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Nunes N, Carvalho Nunes B, Zamariolli M, Cordeiro de Queiroz Soares D, Caires dos Santos L, Gollo Dantas A, Ayres Meloni V, Iole Belangero S, Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes VL, Ae Kim C, Melaragno MI. Variants in Candidate Genes for Phenotype Heterogeneity in Patients with the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:5549592. [PMID: 38586596 PMCID: PMC10998724 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5549592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a microdeletion syndrome with a broad and heterogeneous phenotype, even though most of the deletions present similar sizes, involving ∼3 Mb of DNA. In a relatively large population of a Brazilian 22q11.2DS cohort (60 patients), we investigated genetic variants that could act as genetic modifiers and contribute to the phenotypic heterogeneity, using a targeted NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) with a specific Ion AmpliSeq panel to sequence nine candidate genes (CRKL, MAPK1, HIRA, TANGO2, PI4KA, HDAC1, ZDHHC8, ZFPM2, and JAM3), mapped in and outside the 22q11.2 hemizygous deleted region. In silico prediction was performed, and the whole-genome sequencing annotation analysis package (WGSA) was used to predict the possible pathogenic effect of single nucleotide variants (SNVs). For the in silico prediction of the indels, we used the genomic variants filtered by a deep learning model in NGS (GARFIELD-NGS). We identified six variants, 4 SNVs and 2 indels, in MAPK1, JAM3, and ZFPM2 genes with possibly synergistic deleterious effects in the context of the 22q11.2 deletion. Our results provide the opportunity for the discovery of the co-occurrence of genetic variants with 22q11.2 deletions, which may influence the patients´ phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Carvalho Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malú Zamariolli
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Caires dos Santos
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anelisa Gollo Dantas
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Ayres Meloni
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sintia Iole Belangero
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Abdallah Moady T, Odeh M, Fedida A, Segal Z, Gruber M, Goldfeld M, Kalfon L, Falik-Zaccai TC. Case report: Novel insights into hemorrhagic destruction of the brain, subependymal calcification, and cataracts disease. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1178280. [PMID: 37780041 PMCID: PMC10534027 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1178280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathogenic variants of the junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3/JAM-C; OMIM#606871) is the cause of the rare recessive disorder called hemorrhagic destruction of the brain, subependymal calcification, and cataracts (HDBSCC, OMIM#613730) disease. A similar phenotype is universal, including congenital cataracts and brain hemorrhages with high mortality rate in the first few weeks of life and with a poor neurologic outcome in survivors. We aim to describe and enlighten novel phenotype and genotype of a new patient and review the literature regarding all reported patients worldwide. Case report We report the case of a prenatal and postnatal phenotype of a new patient with a novel pathogenic loss-of-function variant in JAM3, who presented prenatally with cataracts and brain anomalies and postnatally with brain hemorrhages, failure to thrive (FTT), progressive microcephaly, recurrent posterior capsule opacities, and auditory neuropathy. Discussion This study enlightens novel possible functions of JAM3 in the normal development of the brain, the ocular lenses, the auditory system, and possibly the gastrointestinal tract. This study is the first to report of cataracts evident in as early as 23 weeks of gestation and a rare phenomenon of recurrent posterior capsule opacities despite performing recurrent posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy. We suggest that auditory neuropathy, which is reported here for the first time, is part of the phenotype of HDBSCC, probably due to an endothelial microvasculature disruption of the peripheral eighth nerve or possibly due to impaired nerve conduction from the synapse to the brainstem. Conclusions Prenatal cataracts, brain anomalies, FTT, and auditory neuropathy are part of the phenotype of the HDBSCC disease. We suggest including JAM3 in the gene list known to cause congenital cataracts, brain hemorrhages, and hearing loss. Further studies should address the auditory neuropathy and FTT phenomena in knockout mice models. We further suggest performing comprehensive ophthalmic, audiologic, and gastroenterologic evaluations for living patients worldwide to further confirm these novel phenomena in this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwan Odeh
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Ob/Gyn Ultrasound Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Ayalla Fedida
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Zvi Segal
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Maayan Gruber
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Department of ENT, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Moshe Goldfeld
- Department of Radiology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Tzipora C. Falik-Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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3
