne L, Saunders K, Bouldin T, Smedberg JR, Miller MB, Wu E, Tilly A, Sites J, Lercher D, Clement K, Walker T, Shea P, Joyner B, Smith R. Fatal Pediatric COVID-19 Case With Seizures and Fulminant Cerebral Edema. Child Neurol Open 2021; 8:2329048X211022532. [PMID: 34179214 PMCID: PMC8207268 DOI: 10.1177/2329048x211022532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, can present with a wide range of neurological manifestations, in both adult and pediatric populations. We describe here the case of a previously healthy 8-year-old girl who presented with seizures, encephalopathy, and rapidly progressive, diffuse, and ultimately fatal cerebral edema in the setting of acute COVID-19 infection. CSF analysis, microbiological testing, and neuropathology yielded no evidence of infection or acute inflammation within the central nervous system. Acute fulminant cerebral edema (AFCE) is an often fatal pediatric clinical entity consisting of fever, encephalopathy, and new-onset seizures followed by rapid, diffuse, and medically-refractory cerebral edema. AFCE occurs as a rare complication of a variety of common pediatric infections and a CNS pathogen is identified in only a minority of cases, suggesting a para-infectious mechanism of edema. This report suggests that COVID-19 infection can precipitate AFCE, and highlights the need for high suspicion and early recognition thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Ninan
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peyton Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Timothy Gershon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Natalie Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William Mills
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leigh Thorne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine Saunders
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Bouldin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason R. Smedberg
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, McLendon Clinical Laboratories, UNC Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Melissa B. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, McLendon Clinical Laboratories, UNC Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Eveline Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alyssa Tilly
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Palliative Care Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy Sites
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Lercher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine Clement
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tracie Walker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paul Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Benny Joyner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kim M, Jewells V. Multimodal Image Analysis for Assessing Multiple Sclerosis and Future Prospects Powered by Artificial Intelligence. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2020; 41:309-318. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Rich JD, Clark SM, Fedoriw Y, Jewells V, Wood W, Dittus C. Complete remission with ibrutinib after allogeneic stem cell transplant for central nervous system relapse of mantle cell lymphoma: A case report and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2019; 7:1957-1961. [PMID: 31624617 PMCID: PMC6787781 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS)-relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma without a standard treatment. Ibrutinib has shown promising results for inducing remission in other non-Hodgkin lymphomas and may be considered as successful treatment for CNS-relapsed MCL in the future as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Rich
- University of Tennessee Health and Science CenterMemphisTennessee
| | - Stephen M. Clark
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | - Yuri Fedoriw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Division of NeuroradiologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | - William Wood
- Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina
| | - Christopher Dittus
- Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina
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8
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Oldan JD, Shin HW, Khandani AH, Zamora C, Benefield T, Jewells V. Subsequent experience in hybrid PET-MRI for evaluation of refractory focal onset epilepsy. Seizure 2018; 61:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hippocampal subfields play important and divergent roles in both memory formation and early diagnosis of many neurological diseases, but automatic subfield segmentation is less explored due to its small size and poor image contrast. In this paper, we propose an automatic learning-based hippocampal subfields segmentation framework using multi-modality 3TMR images, including T1 MRI and resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI). To do this, we first acquire both 3T and 7T T1 MRIs for each training subject, and then the 7T T1 MRI are linearly registered onto the 3T T1 MRI. Six hippocampal subfields are manually labeled on the aligned 7T T1 MRI, which has the 7T image contrast but sits in the 3T T1 space. Next, corresponding appearance and relationship features from both 3T T1 MRI and rs-fMRI are extracted to train a structured random forest as a multi-label classifier to conduct the segmentation. Finally, the subfield segmentation is further refined iteratively by additional context features and updated relationship features. To our knowledge, this is the first work that addresses the challenging automatic hippocampal subfields segmentation using 3T routine T1 MRI and rs-fMRI. The quantitative comparison between our results and manual ground truth demonstrates the effectiveness of our method. Besides, we also find that (a) multi-modality features significantly improved subfield segmentation performance due to the complementary information among modalities; (b) automatic segmentation results using 3T multimodality images are partially comparable to those on 7T T1 MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwang Wu
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yaozong Gao
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, UNC at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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10
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Jewells V, Galaz-Montoya C, van Zundert B, Pérez-Calatayud A, Ascencio-Ferrel E, Valencia-Salazar G, Sandoval-Cano M, Carlos E, Solorio E, Acuña-Ayala H, Torres-Jardón R, D'Angiulli A. Interactive and additive influences of Gender, BMI and Apolipoprotein 4 on cognition in children chronically exposed to high concentrations of PM2.5 and ozone. APOE 4 females are at highest risk in Mexico City. Environ Res 2016; 150:411-422. [PMID: 27376929 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Children's air pollution exposures are associated with systemic and brain inflammation and the early hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4 allele is the most prevalent genetic risk for AD, with higher risk for women. We assessed whether gender, BMI, APOE and metabolic variables in healthy children with high exposures to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) influence cognition. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) was administered to 105 Mexico City children (12.32±5.4 years, 69 APOE 3/3 and 36 APOE 3/4). APOE 4v 3 children showed decrements on attention and short-term memory subscales, and below-average scores in Verbal, Performance and Full Scale IQ. APOE 4 females had higher BMI and females with normal BMI between 75-94% percentiles had the highest deficits in Total IQ, Performance IQ, Digit Span, Picture Arrangement, Block Design and Object Assembly. Fasting glucose was significantly higher in APOE 4 children p=0.006, while Gender was the main variable accounting for the difference in insulin, HOMA-IR and leptin (p<.05). Gender, BMI and APOE influence children's cognitive responses to air pollution and glucose is likely a key player. APOE 4 heterozygous females with >75% to <94% BMI percentiles are at the highest risk of severe cognitive deficits (1.5-2SD from average IQ). Young female results highlight the urgent need for gender-targeted health programmes to improve cognitive responses. Multidisciplinary intervention strategies could provide paths for prevention or amelioration of female air pollution targeted cognitive deficits and possible long-term AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valerie Jewells
