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Galiay L, Cornette R, Laliève L, Hennocq Q, Cross C, Alazmani A, Moazen M, Khonsari RH. Intentional craniofacial remodelling in Europe in the XIXth century: Quantitative evidence of soft tissue modifications from Toulouse, France. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:e342-e348. [PMID: 35526830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Intentional skull deformations have been practiced by every human population, from the prehistoric times until the XXth century. In Europe, they were specifically prevalent in the region of Toulouse, France. The soft-tissue modifications due to such practices are not well characterized in the literature due to the rarity of photographic data. Most studies on skull deformations are thus based on skeletal remains. Here we performed a controlled geometric morphometric assessment of 31 frontal pictures and 70 lateral pictures of individuals from Toulouse with intentional deformations extracted from two XIXth century historical French photographic archives. We also measured the forces exerted on the skull vault by the traditional deformation device from Toulouse using a 3D-printed skull and pressure sensors. We showed that individuals with Toulouse deformations have distinctive facial features, caused by moderate forces exerted on the skull vault. Our results exhibit and quantify for the first time the real face of intentional skull deformations, which are a ubiquitous and distinctive feature of the human species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Galiay
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Références Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Raphaël Cornette
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Laura Laliève
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Références Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Quentin Hennocq
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Références Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Connor Cross
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Alazmani
- Institute of Functional Surfaces, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mehran Moazen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Hossein Khonsari
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Références Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France.
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Delattre MH, Hennocq Q, Stricker S, Paternoster G, Khonsari RH. Scaphocephaly and increased intra-cranial pressure in non-operated adults: A controlled anthropological study on 21 skulls. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:e212-e218. [PMID: 35131525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND SCOPE The prevalence of increased intra-cranial pressure (ICP) in patients with scaphocephaly is controversial. Here, based on anthropological material, we aimed to determine whether adults with non-operated sagittal synostosis show indirect signs of increased ICP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight dry skulls (21 skulls with sagittal craniosynostosis and 17 controls) were selected from the collections of the National Museum of Natural History (Paris, France). All skulls registered as 'fused sagittal suture' or 'scaphocephaly' in the registry of the Museum were included. All had total fusion of the sagittal suture. Controls were selected within skulls of similar origin (France), without visible craniofacial anomalies. The 38 skulls were CT-scanned using a standard medical CT-scan with a protocol dedicated to dry bone imaging. Eight radiological signs associated with raised ICP were assessed: (1) calvaria and (2) skull base thinning, (3) dorsum sellae erosion, (4) sella turcica lengthening, (5) copper beaten skull, (6) suture diastasis, (7) persistent metopic suture, and (8) small frontal sinus. Scaphocephaly was assessed based on head circumference, cranial index, intra-cranial volume, fronto-nasal angle, and inter-zygomatic distance. Linear and non-linear logistic models were used to compare groups. RESULTS 19/21 skulls with sagittal synostosis were significantly scaphocephalic. None of the criteria for ICP were significantly different in skulls with scaphocephaly relative to controls. Nevertheless, 5 individual skulls with scaphocephaly had ≥ 3 signs in favor of a history of raised ICP. We do not report the significant prevalence of indirect signs of raised ICP in adults with scaphocephaly. These results do not allow ruling out a history of early raised ICP or of minor prolonged raised ICP. Even though our findings support the fact that scaphocephaly is not significantly associated with prolonged raised ICP, individual cases (5/21) with clear signs in favor of a history of brain compression indicate that scaphocephaly correction should be considered as a functional procedure until the production of clear evidence. Cognitive assessments of non-operated adult patients with scaphocephaly could contribute to tackle this recurring question in craniofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddy-Hélène Delattre
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Quentin Hennocq
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Sarah Stricker
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsspial Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Paternoster
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, France
| | - Roman Hossein Khonsari
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France; Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Craniosténoses et Malformations Craniofaciales CRANIOST, Filière Maladies Rares TeteCou, France.