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Sinha S, Elbaz‐Alon Y, Avinoam O. Ca 2+ as a coordinator of skeletal muscle differentiation, fusion and contraction. FEBS J 2022; 289:6531-6542. [PMID: 35689496 PMCID: PMC9795905 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is essential for vertebrate muscle homeostasis and recovery after injury. During regeneration, muscle stem cells differentiate into myocytes, which then fuse with pre-existing muscle fibres. Hence, differentiation, fusion and contraction must be tightly regulated during regeneration to avoid the disastrous consequences of premature fusion of myocytes to actively contracting fibres. Cytosolic calcium (Ca2+ ), which is coupled to both induction of myogenic differentiation and contraction, has more recently been implicated in the regulation of myocyte-to-myotube fusion. In this viewpoint, we propose that Ca2+ -mediated coordination of differentiation, fusion and contraction is a feature selected in the amniotes to facilitate muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sansrity Sinha
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Yael Elbaz‐Alon
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ori Avinoam
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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4
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He GW, Maslen CL, Chen HX, Hou HT, Bai XY, Wang XL, Liu XC, Lu WL, Chen XX, Chen WD, Xing QS, Wu Q, Wang J, Yang Q. Identification of Novel Rare Copy Number Variants Associated with Sporadic Tetralogy of Fallot and Clinical Implications. Clin Genet 2022; 102:391-403. [PMID: 35882632 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Highly penetrant copy number variants (CNVs) and genes related to the etiology of TOF likely exist with differences among populations. We aimed to identify CNV contributions to sporadic TOF cases in Han Chinese. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood in 605 subjects (303 sporadic TOF and 302 unaffected Han Chinese [Control] from cardiac centers in China and analyzed by genome-wide association study (GWAS). The GWAS results were compared to existing Database of Genetic Variants. These CNVs were further validated by qPCR. Bioinformatics analyses were performed with Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network and KEGG pathway enrichment. Across all chromosomes 119 novel "TOF-specific CNVs" were identified with prevalence of CNVs of 21.5% in chromosomes 1-20 and 37.0% including Chr21/22. In chromosomes 1-20, CNVs on 11q25 (encompasses genes ACAD8, B3GAT1, GLB1L2, GLB1L3, IGSF9B, JAM3, LOC100128239, LOC283177, MIR4697, MIR4697HG, NCAPD3, OPCML, SPATA19, THYN1, and VPS26B) and 14q32.33 (encompasses genes THYN1, OPCML, and NCAPD3) encompass genes most likely to be associated with TOF. Specific CNVs found on the chromosome 21 (6.3%) and 22(11.9%) were also identified in details. PPI network analysis identified the genes covering the specific CNVs related to TOF and the signaling pathways. This study for first time identified novel TOF-specific CNVs in the Han Chinese with higher frequency than in Caucasians and with 11q25 and 14q32.33 not reported in TOF of Caucasians. These novel CNVs identify new candidate genes for TOF and provide new insights into genetic basis of TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Wei He
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cheryl L Maslen
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Bai
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Wan-Li Lu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Dan Chen
- Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Xing
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Immune Deficiency in Jacobsen Syndrome: Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081197. [PMID: 34440371 PMCID: PMC8394748 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Jacobsen syndrome or JBS (OMIM #147791) is a contiguous gene syndrome caused by a deletion affecting the terminal q region of chromosome 11. The phenotype of patients with JBS is a specific syndromic phenotype predominately associated with hematological alterations. Complete and partial JBS are differentiated depending on which functional and causal genes are haploinsufficient in the patient. We describe the case of a 6-year-old Bulgarian boy in which it was possible to identify all of the major signs and symptoms listed by the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog using the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO). Extensive blood and marrow tests revealed the existence of thrombocytopenia and leucopenia, specifically due to low levels of T and B cells and low levels of IgM. Genetic analysis using whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/copy number variations (CNVs) microarray hybridization confirmed that the patient had the deletion arr[hg19]11q24.3q25(128,137,532–134,938,470)x1 in heterozygosis. This alteration was considered causal of partial JBS because the essential BSX and NRGN genes were not included, though 30 of the 96 HPO identifiers associated with this OMIM were identified in the patient. The deletion of the FLI-1, ETS1, JAM3 and THYN1 genes was considered to be directly associated with the immunodeficiency exhibited by the patient. Although immunodeficiency is widely accepted as a major sign of JBS, only constipation, bone marrow hypocellularity and recurrent respiratory infections have been included in the HPO as terms used to refer to the immunological defects in JBS. Exhaustive functional analysis and individual monitoring are required and should be mandatory for these patients.
