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Szoszkiewicz A, Bukowska-Olech E, Jamsheer A. Molecular landscape of congenital vertebral malformations: recent discoveries and future directions. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:32. [PMID: 38291488 PMCID: PMC10829358 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertebral malformations (VMs) pose a significant global health problem, causing chronic pain and disability. Vertebral defects occur as isolated conditions or within the spectrum of various congenital disorders, such as Klippel-Feil syndrome, congenital scoliosis, spondylocostal dysostosis, sacral agenesis, and neural tube defects. Although both genetic abnormalities and environmental factors can contribute to abnormal vertebral development, our knowledge on molecular mechanisms of numerous VMs is still limited. Furthermore, there is a lack of resource that consolidates the current knowledge in this field. In this pioneering review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the latest research on the molecular basis of VMs and the association of the VMs-related causative genes with bone developmental signaling pathways. Our study identifies 118 genes linked to VMs, with 98 genes involved in biological pathways crucial for the formation of the vertebral column. Overall, the review summarizes the current knowledge on VM genetics, and provides new insights into potential involvement of biological pathways in VM pathogenesis. We also present an overview of available data regarding the role of epigenetic and environmental factors in VMs. We identify areas where knowledge is lacking, such as precise molecular mechanisms in which specific genes contribute to the development of VMs. Finally, we propose future research avenues that could address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szoszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Bukowska-Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Dąbrowskiego 77A, 60-529, Poznan, Poland.
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Tüysüz B, Kasap B, Sarıtaş M, Alkaya DU, Bozlak S, Kıykım A, Durmaz A, Yıldırım T, Akpınar E, Apak H, Vural M. Natural history and genetic spectrum of the Turkish metaphyseal dysplasia cohort, including rare types caused by biallelic COL10A1, COL2A1, and LBR variants. Bone 2023; 167:116614. [PMID: 36400164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaphyseal chondrodysplasias are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by short and bowed long bones and metaphyseal abnormality. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic etiology and prognostic findings in patients with metaphyseal dysplasia. METHODS Twenty-four Turkish patients were included in this study and 13 of them were followed for 2-21 years. COL10A1, RMRP sequencing and whole exome sequencing were performed. RESULTS Results: Seven heterozygous pathogenic variants in COL10A1 were detected in 17 patients with Schmid type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia(MCDS). The phenotype was more severe in patients with heterozygous missense variants (one in signal peptide domain at the N-terminus of the protein, the other, class-1 group mutation at NC1 domain) compared to the patients with truncating variants. Short stature and coxa vara deformity appeared after 3 and 5 years of age, respectively, while large femoral head resolved after the age of 13 years in MCDS group. Interestingly, one patient with severe phenotype also had a biallelic missense variant in NC1 domain of COL10A1. Three patients with biallelic mutations in RMRP had prenatal onset short stature with short limb, and typical findings of cartilage hair hypoplasia (CHH). While immunodeficiency or recurrent infections were not observed, resistant congenital anemia was detected in one. Biallelic mutation in LBR was described in a patient with prenatal onset short stature, short and curved limb and metaphyseal abnormalities. Unlike previously reported patients, this patient had ectodermal findings, similar to CHH. A biallelic COL2A1 mutation was also found in the patient with lower limb deformities and metaphyseal involvement without vertebral and epiphyseal changes. CONCLUSION Long-term clinical characteristics are presented in a metaphyseal dysplasia cohort, including rare types caused by biallelic COL10A1, COL2A1, and LBR variants. We also point out that the domains where mutations on COL10A1 take place are important in the genotype-phenotype relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyhan Tüysüz
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Büşra Kasap
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Sarıtaş
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Uludağ Alkaya
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bozlak
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Kıykım
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asude Durmaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Timur Yıldırım
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evren Akpınar
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Apak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Vural
- Department of Neonatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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Thomas Q, Motta M, Gautier T, Zaki MS, Ciolfi A, Paccaud J, Girodon F, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Besnard T, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Masson A, Denommé-Pichon AS, Cogné B, Trochu E, Vignard V, El It F, Rodan LH, Alkhateeb MA, Jamra RA, Duplomb L, Tisserant E, Duffourd Y, Bruel AL, Jackson A, Banka S, McEntagart M, Saggar A, Gleeson JG, Sievert D, Bae H, Lee BH, Kwon K, Seo GH, Lee H, Saeed A, Anjum N, Cheema H, Alawbathani S, Khan I, Pinto-Basto J, Teoh J, Wong J, Sahari UBM, Houlden H, Zhelcheska K, Pannetier M, Awad MA, Lesieur-Sebellin M, Barcia G, Amiel J, Delanne J, Philippe C, Faivre L, Odent S, Bertoli-Avella A, Thauvin C, Sadikovic B, Reversade B, Maroofian R, Govin J, Tartaglia M, Vitobello A. Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in TMEM147 cause moderate to profound intellectual disability with facial dysmorphism and pseudo-Pelger-Huët anomaly. