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Fan Y, Goh ELK, Chan JKY. Neural Cells for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Clinical Trials. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:510-526. [PMID: 37487111 PMCID: PMC10427968 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are an entire spectrum of clinical conditions that affect the central and peripheral nervous system. There is no cure currently, with treatment focusing mainly on slowing down progression or symptomatic relief. Cellular therapies with various cell types from different sources are being conducted as clinical trials for several ND diseases. They include neural, mesenchymal and hemopoietic stem cells, and neural cells derived from embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we present the list of cellular therapies for ND comprising 33 trials that used neural stem progenitors, 8 that used differentiated neural cells ,and 109 trials that involved non-neural cells in the 7 ND. Encouraging results have been shown in a few early-phase clinical trials that require further investigations in a randomized setting. However, such definitive trials may not be possible given the relative cost of the trials, and in the setting of rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Fan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eyleen L K Goh
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Faculty, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Vieira S, Strymecka P, Stanaszek L, Silva-Correia J, Drela K, Fiedorowicz M, Malysz-Cymborska I, Janowski M, Reis RL, Łukomska B, Walczak P, Oliveira JM. Mn-Based Methacrylated Gellan Gum Hydrogels for MRI-Guided Cell Delivery and Imaging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040427. [PMID: 37106614 PMCID: PMC10135712 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to engineer a new stable injectable Mn-based methacrylated gellan gum (Mn/GG-MA) hydrogel for real-time monitored cell delivery into the central nervous system. To enable the hydrogel visualization under Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), GG-MA solutions were supplemented with paramagnetic Mn2+ ions before its ionic crosslink with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). The resulting formulations were stable, detectable by T1-weighted MRI scans and also injectable. Cell-laden hydrogels were prepared using the Mn/GG-MA formulations, extruded into aCSF for crosslink, and after 7 days of culture, the encapsulated human adipose-derived stem cells remained viable, as assessed by Live/Dead assay. In vivo tests, using double mutant MBPshi/shi/rag2 immunocompromised mice, showed that the injection of Mn/GG-MA solutions resulted in a continuous and traceable hydrogel, visible on MRI scans. Summing up, the developed formulations are suitable for both non-invasive cell delivery techniques and image-guided neurointerventions, paving the way for new therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Vieira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paulina Strymecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luiza Stanaszek
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joana Silva-Correia
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Katarzyna Drela
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Malysz-Cymborska
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rui Luís Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Barbara Łukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253510931; Fax: +351-253510909
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McGinley LM, Chen KS, Mason SN, Rigan DM, Kwentus JF, Hayes JM, Glass ED, Reynolds EL, Murphy GG, Feldman EL. Monoclonal antibody-mediated immunosuppression enables long-term survival of transplanted human neural stem cells in mouse brain. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1046. [PMID: 36101963 PMCID: PMC9471059 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the field of stem cell therapy advances, it is important to develop reliable methods to overcome host immune responses in animal models. This ensures survival of transplanted human stem cell grafts and enables predictive efficacy testing. Immunosuppressive drugs derived from clinical protocols are frequently used but are often inconsistent and associated with toxic side effects. Here, using a molecular imaging approach, we show that immunosuppression targeting costimulatory molecules CD4 and CD40L enables robust survival of human xenografts in mouse brain, as compared to conventional tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. METHODS Human neural stem cells were modified to express green fluorescent protein and firefly luciferase. Cells were implanted in the fimbria fornix of the hippocampus and viability assessed by non-invasive bioluminescent imaging. Cell survival was assessed using traditional pharmacologic immunosuppression as compared to monoclonal antibodies directed against CD4 and CD40L. This paradigm was also implemented in a transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model. RESULTS Graft rejection occurs within 7 days in non-immunosuppressed mice and within 14 days in mice on a traditional regimen. The addition of dual monoclonal antibody immunosuppression extends graft survival past 7 weeks (p < .001) on initial studies. We confirm dual monoclonal antibody treatment is superior to either antibody alone (p < .001). Finally, we demonstrate robust xenograft survival at multiple cell doses up to 6 months in both C57BL/6J mice and a transgenic Alzheimer's disease model (p < .001). The dual monoclonal antibody protocol demonstrated no significant adverse effects, as determined by complete blood counts and toxicity screen. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates an effective immunosuppression protocol for preclinical testing of stem cell therapies. A transition towards antibody-based strategies may be advantageous by enabling stem cell survival in preclinical studies that could inform future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. McGinley