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6
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Si Y, Wen H, Du S. Genetic Mutations in jamb, jamc, and myomaker Revealed Different Roles on Myoblast Fusion and Muscle Growth. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:111-123. [PMID: 30467785 PMCID: PMC6467518 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Myoblast fusion is a vital step for skeletal muscle development, growth, and regeneration. Loss of Jamb, Jamc, or Myomaker (Mymk) function impaired myoblast fusion in zebrafish embryos. In addition, mymk mutation hampered fish muscle growth. However, the effect of Jamb and Jamc deficiency on fish muscle growth is not clear. Moreover, whether jamb;jamc and jamb;mymk double mutations have stronger effects on myoblast fusion and muscle growth remains to be investigated. Here, we characterized the muscle development and growth in jamb, jamc, and mymk single and double mutants in zebrafish. We found that although myoblast fusion was compromised in jamb and jamc single or jamb;jamc double mutants, these mutant fish showed no defect in muscle cell fusion during muscle growth. The mutant fish were able to grow into adults that were indistinguishable from the wild-type sibling. In contrast, the jamb;mymk double mutants exhibited a stronger muscle phenotype compared to the jamb and jamc single and double mutants. The jamb;mymk double mutant showed reduced growth and partial lethality, similar to a mymk single mutant. Single fiber analysis of adult skeletal myofibers revealed that jamb, jamc, or jamb;jamc mutants contained mainly multinucleated myofibers, whereas jamb;mymk double mutants contained mostly mononucleated fibers. Significant intramuscular adipocyte infiltration was found in skeletal muscles of the jamb;mymk mutant. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that although Jamb, Jamc, and Mymk are all involved in myoblast fusion during early myogenesis, they have distinct roles in myoblast fusion during muscle growth. While Mymk is essential for myoblast fusion during both muscle development and growth, Jamb and Jamc are dispensable for myoblast fusion during muscle growth.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Cell Communication
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Fusion
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Junctional Adhesion Molecule B/deficiency
- Junctional Adhesion Molecule B/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/deficiency
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Development/genetics
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/deficiency
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/growth & development
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Mutation
- Myoblasts/cytology
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/growth & development
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Si
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haishen Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaojun Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
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7
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Transient cardiomyocyte fusion regulates cardiac development in zebrafish. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1525. [PMID: 29142194 PMCID: PMC5688123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells can sacrifice their individuality by fusing, but the prevalence and significance of this process are poorly understood. To approach these questions, here we generate transgenic reporter lines in zebrafish to label and specifically ablate fused cells. In addition to skeletal muscle cells, the reporters label cardiomyocytes starting at an early developmental stage. Genetic mosaics generated by cell transplantation show cardiomyocytes expressing both donor- and host-derived transgenes, confirming the occurrence of fusion in larval hearts. These fusion events are transient and do not generate multinucleated cardiomyocytes. Functionally, cardiomyocyte fusion correlates with their mitotic activity during development as well as during regeneration in adult animals. By analyzing the cell fusion-compromised jam3b mutants, we propose a role for membrane fusion in cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac function. Together, our findings uncover the previously unrecognized process of transient cardiomyocyte fusion and identify its potential role in cardiac development and function. Cell fusion regulates several physiological events, for example, fusion of myoblasts in skeletal muscle formation, but it is unclear if this process occurs in the heart. Here, the authors use transgenic reporters in zebrafish to show transient cardiomyocyte fusion, modulating cardiac development and function.
