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Bousquet CAH, Sueur C, King AJ, O'Bryan LR. Individual and ecological heterogeneity promote complex communication in social vertebrate group decisions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230204. [PMID: 38768211 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To receive the benefits of social living, individuals must make effective group decisions that enable them to achieve behavioural coordination and maintain cohesion. However, heterogeneity in the physical and social environments surrounding group decision-making contexts can increase the level of difficulty social organisms face in making decisions. Groups that live in variable physical environments (high ecological heterogeneity) can experience barriers to information transfer and increased levels of ecological uncertainty. In addition, in groups with large phenotypic variation (high individual heterogeneity), individuals can have substantial conflicts of interest regarding the timing and nature of activities, making it difficult for them to coordinate their behaviours or reach a consensus. In such cases, active communication can increase individuals' abilities to achieve coordination, such as by facilitating the transfer and aggregation of information about the environment or individual behavioural preferences. Here, we review the role of communication in vertebrate group decision-making and its relationship to heterogeneity in the ecological and social environment surrounding group decision-making contexts. We propose that complex communication has evolved to facilitate decision-making in specific socio-ecological contexts, and we provide a framework for studying this topic and testing related hypotheses as part of future research in this area. This article is part of the theme issue 'The power of sound: unravelling how acoustic communication shapes group dynamics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe A H Bousquet
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz , Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz , Konstanz 78457, Germany
| | - Cédric Sueur
- Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien , Strasbourg 67000, France
- Institut Universitaire de France , Paris 75005, France
| | - Andrew J King
- Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Lisa R O'Bryan
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University , Houston, TX 77005, USA
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2
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Xie B, Brask JB, Dabelsteen T, Briefer EF. Exploring the role of vocalizations in regulating group dynamics. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230183. [PMID: 38768197 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Because of the diverging needs of individuals, group life can lead to disputes and competition, but it also has many advantages, such as reduced predation risk, information sharing and increased hunting success. Social animals have to maintain group cohesion and need to synchronize activities, such as foraging, resting, social interactions and movements, in order to thrive in groups. Acoustic signals are highly relevant for social dynamics, some because they are long-ranging and others because they are short-ranging, which may serve important within-group functions. However, although there has been an increase in studies concentrating on acoustic communication within groups in the past decade, many aspects of how vocalizations relate to group dynamics are still poorly understood. The aim of this review is to present an overview of our current knowledge on the role of vocalizations in regulating social group dynamics, identify knowledge gaps and recommend potential future research directions. We review the role that vocalizations play in (i) collective movement, (ii) separation risk and cohesion maintenance, (iii) fission-fusion dynamics, and (iv) social networks. We recommend that future studies aim to increase the diversity of studied species and strengthen the integration of state-of-the-art tools to study social dynamics and acoustic signals. This article is part of the theme issue 'The power of sound: unravelling how acoustic communication shapes group dynamics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xie
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Section for Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Josefine B Brask
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Section for Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Torben Dabelsteen
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Section for Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Elodie F Briefer
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Section for Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
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3
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Gallo A, De Moura Lima A, Böye M, Hausberger M, Lemasson A. Study of repertoire use reveals unexpected context-dependent vocalizations in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2023; 110:56. [PMID: 38060031 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-023-01884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Dolphins are known for their complex vocal communication, not least because of their capacity for acoustic plasticity. Paradoxically, we know little about their capacity for flexible vocal use. The difficulty in describing the behaviours performed underwater while vocalizing makes it difficult to analyse the contexts of emissions. Dolphins' main vocal categories are typically considered to be used for scanning the environment (clicks), agonistic encounters (burst pulses) and socio-affiliative interactions (whistles). Dolphins can also combine these categories in mixed vocal emissions, whose use remains unclear. To better understand how vocalizations are used, we simultaneously recorded vocal production and the associated behaviours by conducting underwater observations (N = 479 events) on a group of 7 bottlenose dolphins under human care. Our results showed a non-random association between vocal categories and behavioural contexts. Precisely, clicks were preferentially emitted during affiliative interactions and not during other social/solitary contexts, supporting a possible complementary communicative function. Burst pulses were associated to high arousal contexts (agonistic and social play), pinpointing on their use as an "emotively charged" signal. Whistles were related to solitary swimming and not preferentially produced in any social context. This questions whistles' functions and supports their potential role as a distant contact call. Finally, mixed vocalizations were especially found associated with sexual (bust pulse-whistle-click), solitary play (burst pulse-whistle) and affiliative (click-whistle) behaviours. Depending on the case, their emission seems to confirm, modify or refine the functions of their simple counterparts. These results open up new avenues of research into the contextual use of dolphin acoustic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gallo
- Laboratoire d'Ethologie Animale Et Humaine, Université de Rennes, Université de Caen-Normandie, UMR 6552, Rennes, France.