- University of North Carolina, Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Brigitte van Zundert
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amedeo D'Angiulli
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Mora-Tiscareño A, Melo-Sánchez G, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Torres-Jardón R, Styner M, Mukherjee PS, Lin W, Jewells V. A Critical Proton MR Spectroscopy Marker of Alzheimer's Disease Early Neurodegenerative Change: Low Hippocampal NAA/Cr Ratio Impacts APOE ɛ4 Mexico City Children and Their Parents. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 48:1065-75. [PMID: 26402110 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Severe air pollution exposures produce systemic, respiratory, myocardial, and brain inflammation and Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks in clinically healthy children. We tested whether hippocampal metabolite ratios are associated with contrasting levels of air pollution, APOE, and body mass index (BMI) in paired healthy children and one parent sharing the same APOE alleles. We used 1H-MRS to interrogate bilateral hippocampal single-voxel in 57 children (12.45 ± 3.4 years) and their 48 parents (37.5 ± 6.78 years) from a low pollution city versus Mexico City (MC). NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr metabolite ratios were analyzed. The right hippocampus NAA/Cr ratio was significantly different between cohorts (p = 0.007). The NAA/Cr ratio in right hippocampus in controls versus APOE ɛ4 MC children and in left hippocampus in MC APOE ɛ4 parents versus their children was significantly different after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI (p = 0.027 and 0.01, respectively). The NAA/Cr ratio is considered reflective of neuronal density/functional integrity/loss of synapses/higher pTau burden, thus a significant decrease in hippocampal NAA/Cr ratios may constitute a spectral marker of early neurodegeneration in young urbanites. Decreases in NAA/Cr correlate well with cognitive function, behavioral symptoms, and dementia severity; thus, since the progression of AD starts decades before clinical diagnosis, our findings support the hypothesis that under chronic exposures to fine particulate matter and ozone above the standards, neurodegenerative processes start in childhood and APOE ɛ4 carriers are at higher risk. Gene and environmental factors are critical in the development of AD and the identification and neuroprotection of young urbanites at high risk must become a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas
- The Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.,Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Saltillo, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | | | - Gastón Melo-Sánchez
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Campus Saltillo, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | | | - Ricardo Torres-Jardón
- Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martin Styner
- Department of Psychiatry and Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Weili Lin
- Neuroradiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Neuroradiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Guo Y, Wu G, Yap PT, Jewells V, Lin W, Shen D. Segmentation of Infant Hippocampus Using Common Feature Representations Learned for Multimodal Longitudinal Data. Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv 2015; 9351:63-71. [PMID: 27019875 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24574-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant development of the human brain during the first year after birth is known to cause critical implications in later stages of life. In particular, neuropsychiatric disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been linked with abnormal early development of the hippocampus. Despite its known importance, studying the hippocampus in infant subjects is very challenging due to the significantly smaller brain size, dynamically varying image contrast, and large across-subject variation. In this paper, we present a novel method for effective hippocampus segmentation by using a multi-atlas approach that integrates the complementary multimodal information from longitudinal T1 and T2 MR images. In particular, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of the longitudinal data, we propose to learn their common feature representations by using hierarchical multi-set kernel canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Specifically, we will learn (1) within-time-point common features by projecting different modality features of each time point to its own modality-free common space, and (2) across-time-point common features by mapping all time-point-specific common features to a global common space for all time points. These final features are then employed in patch matching across different modalities and time points for hippocampus segmentation, via label propagation and fusion. Experimental results demonstrate the improved performance of our method over the state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Guo
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Guorong Wu
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pew-Thian Yap
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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13
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Tong F, Jewells V, Trembath DG, Hadar E, Shin HW. Triple pathological findings in a surgically amenable patient with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav Case Rep 2015; 4:52-5. [PMID: 26288757 PMCID: PMC4536300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebcr.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is a well-recognized cause of intractable epilepsy; however, coexistence with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is less common. Middle fossa epidermoid cysts are rare and may involve the temporal lobe. Most epidermoids are clinically silent, slow-growing, and seldom associated with overt symptomatology, including seizures. We describe a patient with multiple comorbidities including left MTS and a large epidermoid cyst involving the left quadrigeminal plate cistern compressing upon the cerebellar vermis and tail of the left hippocampus, resulting in refractory left temporal lobe epilepsy. The patient underwent left anterior temporal lobectomy. The surgical pathology demonstrated a third pathological finding of left temporal FCD type Ia. The patient has been seizure-free since the surgery. This case provides additional information with regard to the understanding of epileptogenicity and surgical planning in patients with MTS and epidermoid cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumin Tong
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Tel.: + 1 919 966 8162.