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8
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Ye M, Zhang Q, Xu X, Zhang Q, Ge Y, Geng P, Yan J, Luo L, Sun Y, Liang X. Loss of JAM-C leads to impaired esophageal innervations and megaesophagus in mice. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:864-871. [PMID: 26123848 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Megaesophagus is a disease where peristalsis fails to occur properly and esophagus is enlarged. The etiology and mechanism of megaesophagus are not well understood. In this study, we reported that junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) knockout mice on a C57/B6 background developed progressive megaesophagus from embryonic day (E) 15.5 onward with complete penetrance. JAM-C knockout mice exhibited a significant reduction in the number of nerve fibers/ganglia in the wall of the esophagus. However, histological analysis revealed that the esophageal wall thickness and structure of JAM-C knockout mice at embryonic stages and young adult were comparable to that of control littermates. Thus, megaesophagus observed in JAM-C knockout mice could be attributed, at least in part, to impaired esophageal innervations. Our data suggest JAM-C as a potential candidate gene for human megaesophagus, and JAM-C knockout mice might serve as a model for the study of human megaesophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ye
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - X Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Y Ge
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - P Geng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - J Yan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - L Luo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Y Sun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - X Liang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Nakamura T, Arima-Yoshida F, Sakaue F, Nasu-Nishimura Y, Takeda Y, Matsuura K, Akshoomoff N, Mattson SN, Grossfeld PD, Manabe T, Akiyama T. PX-RICS-deficient mice mimic autism spectrum disorder in Jacobsen syndrome through impaired GABAA receptor trafficking. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10861. [PMID: 26979507 PMCID: PMC4799364 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Jacobsen syndrome (JBS) is a rare congenital disorder caused by a terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11. A subset of patients exhibit social behavioural problems that meet the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the underlying molecular pathogenesis remains poorly understood. PX-RICS is located in the chromosomal region commonly deleted in JBS patients with autistic-like behaviour. Here we report that PX-RICS-deficient mice exhibit ASD-like social behaviours and ASD-related comorbidities. PX-RICS-deficient neurons show reduced surface γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) levels and impaired GABAAR-mediated synaptic transmission. PX-RICS, GABARAP and 14-3-3ζ/θ form an adaptor complex that interconnects GABAAR and dynein/dynactin, thereby facilitating GABAAR surface expression. ASD-like behavioural abnormalities in PX-RICS-deficient mice are ameliorated by enhancing inhibitory synaptic transmission with a GABAAR agonist. Our findings demonstrate a critical role of PX-RICS in cognition and suggest a causal link between PX-RICS deletion and ASD-like behaviour in JBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Fumiko Arima-Yoshida
- Division of Neuronal Network, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Fumika Sakaue
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nasu-Nishimura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yasuko Takeda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Ken Matsuura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Natacha Akshoomoff
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Sarah N Mattson
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92120, USA
| | - Paul D Grossfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92123, USA
| | - Toshiya Manabe
- Division of Neuronal Network, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tetsu Akiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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10
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Favier R, Akshoomoff N, Mattson S, Grossfeld P. Jacobsen syndrome: Advances in our knowledge of phenotype and genotype. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 169:239-50. [PMID: 26285164 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In 1973, the Danish geneticist Petrea Jacobsen described a three-generation family in which the proband carried a presumed terminal deletion at the end of the long arm of chromosome 11 (11q). This patient had dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease, and intellectual disability. Since Dr. Jacobsen's initial report, over 200 patients with Jacobsen syndrome have been reported, suggesting that Jacobsen syndrome is a contiguous gene disorder. With the advent of high resolution deletion mapping and the completion of the human genome sequencing project, a comprehensive genotype/phenotype analysis for Jacobsen syndrome became possible. In this article, we review research describing individual causal genes in distal 11q that contribute to the overall Jacobsen syndrome clinical phenotype. Through a combination of human genetics and the use of genetically engineered animal models, causal genes have been identified for the clinical problems in JS that historically have caused the greatest morbidity and mortality: congenital heart disease, the Paris-Trousseau bleeding disorder, intellectual disability, autism, and immunodeficiency. Insights gained from these studies are being applied for future drug development and clinical trials, as well as for a potential strategy for the prevention of certain forms of congenital heart disease. The results of these studies will likely not only improve the prognostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with Jacobsen syndrome, but also for the general population afflicted with these problems.