- UMR 8002, Integrative Center for Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Centre de Recherche Et d'Études Pour L'Animal Sauvage (CREAS), Port Saint Père, France.
| | - Alice De Moura Lima
- Laboratoire d'Ethologie Animale Et Humaine, Université de Rennes, Université de Caen-Normandie, UMR 6552, Rennes, France
- Centre de Recherche Et d'Études Pour L'Animal Sauvage (CREAS), Port Saint Père, France
| | - Martin Böye
- Centre de Recherche Et d'Études Pour L'Animal Sauvage (CREAS), Port Saint Père, France
| | - Martine Hausberger
- UMR 8002, Integrative Center for Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Alban Lemasson
- Laboratoire d'Ethologie Animale Et Humaine, Université de Rennes, Université de Caen-Normandie, UMR 6552, Rennes, France
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4
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Meunier B, Durier V, Giacalone A, Coye C, Lemasson A. Social factors drive vocal exchanges in red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2023; 110:2. [PMID: 36651987 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-023-01830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Of all the calls made by non-human primates, the function of short-distance contact calls has largely remained to be determined. These calls are the most frequent in the repertoire and are most often exchanged between individuals in a non-random way. To our knowledge, no study has ever examined how vocal exchanges are structured in red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus), a semi-terrestrial monkey living in the African forest with a complex semi-tolerant/semi-despotic social system. Our goal was to assess the organization of contact call exchanges in this species and their relationship with individual and social factors such as age, affinity, and hierarchy. Therefore, we observed several captive groups of red-capped mangabeys and collected data on vocal behavior, as well as grooming, agonistic behavior, and spatial proximity. We defined a vocal exchange in this species as a series of contact calls made by two or more individuals within a maximum inter-caller interval of 2 s. At the individual level, the higher the individual's hierarchical rank, the less they initiated exchanges. Furthermore, the most socially integrated individuals had a longer average response time than the less integrated ones. At the dyadic level, preferred exchange partners were individuals often observed near one other or individuals most distant in age. Also, the further apart two individuals were in the dominance hierarchy, the shorter the response time. Our results support both the social bonding hypothesis and a modulating key role of the dominance hierarchy on the social use of contact calls, which is in line with the social style of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Meunier
- Université de Rennes, Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) - U.M.R 6552, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Virginie Durier
- Université de Rennes, Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) - U.M.R 6552, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Aline Giacalone
- Université de Rennes, Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) - U.M.R 6552, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Camille Coye
- Université de Rennes, Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) - U.M.R 6552, F-35000, Rennes, France.,Institut jean Nicod, Département d'études cognitives, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alban Lemasson
- Université de Rennes, Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) - U.M.R 6552, F-35000, Rennes, France.,Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes, Cedex 05, 75231, Paris, France
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5
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Abreu F, Pika S. Turn-taking skills in mammals: A systematic review into development and acquisition. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.987253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
How human language evolved remains one of the most intriguing questions in science, and different approaches have been used to tackle this question. A recent hypothesis, the Interaction Engine Hypothesis, postulates that language was made possible through the special capacity for social interaction involving different social cognitive skills (e.g., joint attention, common ground) and specific characteristics such as face-to-face interaction, mutual gaze and turn-taking, the exchange of rapid communicative turns. Recently, it has been argued that this turn-taking infrastructure may be a foundational and ancient mechanism of the layered system of language because communicative turn-taking has been found in human infants and across several non-human primate species. Moreover, there is some evidence for turn-taking in different mammalian taxa, especially those capable of vocal learning. Surprisingly, however, the existing studies have mainly focused on turn-taking production of adult individuals, while little is known about its emergence and development in young individuals. Hence, the aim of the current paper was 2-fold: First, we carried out a systematic review of turn-taking development and acquisition in mammals to evaluate possible research bias and existing gaps. Second, we highlight research avenues to spur more research into this domain and investigate if distinct turn-taking elements can be found in other non-human animal species. Since mammals exhibit an extended development period, including learning and strong parental care, they represent an excellent model group in which to investigate the acquisition and development of turn-taking abilities. We performed a systematic review including a wide range of terms and found 21 studies presenting findings on turn-taking abilities in infants and juveniles. Most of these studies were from the last decade, showing an increased interest in this field over the years. Overall, we found a considerable variation in the terminologies and methodological approaches used. In addition, studies investigating turn-taking abilities across different development periods and in relation to different social partners were very rare, thereby hampering direct, systematic comparisons within and across species. Nonetheless, the results of some studies suggested that specific turn-taking elements are innate, while others are acquired during development (e.g., flexibility). Finally, we pinpoint fruitful research avenues and hypotheses to move the field of turn-taking development forward and improve our understanding of the impact of turn-taking on language evolution.