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1909-1922. [PMID: 36044892 PMCID: PMC9606387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane protein TMEM147 has a dual function: first at the nuclear envelope, where it anchors lamin B receptor (LBR) to the inner membrane, and second at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it facilitates the translation of nascent polypeptides within the ribosome-bound TMCO1 translocon complex. Through international data sharing, we identified 23 individuals from 15 unrelated families with bi-allelic TMEM147 loss-of-function variants, including splice-site, nonsense, frameshift, and missense variants. These affected children displayed congruent clinical features including coarse facies, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. In silico structural analyses predicted disruptive consequences of the identified amino acid substitutions on translocon complex assembly and/or function, and in vitro analyses documented accelerated protein degradation via the autophagy-lysosomal-mediated pathway. Furthermore, TMEM147-deficient cells showed CKAP4 (CLIMP-63) and RTN4 (NOGO) upregulation with a concomitant reorientation of the ER, which was also witnessed in primary fibroblast cell culture. LBR mislocalization and nuclear segmentation was observed in primary fibroblast cells. Abnormal nuclear segmentation and chromatin compaction were also observed in approximately 20% of neutrophils, indicating the presence of a pseudo-Pelger-Huët anomaly. Finally, co-expression analysis revealed significant correlation with neurodevelopmental genes in the brain, further supporting a role of TMEM147 in neurodevelopment. Our findings provide clinical, genetic, and functional evidence that bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in TMEM147 cause syndromic intellectual disability due to ER-translocon and nuclear organization dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Thomas
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.
| | - Marialetizia Motta
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Thierry Gautier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Julien Paccaud
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - François Girodon
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Biology Division, Department of Biological Hematology, Dijon Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Université Paris Cité, UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Inserm, 75019 Paris, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, reference center for leukodystrophies, APHP, Hopital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Besnard
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jennifer Kerkhof
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Haley McConkey
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Aymeric Masson
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Eva Trochu
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Virginie Vignard
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, l'Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Fatima El It
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lance H Rodan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurence Duplomb
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emilie Tisserant
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Adam Jackson
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Meriel McEntagart
- Medical Genetics, St George's University Hospitals NHS FT, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Anand Saggar
- Medical Genetics, St George's University Hospitals NHS FT, London SW17 0RE, UK; The Portland Hospital, 205-209 Great Portland St, London W1W 5AH, UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Sievert
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hyunwoo Bae
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Hane Lee
- 3billion, Inc, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anjum Saeed
- Children's Hospital and University of Child Health Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Anjum
- Children's Hospital and University of Child Health Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Huma Cheema
- Children's Hospital and University of Child Health Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Joyce Teoh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Wong
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Umar Bin Mohamad Sahari
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Kristina Zhelcheska
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Melanie Pannetier
- Service d'Hématologie cellulaire et hémostase bioclinique, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Mona A Awad
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marion Lesieur-Sebellin
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfant Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Barcia
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfant Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfant Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Julian Delanne
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence maladies rares « Anomalies du Développement et syndromes malformatifs », Centre de Génétique, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence maladies rares « Anomalies du Développement et syndromes malformatifs », Centre de Génétique, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence Anomalies du Développement CLAD Ouest, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France; Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, CNRS Inserm UMR 6290, ERL 1305, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Christel Thauvin
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Centre de référence maladies rares « déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares », Centre de Génétique, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A(∗)STAR, Singapore, Singapore; Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; Smart-Health Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Jérôme Govin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
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Genetic architecture of band neutrophil fraction in Iceland. Commun Biol 2022; 5:525. [PMID: 35650273 PMCID: PMC9160026 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristic lobulated nuclear morphology of granulocytes is partially determined by composition of nuclear envelope proteins. Abnormal nuclear morphology is primarily observed as an increased number of hypolobulated immature neutrophils, called band cells, during infection or in rare envelopathies like Pelger-Huët anomaly. To search for sequence variants affecting nuclear morphology of granulocytes, we performed a genome-wide association study using band neutrophil fraction from 88,101 Icelanders. We describe 13 sequence variants affecting band neutrophil fraction at nine loci. Five of the variants are at the Lamin B receptor (LBR) locus, encoding an inner nuclear membrane protein. Mutations in LBR are linked to Pelger-Huët anomaly. In addition, we identify cosegregation of a rare stop-gain sequence variant in LBR and Pelger Huët anomaly in an Icelandic eight generation pedigree, initially reported in 1963. Two of the other loci include genes which, like LBR, play a role in the nuclear membrane function and integrity. These GWAS results highlight the role proteins of the inner nuclear membrane have as important for neutrophil nuclear morphology. A GWAS in Iceland reveals that variants in inner nuclear membrane proteins are associated with nuclear morphology of granulocytes and band neutrophil fraction.