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dimitri G. Trembath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eldad Hadar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hae Won Shin
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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14
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Shin HW, Jewells V, Sheikh A, Zhang J, Zhu H, An H, Gao W, Shen D, Hadar E, Lin W. Initial experience in hybrid PET-MRI for evaluation of refractory focal onset epilepsy. Seizure 2015; 31:1-4. [PMID: 26362368 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to evaluate the utility/improved accuracy of hybrid PET/MR compared to current practice separate 3T MRI and PET-CT imaging for localization of seizure foci. METHOD In a pilot study, twenty-nine patients undergoing epilepsy surgery evaluation were imaged using PET/MR. This subject group had 29 previous clinical 3T MRI as well as 12 PET-CT studies. Prior clinical PET and MR images were read sequentially while the hybrid PET/MR was concurrently read. RESULTS The median interval between hybrid PET/MR and prior imaging studies was 5 months (range 1-77 months). In 24 patients, there was no change in the read between the clinical exams and hybrid PET/MR while new anatomical or functional lesions were identified by hybrid PET/MR in 5 patients without significant clinical change. Four new anatomical MR lesions were seen with concordant PET findings. The remaining patient revealed a new abnormal PET lesion without an MR abnormality. All new PET/MR lesions were clinically significant with concordant EEG and/or SPECT results as potential epileptic foci. CONCLUSION Our initial hybrid PET-MRI experience increased diagnostic yields for detection of potential epileptic lesions. This may be due to the unique advantage of improved co-registration and simultaneous review of both structural and functional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae W Shin
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Arif Sheikh
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Hongyu An
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Eldad Hadar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Formeister EJ, Campbell AP, Choudhury B, Huang B, Jewells V, Adunka OF. The Relationship Between Cochleovestibular Orientation, Age, and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Implications for Cochlear Implantation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2015; 124:681-90. [PMID: 25766964 DOI: 10.1177/0003489415577132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if spatial orientation of the cochlea within the temporal bone is related to age or sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and describe the implications for cochlear implantation. METHODS Five angles of cochlear orientation were determined from computed tomography (CT) imaging of the temporal bones in adults with (n = 55) and without (n = 27) sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and children with (n = 45) and without (n = 12) SNHL: facial recess versus basal turn, posterior semicircular canal versus basal turn, round window versus basal turn (axial view), round window versus basal turn (coronal view), and the cochlear axis versus the mastoid facial nerve. RESULTS All angles showed substantial variation between subjects and between ears. The angles between the round window and basal turn (coronal view) and the posterior semicircular canal and basal turn were significantly correlated with age for all subjects with SNHL (r = 0.22, P = .002 and r = 0.15, P = .03, respectively). Patients with SNHL had significantly more acute angles (46.6° vs 55.8°) between the round window versus basal turn (axial orientation) compared to controls (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Cochlear orientation within the temporal bone changes with age and the degree of SNHL. These results suggest that the approach to the round window for electrode insertion might differ between children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Formeister
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adam P Campbell
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA
| | - Baishakhi Choudhury
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Oliver F Adunka
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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16
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Delman D, Peng X, Zedek DC, Jewells V, Chahin N, Markovic-Plese S. Dermatomyositis as a presentation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 278:108-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Bompard L, Xu S, Styner M, Paniagua B, Ahn M, Yuan Y, Jewells V, Gao W, Shen D, Zhu H, Lin W. Multivariate longitudinal shape analysis of human lateral ventricles during the first twenty-four months of life. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108306. [PMID: 25265017 PMCID: PMC4180454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the temporospatial shape characteristics of human lateral ventricles (LVs) during the first two years of life. This study aimed to delineate the morphological growth characteristics of LVs during early infancy using longitudinally acquired MR images in normal healthy infants. METHODS 24 healthy infants were MR imaged starting from 2 weeks old every 3 months during the first and every 6 months during the second year. Bilateral LVs were segmented and longitudinal morphological and shape analysis were conducted using longitudinal mixed effect models. RESULTS A significant bilateral ventricular volume increase (p<0.0001) is observed in year one (Left: 126±51% and Right: 145±62%), followed by a significant reduction (p<0.02) during the second year of life (Left: -24±27% and Right: -20±18%) despite the continuing increase of intracranial volume. Morphological analysis reveals that the ventricular growth is spatially non-uniform, and that the most significant growth occurs during the first 6 months. The first 3 months of life exhibit a significant (p<0.01) bilateral lengthening of the anterior lateral ventricle and a significant increase of radius (p<0.01) and area (p<0.01) at the posterior portion of the ventricle. Shape analysis shows that the horns exhibit a faster growth rate than the mid-body. Finally, bilateral significant age effects (p<0.01) are observed for the growth of LVs whereas gender effects are more subtle and significant effects (p<0.01) only present at the left anterior and posterior horns. More importantly, both the age and gender effects are growth directionally dependent. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the temporospatial shape growth characteristics of human LVs during the first two years of life using a unique longitudinal MR data set. A temporally and spatially non-uniform growth pattern was reported. These normative results could provide invaluable information to discern abnormal growth patterns in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Bompard