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Cornec C, Ngofuna M, Lemasson A, Monghiemo C, Narat V, Levréro F. A pilot study of calling patterns and vocal turn-taking in wild bonobos Pan paniscus. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2022.2044387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Cornec
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Étienne, CNRS, Équipe Neuro-Éthologie Sensorielle, ENES/CRNL UMR 5292, INSERM UMR_S 1028, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | - Alban Lemasson
- Éthologie Animale et Humaine, Université de Rennes/Université de Normandie, CNRS, EthoS – UMR 6552, Rennes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Victor Narat
- Éco-Anthropologie, CNRS/MNHN/Université de Paris, France
| | - Florence Levréro
- Université Jean Monnet de Saint Étienne, CNRS, Équipe Neuro-Éthologie Sensorielle, ENES/CRNL UMR 5292, INSERM UMR_S 1028, Saint-Étienne, France
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7
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Salmi R, Jones CE, Carrigan J. Who is there? Captive western gorillas distinguish human voices based on familiarity and nature of previous interactions. Anim Cogn 2022; 25:217-228. [PMID: 34390429 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-021-01543-y/figures/4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The ability to recognize conspecifics by their acoustic signals is of crucial importance to social animals, especially where visibility is limited, because it allows for discrimination between familiar and unfamiliar individuals and facilitates associations with and the avoidance of particular conspecifics. Animals may also benefit from an ability to recognize and use the information coded into the auditory signals of other species. Companion species such as dogs, cats, and horses are able to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar human voices; however, whether this ability is widespread across vertebrates is still unknown. Using playback experiments, we tested whether western gorillas living at Zoo Atlanta were able to discriminate between the voices of subgroups of people: i.e., unfamiliar individuals, familiar individuals with whom the gorillas had positive interactions, and familiar individuals with whom they had negative interactions. Gorillas responded significantly more often (longer gazing duration, higher gazing frequency, shorter latency, and larger number of distress behaviors) to the voices of unfamiliar and familiar-negative individuals than to those of familiar-positive individuals, indicating that they recognized the voices of subgroup of people based on familiarity and possibly the nature of the relationship with them. Future studies should determine whether this is also the case in the wild, where interspecific associations with humans are less intense than they are in captive settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Salmi
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Geography, Center for Geospatial Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Caroline E Jones
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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8
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Pougnault L, Lemasson A, Mulot B, Levréro F. Temporal calling patterns of a captive group of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). INT J PRIMATOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-021-00262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Who is there? Captive western gorillas distinguish human voices based on familiarity and nature of previous interactions. Anim Cogn 2021; 25:217-228. [PMID: 34390429 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-021-01543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to recognize conspecifics by their acoustic signals is of crucial importance to social animals, especially where visibility is limited, because it allows for discrimination between familiar and unfamiliar individuals and facilitates associations with and the avoidance of particular conspecifics. Animals may also benefit from an ability to recognize and use the information coded into the auditory signals of other species. Companion species such as dogs, cats, and horses are able to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar human voices; however, whether this ability is widespread across vertebrates is still unknown. Using playback experiments, we tested whether western gorillas living at Zoo Atlanta were able to discriminate between the voices of subgroups of people: i.e., unfamiliar individuals, familiar individuals with whom the gorillas had positive interactions, and familiar individuals with whom they had negative interactions. Gorillas responded significantly more often (longer gazing duration, higher gazing frequency, shorter latency, and larger number of distress behaviors) to the voices of unfamiliar and familiar-negative individuals than to those of familiar-positive individuals, indicating that they recognized the voices of subgroup of people based on familiarity and possibly the nature of the relationship with them. Future studies should determine whether this is also the case in the wild, where interspecific associations with humans are less intense than they are in captive settings.