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11
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Ciocca L, Digilio MC, Lombardo A, D'Elia G, Baban A, Capolino R, Petrocchi S, Russo S, Sirleto P, Roberti MC, Marino B, Angioni A, Dallapiccola B. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome and 21q22.3 deletion. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:579-86. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ciocca
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - M. Cristina Digilio
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Antonietta Lombardo
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Gemma D'Elia
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Anwar Baban
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Stefano Petrocchi
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Serena Russo
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Pietro Sirleto
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - M. Cristina Roberti
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology; Department of Pediatrics; Sapienza University, and Eleonora Lorrillard Spencer Cenci Foundation; Rome Italy
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital; IRCCS; Rome Italy
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12
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Akshoomoff N, Mattson SN, Grossfeld PD. Evidence for autism spectrum disorder in Jacobsen syndrome: identification of a candidate gene in distal 11q. Genet Med 2014; 17:143-8. [DOI: 10.1038/gim.2014.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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13
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Ye M, Parente F, Li X, Perryman MB, Zelante L, Wynshaw-Boris A, Chen J, Grossfeld P. Gene-targeted deletion ofOPCMLandNeurotriminin mice does not yield congenital heart defects. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:966-74. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maoqing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital; Tongji University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Department of Pediatrics; UCSD School of Medicine; San Diego California
| | - Fabienne Parente
- Department of Medicine; UCSD School of Medicine; San Diego California
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Medicine; UCSD School of Medicine; San Diego California
| | | | - Leopoldo Zelante
- Medical Genetics Service; IRCCS-CSS Hospital; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | | | - Ju Chen
- Department of Medicine; UCSD School of Medicine; San Diego California
| | - Paul Grossfeld
- Department of Pediatrics; UCSD School of Medicine; San Diego California
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our understanding of the interactions of genes and pathways during heart development continues to expand with our knowledge of the genetic basis of congenital heart disease. Along with the discovery of specific genes that cause lesions, recent research has focused on the interactions of some previously identified genes. This review focuses on the progress made during the last year. RECENT FINDINGS T-box, NK, and GATA transcription factors have known associations with a variety of syndromic and isolated congenital heart defects. Discovery of novel interactions of GATA and T-box transcription factors highlights the direction of recent research. In addition, the critical yet somewhat redundant roles of nkx2.5 and nkx2.7, along with the interaction of nkx2.7 with tbx20, have been elucidated. The contributions of still other transcription factor classes are being elucidated. Further understanding of 22q11.2 deletion and microduplication syndromes and their genetic interactions has also been studied. Recent work also highlights PTPN11 and NOTCH1 in Noonan syndrome. SUMMARY The recent developments in the genetics of congenital heart disease are reviewed. In many cases, it is the novel interactions of previously known genes that highlight this year's developments. These interactions will ultimately lead to better understanding of downstream transcriptional or signaling pathways.