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Pawar S, Kutay U. The Diverse Cellular Functions of Inner Nuclear Membrane Proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 13:a040477. [PMID: 33753404 PMCID: PMC8411953 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear compartment is delimited by a specialized expanded sheet of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) known as the nuclear envelope (NE). Compared to the outer nuclear membrane and the contiguous peripheral ER, the inner nuclear membrane (INM) houses a unique set of transmembrane proteins that serve a staggering range of functions. Many of these functions reflect the exceptional position of INM proteins at the membrane-chromatin interface. Recent research revealed that numerous INM proteins perform crucial roles in chromatin organization, regulation of gene expression, genome stability, and mediation of signaling pathways into the nucleus. Other INM proteins establish mechanical links between chromatin and the cytoskeleton, help NE remodeling, or contribute to the surveillance of NE integrity and homeostasis. As INM proteins continue to gain prominence, we review these advancements and give an overview on the functional versatility of the INM proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Pawar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Kutay
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Collins M, Miranda V, Rousseau J, Kratz LE, Campeau PM. A homozygous variant in the Lamin B receptor gene LBR results in a non-lethal skeletal dysplasia without Pelger-Huët anomaly. Bone 2020; 141:115601. [PMID: 32827848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lamin B receptor, a member of the sterol reductase family, is an inner nuclear membrane protein which binds lamin B proteins and is involved in the organization of heterochromatin. Mutations in LBR have been associated with a variety of disorders, such as Pelger-Huët anomaly, a benign abnormality affecting neutrophils, and Greenberg Dysplasia, a lethal condition in the perinatal period. We identified a homozygous LBR missense mutation (NM_002296.4: c.1366C > G, p.(Leu456Val)) in two adult sisters with a Lamin B receptor-related disorder associated with a skeletal dysplasia milder than Greenberg Dysplasia. Individual 1 has short stature with short limbs (mostly rhizomelic for the upper extremities, and mesomelic for the lower extremities), limited elbow extension. She required Achilles tenotomy, and does not have facial dysmorphisms. Individual 2 has similar skeletal features, but also has bowed femurs, osteopenia, spastic paraplegia of the lower limbs, equinovarus feet, a single kidney, neurogenic bladder, obstructive hydronephrosis, scoliosis and syndactyly of the toes. This report provides additional evidence of variability for Lamin B receptor-related disorders associated with a non-lethal skeletal dysplasia without Pelger-Huët anomaly. We describe a novel pathogenic variant that has not been previously associated with disease and demonstrate the effect of this variant on sterol C14-reductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan Collins
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valancy Miranda
- Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Rousseau
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa E Kratz
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Medical Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Gregersen PA, McKay V, Walsh M, Brown E, McGillivray G, Savarirayan R. A new case of Greenberg dysplasia and literature review suggest that Greenberg dysplasia, dappled diaphyseal dysplasia, and Astley-Kendall dysplasia are allelic disorders. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1173. [PMID: 32304187 PMCID: PMC7284023 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greenberg dysplasia is a rare, autosomal recessive, prenatal lethal bone dysplasia caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the lamin B receptor (LBR) gene. Pathogenic variants in LBR are also associated with Pelger-Huët anomaly, an autosomal dominant benign abnormality of the nuclear shape and chromatin organization of blood granulocytes, and Pelger-Huët anomaly with variable skeletal anomalies, a mild, regressing to moderate-severe autosomal recessive condition. Conditions with abnormal sterol metabolism and different genetic basis have clinical and radiographic features similar to Greenberg dysplasia, for example X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata, Conradi-Hünermann type, and CHILD syndrome, and other conditions with unknown genetic etiology display very similar features, for example, dappled diaphyseal dysplasia and Astley-Kendall dysplasia. METHODS We present a fetus with typical clinical and radiographic features of Greenberg dysplasia, and review the literature. RESULTS Genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis Greenberg dysplasia: homozygosity for a pathogenic variant in LBR. CONCLUSION Comparing the clinical and radiographic phenotypes of Greenberg dysplasia, dappled diaphyseal dysplasia, and Astley-Kendall dysplasia, we suggest that these are allelic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille A. Gregersen
- Department of Clinical GeneticsAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineCentre for Rare DiseasesAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesThe Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Victoria McKay
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMerseyside and Cheshire Regional Clinical Genetics ServiceLiverpool Women’s NHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK
| | - Maie Walsh
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesThe Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Erica Brown
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesRoyal Women’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - George McGillivray