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10
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Mercier S, Déaux EC, van de Waal E, Bono AEJ, Zuberbühler K. Correlates of social role and conflict severity in wild vervet monkey agonistic screams. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214640. [PMID: 31042731 PMCID: PMC6493722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Screams are acoustically distinct, high-pitched and high-amplitude calls, produced by many social species. Despite a wide range of production contexts, screams are characterised by an acoustic structure that appears to serve in altering the behaviour of targeted receivers during agonistic encounters. In chimpanzees, this can be achieved by callers producing acoustic variants that correlate with their identity, social role, relationship with the targeted recipient, the composition of the audience and the nature of the event. Although vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) have been studied for decades, not much is known about their agonistic screams. Here, we examined agonistic screams produced by wild vervet monkeys to investigate the degree to which caller identity, social role and conflict severity affected call structure. We found that screams were both individually distinctive and dependent of the agonistic events. In particular, victim screams were longer and higher-pitched than aggressor screams, while screams produced in severe conflicts (chases, physical contact) had higher entropy than those in mild conflicts. We discuss these findings in terms of their evolutionary significance and suggest that acoustic variation might serve to reduce the aggression level of opponents, while simultaneously attracting potential helpers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Mercier
- Department of Comparative Cognition, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, Vryheid, South Africa
| | - Eloïse C. Déaux
- Department of Comparative Cognition, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Erica van de Waal
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, Vryheid, South Africa
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anthropological Institute and Museum, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Axelle E. J. Bono
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, Vryheid, South Africa
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Zuberbühler
- Department of Comparative Cognition, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, Vryheid, South Africa
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom
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11
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Sehrsweeney M, Wilson DR, Bain M, Boutin S, Lane JE, McAdam AG, Dantzer B. The effects of stress and glucocorticoids on vocalizations: a test in North American red squirrels. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAcoustic signaling is an important means by which animals communicate both stable and labile characteristics. Although it is widely appreciated that vocalizations can convey information on labile state, such as fear and aggression, fewer studies have experimentally examined the acoustic expression of stress state. The transmission of such public information about physiological state could have broad implications, potentially influencing the behavior and life-history traits of neighbors. North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) produce vocalizations known as rattles that advertise territorial ownership. We examined the influence of changes in physiological stress state on rattle acoustic structure through the application of a stressor (trapping and handling the squirrels) and by provisioning squirrels with exogenous glucocorticoids (GCs). We characterized the acoustic structure of rattles emitted by these squirrels by measuring rattle duration, mean frequency, and entropy. We found evidence that rattles do indeed exhibit a “stress signature.” When squirrels were trapped and handled, they produced rattles that were longer in duration with a higher frequency and increased entropy. However, squirrels that were administered exogenous GCs had similar rattle duration, frequency, and entropy as squirrels that were fed control treatments and unfed squirrels. Our results indicate that short-term stress does affect the acoustic structure of vocalizations, but elevated circulating GC levels do not mediate such changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Sehrsweeney
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David R Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Maggie Bain
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeffrey E Lane
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew G McAdam
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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O'Bryan LR, Abaid N, Nakayama S, Dey T, King AJ, Cowlishaw G, Rubenstein DI, Garnier S. Contact Calls Facilitate Group Contraction in Free-Ranging Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Levréro F, Touitou S, Frédet J, Nairaud B, Guéry JP, Lemasson A. Social bonding drives vocal exchanges in Bonobos. Sci Rep 2019; 9:711. [PMID: 30679444 PMCID: PMC6346008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of human speech is still a hotly debated topic in science. Evidence of socially-guided acoustic flexibility and proto-conversational rules has been found in several monkey species, but is lacking in social and cooperative great apes. Here we investigated spontaneous vocal interactions within a peaceful context in captive bonobos to reveal that vocal interactions obey temporally and social rules. Dyadic vocal interactions were characterized by call overlap avoidance and short inter-call intervals. Bonobos preferentially responded to conspecifics with whom they maintained close bonds. We also found that vocal sharing rate (production rate of shared acoustic variants within each given dyad) was mostly explained by the age difference of callers, as other individual characteristics (sex, kinship) and social parameters (affinity in spatial proximity and in vocal interactions) were not. Our results show that great apes spontaneously display primitive conversation rules guided by social bonds. The demonstration that such coordinated vocal interactions are shared between monkeys, apes and humans fills a significant gap in our knowledge of vocal communication within the primate phylogeny and highlights the universal feature of social influence in vocal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Levréro
- Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Sonia Touitou
- Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Julia Frédet
- Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Nairaud
- Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Alban Lemasson
- Université de Rennes, EthoS "Ethologie Animale et Humaine," UMR 6552 -CNRS-Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
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14
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Coss RG, Cavanaugh C, Brennan W. Development of snake-directed antipredator behavior by wild white-faced capuchin monkeys: III. the signaling properties of alarm-call tonality. Am J Primatol 2019; 81:e22950. [PMID: 30664280 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In many primates, the acoustic properties of alarm calls can provide information on the level of perceived predatory threat as well as influence the antipredator behavior of nearby conspecifics. The present study examined the harmonics-to-noise ratio (tonality of spectral structure) of alarm calls emitted by white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus) in trees directed at photographic models of a boa constrictor, neotropical rattlesnake, scorpion eater snake, and white snake-shaped control presented on the ground. The average and peak harmonics-to-noise ratios of initial alarm calls by infants, juveniles, and adults and those of nearby second callers were analyzed using PRAAT software. Averaged for age class, the peak harmonics-to-noise ratio of alarm calls directed at the boa constrictor model, characterizing a primary capuchin predator, was reliably higher than the peak harmonics-to-noise ratio of alarm calls directed at the harmless scorpion eater model. This effect was influenced by the higher harmonics-to-noise ratio of infant alarm calls and it disconfirmed our prediction, based on primate vocalization research, that snake perception would increase arousal and alarm-call noisiness. Levels of call tonality did not distinguish the boa and rattlesnake or rattlesnake and scorpion eater models for any age class. Higher alarm-call tonality appeared contagious to nearby perceivers, with focal alarm calling influencing the level of tonality of the first calls of second callers. Together, these findings suggest that the higher peak harmonics-to-noise ratio of capuchin alarm calling directed at snakes is contagious and possibly conveys information about the level of perceived predatory threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Coss
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California.,Graduate Group in Animal Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Cailey Cavanaugh
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Whitney Brennan
- Graduate Group in Animal Behavior, University of California, Davis, California
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Ordóñez-Gómez JD, Santillán-Doherty AM, Fischer J, Hammerschmidt K. Acoustic variation of spider monkeys' contact calls (whinnies) is related to distance between vocalizing individuals and immediate caller behavior. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:e22747. [PMID: 29566275 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Due to several factors such as ecological conditions, group size, and social organization, primates frequently spend time out of visual contact with individuals of their own group. Through the use of long-distance vocalizations, often termed "contact calls," primates are able to maintain contact with out-of-sight individuals. Contact calls have been shown to be individually distinct, and reverberation and attenuation provide information about caller distance. It is less clear, however, whether callers actively change the structure of contact calls depending on the distance to the presumed listeners. We studied this question in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), a species with complex spatial dynamics (fission-fusion society) that produces highly frequency modulated contact calls, denominated "whinnies." We determined the acoustic characteristics of 566 whinnies recorded from 35 free-ranging spider monkeys that belong to a community located in Mexico, and used cluster analyses, discriminant function analyses, and generalized linear mixed models to assess if they varied in relation to the presumed distance to the listener. Whinnies could be grouped into five subtypes. Since the lowest frequency subtype was mainly produced by spider monkeys that exchanged whinnies at longer distances, and lower frequency calls propagate across longer distances, our results suggest that whinnies vary in order to enhance vocal contact between individuals separated by different distances. Our results also revealed that whinnies convey potential information about caller immediate behaviors and corroborated that these calls are individually distinct. Overall, our results suggest that whinny acoustic variation facilitates the maintenance of vocal contact between individuals living in a society with complex spatial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana M Santillán-Doherty
- Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julia Fischer
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kurt Hammerschmidt
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
