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Al-Obaidi RGY, Al-Musawi BMS. Primary hypogonadism, partial alopecia, and Müllerian hypoplasia: report of a fifth family and review. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:1634-1638. [PMID: 29026561 PMCID: PMC5628201 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruqayah G. Y. Al-Obaidi
- Medical Genetics; Genetic Counseling Clinic & Laboratory; The Teaching Laboratories; Baghdad Medical City; Baghdad Iraq
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2
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Nistal M, Paniagua R, González-Peramato P, Reyes-Múgica M. Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 18. Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadisms. Pediatric and Pubertal Presentations. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2016; 19:291-309. [PMID: 27135528 DOI: 10.2350/16-04-1810-pb.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nistal
- 1 Department of Pathology, Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Paniagua
- 2 Department of Cell Biology, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Reyes-Múgica
- 3 Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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3
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Gordon C, Weaver K, Zechi-Ceide R, Madsen E, Tavares A, Oufadem M, Kurihara Y, Adameyko I, Picard A, Breton S, Pierrot S, Biosse-Duplan M, Voisin N, Masson C, Bole-Feysot C, Nitschké P, Delrue MA, Lacombe D, Guion-Almeida M, Moura P, Garib D, Munnich A, Ernfors P, Hufnagel R, Hopkin R, Kurihara H, Saal H, Weaver D, Katsanis N, Lyonnet S, Golzio C, Clouthier D, Amiel J. Mutations in the endothelin receptor type A cause mandibulofacial dysostosis with alopecia. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:519-31. [PMID: 25772936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) signaling pathway is essential for the establishment of mandibular identity during development of the first pharyngeal arch. We report four unrelated individuals with the syndrome mandibulofacial dysostosis with alopecia (MFDA) who have de novo missense variants in EDNRA. Three of the four individuals have the same substitution, p.Tyr129Phe. Tyr129 is known to determine the selective affinity of EDNRA for endothelin 1 (EDN1), its major physiological ligand, and the p.Tyr129Phe variant increases the affinity of the receptor for EDN3, its non-preferred ligand, by two orders of magnitude. The fourth individual has a somatic mosaic substitution, p.Glu303Lys, and was previously described as having Johnson-McMillin syndrome. The zygomatic arch of individuals with MFDA resembles that of mice in which EDNRA is ectopically activated in the maxillary prominence, resulting in a maxillary to mandibular transformation, suggesting that the p.Tyr129Phe variant causes an EDNRA gain of function in the developing upper jaw. Our in vitro and in vivo assays suggested complex, context-dependent effects of the EDNRA variants on downstream signaling. Our findings highlight the importance of finely tuned regulation of EDNRA signaling during human craniofacial development and suggest that modification of endothelin receptor-ligand specificity was a key step in the evolution of vertebrate jaws.
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Abdel-Meguid N, Gebril OH, Abdelraouf ER, Shafie MA, Bahgat M. Johnson-McMillin Microtia Syndrome: New Additional Family. J Family Med Prim Care 2014; 3:275-8. [PMID: 25374870 PMCID: PMC4209688 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4863.141639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtia is a congenital anomaly that is found with different prevalence among various populations. The exact etiology of ear anomalies is still unknown. We describe a new additional family with this rare disorder; Johnson-McMillin syndrome (JMS) where mother, son, and distant grandmother have multiple features of JMS in the form of microtia, facial asymmetry, ear malformation, hearing defect, and hypotrichosis. Variable presentations in this family could be referred to phenotype variation supporting an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. We observed that the mother was very sad and suffered from feelings of guilt. We found that she had isolated herself from family and community out of fear of being stigmatized and hurt. We concluded that the occurrence of microtia is of public health importance, adhering to traditional marriage customs in Egypt increases women's risk of giving birth to a disabled child, yet the mothers are blamed and shamed for their children's birth defects by their husbands, families, and communities, while the fathers are not stigmatized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa Abdel-Meguid
- Department of Children with Special Needs, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Hosny Gebril
- Department of Children with Special Needs, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab Ragaa Abdelraouf
- Department of Children with Special Needs, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Akmal Shafie
- Department of Children with Special Needs, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Bahgat
- Department of Ear Nose and Throat, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zechi-Ceide RM, Guion-Almeida ML, Jehee FS, Rocha K, Passos-Bueno MRS. Mandibulofacial dysostosis, severe lower eyelid coloboma, cleft palate, and alopecia: A new distinct form of mandibulofacial dysostosis or a severe form of Johnson-McMillin syndrome? Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1838-40. [PMID: 20583178 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient with a phenotype characterized by mandibulofacial dysostosis with severe lower eyelid coloboma, cleft palate, abnormal ears, alopecia, delayed eruption and crowded teeth, and sensorioneural hearing loss. The karyotype and the screening for mutations in the coding region of TCOF1 gene were normal. The clinical signs of our case overlap the new mandibulofacial dysostosis described by Stevenson et al. [2007] and the case with Johnson-McMillin syndrome described by Cushman et al. [2005]. The similar clinical signs, mainly, the severe facial involvement observed in these cases suggest that they can represent a new distinct form of mandibulofacial dysostosis or the end of the spectrum of Johnson-McMillin syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseli Maria Zechi-Ceide
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC), University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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6