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Martin Styner
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Beatriz Paniagua
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mihye Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wei Gao
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Weili Lin
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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18
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Tao Y, Zhang X, Chopra M, Kim MJ, Buch KR, Kong D, Jin J, Tang Y, Zhu H, Jewells V, Markovic-Plese S. The role of endogenous IFN-β in the regulation of Th17 responses in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 2014; 192:5610-7. [PMID: 24850724 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
IFN-β has been used as a first-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Because only a few studies have addressed the role of endogenous IFN-β in the pathogenesis of the disease, our objective was to characterize its role in the transcriptional regulation of pathogenic Th17 cytokines in patients with RRMS. In vitro studies have demonstrated that IFN-β inhibits IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, and IFN-γ secretion in CD4(+) lymphocytes through the induction of suppressor of cytokine secretion 1 and suppressor of cytokine secretion 3. We found that patients with RRMS have increased serum and cerebrospinal fluid Th17 (IL-17A and IL-17F) cytokine levels in comparison with the control subjects, suggesting that deficient endogenous IFN-β secretion or signaling can contribute to the dysregulation of those pathogenic cytokines in CD4(+) cells. We identified that the endogenous IFN-β from serum of RRMS patients induced a significantly lower IFN-inducible gene expression in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, in vitro studies have revealed deficient endogenous and exogenous IFN-β signaling in the CD4(+) cells derived from patients with MS. Interestingly, upon inhibition of the endogenous IFN-β signaling by silencing IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 7 gene expression, the resting CD4(+) T cells secreted significantly higher level of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-9, suggesting that endogenous IFN-β suppresses the secretion of these pathogenic cytokines. In vivo recombinant IFN-β-1a treatment induced IFNAR1 and its downstream signaling molecules' gene expression, suggesting that treatment reconstitutes a deficient endogenous IFN-β regulation of the CD4(+) T cells' pathogenic cytokine production in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhong Tao
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Manisha Chopra
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Ming-Jeong Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Kinnari R Buch
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Dehan Kong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jianping Jin
- Center for Bioinformatics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yunan Tang
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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19
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Guo Y, Wu G, Commander LA, Szary S, Jewells V, Lin W, Shent D. Segmenting hippocampus from infant brains by sparse patch matching with deep-learned features. Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv 2014; 17:308-15. [PMID: 25485393 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10470-6_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Accurate segmentation of the hippocampus from infant MR brain images is a critical step for investigating early brain development. Unfortunately, the previous tools developed for adult hippocampus segmentation are not suitable for infant brain images acquired from the first year of life, which often have poor tissue contrast and variable structural patterns of early hippocampal development. From our point of view, the main problem is lack of discriminative and robust feature representations for distinguishing the hippocampus from the surrounding brain structures. Thus, instead of directly using the predefined features as popularly used in the conventional methods, we propose to learn the latent feature representations of infant MR brain images by unsupervised deep learning. Since deep learning paradigms can learn low-level features and then successfully build up more comprehensive high-level features in a layer-by-layer manner, such hierarchical feature representations can be more competitive for distinguishing the hippocampus from entire brain images. To this end, we apply Stacked Auto Encoder (SAE) to learn the deep feature representations from both T1- and T2-weighed MR images combining their complementary information, which is important for characterizing different development stages of infant brains after birth. Then, we present a sparse patch matching method for transferring hippocampus labels from multiple atlases to the new infant brain image, by using deep-learned feature representations to measure the interpatch similarity. Experimental results on 2-week-old to 9-month-old infant brain images show the effectiveness of the proposed method, especially compared to the state-of-the-art counterpart methods.