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Powell GT, Wright GJ. Jamb and jamc are essential for vertebrate myocyte fusion. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1001216. [PMID: 22180726 PMCID: PMC3236736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Jamb and Jamc are an essential cell surface receptor pair that interact to drive fusion between muscle precursor cells during zebrafish development. Cellular fusion is required in the development of several tissues, including skeletal muscle. In vertebrates, this process is poorly understood and lacks an in vivo-validated cell surface heterophilic receptor pair that is necessary for fusion. Identification of essential cell surface interactions between fusing cells is an important step in elucidating the molecular mechanism of cellular fusion. We show here that the zebrafish orthologues of JAM-B and JAM-C receptors are essential for fusion of myocyte precursors to form syncytial muscle fibres. Both jamb and jamc are dynamically co-expressed in developing muscles and encode receptors that physically interact. Heritable mutations in either gene prevent myocyte fusion in vivo, resulting in an overabundance of mononuclear, but otherwise overtly normal, functional fast-twitch muscle fibres. Transplantation experiments show that the Jamb and Jamc receptors must interact between neighbouring cells (in trans) for fusion to occur. We also show that jamc is ectopically expressed in prdm1a mutant slow muscle precursors, which inappropriately fuse with other myocytes, suggesting that control of myocyte fusion through regulation of jamc expression has important implications for the growth and patterning of muscles. Our discovery of a receptor-ligand pair critical for fusion in vivo has important implications for understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for myocyte fusion and its regulation in vertebrate myogenesis. The fusion of precursor cells is a crucial step in many biological processes, one of which is the development of skeletal muscle. The molecular and cell biology of fusion of muscle precursors has been well described in Drosophila melanogaster larvae, leading to insights into the process in vertebrates. However, the identity and mechanism of action of essential cell surface proteins for fusion between vertebrate muscle precursors has previously been lacking. Here, we describe a vertebrate-specific cell surface receptor pair that is essential for fusion in zebrafish: Jamb and Jamc. Loss of function of either receptor causes a near-complete block in fusion, resulting in an overabundance of mononucleate muscle fibres that are otherwise overtly normal. We demonstrate that Jamb and Jamc physically interact and are co-expressed by muscle precursors. Moreover, we show that the interaction between them is essential for fusion between neighbouring precursors in an embryo. We hypothesise that binding of Jamb to Jamc is a necessary recognition and adhesion step permissive for, but not sufficient to cause, myocyte fusion. Knowledge of these molecular components in vertebrates will lead to better understanding of how fusion is controlled to pattern skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth T. Powell
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin J. Wright
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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16
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Casadonte JR, Kim JM, Dadlani GH, Jacobs JP, Cooper DS, Stapleton GE. Blalock-Taussig Shunt Thrombosis Prophylaxis in a Patient With Jacobsen Syndrome and Thrombocytopenia. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2011; 2:641-3. [DOI: 10.1177/2150135111412796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Jacobsen syndrome (JS) is a rare chromosomal anomaly caused by deletions in the distal long arm of chromosome 11. Features of the syndrome include growth and developmental delays, a distinctive facial appearance, and a variety of physical problems including heart defects and bleeding disorders. Congenital heart defects occur in approximately 50% of children with JS. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) has been occasionally reported in association with JS. In such cases, the hematological abnormalities may influence the outcome from single-ventricle palliation through staged surgical reconstruction. Thrombotic obstruction or occlusion of the modified Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt is a well-documented cause of interstage mortality following the Norwood operation. Although there is no consensus regarding the therapeutic value of antiplatelet therapy during the interstage period following the first stage of palliation, maintenance of shunt patency is critically important. For patients with JS undergoing single-ventricle palliation, decisions regarding antiplatelet therapy during the interstage period may be further complicated by the presence of thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction related to JS. We report the case of a patient with HLHS, JS, and thrombocytopenia who underwent the Norwood procedure, and we describe our strategy for prophylaxis against thrombosis of the BT shunt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer M. Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gul H. Dadlani