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin S. Chen
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Shayna N. Mason
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Diana M. Rigan
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | | | - John M. Hayes
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Emily D. Glass
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Evan L. Reynolds
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Geoffrey G. Murphy
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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4
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Sakowski SA, Chen KS. Stem cell therapy for central nervous system disorders: Metabolic interactions between transplanted cells and local microenvironments. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105842. [PMID: 35988874 PMCID: PMC10117179 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising and rapidly advancing treatment strategy for a multitude of neurologic disorders. Yet, while early phase clinical trials are being pursued in many disorders, the mechanism of action often remains unclear. One important potential mechanism by which stem cells provide neuroprotection is through metabolic signaling with diseased neurons, glia, and other cell types in the nervous system microenvironment. Early studies exploring such interactions report normalization of glucose metabolism, induction of protective mitochondrial genes, and even interactions with supportive neurovasculature. Local metabolic conditions also impact stem cell biology, which can have a large impact on transplant viability and efficacy. Epigenetic changes that occur in the donor prior to collection of stem cells, and even during in vitro culture conditions, may have effects on stem cell biology that are carried into the host upon stem cell transplantation. Transplanted stem cells also face potentially toxic metabolic microenvironments at the targeted transplant site. Novel approaches for metabolically "preconditioning" stem cells prior to transplant harness metabolic machinery to optimize stem cell survival upon transplant. Ultimately, an improved understanding of the metabolic cross-talk between implanted stem cells and the local nervous system environment, in both disease and injury states, will increase the likelihood of success in translating stem cell therapy to early trials in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Sakowski
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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5
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Hassan AA, Elkins J, Hassan HY. Case Report: Stem cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. F1000Res 2022; 10:1080. [PMID: 35087666 PMCID: PMC8762680 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73967.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease leading to loss of upper and lower motor neurons at both spinal and bulbar levels.
For patients with ALS rehabilitation is important to maintain functional independence, ensure safety and optimize quality of life but is not curative. Stem cell therapy (SCT) provides a new approach to treat previously incurable diseases although peer reviewed published evidence has shown no benefit in ALS for slowing disease progression or functional loss. This case report presents a patient with ALS who underwent SCT but deteriorated rapidly after the procedure. Whether the deterioration was due to the natural progress of the disease or expedited by SCT remains unknown. The ethical considerations of how marketing influences healthcare and individuals’ decisions in desperate situations along with reasons for taking desperate measures are discussed. Patient education and open communication with ALS patients are imperative in gaining patient satisfaction and overcoming ill effects that marketing could have on unconventional methods of intervention. Raising awareness about the availability and access to multidisciplinary care, the timing of decisions with regards to symptom management and end of life care have proven to enhance the quality of life for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a A Hassan
- Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, Bahrain
| | | | - Hisham Y Hassan
- Banoon ART and Cytogenetics Center, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, Bahrain
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6
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Liu B, Li M, Zhang L, Chen Z, Lu P. Motor neuron replacement therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1633-1639. [PMID: 35017408 PMCID: PMC8820706 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.332123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a motor neuron degenerative disease that is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease in the United States, Charcot's disease in France, and motor neuron disease in the UK. The loss of motor neurons causes muscle wasting, paralysis, and eventually death, which is commonly related to respiratory failure, within 3-5 years after onset of the disease. Although there are a limited number of drugs approved for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, they have had little success at treating the associated symptoms, and they cannot reverse the course of motor neuron degeneration. Thus, there is still a lack of