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Chouery E, Tahan E, Karam R, Pharoun J, Mehawej C, Megarbane A. BHLHA9 homozygous duplication in a consanguineous family: A challenge for genetic counseling. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:923-929. [PMID: 36565049 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) with long-bone deficiency (SHFLD) is a rare condition characterized by SHFM associated with long-bone malformation usually involving the tibia. It includes three different types; SHFLD1 (MIM % 119,100), SHFLD2 (MIM % 610,685) and SHFLD3 (MIM # 612576). The latter was shown to be the most commonly reported with a duplication in the 17p13.1p13.3 locus that was narrowed down to the BHLHA9 gene. Here, we report a consanguineous Lebanese family with three members presenting with limb abnormalities including tibial hemimelia. One of these patients presented with additional bowing fibula and another with bilateral split hand. CGH array analysis followed by RQ-PCR allowed us to detect the first homozygous duplication on the short arm of chromosome 17p13.3 including the BHLHA9 gene and involved in SHFLD3. Interestingly, one patient with the homozygous duplicated region, carrying thus four BHLHA9 copies presented with long bone deficiency but no SHFM. The incomplete penetrance and the variable expressivity of the disease in this family as well as the presence of the BHLHA9 homozygous duplication rendered genetic counseling extremely challenging and preimplantation genetic diagnosis almost impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Chouery
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Elio Tahan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Rim Karam
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jana Pharoun
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Andre Megarbane
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.,Institut Jérôme Lejeune, Paris, France
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2
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Gayathri S, Gowda VK, Udhayabanu T, O'Callaghan B, Efthymiou S, Varalakshmi P, Benakappa N, Houlden H, Ashokkumar B. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere and Fazio-Londe syndromes: SLC52A3 mutations with puzzling phenotypes and inheritance. Eur J Neurol 2021; 28:945-954. [PMID: 33325104 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) and Fazio-Londe disease (FLD) are rare neurological disorders presenting with pontobulbar palsy, muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency. Mutations in SLC52A2 (hRFVT-2) or SLC52A3 (hRFVT-3) genes can be responsible for these disorders with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. The aim of this study was to screen for mutations in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 among Indian families diagnosed with BVVLS and FLD. METHODS SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 were screened in one FLD and three BVVLS patients by exon-specific amplification using PCR and sequencing. In silico predictions using bioinformatics tools and confocal imaging using HEK-293 cells were performed to determine the functional impact of identified mutations. RESULTS Genetic analysis of a mother and son with BVVLS was identified with a novel homozygous mutation c.710C>T (p.Ala237Val) in SLC52A3. This variant was found to have an autosomal pseudodominant pattern of inheritance, which was neither listed in the Exome Variant Server or in the 1000 Genomes Project database. In silico analysis and confocal imaging of the p.Ala237Val variant showed higher degree of disorderness in hRFVT-3 that could affect riboflavin transport. Furthermore, a common homozygous mutation c.62A>G (p.Asn21Ser) was identified in other BVVLS and FLD patients. Despite having different clinical phenotypes, both BVVLS and FLD can be attributed to this mutation. CONCLUSION A rare and peculiar pattern of autosomal pseudodominant inheritance is observed for the first time in two genetically related BVVLS cases with Indian origin and a common mutation c.62A>G (p.Asn21Ser) in SLC52A3 can be responsible for both BVVLS and FLD with variable phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vykuntaraju K Gowda
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Benjamin O'Callaghan
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Naveen Benakappa
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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3
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Umair M, Hayat A. Nonsyndromic Split-Hand/Foot Malformation: Recent Classification. Mol Syndromol 2019; 10:243-254. [PMID: 32021595 DOI: 10.1159/000502784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a genetic limb anomaly disturbing the central rays of the autopod. SHFM is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with variable expressivity inherited as syndromic and nonsyndromic forms. We provide an update of the clinical and molecular aspects of nonsyndromic SHFM. This rare condition is highly complex due to the clinical variability and irregular genetic inheritance observed in the affected individuals. Nonsyndromic SHFM types have been reviewed in terms of major molecular genetic alterations reported to date. This updated overview will assist researchers, scientists, and clinicians in making an appropriate molecular diagnosis, providing an accurate recurrence risk assessment, and developing a management plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Hayat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life and Chemical Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.,College of Medicine and Health, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation, Exeter, UK
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4