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Ghazanfar AA, Liao DA. Constraints and flexibility during vocal development: Insights from marmoset monkeys. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2017; 21:27-32. [PMID: 29868626 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human vocal development is typically conceived as a sequence of two processes-an early maturation phase where vocal sounds change as a function of body growth ("constraints") followed by a period during which social experience can influence vocal sound production ("flexibility"). However, studies of other behaviors (e.g., locomotion) reveal that growth and experience are interactive throughout development. As it turns out, vocal development is not exceptional; it is also the on-going result of the interplay between an infant's growing biological system of production (the body and the nervous system) and experience with caregivers. Here, we review work on developing marmoset monkeys - a species that exhibits strikingly similar vocal developmental processes to those of prelinguistic human infants - that demonstrates how constraints and flexibility are parallel and interactive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif A Ghazanfar
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA, Ph. 609 258 9314.,Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA, Ph. 609 258 9314.,Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA, Ph. 609 258 9314
| | - Diana A Liao
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA, Ph. 609 258 9314
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17
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Syrová M, Policht R, Linhart P, Špinka M. Ontogeny of individual and litter identity signaling in grunts of piglets. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 142:3116. [PMID: 29195455 DOI: 10.1121/1.5010330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that animal vocalizations can signal individual identity and group/family membership. However, much less is known about the ontogeny of identity information-when and how this individual/group distinctiveness in vocalizations arises and how it changes during the animal's life. Recent findings suggest that even species that were thought to have limited vocal plasticity could adjust their calls to sound more similar to each other within a group. It has already been shown that sows can acoustically distinguish their own offspring from alien piglets and that litters differ in their calls. Surprisingly, individual identity in piglet calls has not been reported yet. In this paper, this gap is filled, and it is shown that there is information about piglet identity. Information about litter identity is confirmed as well. Individual identity increased with age, but litter vocal identity did not increase with age. The results were robust as a similar pattern was apparent in two situations differing in arousal: isolation and back-test. This paper argues that, in piglets, increased individual discrimination results from the rapid growth of piglets, which is likely to be associated with growth and diversification of the vocal tract rather than from social effects and vocal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Syrová
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, Prague Uhrineves, 104 00, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Policht
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, Prague Uhrineves, 104 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Linhart
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, Prague Uhrineves, 104 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Špinka
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, Prague Uhrineves, 104 00, Czech Republic
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18
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Rubow J, Cherry MI, Sharpe LL. A comparison of individual distinctiveness in three vocalizations of the dwarf mongoose (Helogale parvula
). Ethology 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Rubow
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Michael I. Cherry
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Lynda L. Sharpe
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch South Africa
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19
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Bolt LM, Tennenhouse E. Contact calling behaviour in the male ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta). Ethology 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Bolt
- Department of Anthropology; University of Toronto at Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
- Department of Anthropology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Erica Tennenhouse
- Department of Anthropology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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20
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21
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Calling for help: dwarf mongoose recruitment calls inform receivers about context and elicit disparate responses. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Predatory threat of harpy eagles for yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys in the Atlantic Forest. Primates 2016; 58:141-147. [PMID: 27485747 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-016-0557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe seven encounters between different harpy eagle individuals (Harpia harpyja) and a group of yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus xanthosternos) in Una Biological Reserve. These interactions lasted 58 min on average. In each of those encounters, the capuchin monkeys used particular behavioral strategies against the harpy eagle that were not employed in reaction to other aerial predators. We did not observe any successful predation events, but after one of those encounters an infant disappeared from the capuchin group. As a whole, these observations indicate that the presence of harpy eagles in the group's home range increases predation risk for capuchin monkeys. The present report also suggests a reoccupation by H. harpyja of this area, as no previous recent records identify harpy eagle occurrence in Una Biological Reserve.