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20
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Edwards A, Clay ELJ, Jewells V, Adams S, Crawford RD, Redding-Lallinger R. A 19-year-old man with sickle cell disease presenting with spinal infarction: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2013; 7:210. [PMID: 23972124 PMCID: PMC3766176 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-7-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vasculopathy of the large vessels commonly occurs in sickle cell disease, and as a result cerebral infarction is a well characterized complication of this condition. However, spinal infarction appears to be rare. Spinal infarct is infrequent in the non-sickle cell population as well, and accounts for only about 1 percent of all central nervous system infarcts. CASE PRESENTATION In the present work, we report the case of a 19-year-old African-American man with sickle cell disease who experienced an anterior spinal infarct and subsequent quadriplegia. He was incidentally noted to be a heterozygote for factor V Leiden. We also reviewed the literature and found two previous cases of spinal cord infarction and sickle hemoglobin. Our literature search did not demonstrate that heterozygocity for factor V Leiden plays an important role in spinal cord infarction. CONCLUSIONS The paucity of cases associated with sickle hemoglobin does not allow us to postulate any particular risk factors with sickle cell disease that might predispose patients to spinal cord infarction. Our patient's case raises the question as to whether spinal cord infarction is being missed in individuals with sickle cell disease and neurologic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Edwards
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - E Leila Jerome Clay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 170 Manning Drive 1185A, Physician Office Building CB#7236, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7236, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, BH 2015, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 100 Manning Drive, Radiology CB#7510, Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7510, USA
| | - Stacie Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University, GRMEP 1000 Monroe Avenue, NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Regina D Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Duke University Medical Center, 2212 Elba Street DUMC Box 3939, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Rupa Redding-Lallinger
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 170 Manning Drive 1185A, Physician Office Building CB#7236, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7236, USA
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21
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Mora-Tiscareño A, Franco-Lira M, Cross JV, Engle R, Aragón-Flores M, Gómez-Garza G, Jewells V, Medina-Cortina H, Solorio E, Chao CK, Zhu H, Mukherjee PS, Ferreira-Azevedo L, Torres-Jardón R, D'Angiulli A. Flavonol-rich dark cocoa significantly decreases plasma endothelin-1 and improves cognition in urban children. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:104. [PMID: 23986703 PMCID: PMC3749371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution exposures are linked to systemic inflammation, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality, neuroinflammation and neuropathology in young urbanites. In particular, most Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) children exhibit subtle cognitive deficits, and neuropathology studies show 40% of them exhibiting frontal tau hyperphosphorylation and 51% amyloid-β diffuse plaques (compared to 0% in low pollution control children). We assessed whether a short cocoa intervention can be effective in decreasing plasma endothelin 1 (ET-1) and/or inflammatory mediators in MCMA children. Thirty gram of dark cocoa with 680 mg of total flavonols were given daily for 10.11 ± 3.4 days (range 9–24 days) to 18 children (10.55 years, SD = 1.45; 11F/7M). Key metabolite ratios in frontal white matter and in hippocampus pre and during cocoa intervention were quantified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ET-1 significantly decreased after cocoa treatment (p = 0.0002). Fifteen children (83%) showed a marginally significant individual improvement in one or both of the applied simple short memory tasks. Endothelial dysfunction is a key feature of exposure to particulate matter (PM) and decreased endothelin-1 bioavailability is likely useful for brain function in the context of air pollution. Our findings suggest that cocoa interventions may be critical for early implementation of neuroprotection of highly exposed urban children. Multi-domain nutraceutical interventions could limit the risk for endothelial dysfunction, cerebral hypoperfusion, neuroinflammation, cognitive deficits, structural volumetric detrimental brain effects, and the early development of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas
- Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, The University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ; Hospital Central Militar, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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Alford RE, Fried DV, Huang BY, Weissler M, Shores C, Shockley W, Hackman T, Zanation A, Hayes N, Weiss J, Grilley-Olson J, Jewells V, Birchard K, Chera BS. Clinical significance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2013; 36:334-9. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael E. Alford
- Department of Radiology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - David V. Fried
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Benjamin Y. Huang
- Department of Radiology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Mark Weissler
- Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Carol Shores
- Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - William Shockley
- Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Trevor Hackman
- Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Adam Zanation
- Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Neil Hayes
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Jared Weiss
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Juneko Grilley-Olson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Valerie Jewells
- Department of Radiology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Katherine Birchard
- Department of Radiology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Bhishamjit S. Chera
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of North Carolina Hospitals; Chapel Hill North Carolina
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23