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Tatar A, Ocak Z, Tatar A, Yesilyurt A, Borekci B, Oztas S. Primary hypogonadism, partial alopecia, and Mullerian hypoplasia: report of a third family and review. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:501-4. [PMID: 19213036 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two sisters presented with partial alopecia, primary hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and Mullerian hypoplasia associated with mild mental retardation, microcephaly, flat occiput, sparse eyebrows, absence of breast tissue, absent ovaries, mild-moderate dorsal kyphosis, thin upper lip and unilateral sensorioneural deafness in one of them. They were the product of a Turkish consanguineous marriage. The clinical course for our patients is similar to two families reported by Al-Awadi et al. [Al-Awadi et al. (1985) Am J Med Genet 22:619-622] and Megarbane et al. [Megarbane et al. (2003) Am J Med Genet Part A 119A:214-217]. This report supports the literature by proposing an autosomal recessive syndrome which was firstly reported by Al-Awadi et al. [Al-Awadi et al. (1985) Am J Med Genet 22:619-622]. This condition may be due to a founder mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Cushman LJ, Torres-Martinez W, Weaver DD. Johnson-McMillin syndrome: report of a new case with novel features. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 73:638-41. [PMID: 16116593 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Johnson-McMillin syndrome (JMS) is a rare neuroectodermal disorder characterized by alopecia, ear malformations, conductive hearing loss, anosmia/hyposmia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner; however, the causative gene has not yet been identified. CASE Herein we report a patient with this condition who exhibits many of the features previously described, including alopecia, malformed auricles, conductive hearing loss, facial asymmetry, and developmental delays. Interestingly, she also has features that have not yet been reported, such as preauricular pits and tags, broad depressions at the lateral aspects of the eyes, and an abnormal left lower eyelid. CONCLUSIONS In addition to demonstrating a pattern of anomalies consistent with JMS, this patient has several unique features. This phenotype supports the involvement of the branchial arches in the embryologic basis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Cushman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Wattanasirichaigoon D, Visudtibhan A, Jaovisidha S, Laothamatas J, Chunharas A. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Lenz-Majewski syndrome: facial palsy, cleft palate and hydrocephalus. Clin Dysmorphol 2005; 13:137-142. [PMID: 15194948 DOI: 10.1097/01.mcd.0000127468.11641.b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a sporadic case of Lenz-Majewski syndrome (LMS) with newly recognized manifestations including facial palsy, cleft palate and hydrocephalus developing later in infancy. The clinical course of the patient and neuroimaging studies are described. Increased intracranial pressure was recognized and treated early with the aim of preventing neurological morbidity.
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Schweitzer DN, Yano S, Earl DL, Graham JM. Johnson-McMillin syndrome, a neuroectodermal syndrome with conductive hearing loss and microtia: report of a new case. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 120A:400-5. [PMID: 12838563 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In 1983, Johnson et al. described 16 related individuals with alopecia, anosmia or hyposmia, conductive hearing loss, microtia and/or atresia of the external auditory canal, and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Other less constant manifestations included facial asymmetry, mental retardation, congenital heart defect, cleft palate, and choanal stenosis. An isolated case was reported later (Johnston et al. [1987: Am J Med Genet 26: 925-927]) and thereafter an affected mother and son (Hennekam and Holtus [1993: Am J Med Genet 47: 714-716]). We describe an additional unrelated female patient with features resembling those of the previously reported cases. She presented with intrauterine growth deficiency, microcephaly, alopecia, bilateral microtia with canal atresia, conductive hearing loss, partial left facial palsy, posterior cleft palate, left choanal stenosis, tetralogy of Fallot, developmental delay, and right thumb polydactyly. Because the phenotypic abnormalities in this syndrome affect the brain, facial structures, ectoderm and its derivatives, outflow tract of the heart, and Rathke's pouch derivatives, this has suggested to previous authors etiologic involvement of the ectoderm and neuroectoderm of the first and second branchial arches, Rathke's pouch, and the diencephalon. Microtia with conductive hearing loss differentiates the condition from other ectodermal dysplasias. In the initial report, females appeared somewhat less affected than males, and there was male-to-male transmission. The mother of our patient manifests subtle features, which suggest she may be a mildly affected female. Additionally, there is a family history of early-onset alopecia in the maternal grandfather's relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Schweitzer
- Medical Genetics Birth Defects Center, Ahmanson Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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Devriendt K, Legius E, Fryns JP. Progressive extrapyramidal disorder with primary hypogonadism and alopecia in sibs: a new syndrome? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1996; 62:54-7. [PMID: 8779325 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19960301)62:1<54::aid-ajmg11>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on 2 sibs with consanguineous parents, and an identical progressive extrapyramidal movement disorder with onset in adolescence and associated with progressive alopecia and primary hypogonadism. To our knowledge, this syndrome has not been reported, and probably represents a newly recognized autosomal recessive condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Devriendt K, Van den Berghe H, Fryns JP. Alopecia-mental retardation syndrome associated with convulsions and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Clin Genet 1996; 49:6-9. [PMID: 8721564 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1996.tb04316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report two brothers with congenital total alopecia, mental retardation, childhood convulsions and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. This association has not previously been reported and probably represents a new autosomal recessive condition.
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12
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Bankier A, Rose CM. Johnson-McMillin syndrome: report of another family. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1994; 52:493-4. [PMID: 7747766 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320520419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Hennekam RC, Holtus FJ. Johnson-McMillin syndrome: report of another family. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1993; 47:714-6. [PMID: 8267002 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320470526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a mother and son with facial nerve palsy, multiple truncal café-au-lait spots, and mild developmental delay. The mother also had hyposmia, increased tendency to caries, and growth retardation, and the son hypotrichosis, hearing loss, and microtia. This apparently autosomal dominant disorder was described first by Johnson et al. [1983: Am J Med Genet 15:497-506] and Johnston et al. [1987: Am J Med Genet 26:925-927].
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Hennekam
- Institute of Human Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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