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Gustison ML, Townsend SW. A survey of the context and structure of high- and low-amplitude calls in mammals. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chaverri G, Gillam EH. Repeatability in the contact calling system of Spix's disc-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor). ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2015; 2:140197. [PMID: 26064578 PMCID: PMC4448792 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spix's disc-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) forms cohesive groups despite using an extremely ephemeral roost, partly due to the use of two acoustic signals that help individuals locate roost sites and group members. While the calls that aid in group cohesion are commonly used, some bats rarely or never produce them. Here, we examine whether the differences observed in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor are repeatable; that is, whether individual differences are consistent. We recorded contact calls of individuals in the field and rates and patterns of vocalization. To determine whether measured variables were consistent within individuals, we estimated repeatability (R), which compares within-individual to among-individual variance in behavioural traits. Our results show that repeatability for call variables was moderate but significant, and that repeatability was highest for the average number of calls produced (R=0.46-0.49). Our results demonstrate important individual differences in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor; we discuss how these could be the result of mechanisms such as frequency-dependent selection that favour groups composed of individuals with diverse vocal strategies. Future work should address whether changes in social environment, specifically group membership and social status, affect vocal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin H. Gillam
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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26
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Warrington MH, McDonald PG, Griffith SC. Within-group vocal differentiation of individuals in the cooperatively breeding apostlebird. Behav Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Salmi R, Doran-Sheehy DM. The function of loud calls (Hoot Series) in wild western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2014; 155:379-91. [PMID: 25059429 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The use of loud vocal signals to reduce distance among separated social partners is well documented in many species; however, the underlying mechanisms by which the reduction of spacing occurs and how they differ across species remain unclear. Western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) offer an opportunity to investigate these issues because their vocal repertoire includes a loud, long-distance call (i.e., hoot series) that is potentially used in within-group communication, whereas mountain gorillas use an identical call exclusively during intergroup encounters. First, we tested whether the hoot series functions as a contact/separation call. Second, we examined which individuals were more likely to reply and which party was more responsible for decreasing distance to identify the underlying mechanisms and cognitive implications of hoot series. We collected behavioral, spatial, and acoustic data on five adult gorillas over 15 months at the Mondika Research Center (Republic of Congo and CAR). Hoot series are individually distinct calls and given by both male and female gorillas when separated from each other. Following hooting, the distance between separated group members decreased significantly; thus we concluded that western gorillas use this call to reestablish group cohesion. The way in which proximity was achieved depended upon listeners replying or not to the caller. Replies may indicate a conflict between callers about intended travel direction, with vocal interchanges serving to negotiate a consensus. Although the acoustic features of vocal signals are highly constrained in closely related species, our results demonstrate that the function and usage of particular calls can be flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Salmi
- Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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28
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Salmi R, Hammerschmidt K, Doran-Sheehy DM. Individual distinctiveness in call types of wild western female gorillas. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101940. [PMID: 25029238 PMCID: PMC4100815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Individually distinct vocalizations play an important role in animal communication, allowing call recipients to respond differentially based on caller identity. However, which of the many calls in a species' repertoire should have more acoustic variability and be more recognizable is less apparent. One proposed hypothesis is that calls used over long distances should be more distinct because visual cues are not available to identify the caller. An alternative hypothesis proposes that close calls should be more recognizable because of their importance in social interactions. To examine which hypothesis garners more support, the acoustic variation and individual distinctiveness of eight call types of six wild western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) females were investigated. Acoustic recordings of gorilla calls were collected at the Mondika Research Center (Republic of Congo). Acoustic variability was high in all gorilla calls. Similar high inter-individual variation and potential for identity coding (PIC) was found for all call types. Discriminant function analyses confirmed that all call types were individually distinct (although for call types with lowest sample size - hum, grumble and scream - this result cannot be generalized), suggesting that neither the distance at which communication occurs nor the call social function alone can explain the evolution of identity signaling in western gorilla communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Salmi