effective treatment for this debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. Stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a very attractive strategy for both basic and clinical researchers, particularly as transplanted stem cells and stem cell-derived neural progenitor/precursor cells can protect endogenous motor neurons and directly replace the lost or dying motor neurons. Stem cell therapies may also be able to re-establish the motor control of voluntary muscles. Here, we review the recent progress in the use of neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We focus on MN progenitor cells derived from fetal central nervous system tissue, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In our recent studies, we found that transplanted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neuron progenitors survive well, differentiate into motor neurons, and extend axons into the host white matter, not only in the rostrocaudal direction, but also along motor axon tracts towards the ventral roots in the immunodeficient rat spinal cord. Furthermore, the significant motor axonal extension after neural progenitor cell transplantation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models demonstrates that motor neuron replacement therapy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, particularly as a variety of stem cell derivatives, including induced pluripotent stem cells, are being considered for clinical trials for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Liu
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education; Center of Neural Injury and Repair; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Li
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education; Center of Neural Injury and Repair; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- iXCells Biotechnologies USA, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Amogene Biotech, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education; Center of Neural Injury and Repair; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Lu
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Engineered cells as glioblastoma therapeutics. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:156-166. [PMID: 33753869 PMCID: PMC8850190 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In spite of significant recent advances in our understanding of the genetics and cell biology of glioblastoma, to date, this has not led to improved treatments for this cancer. In addition to small molecule, antibody, and engineered virus approaches, engineered cells are also being explored as glioblastoma therapeutics. This includes CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, as well as engineered neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Here we review the state of this field, starting with clinical trial studies. These have established the feasibility and safety of engineered cell therapies for glioblastoma and show some evidence for activity. Next, we review the preclinical literature and compare the strengths and weaknesses of various starting cell types for engineered cell therapies. Finally, we discuss future directions for this nascent but promising modality for glioblastoma therapy.
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8
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Rosow L, Lomen-Hoerth C. Treatment and Management of Adult Motor Neuron Diseases. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-71317-7.00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Xu X, Shen D, Gao Y, Zhou Q, Ni Y, Meng H, Shi H, Le W, Chen S, Chen S. A perspective on therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: can disease progression be curbed? Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:29. [PMID: 34372914 PMCID: PMC8353789 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to paralysis and eventually death. Symptomatic treatments such as inhibition of salivation, alleviation of muscle cramps, and relief of spasticity and pain still play an important role in enhancing the quality of life. To date, riluzole and edaravone are the only two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ALS in a few countries. While there is adequate consensus on the modest efficacy of riluzole, there are still open questions concerning the efficacy of edaravone in slowing the disease progression. Therefore, identification of novel therapeutic strategies is urgently needed. Impaired autophagic process plays a critical role in ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on therapies modulating autophagy in the context of ALS. Furthermore, stem cell therapies, gene therapies, and newly-developed biomaterials have great potentials in alleviating neurodegeneration, which might halt the disease progression. In this review, we will summarize the current and prospective therapies for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Xu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Dingding Shen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Yining Gao
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Qinming Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - You Ni
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Huanyu Meng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Hongqin Shi
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China.,Department of Neurology, Xinrui Hospital, Wuxi, 214028, China
| | - Weidong Le
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China. .,Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Chengdu, 610031, China. .,Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China.
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China.
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China.