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesThe Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesRoyal Women’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Ravi Savarirayan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics ServicesThe Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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Thompson E, Abdalla E, Superti-Furga A, McAlister W, Kratz L, Unger S, Royer-Bertrand B, Campos-Xavier B, Mittaz-Crettol L, Amin AK, DeSanto C, Wilson DB, Douglas G, Kozel B, Shinawi M. Lamin B receptor-related disorder is associated with a spectrum of skeletal dysplasia phenotypes. Bone 2019; 120:354-363. [PMID: 30448303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
LBR (Lamin B Receptor) encodes a bifunctional protein important for cholesterol biosynthesis and heterochromatin organization on the inner nuclear membrane. Pathogenic variants in LBR are associated with marked phenotypic variability, ranging from the benign Pelger-Huët anomaly to lethal Greenberg Dysplasia. We performed trio exome sequencing (ES) on two patients with atypical variants of skeletal dysplasia and their unaffected parents. Patient 1 exhibited frontal bossing, mid-face hypoplasia, short stature with rhizomelic limb shortening, and relative macrocephaly at birth. Although remained short, Patient 1 later showed spontaneous improvement in her skeletal findings. Exome sequencing revealed two novel variants in LBR, c.1504C > G (p.Arg502Gly) in exon 12 and c.1748G > T (p.Arg583Leu) in exon 14, which were inherited from her unaffected father and mother, respectively. Sterol analysis revealed an increased level of cholesta‑8,14‑dien‑3β‑ol to 2.9% of total sterols, consistent with a functional deficiency of 3β‑hydroxysterol Δ14‑reductase. Patient 2 presented at birth with short stature and marked rhizomelic limb shortening but later exhibited decreasing severity of shortening of the long bones and improvement in the radiographic skeletal abnormalities although he continued to be significantly short at age 10 years. Exome sequencing revealed that Patient 2 is homozygous for a pathogenic variant c.1534C > T (p.Arg512Trp) in exon 12 of LBR, which was inherited from his unaffected consanguineous parents. This report provides further evidence for a phenotypic spectrum of LBR-associated disorders and expands the genotypic spectrum by describing 3 novel disease-causing variants that have not been previously associated with a disease. Moreover, our data on Patient 1 demonstrate that variants throughout the gene appear to influence both the sterol reductase and nuclear functions of LBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William McAlister
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa Kratz
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheila Unger
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beryl Royer-Bertrand
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Belinda Campos-Xavier
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laureane Mittaz-Crettol
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Asmaa K Amin
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Cori DeSanto
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David B Wilson
- Departments of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Beth Kozel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Giorgio E, Sirchia F, Bosco M, Sobreira NLM, Grosso E, Brussino A, Brusco A. A novel case of Greenberg dysplasia and genotype-phenotype correlation analysis for LBR pathogenic variants: An instructive example of one gene-multiple phenotypes. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:306-311. [PMID: 30561119 PMCID: PMC6349533 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is an autosomal recessive, perinatal lethal disorder associated with biallelic variants affecting the lamin B receptor (LBR) gene. LBR is also associated with the autosomal recessive anadysplasia-like spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, and the autosomal dominant Pelger-Huët anomaly, a benign laminopathy characterized by anomalies in the nuclear shape of blood granulocytes. The LBR is an inner nuclear membrane protein that binds lamin B proteins (LMNB1 and LMNB2), interacts with chromatin, and exerts a sterol reductase activity. Here, we report on a novel LBR missense variant [c.1379A>G; p.(D460R)], identified by whole exome sequencing and causing Greenberg dysplasia in two fetuses from a consanguineous Moroccan family. We revised published LBR variants to propose a genotype-phenotype correlation in LBR associated diseases. The diverse phenotypes are correlated to the functional domain affected, the heterozygous or homozygous state of the variants, and their different impact on the residual protein function. LBR represents an instructive example of one gene presenting with two different patterns of inheritance and at least three different clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giorgio
- University of Torino, Department of Medical Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - Fabio Sirchia
- University of Trieste, IRCCS Burlo Garofalo, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials Institute for Maternal Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martino Bosco
- San Lazzaro Hospital, Pathological Anatomy and Histology unit, Alba, Italy
| | - Nara Lygia M. Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Enrico Grosso
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Medical Genetics Unit, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Alfredo Brusco
- University of Torino, Department of Medical Sciences, Torino, Italy
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Medical Genetics Unit, Torino, Italy
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10