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Li Y, Jewells V, Kim M, Chen Y, Moon A, Armao D, Troiani L, Markovic-Plese S, Lin W, Shen D. Diffusion tensor imaging based network analysis detects alterations of neuroconnectivity in patients with clinically early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Hum Brain Mapp 2012; 34:3376-91. [PMID: 22987661 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is inarguable that conventional MRI (cMRI) has greatly contributed to the diagnosis and assessment of multiple sclerosis (MS), cMRI does not show close correlation with clinical findings or pathologic features, and is unable to predict prognosis or stratify disease severity. To this end, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with tractography and neuroconnectivity analysis may assist disease assessment in MS. We, therefore, attempted this pilot study for initial assessment of early relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Neuroconnectivity analysis was used for evaluation of 24 early RRMS patients within 2 years of presentation, and compared to the network measures of a group of 30 age-and-gender-matched normal control subjects. To account for the situation that the connections between two adjacent regions may be disrupted by an MS lesion, a new metric, network communicability, was adopted to measure both direct and indirect connections. For each anatomical area, the brain network communicability and average path length were computed and compared to characterize the network changes in efficiencies. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) loss of communicability was revealed in our RRMS cohort, particularly in the frontal and hippocampal/parahippocampal regions as well as the motor strip and occipital lobes. Correlation with the 25-foot Walk test with communicability measures in the left superior frontal (r = -0.71) as well as the left superior temporal gyrus (r = -0.43) and left postcentral gyrus (r = -0.41) were identified. Additionally identified were increased communicability between the deep gray matter structures (left thalamus and putamen) with the major interhemispheric and intrahemispheric white matter tracts, the corpus callosum, and cingulum, respectively. These foci of increased communicability are thought to represent compensatory changes. The proposed DTI-based neuroconnectivity analysis demonstrated quantifiable, structurally relevant alterations of fiber tract connections in early RRMS and paves the way for longitudinal studies in larger patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC), Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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24
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Engle R, Mora-Tiscareño A, Styner M, Gómez-Garza G, Zhu H, Jewells V, Torres-Jardón R, Romero L, Monroy-Acosta ME, Bryant C, González-González LO, Medina-Cortina H, D'Angiulli A. Exposure to severe urban air pollution influences cognitive outcomes, brain volume and systemic inflammation in clinically healthy children. Brain Cogn 2011; 77:345-55. [PMID: 22032805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to severe air pollution produces neuroinflammation and structural brain alterations in children. We tested whether patterns of brain growth, cognitive deficits and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with exposures to severe air pollution. Baseline and 1 year follow-up measurements of global and regional brain MRI volumes, cognitive abilities (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, WISC-R), and serum inflammatory mediators were collected in 20 Mexico City (MC) children (10 with white matter hyperintensities, WMH(+), and 10 without, WMH(-)) and 10 matched controls (CTL) from a low polluted city. There were significant differences in white matter volumes between CTL and MC children - both WMH(+) and WMH(-) - in right parietal and bilateral temporal areas. Both WMH(-) and WMH(+) MC children showed progressive deficits, compared to CTL children, on the WISC-R Vocabulary and Digit Span subtests. The cognitive deficits in highly exposed children match the localization of the volumetric differences detected over the 1 year follow-up, since the deficits observed are consistent with impairment of parietal and temporal lobe functions. Regardless of the presence of prefrontal WMH, Mexico City children performed more poorly across a variety of cognitive tests, compared to CTL children, thus WMH(+) is likely only partially identifying underlying white matter pathology. Together these findings reveal that exposure to air pollution may perturb the trajectory of cerebral development and result in cognitive deficits during childhood.
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25
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Chen Y, An H, Zhu H, Jewells V, Armao D, Shen D, Gilmore JH, Lin W. Longitudinal regression analysis of spatial-temporal growth patterns of geometrical diffusion measures in early postnatal brain development with diffusion tensor imaging. Neuroimage 2011; 58:993-1005. [PMID: 21784163 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has provided substantial insights into early brain development, most DTI studies based on fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) may not capitalize on the information derived from the three principal diffusivities (e.g. eigenvalues). In this study, we explored the spatial and temporal evolution of white matter structures during early brain development using two geometrical diffusion measures, namely, linear (Cl) and planar (Cp) diffusion anisotropies, from 71 longitudinal datasets acquired from 29 healthy, full-term pediatric subjects. The growth trajectories were estimated with generalized estimating equations (GEE) using linear fitting with logarithm of age (days). The presence of the white matter structures in Cl and Cp was observed in neonates, suggesting that both the cylindrical and fanning or crossing structures in various white matter regions may already have been formed at birth. Moreover, we found that both Cl and Cp evolved in a temporally nonlinear and spatially inhomogeneous manner. The growth velocities of Cl in central white matter were significantly higher when compared to peripheral, or more laterally located, white matter: central growth velocity Cl=0.0465±0.0273/log(days), versus peripheral growth velocity Cl=0.0198±0.0127/log(days), p<10⁻⁶. In contrast, the growth velocities of Cp in central white matter were significantly lower than that in peripheral white matter: central growth velocity Cp=0.0014±0.0058/log(days), versus peripheral growth velocity Cp=0.0289±0.0101/log(days), p<10⁻⁶. Depending on the underlying white matter site which is analyzed, our findings suggest that ongoing physiologic and microstructural changes in the developing brain may exert different effects on the temporal evolution of these two geometrical diffusion measures. Thus, future studies utilizing DTI with correlative histological analysis in the study of early brain development are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasheng Chen
- Dept. of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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26
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Brown KJ, Jewells V, Herfarth H, Castillo M. White matter lesions suggestive of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis attributed to celiac disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 31:880-1. [PMID: 19910450 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CD is an autoimmune-mediated disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Initial symptom presentation is variable and can include neurologic manifestations that may comprise ataxia, neuropathy, dizziness, epilepsy, and cortical calcifications rather than gastrointestinal-hindering diagnosis and management. We present a case of a young man with progressive neurologic symptoms and brain MR imaging findings worrisome for ALS. During the diagnostic work-up, endomysium antibodies were discovered, and CD was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with duodenal biopsies. MR imaging findings suggestive of ALS improved after gluten-free diet institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Brown
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7510, USA.