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10
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Ohashi N, Terashima T, Katagi M, Nakae Y, Okano J, Suzuki Y, Kojima H. GLT1 gene delivery based on bone marrow-derived cells ameliorates motor function and survival in a mouse model of ALS. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12803. [PMID: 34140581 PMCID: PMC8211665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease. CD68-positive bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMDCs) accumulate in the pathological lesion in the SOD1(G93A) ALS mouse model after BM transplantation (BMT). Therefore, we investigated whether BMDCs can be applied as gene carriers for cell-based gene therapy by employing the accumulation of BMDCs. In ALS mice, YFP reporter signals were observed in 12-14% of white blood cells (WBCs) and in the spinal cord via transplantation of BM after lentiviral vector (LV) infection. After confirmation of gene transduction by LV with the CD68 promoter in 4-7% of WBCs and in the spinal cord of ALS mice, BM cells were infected with LVs expressing glutamate transporter (GLT) 1 that protects neurons from glutamate toxicity, driven by the CD68 promoter, which were transplanted into ALS mice. The treated mice showed improvement of motor behaviors and prolonged survival. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β was significantly suppressed, and IL-4, arginase 1, and FIZZ were significantly increased in the mice. These results suggested that GLT1 expression by BMDCs improved the spinal cord environment. Therefore, our gene therapy strategy may be applied to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS in which BMDCs accumulate in the pathological lesion by BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Ohashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoya Terashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Miwako Katagi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakae
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Junko Okano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideto Kojima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
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11
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Squires A, Hovet S, Li R, Oshinski J, Ho Tse ZT. A body-mounted device for MRI-guided spinal therapy. Int J Med Robot 2021; 17:e2235. [PMID: 33497520 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with no cure and limited treatment options. Recent studies have shown that delivering cellular therapeutics to the ventral horn of the spinal cord can effectively halt neurodegeneration associated with ALS in small animal models. METHODS We developed a robotic system that assists with MRI-guided percutaneous injections to the spinal cord. The needle positioning robot consists of two linear axes with motorised translational sleds for two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) needle translation and a radial template for 2-DOF discrete rotation. RESULTS The robot's targeting capability, evaluated using phantom models and swine cadavers, showed mean targeting errors of 0.48 and 2.84 mm, respectively. The duration of the targeting procedure is approximately 60 min, with an extra 10 min for each additional injection. CONCLUSIONS The presented robot does not affect imaging quality during MRI-guided procedures, and it enables a simplified workflow for MRI-guided spinal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Squires
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sierra Hovet
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - John Oshinski
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zion Tsz Ho Tse
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, Heslington, UK
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12
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Terashima T, Kobashi S, Watanabe Y, Nakanishi M, Honda N, Katagi M, Ohashi N, Kojima H. Enhancing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells with Growth Factor-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for ALS in Mice. iScience 2020; 23:101764. [PMID: 33251493 PMCID: PMC7677706 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several treatments have been attempted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) animal models and patients. Recently, transplantation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs) was investigated as a regenerative therapy for ALS, but satisfactory treatments remain to be established. To develop an effective treatment, we focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expressing hepatocyte growth factor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and insulin-like growth factor using human artificial chromosome vector (HAC-MSCs). Here, we demonstrated the transplantation of MNCs with HAC-MSCs in ALS mice. As per our results, the progression of motor dysfunction was significantly delayed, and their survival was prolonged dramatically. Additional analysis revealed preservation of motor neurons, suppression of gliosis, engraftment of numerous MNCs, and elevated chemotaxis-related cytokines in the spinal cord of treated mice. Therefore, growth factor-expressing MSCs enhance the therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived MNCs for ALS and have a high potential as a novel cell therapy for patients with ALS. MNCs with growth factor-expressing MSCs is an effective cell therapy for ALS mice The MSCs enhance therapeutic effects by migration of MNCs into ALS mice spinal cord This cell therapy suppresses neuronal loss and gliosis in ALS mice spinal cord This cell therapy induces several cytokines expression in ALS mice spinal cord
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Terashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Watanabe
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Mami Nakanishi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naoto Honda
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Miwako Katagi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Natsuko Ohashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hideto Kojima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
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13
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Barczewska M, Maksymowicz S, Zdolińska-Malinowska I, Siwek T, Grudniak M. Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: an Original Study. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:922-932. [PMID: 32725316 PMCID: PMC7456414 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is still incurable. Although different therapies can affect the health and survival of patients. Our aim is to evaluate the effect of umbilical mesenchymal stem cells administrated intrathecally to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis on disability development and survival. METHODS This case-control study involved 67 patients treated with Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSC). The treated patients were paired with 67 reference patients from the PRO-ACT database which contains patient records from 23 ALS clinical studies (phase 2/3). Patients in the treatment and reference groups were fully matched in terms of race, sex, onset of symptoms (bulbar/spinal), FT9 disease stage at the beginning of therapy and concomitant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis medications. Progression rates prior to treatment varied within a range of ± 0.5 points. All patients received three intrathecal injections of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells every two months at a dose of 30 × 106 cells. Patients were assessed using the ALSFRS-R scale. Survival times were followed-up until March 2020. RESULTS Median survival time increased two-fold in all groups. In terms of progression, three response types measured in ALSFRS-R were observed: decreased progression rate (n = 21, 31.3%), no change in progression rate (n = 33, 49.3%) and increased progression rate (n = 13, 19.4%). Risk-benefit ratios were favorable in all groups. No serious adverse drug reactions were observed. INTERPRETATION Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells therapy is safe and effective in some ALS patients, regardless of the clinical features and demographic factors excluding sex. The female sex and a good therapeutic response to the first administration are significant predictors of efficacy following further administrations. Graphical Abstract Medical therapeutic experiment with retrospective case-control analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Barczewska
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- Instytut Terapii Komórkowych S.A., FamiCord Group, Olsztyn, Poland
- University Clinical Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Stanisław Maksymowicz
- Instytut Terapii Komórkowych S.A., FamiCord Group, Olsztyn, Poland.