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Wehrle A, Witkos TM, Schneider JC, Hoppmann A, Behringer S, Köttgen A, Elting M, Spranger J, Lowe M, Lausch E. A common pathomechanism in GMAP-210- and LBR-related diseases. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121150. [PMID: 30518689 PMCID: PMC6328090 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in TRIP11, encoding the golgin GMAP-210, cause the lethal human chondrodysplasia achondrogenesis 1A (ACG1A). We now find that a homozygous splice-site mutation of the lamin B receptor (LBR) gene results in the same phenotype. Intrigued by the genetic heterogeneity, we compared GMAP-210- and LBR-deficient primary cells to unravel how particular mutations in LBR cause a phenocopy of ACG1A. We could exclude a regulatory interaction between LBR and GMAP-210 in patients' cells. However, we discovered a common disruption of Golgi apparatus architecture that was accompanied by decreased secretory trafficking in both cases. Deficiency of Golgi-dependent glycan processing indicated a similar downstream effect of the disease-causing mutations upon Golgi function. Unexpectedly, our results thus point to a common pathogenic mechanism in GMAP-210- and LBR-related diseases attributable to defective secretory trafficking at the Golgi apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Wehrle
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz M. Witkos
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Judith C. Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sidney Behringer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mariet Elting
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Spranger
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lowe
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Janin A, Bauer D, Ratti F, Millat G, Méjat A. Nuclear envelopathies: a complex LINC between nuclear envelope and pathology. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017; 12:147. [PMID: 28854936 PMCID: PMC5577761 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-017-0698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the identification of the first disease causing mutation in the gene coding for emerin, a transmembrane protein of the inner nuclear membrane, hundreds of mutations and variants have been found in genes encoding for nuclear envelope components. These proteins can be part of the inner nuclear membrane (INM), such as emerin or SUN proteins, outer nuclear membrane (ONM), such as Nesprins, or the nuclear lamina, such as lamins A and C. However, they physically interact with each other to insure the nuclear envelope integrity and mediate the interactions of the nuclear envelope with both the genome, on the inner side, and the cytoskeleton, on the outer side. The core of this complex, called LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton to Cytoskeleton) is composed of KASH and SUN homology domain proteins. SUN proteins are INM proteins which interact with lamins by their N-terminal domain and with the KASH domain of nesprins located in the ONM by their C-terminal domain.Although most of these proteins are ubiquitously expressed, their mutations have been associated with a large number of clinically unrelated pathologies affecting specific tissues. Moreover, variants in SUN proteins have been found to modulate the severity of diseases induced by mutations in other LINC components or interactors. For these reasons, the diagnosis and the identification of the molecular explanation of "nuclear envelopathies" is currently challenging.The aim of this review is to summarize the human diseases caused by mutations in genes coding for INM proteins, nuclear lamina, and ONM proteins, and to discuss their potential physiopathological mechanisms that could explain the large spectrum of observed symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Janin
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Bauer
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francesca Ratti
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Millat
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Méjat
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGène, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS UMR 5310, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,INSERM U1217, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,Nuclear Architecture Team, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217 - Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France. .,Groupement Hospitalier Est - Centre de Biologie Est - Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
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12
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Sobreira N, Schiettecatte F, Boehm C, Valle D, Hamosh A. New tools for Mendelian disease gene identification: PhenoDB variant analysis module; and GeneMatcher, a web-based tool for linking investigators with an interest in the same gene. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:425-31. [PMID: 25684268 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the causative variant from among the thousands identified by whole-exome sequencing or whole-genome sequencing is a formidable challenge. To make this process as efficient and flexible as possible, we have developed a Variant Analysis Module coupled to our previously described Web-based phenotype intake tool, PhenoDB (http://researchphenodb.net and http://phenodb.org). When a small number of candidate-causative variants have been identified in a study of a particular patient or family, a second, more difficult challenge becomes proof of causality for any given variant. One approach to this problem is to find other cases with a similar phenotype and mutations in the same candidate gene. Alternatively, it may be possible to develop biological evidence for causality, an approach that is assisted by making connections to basic scientists studying the gene of interest, often in the setting of a model organism. Both of these strategies benefit from an open access, online site where individual clinicians and investigators could post genes of interest. To this end, we developed GeneMatcher (http://genematcher.org), a freely accessible Website that enables connections between clinicians and researchers across the world who share an interest in the same gene(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
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