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Shen Y, Si N, Liu Z, Liu F, Meng X, Zhang Y, Zhang X. 17p13.3 genomic rearrangement in a Chinese family with split-hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency: report of a complicated duplication with marked variation in phenotype. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:106. [PMID: 29970136 PMCID: PMC6029155 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Split hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a genetically heterogeneous limb malformation with variable expressivity. SHFM with tibia or femur aplasia is called SHFM with long bone deficiency (SHFLD). 17p13.3 duplications containing BHLHA9 are associated with SHFLD. Cases with variable SHFLD phenotype and different 17p13.3 duplicated regions are reported. The severity of long bone defect could not be simply explained by BHLHA9 overdosage or 17p13.3 duplication. Methods A four-generation Chinese SHFM family was recruited. Three family members have long bone defects, one male was severely affected with hypoplasia or aplasia in three of four limbs. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes were used to exclude six responsible genes/loci for isolated SHFM. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed to detect copy number variations on a genome-wide scale, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were designed to validate the identified copy number variation in the index and other family members. Results No mutations were found in genes or loci linked to isolated SHFM. A ~ 966 kb duplication was identified in 17p13.3 by array CGH, in which BHLHA9 surrounding region presented as triplication. The qPCR assays confirmed the indicated 17p13.3 duplication as well as BHLHA9 triplication in all available affected family members and other two asymptomatic carriers. Given the incomplete penetrance in SHFLD, those two carriers were regarded as non-penetrant, which suggested that the genomic rearrangement was co-segregated with malformation in this family. Conclusions The present study reports an additional SHFLD family case with 17p13.3 genomic rearrangement. To our knowledge, the 966 kb genomic rearrangement is larger in size than any previously reported SHFLD-associated 17p13.3 duplication, and the present family shows marked phenotypic variability with two asymptomatic carriers and one patient with an extremely severe phenotype. This rare case provides the opportunity to identify underlying genotype-phenotype correlations between SHFLD and 17p13.3 genomic rearrangement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-018-0838-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Shen
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, No.5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Nuo Si
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, No.5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100073, China
| | - Fang Liu
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, No.5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xiaolu Meng
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, No.5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, No.5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China. .,Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100073, China.
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5
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Umair M, Ullah A, Abbas S, Ahmad F, Basit S, Ahmad W. First direct evidence of involvement of a homozygous loss-of-function variant in the EPS15L1
gene underlying split-hand/split-foot malformation. Clin Genet 2018; 93:699-702. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Umair
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - A. Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - S. Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - F. Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - S. Basit
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases; Taibah University; Al Madinah Saudi Arabia
| | - W. Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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6
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Barnett CP, Nataren NJ, Klingler-Hoffmann M, Schwarz Q, Chong CE, Lee YK, Bruno DL, Lipsett J, McPhee AJ, Schreiber AW, Feng J, Hahn CN, Scott HS. Ectrodactyly and Lethal Pulmonary Acinar Dysplasia Associated with Homozygous FGFR2 Mutations Identified by Exome Sequencing. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:955-63. [PMID: 27323706 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ectrodactyly/split hand-foot malformation is genetically heterogeneous with more than 100 syndromic associations. Acinar dysplasia is a rare congenital lung lesion of unknown etiology, which is frequently lethal postnatally. To date, there have been no reports of combinations of these two phenotypes. Here, we present an infant from a consanguineous union with both ectrodactyly and autopsy confirmed acinar dysplasia. SNP array and whole-exome sequencing analyses of the affected infant identified a novel homozygous Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) missense mutation (p.R255Q) in the IgIII domain (D3). Expression studies of Fgfr2 in development show localization to the affected limbs and organs. Molecular modeling and genetic and functional assays support that this mutation is at least a partial loss-of-function mutation, and contributes to ectrodactyly and acinar dysplasia only in homozygosity, unlike previously reported heterozygous activating FGFR2 mutations that cause Crouzon, Apert, and Pfeiffer syndromes. This is the first report of mutations in a human disease with ectrodactyly with pulmonary acinar dysplasia and, as such, homozygous loss-of-function FGFR2 mutations represent a unique syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Barnett
- SA Clinical Genetics, Women's and Children's Hospital/SA Pathology, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathalie J Nataren
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Quenten Schwarz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Chan-Eng Chong
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Young K Lee
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Damien L Bruno
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jill Lipsett
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew J McPhee
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital/SA Pathology, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andreas W Schreiber