- Department of Psychology and Sociology of Health and Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | | | - Tomasz Siwek
- Instytut Terapii Komórkowych S.A., FamiCord Group, Olsztyn, Poland
- University Clinical Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Neurology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grudniak
- Polski Bank Komórek Macierzystych S.A., FamiCord Group, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Upadhya R, Madhu LN, Attaluri S, Gitaí DLG, Pinson MR, Kodali M, Shetty G, Zanirati G, Kumar S, Shuai B, Weintraub ST, Shetty AK. Extracellular vesicles from human iPSC-derived neural stem cells: miRNA and protein signatures, and anti-inflammatory and neurogenic properties. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1809064. [PMID: 32944193 PMCID: PMC7480597 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1809064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Grafting of neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has shown promise for brain repair after injury or disease, but safety issues have hindered their clinical application. Employing nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from hiPSC-NSCs appears to be a safer alternative because they likely have similar neuroreparative properties as NSCs and are amenable for non-invasive administration as an autologous or allogeneic off-the-shelf product. However, reliable methods for isolation, characterization and testing the biological properties of EVs are critically needed for translation. We investigated signatures of miRNAs and proteins and the biological activity of EVs, isolated from hiPSC-NSCs through a combination of anion-exchange chromatography (AEC) and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). AEC and SEC facilitated the isolation of EVs with intact ultrastructure and expressing CD9, CD63, CD81, ALIX and TSG 101. Small RNA sequencing, proteomic analysis, pathway analysis and validation of select miRNAs and proteins revealed that EVs were enriched with miRNAs and proteins involved in neuroprotective, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood-brain barrier repairing, neurogenic and Aβ reducing activities. Besides, EVs comprised miRNAs and/or proteins capable of promoting synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity and better cognitive function. Investigations using an in vitro macrophage assay and a mouse model of status epilepticus confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of EVs. Furthermore, the intranasal administration of EVs resulted in the incorporation of EVs by neurons, microglia and astrocytes in virtually all adult rat and mouse brain regions, and enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis. Thus, biologically active EVs containing miRNAs and proteins relevant to brain repair could be isolated from hiPSC-NSC cultures, making them a suitable biologic for treating neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Upadhya
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Leelavathi N Madhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sahithi Attaluri
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marisa R Pinson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Maheedhar Kodali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Geetha Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gabriele Zanirati
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Smrithi Kumar
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Bing Shuai
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
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15
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Therapeutic potential of stem cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1073-1101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Patient-specific neural progenitor cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells offer a promise of good models for mitochondrial disease. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:15-30. [PMID: 31925525 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary generators of ATP in eukaryotic cells through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are also involved in several other important cellular functions including regulation of intracellular Ca2+, cell signaling and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes disease and since it is not possible to perform repeated studies in humans, models are essential to enable us to investigate the mechanisms involved. Recently, the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), made by reprogramming adult somatic cells (Takahashi and Yamanaka 2006; Yamanaka and Blau 2010), has provided a unique opportunity for studying aspects of disease mechanisms in patient-specific cells and tissues. Reprogramming cells to neuronal lineage such as neural progenitor cells (NPCs) generated from the neural induction of reprogrammed iPSCs can thus provide a useful model for investigating neurological disease mechanisms including those caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, NPCs display a huge clinical potential in drug screening and therapeutics.