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Markovic-Plese S, Jewells V, Speer D, Birnbaum G, Cree B, Altafullah I, Reder A. COMBINING BETA INTERFERON AND ATORVASTATIN MAY INCREASE DISEASE ACTIVITY IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. Neurology 2009; 72:1965; author reply 1965-6. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000349667.27301.c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Gao W, Lin W, Chen Y, Gerig G, Smith JK, Jewells V, Gilmore JH. Temporal and spatial development of axonal maturation and myelination of white matter in the developing brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 30:290-6. [PMID: 19001533 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely used to investigate the development of white matter (WM). However, information about this development in healthy children younger than 2 years of age is lacking, and most previous studies have only measured fractional anisotropy (FA). This study used FA and radial and axonal diffusivities in children younger than 2 years of age, aiming to determine the temporal and spatial development of axonal maturation and myelination of WM in healthy children. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 healthy pediatric subjects were imaged by using a 3T MR imaging scanner. They were divided into 3 groups: 20 at 3 weeks, 20 at 1 year of age, and 20 at 2 years of age. All subjects were imaged asleep without sedation. FA and axial and radial diffusivities were obtained. Eight regions of interest were defined, including both central and peripheral WM for measuring diffusion parameters. RESULTS A significant elevation in FA (P < .0001) and a reduction in axial and radial diffusivities (P < .0001) were observed from 22 days to 1 year of age, whereas only radial diffusivity showed significant changes (P = .0014) from 1 to 2 years of age. The region-of-interest analysis revealed that FA alone may not depict the underlying biologic underpinnings of WM development, whereas directional diffusivities provide more insights into the development of WM. Finally, the spatial development of WM begins from the central to the peripheral WM and from the occipital to the frontal lobes. CONCLUSIONS With both FA and directional diffusivities, our results demonstrate the temporal and spatial development of WM in healthy children younger than 2 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Montes M, Zhang X, Berthelot L, Laplaud DA, Brouard S, Jin J, Rogan S, Armao D, Jewells V, Soulillou JP, Markovic-Plese S. Oligoclonal myelin-reactive T-cell infiltrates derived from multiple sclerosis lesions are enriched in Th17 cells. Clin Immunol 2008; 130:133-44. [PMID: 18977698 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, acute and chronic brain and spinal cord lesions, and normal appearing white matter (NAWM), were resected post-mortem from a patient with aggressive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). T-cell infiltrates from the central nervous system (CNS) lesions and NAWM were separated and characterized in-vitro. All infiltrates showed a proliferative response against multiple myelin peptides. Studies of the T-cell receptor (TCR)Vbeta and Jbeta usage revealed a very skewed repertoire with shared complementarity-determining region (CDR)3 lengths detected in all CNS lesions and NAWM. In the acute lesion, genomic profiling of the infiltrating T-cells revealed up-regulated expression of TCRalpha and beta chain, retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear hormone receptor C (RORC) transcription factor, and multiple cytokine genes that mediate Th17 cell expansion. The differentially expressed genes involved in regulation of Th17 cells represent promising targets for new therapies of relapsing-remitting MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Montes
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Sasaki-Adams D, Elbabaa SK, Jewells V, Carter L, Campbell JW, Ritter AM. The Dandy-Walker variant: a case series of 24 pediatric patients and evaluation of associated anomalies, incidence of hydrocephalus, and developmental outcomes. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008; 2:194-9. [PMID: 18759601 DOI: 10.3171/ped/2008/2/9/194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The Dandy-Walker complex is a continuum of aberrant development of the posterior fossa that has been associated with multiple congenital anomalies, radiographic abnormalities, and developmental delay. The Dandy-Walker variant (DWV) is a unique entity believed to represent a milder form of the complex, and is characterized by a specific constellation of radiographic findings. In this retrospective case series, the authors report the association of the DWV with other congenital anomalies, the associated radiographic findings linked with DWV, and the developmental outcome in this population. METHODS The charts and radiographs of 10 male and 14 female patients treated between 2000 and 2006 were examined. The patients' mean gestational age was 35.6 weeks (range 23-41 weeks), and the mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (range 1 month-15 years). RESULTS Three patients died. Associated anomalies included cardiac (41.7%), neurological (33.3%), gastrointestinal (20.8%), orthopedic (12.5%), and genitourinary (12.5%) abnormalities. Less common were pulmonary and psychiatric findings. Developmental delay was identified in 11 of the 21 patients for whom follow-up was available. Five of 6 patients with isolated DWV had a normal developmental course. Radiographic findings associated with DWV included corpus callosum dysgenesis in 20.8%, ventricular enlargement in 29%, and vermian rotation in 8.3%. Shunts were placed in 4 of 7 patients with ventriculomegaly. Using the two-tailed Pearson correlation, the authors determined that developmental outcome was solely affected by neurological deficits and that ventricular enlargement predicted the need for shunt placement. CONCLUSIONS The DWV was associated with both extra- and intracranial anomalies. Associated radiographic abnormalities including ventriculomegaly were observed. Hydrocephalus requiring cerebrospinal fluid diversion may be indicated. Isolated DWV was associated with a good developmental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Sasaki-Adams