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia.,ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, SA, Australia
| | - Jinghua Feng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia.,ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, SA, Australia
| | - Christopher N Hahn
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.,ACRF Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, SA, Australia
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7
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Al Kaissi A, Ganger R, Rötzer KM, Klaushofer K, Grill F. A child with split-hand/foot associated with tibial hemimelia (SHFLD syndrome) and thrombocytopenia maps to chromosome region 17p13.3. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2338-43. [PMID: 24838992 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We describe a-2-year-old boy who presented with a neonatal history of thrombocytopenia associated with a constellation of limb malformations mimicking split hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency (SHFLD) syndrome. Limb malformations consisted of unilateral monodactyly with radial aplasia, unilateral split foot and bilateral club foot. Tibial aplasia of one limb and tibial hypoplasia of the other limb were notable. Partial agenesis of the sacrum was additional skeletal malformation. Craniofacial features included dense thick scalp hair, narrow frontal area, thick eye-brows, deep-set eyes, depressed nasal bridge, and small overhanging nasal tip, full-cheeks, and large ears. Array-CGH showed duplication of the short arm of chromosome 17p13.3 in the boy and his father, respectively. The father was free from any skeletal abnormalities, though he shares similar craniofacial dysmorphic features like his son. In addition, a paternal sib (uncle of the proband) manifested a phenotype similar to that of the proband. To the best of our knowledge the overall phenotypic and genotypic characterizations were consistent but not completely compatible with the traditional type of TAR syndrome or with SHFLD syndrome. We report on what might be a novel variant of SHFLD associated with transient thrombocytopenia, dysmorphic facial features, and a constellation of bone malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al Kaissi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, Hanusch Hospital of WGKK, Vienna, Austria; AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Paediatric Department, Orthopaedic Hospital of Speising, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Carvalho DR, Santos SCL, Oliveira MDV, Speck-Martins CE. Tibial hemimelia in Langer-Giedion syndrome with 8q23.1-q24.12 interstitial deletion. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:2784-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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17p13.3 microduplications are associated with split-hand/foot malformation and long-bone deficiency (SHFLD). Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:1144-51. [PMID: 21629300 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Split-hand/foot malformation with long-bone deficiency (SHFLD) is a relatively rare autosomal-dominant skeletal disorder, characterized by variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Although several chromosomal loci for SHFLD have been identified, the molecular basis and pathogenesis of most SHFLD cases are unknown. In this study we describe three unrelated kindreds, in which SHFLD segregated with distinct but overlapping duplications in 17p13.3, a region previously linked to SHFLD. In a large three-generation family, the disorder was found to segregate with a 254 kb microduplication; a second microduplication of 527 kb was identified in an affected female and her unaffected mother, and a 430 kb microduplication versus microtriplication was identified in three affected members of a multi-generational family. These findings, along with previously published data, suggest that one locus responsible for this form of SHFLD is located within a 173 kb overlapping critical region, and that the copy gains are incompletely penetrant.
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10
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Klaassen Z, Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Supernumerary and absent limbs and digits of the lower limb: A review of the literature. Clin Anat 2011; 24:570-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.21102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Horimoto ARVR, Onodera MT, Otto PA. PENCALC: A program for penetrance estimation in autosomal dominant diseases. Genet Mol Biol 2010; 33:455-9. [PMID: 21637415 PMCID: PMC3036116 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572010005000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a computer program developed for estimating penetrance rates in autosomal dominant diseases by means of family kinship and phenotype information contained within the pedigrees. The program also determines the exact 95% credibility interval for the penetrance estimate. Both executable (PenCalc for Windows) and web versions (PenCalcWeb) of the software are available. The web version enables further calculations, such as heterozygosity probabilities and assessment of offspring risks for all individuals in the pedigrees. Both programs can be accessed and down-loaded freely at the home-page address http://www.ib.usp.br/~otto/software.htm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa R V Russo Horimoto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
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12