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Püschel TA, Friess M, Manríquez G. Morphological consequences of artificial cranial deformation: Modularity and integration. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227362. [PMID: 31978063 PMCID: PMC6980596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cranium is an anatomically complex structure. One source of its complexity is due to its modular organization. Cranial modules are distinct and partially independent units that interact substantially during ontogeny thus generating morphological integration. Artificial Cranial Deformation (ACD) occurs when the human skull is intentionally deformed, through the use of different deforming devices applied to the head while it is developing. Hence, ACD provides an interesting example to assess the degree to which biomechanical perturbations of the developing neurocranium impact on the degree of morphological integration in the skull as a whole. The main objective of this study was to assess how ACD affects the morphological integration of the skull. This was accomplished by comparing a sample of non-deformed crania and two sets of deformed crania (i.e. antero-posterior and oblique). Both developmental and static modularity and integration were assessed through Generalized Procrustes Analysis by considering the symmetric and asymmetric components of variation in adults, using 3D landmark coordinates as raw data. The presence of two developmental modules (i.e. viscero and neurocranium) in the skull was tested. Then, in order to understand how ACD affects morphological integration, the covariation pattern between the neuro and viscerocranium was examined in antero-posterior, oblique and non-deformed cranial categories using Partial Least-Squares. The main objective of this study was to assess how ACD affects the morphological integration of the skull. This was accomplished by comparing a sample of deformed (i.e. antero-posterior and oblique) and non-deformed crania. Hence, differences in integration patterns were compared between groups. The obtained results support the modular organization of the human skull in the two analyzed modules. The integration analyses show that the oblique ACD style differentially affects the static morphological integration of the skull by increasing the covariance between neuro and viscerocranium in a more constrained way than in antero-posterior and non-deformed skulls. In addition, the antero-posterior ACD style seems to affect the developmental integration of the skull by directing the covariation pattern in a more defined manner as compared to the other cranial categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Püschel
- Primate Models for Behavioural Evolution, Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Friess
- Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Germán Manríquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Centro de Análisis Cuantitativo en Antropología Dental, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Defining Critical Ages for Orbital Shape Changes after Frontofacial Advancement in Crouzon Syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 144:841e-852e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Debelmas A, Ketoff S, Lanciaux S, Corre P, Friess M, Khonsari RH. Reproducibility assessment of Delaire cephalometric analysis using reconstructions from computed tomography. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2019; 121:35-39. [PMID: 31055092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cephalometry performed on sagittal teleradiographic X-rays is commonly used for the planification of orthognathic procedures. Tomographic imaging techniques (computer tomography or cone-beam computer tomography) are more and more prescribed for the assessment of complex occlusofacial anomalies. In this study, we intended to evaluate if teleradiographic X-rays reconstructed from computer tomography (CT) can be used to trace reliable cephalometric analyses. We assessed the inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of a simplified Delaire analysis (Top 12), one of the numerous common cephalometric analyses, performed with the Delaire Evolution software on three sets of X-rays: (1) conventional cephalometric X-rays, (2) 2D reconstructions obtained from the CT scans of the same patients and (3) 2D reconstructions obtained from CT scans of dry skulls without a cervical spine (anthropological material). Our primary goal was to assess X-rays reconstructed from tomographies as an alternative for conventional cephalometric X-rays. Our secondary goal was to assess whether computerized cephalometric analysis was a reproducible technique, both on clinical and anthropological material. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 10 consecutive adult patients admitted for orthodontic assessment who had benefited from both lateral cephalometric X-rays and from CT-scans. We also included 10 CT-scans from adult dry skulls without a cervical spine, from the collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France). Cephalometric X-rays were reconstructed from CT-scans of both patients and dry skulls using Carestream® (Carestream Health inc., New York, USA). Simplified Delaire analyses (Top12) were conducted by 2 observers using the Delaire Evolution software (JDel, Nantes, France), on the 3 sets of cephalometric X-rays: (1) 10 standard cephalometric X-rays from the orthodontic patients, (2) 10 reconstructed cephalometric X-rays from the CT scans of the orthodontic patients and (3) 10 reconstructed cephalometric X-rays from the CT scans of the dry skulls. A standard statistical assessment of reproducibility was conducted using correlation coefficients. RESULTS We found good inter- and intra-observer reproducibility for standard cephalometric X-rays and reconstructed cephalometric X-rays (Intraclass Correlation Coeficient > 0.75). We did not find any difference for angle measures between the standard cephalometric X-rays and the reconstructed cephalometric X-rays for the group of orthodontic patients (P > 0.05). Delaire cephalometric analysis was not reproducible for cephalometric X-rays without a cervical spine, that is for cephalometric X-rays reconstructed from the CT-scans of dry skulls. DISCUSSION Delaire computerized simplified Top12 analysis was reproducible for lateral cephalometric X-rays and for reconstructions obtained from CT scans with similar angle measures for a given patient. This analysis does not seem to be reliable for dry skulls without upper cervical spine. This study uses the example of one particular computerized cephalometric analysis in order to show that cephalometric analyses can be performed on lateral reconstructed cephalometric X-rays obtained from CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Debelmas
- Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - S Ketoff
- Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, 75013 Paris, France
| | - S Lanciaux
- Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, 75013 Paris, France
| | - P Corre
- Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillofaciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, faculté de médecine, Université de Nantes, France
| | - M Friess
- Département hommes, nature, sociétés, muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS UMR-7206, Paris, France
| | - R H Khonsari
- Assistance publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, enfants malades, service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et plastique, centre de référence des fentes et malformations faciales (MAFACE), Université Paris Descartes, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013, Paris, France
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Correcting Exorbitism by Monobloc Frontofacial Advancement in Crouzon-Pfeiffer Syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:121e-132e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Anterior Skull Base and Pericranial Flap Ossification after Frontofacial Monobloc Advancement. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018; 141:437-445. [PMID: 29036029 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000004040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontofacial monobloc advancement creates a communication between the anterior cranial fossa and nasal cavities. To tackle this issue, transorbital pericranial pedicled flaps are routinely performed in the authors' center. This study aimed to assess the postoperative ossification of the anterior skull base and pedicled flaps following frontofacial monobloc advancement, and to identify factors influencing this ossification. METHODS Measurements of the skull base only and of the ossified pedicled flaps together with the skull base were performed on computed tomographic scans at the nasofrontal and the nasoethmoid frontal junctions. The total thickness of the skull vault was measured and a qualitative defect score for the anterior skull base was computed. RESULTS Twenty-two patients who underwent frontofacial monobloc advancement at a median age of 3.1 years (range, 1.9 to 3.6 years) were included: 14 with Crouzon, five with Pfeiffer, and three with Apert syndrome. One year and 5 years after surgery, the distraction gap was completely ossified in the anterior skull base midline in all patients. Ossified pedicled flaps together with the skull base were thicker in patients than in controls at these two time points (p < 0.005 and p < 0.02). Patients with Pfeiffer syndrome had a significantly thicker skull base only and ossified pedicled flaps together with the skull base thicknesses (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03) and lower defect scores than patients with Crouzon or Apert syndrome (p = 0.03) 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSION As ossification of the pedicled flaps and total reossification of the anterior skull base midline were observed in all patients, the authors indicate that performing pedicled flaps in frontofacial monobloc advancement surgery could promote the reossification of the anterior skull base. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, IV.
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Sandy R, Hennocq Q, Nysjö J, Giran G, Friess M, Khonsari RH. Orbital shape in intentional skull deformations and adult sagittal craniosynostoses. J Anat 2018; 233:302-310. [PMID: 29926913 PMCID: PMC6081507 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intentional cranial deformations are the result of external mechanical forces exerted on the skull vault that modify the morphology of various craniofacial structures such as the skull base, the orbits and the zygoma. In this controlled study, we investigated the 3D shape of the orbital inner mould and the orbital volume in various types of intentional deformations and in adult non-operated scaphocephaly - the most common type of craniosynostosis - using dedicated morphometric methods. CT scans were performed on 32 adult skulls with intentional deformations, 21 adult skull with scaphocephaly and 17 non-deformed adult skulls from the collections of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris, France. The intentional deformations group included six skulls with Toulouse deformations, eight skulls with circumferential deformations and 18 skulls with antero-posterior deformations. Mean shape models were generated based on a semi-automatic segmentation technique. Orbits were then aligned and compared qualitatively and quantitatively using colour-coded distance maps and by computing the mean absolute distance, the Hausdorff distance, and the Dice similarity coefficient. Orbital symmetry was assessed after mirroring, superimposition and Dice similarity coefficient computation. We showed that orbital shapes were significantly and symmetrically modified in intentional deformations and scaphocephaly compared with non-deformed control skulls. Antero-posterior and circumferential deformations demonstrated a similar and severe orbital deformation pattern resulting in significant smaller orbital volumes. Scaphocephaly and Toulouse deformations had similar deformation patterns but had no effect on orbital volumes. This study showed that intentional deformations and scaphocephaly significantly interact with orbital growth. Our approach was nevertheless not sufficient to identify specific modifications caused by the different types of skull deformations or by scaphocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Sandy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Quentin Hennocq