- Divison of Pediatric Cardiology, All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Jacobs
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - David S. Cooper
- Divison of Pediatric Cardiology, All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Gary E. Stapleton
- Divison of Pediatric Cardiology, All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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Mochida GH, Ganesh VS, Felie JM, Gleason D, Hill RS, Clapham KR, Rakiec D, Tan WH, Akawi N, Al-Saffar M, Partlow JN, Tinschert S, Barkovich AJ, Ali B, Al-Gazali L, Walsh CA. A homozygous mutation in the tight-junction protein JAM3 causes hemorrhagic destruction of the brain, subependymal calcification, and congenital cataracts. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 87:882-9. [PMID: 21109224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tight junction, or zonula occludens, is a specialized cell-cell junction that regulates epithelial and endothelial permeability, and it is an essential component of the blood-brain barrier in the cerebrovascular endothelium. In addition to functioning as a diffusion barrier, tight junctions are also involved in signal transduction. In this study, we identified a homozygous mutation in the tight-junction protein gene JAM3 in a large consanguineous family from the United Arab Emirates. Some members of this family had a rare autosomal-recessive syndrome characterized by severe hemorrhagic destruction of the brain, subependymal calcification, and congenital cataracts. Their clinical presentation overlaps with some reported cases of pseudo-TORCH syndrome as well as with cases involving mutations in occludin, another component of the tight-junction complex. However, massive intracranial hemorrhage distinguishes these patients from others. Homozygosity mapping identified the disease locus in this family on chromosome 11q25 with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 6.15. Sequence analysis of genes in the candidate interval uncovered a mutation in the canonical splice-donor site of intron 5 of JAM3. RT-PCR analysis of a patient lymphoblast cell line confirmed abnormal splicing, leading to a frameshift mutation with early termination. JAM3 is known to be present in vascular endothelium, although its roles in cerebral vasculature have not been implicated. Our results suggest that JAM3 is essential for maintaining the integrity of the cerebrovascular endothelium as well as for normal lens development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshwaran H Mochida
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Bernardini L, Giuffrida MG, Francalanci P, Capalbo A, Novelli A, Callea F, Dallapiccola B. X chromosome monosomy restricted to the left ventricle is not a major cause of isolated hypoplastic left heart. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1967-72. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Ye M, Coldren C, Liang X, Mattina T, Goldmuntz E, Benson DW, Ivy D, Perryman MB, Garrett-Sinha LA, Grossfeld P. Deletion of ETS-1, a gene in the Jacobsen syndrome critical region, causes ventricular septal defects and abnormal ventricular morphology in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 19:648-56. [PMID: 19942620 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects comprise the most common form of major birth defects, affecting 0.7% of all newborn infants. Jacobsen syndrome (11q-) is a rare chromosomal disorder caused by deletions in distal 11q. We have previously determined that a wide spectrum of the most common congenital heart defects occur in 11q-, including an unprecedented high frequency of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). We identified an approximately 7 Mb 'cardiac critical region' in distal 11q that contains a putative causative gene(s) for congenital heart disease. In this study, we utilized chromosomal microarray mapping to characterize three patients with 11q- and congenital heart defects that carry interstitial deletions overlapping the 7 Mb cardiac critical region. We propose that this 1.2 Mb region of overlap harbors a gene(s) that causes at least a subset of the congenital heart defects that occur in 11q-. We demonstrate that one gene in this region, ETS-1 (a member of the ETS family of transcription factors), is expressed in the endocardium and neural crest during early mouse heart development. Gene-targeted deletion of ETS-1 in mice in a C57/B6 background causes, with high penetrance, large membranous ventricular septal defects and a bifid cardiac apex, and less frequently a non-apex-forming left ventricle (one of the hallmarks of HLHS). Our results implicate an important role for the ETS-1 transcription factor in mammalian heart development and should provide important insights into some of the most common forms of congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqing Ye
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, USA
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