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Kurt Hammerschmidt
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Diane M. Doran-Sheehy
- Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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29
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Differential effects of chronic fluoxetine on the behavior of dominant and subordinate naked mole-rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 258:119-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Individual Variation of Whinnies Reflects Differences in Membership Between Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) Communities. INT J PRIMATOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-013-9736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Pflüger FJ, Fichtel C. On the function of redfronted lemur's close calls. Anim Cogn 2012; 15:823-31. [PMID: 22573307 PMCID: PMC3424289 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-012-0507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to maintain group cohesion, many social mammals and birds regularly produce close calls. In some primate species, close calls appear to have a dual function: calls addressed at a broad class of targets serve to maintain group cohesion, whereas the same calls directed at a specific target serve to regulate subsequent social interactions. Redfronted lemurs (Eulemur rufifrons) produce different types of close calls: grunts, long grunts, hoos and meows. In order to study the function of these calls, we conducted focal observations and vocal recordings from eight adult males and females out of four social groups in Kirindy Forest, Western Madagascar. Redfronted lemurs produce long grunts, hoos and meows at relatively low rates during foraging, resting or group movements, respectively. Grunts were given most often and more or less constantly during foraging and traveling. Calling rate increased when the risk of separation increased and may thus promote group cohesion. Grunts given during approaches of other group members resulted more often in friendly interactions than approaches that were not accompanied by a grunt. Thus, redfronted lemurs produce specific but also generic contact calls, whereas the latter calls have a dual function that varies depending on the addressed audience: they act as an auditory beacon to maintain group cohesion and serve as signals of benign intent to avoid costly conflicts and facilitating social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke J Pflüger
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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33
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Pollard KA. Making the most of alarm signals: the adaptive value of individual discrimination in an alarm context. Behav Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arq179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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34
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Fedigan LM, Jack KM. Two girls for every boy: The effects of group size and composition on the reproductive success of male and female white-faced capuchins. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2010; 144:317-26. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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36
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Yosida S, Okanoya K. Naked Mole-Rat is Sensitive to Social Hierarchy Encoded in Antiphonal Vocalization. Ethology 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01677.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Chen HC, Kaplan G, Rogers LJ. Contact calls of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): influence of age of caller on antiphonal calling and other vocal responses. Am J Primatol 2009; 71:165-70. [PMID: 19026011 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Marmosets, as do many other primates, live in forest environments, are group living and constantly at risk of predation. Retaining contact with one another is therefore a matter of survival. We ask here whether their contact calls (phee and twitter vocalizations) are in some way ordered acoustically by sex or age and whether the calls of older marmosets elicit different responses than those of younger marmosets. In our study, marmosets (2-14 years) were visually isolated from conspecifics and the vocal responses to each isolated caller by other marmosets in the colony were recorded. Vocal responses to phee calls largely consisted of phee calls and, less commonly, twitter calls. No differences between the responses to calls by males and females were apparent. However, we found a strong positive and significant correlation between the caller's age and the percentage of its phee calls receiving a phee response, and a significant negative correlation between the caller's age and the percentage of its phee calls receiving a twitter response. The older the marmoset, the more antiphonal calling occurred. Two-syllable phee calls were emitted more often by older marmosets (10-14 years) than by younger ones (2-6 years). Hence, we have found age-dependent differences in phee-call production and a consistent change in the response received across the adult life-span. This age-dependent effect was independent of kinship relations. This is the first evidence that marmosets distinguish age by vocal parameters alone and make social decisions based on age.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-C Chen
- Centre for Neuroscience and Animal Behaviour, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
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38
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Gros-Louis JJ, Perry SE, Fichtel C, Wikberg E, Gilkenson H, Wofsy S, Fuentes A. Vocal Repertoire of Cebus capucinus: Acoustic Structure, Context, and Usage. INT J PRIMATOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-008-9263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Lynch Alfaro J. Scream–embrace displays in wild black-horned capuchin monkeys. Am J Primatol 2008; 70:551-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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