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de ParisService de Chirurgie Maxillofaciale et PlastiqueHôpital Necker – Enfants MaladesUniversité Paris DescartesUniversité Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Johan Nysjö
- Center for Image AnalysisUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Guillaume Giran
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillofaciale et StomatologieCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel‐DieuUniversité de NantesNantesFrance
| | - Martin Friess
- Département Homme et EnvironnementCNRS, UMR 7206Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Musée de l'HommeParisFrance
| | - Roman Hossein Khonsari
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de ParisService de Chirurgie Maxillofaciale et PlastiqueHôpital Necker – Enfants MaladesUniversité Paris DescartesUniversité Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
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Simon A, Bocquet E, Pellerin P, Vinchon M, Dhellemmes P, Martinot V, Wolber A, Calibre C, Charlier P, Guerreschi P. Three-dimensional study of 31 cases of synostotic anterior plagiocephaly before and after surgical management the Lille protocol. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:958-966. [PMID: 29661661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Synostotic anterior plagiocephaly is a rare pathological cranial malformation. Therapeutic options are rarely studied due to the rarity of the malformation and difficulties in diagnosis and care management. The objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained with the Lille protocol based on 62 CT-scans done before and after surgery in 31 patients. A specific analysis was designed for this work. Nine cephalometric measures enabled to evidence on each CT-Scan the corrections made on the fronto-orbital bandeau and the potential impact of surgery on the craniofacial structures. Results show that surgical symmetry of the fronto-orbital bandeau in the transversal plane, according to the symmetrical axis of the semicircular canals, allows a normalization of the skull's growth and morphogenesis for the surgically affected structures but also adjacent ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambre Simon
- Forensic and Forensic Anthropology Team (UVSQ/EA4569 Paris-Descartes), 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
| | | | - Philippe Pellerin
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Matthieu Vinchon
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Patrick Dhellemmes
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Martinot
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Alexis Wolber
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Clotilde Calibre
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Charlier
- Forensic and Forensic Anthropology Team (UVSQ/EA4569 Paris-Descartes), 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; Department of Consultations and Public Health/Health Unit (Hôpital Max Fourestier/Maison d'Arrêt des Hauts-de-Seine), 403 Avenue de la République, 92014, Nanterre, France
| | - Pierre Guerreschi
- CHU Lille, Center for Clefts and Facial Malformations, Plastic Surgery Unit, F-59000, Lille, France
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Levasseur J, Nysjö J, Sandy R, Britto JA, Garcelon N, Haber S, Picard A, Corre P, Odri GA, Khonsari RH. Orbital volume and shape in Treacher Collins syndrome. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:305-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Ketoff S, Girinon F, Schlager S, Friess M, Schouman T, Rouch P, Khonsari RH. Zygomatic bone shape in intentional cranial deformations: a model for the study of the interactions between skull growth and facial morphology. J Anat 2016; 230:524-531. [PMID: 28032345 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intentional cranial deformations (ICD) were obtained by exerting external mechanical constraints on the skull vault during the first years of life to permanently modify head shape. The repercussions of ICD on the face are not well described in the midfacial region. Here we assessed the shape of the zygomatic bone in different types of ICDs. We considered 14 non-deformed skulls, 19 skulls with antero-posterior deformation, nine skulls with circumferential deformation and seven skulls with Toulouse deformation. The shape of the zygomatic bone was assessed using a statistical shape model after mesh registration. Euclidian distances between mean models and Mahalanobis distances after canonical variate analysis were computed. Classification accuracy was computed using a cross-validation approach. Different ICDs cause specific zygomatic shape modifications corresponding to different degrees of retrusion but the shape of the zygomatic bone alone is not a sufficient parameter for classifying populations into ICD groups defined by deformation types. We illustrate the fact that external mechanical constraints on the skull vault influence midfacial growth. ICDs are a model for the study of the influence of epigenetic factors on craniofacial growth and can help to understand the facial effects of congenital skull malformations such as single or multi-suture synostoses, or of external orthopedic devices such as helmets used to correct deformational plagiocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ketoff
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Paris, France.,Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - F Girinon
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - S Schlager
- Biological Anthropology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Friess
- Département Hommes, Nature, Sociétés, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR-7206, Paris, France
| | - T Schouman
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Paris, France.,Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - P Rouch
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - R H Khonsari