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Al-Gazali L, Ali BR. Mutations of a country: a mutation review of single gene disorders in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Hum Mutat 2010; 31:505-20. [PMID: 20437613 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The United Arab Emirates inhabitants are ethnically diverse, with ancestries from Arabia, Persia, Baluchistan, and Africa. However, the majority of the current five million inhabitants are expatriates from the Asian subcontinent, Middle Eastern, African, and European countries. Consanguineous marriages within most UAE subpopulations are still the norm, leading to the formation of isolates and higher frequencies of recessive conditions. The UAE is ranked sixth in terms of prevalence of birth defects, with more than 270 genetic disorders reported in the national population. The UAE has high frequencies of blood disorders including thalassemias, sickle cell disease, and G6PD. In addition, certain genetic conditions are relatively common including cystic fibrosis, Joubert, and Meckel syndromes. Furthermore, numerous rare congenital malformations and metabolic disorders have been reported. We review the single gene disorders that have been studied at the molecular level in the UAE (which currently stand at 76) and compile the mutations found. Several novel (p.S2439fs) mutations have been reported including c.7317delA in NF1, c.5C>T (p.A2V) in DKC1, c.1766T>A (p.I589N) in TP63, and c.2117G>T (p.R706L) in VLDLR. We hope that this review will form the basis to establish a UAE mutations database and serve as a model for the collection of mutations of a country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Departments of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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13
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Ghanem I. Epidemiology, etiology, and genetic aspects of reduction deficiencies of the lower limb. J Child Orthop 2008; 2:329-32. [PMID: 19308564 PMCID: PMC2656849 DOI: 10.1007/s11832-008-0098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the majority of lower limb deficiencies are of sporadic occurrence and of unknown etiology, genetic factors are involved in a significant number, with variable modes of inheritance. A better-informed public is demanding advice concerning cause and recurrence. Careful scrutiny of the medical history and family tree and attention to phenotypic details may help to delineate entities. At times, specific chromosomal tests are important, mainly when there is bilateral or multiorgan involvement or when limb deficiency is associated with developmental delay and/or mental retardation. This paper is intended to refamiliarize the orthopaedic community with basic genetic aspects regulating reduction deficiencies of the lower limbs, and to emphasize on the importance and indications of genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismat Ghanem
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon,
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14
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Lezirovitz K, Maestrelli SRP, Cotrim NH, Otto PA, Pearson PL, Mingroni-Netto RC. A novel locus for split-hand/foot malformation associated with tibial hemimelia (SHFLD syndrome) maps to chromosome region 17p13.1–17p13.3. Hum Genet 2008; 123:625-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-008-0515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Dayer R, Ceroni D, Bottani A, Kaelin A. Tibial aplasia-hypoplasia and ectrodactyly in monozygotic twins with a discordant phenotype. J Pediatr Orthop 2007; 27:266-9. [PMID: 17414007 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0b013e3180340d6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tibial hemimelia with ectrodactyly is reported for the first time in monozygotic female twins with a positive family history for limb anomalies. This very rare autosomal dominant condition is known to be associated with a highly variable phenotype, as illustrated by the distinct clinical presentations, despite identical genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Dayer
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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16
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Naveed M, Nath SK, Gaines M, Al-Ali MT, Al-Khaja N, Hutchings D, Golla J, Deutsch S, Bottani A, Antonarakis SE, Ratnamala U, Radhakrishna U. Genomewide linkage scan for split-hand/foot malformation with long-bone deficiency in a large Arab family identifies two novel susceptibility loci on chromosomes 1q42.2-q43 and 6q14.1. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:105-11. [PMID: 17160898 PMCID: PMC1785322 DOI: 10.1086/510724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Split-hand/foot malformation with long-bone deficiency (SHFLD) is a rare, severe limb deformity characterized by tibia aplasia with or without split-hand/split-foot deformity. Identification of genetic susceptibility loci for SHFLD has been unsuccessful because of its rare incidence, variable phenotypic expression and associated anomalies, and uncertain inheritance pattern. SHFLD is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance, although recessive inheritance has also been postulated. We conducted a genomewide linkage analysis, using a 10K SNP array in a large consanguineous family (UR078) from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) who had disease transmission consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The study identified two novel SHFLD susceptibility loci at 1q42.2-q43 (nonparametric linkage [NPL] 9.8, P=.000065) and 6q14.1 (NPL 7.12, P=.000897). These results were also supported by multipoint parametric linkage analysis. Maximum multipoint LOD scores of 3.20 and 3.78 were detected for genomic locations 1q42.2-43 and 6q14.1, respectively, with the use of an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with reduced penetrance. Haplotype analysis with informative crossovers enabled mapping of the SHFLD loci to a region of approximately 18.38 cM (8.4 Mb) between single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1124110 and rs535043 on 1q42.2-q43 and to a region of approximately 1.96 cM (4.1 Mb) between rs623155 and rs1547251 on 6q14.1. The study identified two novel loci for the SHFLD phenotype in this UAE family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Naveed
- Center for Arab Genomic Studies (CAGS), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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