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of General Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Lindzen E, Jewells V, Bouldin T, Speer D, Royal W, Markovic-Plese S. Progressive tumefactive inflammatory central nervous system demyelinating disease in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Neurovirol 2008; 14:569-73. [DOI: 10.1080/13550280802304753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the predictive value of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the evaluation of children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of medical records. SETTING : Tertiary referral center, hospital setting. PATIENTS Nineteen children (31 ears) with CND. INTERVENTIONS Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), HRCT, and audiologic evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons of the morphology of the internal auditory canal (IAC), the bony cochlear nerve canal (BCNC) as seen on HRCT, and audiologic data. RESULTS Of 12 ears with MRI evidence of an absent cochlear nerve (CN) and a normal-size IAC, all had a patent BCNC as revealed by HRCT. Four of these ears failed auditory stimulation after cochlear implantation, confirming clinically significant CND. Of 15 ears with a narrow IAC and a single nerve visible on MRI, 2 (13.3%) had a normal-size BCNC, 4 (26.7%) were narrow, and 9 (60.0%) were absent. One ear with a narrow IAC, normal BCNC, and a single nerve as revealed by MRI has benefited from cochlear implantation. CONCLUSION Using BCNC patency, as revealed by HRCT, as a means of identifying CND would miss all cases of absent CNs in the setting of a normal-size IAC. Thus, MRI should be the primary modality for imaging children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. When MRI demonstrates a single nerve within a narrow IAC, the addition of HRCT can further identify more than half of these cases as involving absent CNs because of an absent BCNC. In a subset of patients, CN status remains indeterminate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver F Adunka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Neurosciences Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7600, USA
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Abstract
We report a case of a 41-year-old woman who presented with occasional hemoptysis and hoarseness. Imaging showed a mass primarily in the sphenoid sinus but also extending into the right posterior ethmoid sinus and nasopharynx. Histology showed this mass to be a paraganglioma. We describe its computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and we discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Morales
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the internal auditory canal (IAC) and inner ear morphologic characteristics of children with cochlear nerve (CN) deficiency. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Fourteen children with small or absent (deficient) CNs have been identified by means of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). INTERVENTIONS MRI of the brain. Clinical evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Review of medical records, audiological testing results, and imaging studies. Images were evaluated for the structure of the cochlear, vestibular and facial nerves, IACs and inner ears. Audiometric thresholds were evaluated in all subjects. METHODS Fourteen children with small or absent (deficient) CNs have been identified by means of high-resolution MRI. A review of the medical records, audiologic testing results, and imaging studies was undertaken. The images were evaluated for the structure of the cochlear, vestibular and facial nerves, IACs, and inner ears. The audiometric thresholds were evaluated in all subjects. RESULTS Among the 14 patients, 5 had known syndromes. MRI allowed an exact specification of the nervous structures within all ears with normal-size IACs. Precise characterization of the nerves in ears with small IACs was more difficult, requiring a consideration of both imaging findings and functional parameters. Five children had bilateral deficient CNs, whereas the remaining 9 subjects were affected unilaterally. Thus, 19 ears had CN deficiency (absent CN, 16; small CN, 3). Eleven ears had normal-size IACs and deficient CNs. Of the 9 ears with small IACs, 8 had deficient CNs (absent, 7; small, 1) on the basis of both MRI and functional assessments. Two ears with small IACs had clear morphologic and/or functional evidence for the presence of a CN: one had a small-size CN on MRI, whereas another had a single nerve in a small IAC with present facial and auditory functions. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that CN deficiency is not an uncommon cause of congenital hearing loss. The findings that most ears with CN deficiency had normal IAC morphology and that two ears with small IACs had CNs present indicate that IAC morphology is an unreliable surrogate marker of CN integrity. On the basis of these findings, we think that high-resolution MRI, rather than CT imaging, should be performed in all cases of pediatric hearing loss, especially in those cases where profound hearing loss has been documented. For ears with small IACs, the resolution of MRI currently remains limiting. In these cases, the determination of CN status frequently requires a variety of anatomic (CT and MRI) and functional tests (auditory brainstem response, otoacoustic emissions, behavioral audiometry, and physical examination).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver F Adunka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7600, USA
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Abstract
In this article, the authors present a brief history of MR angiography (MRA) of the neck with emphasis on the techniques developed, particularly recent ones, to improve image quality. The goal of MRA is to eventually replace catheter angiography. The use of MRA, particularly contrast enhanced MRA with regards to pathology (atherosclerotic disease/plaque formation, dissection and post-traumatic aneurysm) involving the extra-cranial carotid and vertebral arteries is addressed. The authors also comment on computed tomographic angiography and sonography and how they compare with contrast enhanced MRA when pertinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Jewells
- Section of Neuroradiology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Jewells V. Head and neck imaging, 2 Volumes, 4th Ed. Acad Radiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(03)00541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Castillo M, Jewells V. Imaging of the Larynx. Acad Radiol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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