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Paris, France.,Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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Smektala T, Staniszewska E, Sławińska A, Sporniak-Tutak K, Tutak M, Jędrzejewski M, Chrusciel-Nogalska M, Olszewski R. Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis of Orbital Morphology Modification for Midface Correction Surgery. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2016; 15:285-292. [PMID: 27752196 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-015-0837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to create an evidence-based three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of orbits in order to perform time-efficient measurements of postoperative orbital morphology changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors used 23 (11 bilateral and 1 unilateral) anatomical landmarks. Based on these, 6 planes, 12 angular and 16 linear measurements were determined. A three dimensional analysis was performed twice by two observers on pre and post-operative computed tomography scans of six patients who had undergone midface advancement. The mean, minimal and maximal difference, as well as standard deviation (SD) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the inter- and intra-observer landmark selection reliability were calculated. Additionally, the mean, minimal, maximal difference and standard deviation between pre- and post-operative angular and linear measurements were calculated to examine a connection between the established measurements and any morphological change. RESULTS The inter and intra-examiner accuracy of all landmarks for three axes was >0.9 ICC. Despite excellent inter and intra-examiner agreement (<2.49 mm ± 2.05 mm SD) for the landmark selection, linear and angular measurements showed a mismatch, the mean SD for angular measurements was found to be 8.2° and the linear 3.04 mm. DISCUSSION The possible causes of linear and angular measurement discrepancies are discussed and the future direction for the development of three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of orbits proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Smektala
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland ; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Research Lab (OMFS/CHEX/IREC/SSS/UCL, Head: Pr Olszewski R, PhD), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium ; Private Dental Practice, Aesthetic Dent, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Staniszewska
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Voivodeship Specialized Hospital, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agata Sławińska
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Dr Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sporniak-Tutak
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland ; Private Dental Practice, Aesthetic Dent, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Tutak
- Private Dental Practice, Aesthetic Dent, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Jędrzejewski
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Research Lab (OMFS/CHEX/IREC/SSS/UCL, Head: Pr Olszewski R, PhD), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium ; Department of Dental Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Raphael Olszewski
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Research Lab (OMFS/CHEX/IREC/SSS/UCL, Head: Pr Olszewski R, PhD), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Khonsari RH, Way B, Nysjö J, Odri GA, Olszewski R, Evans RD, Dunaway DJ, Nyström I, Britto JA. Fronto-facial advancement and bipartition in Crouzon–Pfeiffer and Apert syndromes: Impact of fronto-facial surgery upon orbital and airway parameters in FGFR2 syndromes. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1567-1575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Butaric LN, Maddux SD. Morphological Covariation between the Maxillary Sinus and Midfacial Skeleton among Sub-Saharan and Circumpolar Modern Humans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2016; 160:483-97. [PMID: 27009746 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maxillary sinus volume tracks ecogeographic differences in nasal form and may serve as a zone of accommodation for ontogenetic and evolutionary changes in nasal cavity breadth. However, little is known regarding how sinus volume is distributed within the midface. This study investigates morphological covariation between midfacial and sinus shape to better understand structural and functional relationships between the sinus, midface, and nasal cavity. METHODS Cranial and sinus models were rendered from CT scans of modern human samples from two disparate climates: sub-Saharan (South Africans [n = 15], West Africans [n = 17]), and circumpolar (Siberian Buriats [n = 18], Alaskan Inuit [n = 20]). Twenty-five 3D coordinate landmarks were placed on the models and subjected to generalized Procrustes analysis. Two-block partial least squares (2B-PLS) analysis was employed to identify patterns of covariation. RESULTS The 2B-PLS analysis indicates PLS1 (58.6% total covariation) relates to height and breadth relationships between the midface, nasal cavity, and maxillary sinus. Significant regional differences in PLS1 scores are evident: circumpolar samples possess taller/narrower noses with taller/wider sinuses compared to sub-Saharan samples. Importantly, PLS1 indicates that sinus breadth is not exclusively related to nasal cavity breadth; variation in lateral sinus expansion toward the zygoma represents an important contributing factor. PLS2 (16%) relates to supero-inferior positioning of the sinus within the midface. Allometric trends, while statistically significant, explain only a small portion of these covariation patterns. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the maxillary sinus serves as a zone of accommodation at the confluence of multiple facial components, potentially minimizing effects of morphological alterations to certain components on adjacent structures. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:483-497, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Butaric
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312
| | - Scott D Maddux
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211
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Three-Dimensional Eyeball and Orbit Volume Modification After LeFort III Midface Distraction. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:1652-5. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000001601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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