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17
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Abstract
Stem cells carry the remarkable ability to differentiate into different cell types while retaining the capability to self-replicate and maintain the characteristics of their parent cells, referred to as potency. Stem cells have been studied extensively to better understand human development and organogenesis. Because of advances in stem cell-based therapies, regenerative medicine has seen significant growth. Ophthalmic conditions, some of which are leading causes of blindness worldwide, are being treated with stem cell therapies. Great results have also been obtained in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial defects. Stem-cell-based therapies have great potential in the treatment of chronic medical conditions like diabetes and cardiomyopathy. The unique property of stem cells to migrate towards cancer cells makes them excellent vectors for the transportation of bioactive agents or for targeting cancer cells, both primary and metastatic. While these therapeutic strategies are extremely promising, they are not without limitations. Failure to completely eradicate the tumor and tumor relapse are some of those concerns. Stem cells share some characteristics with cancer stem cells, raising concerns for increasing the risk of cancer occurrence. Ethical concerns due to the fetal origin of stem cells and cost are other major obstacles in the large-scale implementation of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Nawab
- Hospitalist, Geisinger Holy Spirit, Camp Hill, USA
| | - Deepak Bhere
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Anthony Bommarito
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Muhammad Mufti
- Internal Medicine, St. Mary's Medical Center, Long Beach, USA
| | - Awais Naeem
- Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK
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18
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Garitaonandia I, Gonzalez R, Sherman G, Semechkin A, Evans A, Kern R. Novel Approach to Stem Cell Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 27:951-957. [PMID: 29882481 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this commentary we discuss International Stem Cell Corporation's (ISCO's) approach to developing a pluripotent stem cell based treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). In 2016, ISCO received approval to conduct the world's first clinical study of a pluripotent stem cell based therapy for PD. The Australian regulatory agency Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and the Melbourne Health's Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) independently reviewed ISCO's extensive preclinical data and granted approval for the evaluation of a novel human parthenogenetic derived neural stem cell (NSC) line, ISC-hpNSC, in a PD phase 1 clinical trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02452723). This is a single-center, open label, dose escalating 12-month study with a 5-year follow-up evaluating a number of objective and patient-reported safety and efficacy measures. A total of 6 years of safety and efficacy data will be collected from each patient. Twelve participants are recruited in this study with four participants per single dose cohort of 30, 50, and 70 million ISC-hpNSC. The grafts are placed bilaterally in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and substantia nigra by magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic surgery. Participants are 30-70 years old with idiopathic PD ≤13 years duration and unified PD rating scale motor score (Part III) in the "OFF" state ≤49. This trial is fully funded by ISCO with no economic involvement from the patients. It is worth noting that ISCO underwent an exhaustive review process and successfully answered the very comprehensive, detailed, and specific questions posed by the TGA and HREC. The regulatory/ethic review process is based on applying scientific and clinical expertise to decision-making, to ensure that the benefits to consumers outweigh any risks associated with the use of medicines or novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glenn Sherman
- 1 International Stem Cell Corporation , Carlsbad, California
| | | | - Andrew Evans
- 2 Royal Melbourne Hospital , Parkville, Australia
| | - Russell Kern
- 1 International Stem Cell Corporation , Carlsbad, California.,3 Cyto Therapeutics , Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Chen KS, McGinley LM, Kashlan ON, Hayes JM, Bruno ES, Chang JS, Mendelson FE, Tabbey MA, Johe K, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Targeted intraspinal injections to assess therapies in rodent models of neurological disorders. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:331-349. [PMID: 30610242 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, pharmacological therapies for spinal cord motor pathologies are limited. Alternatives using macromolecular, viral, or cell-based therapies show early promise. However, introducing these substances into the spinal cord, past the blood-brain barrier, without causing injury is challenging. We describe a technique for intraspinal injection targeting the lumbar ventral horn in rodents. This technique preserves motor performance and has a proven track record of translation into phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. The procedure, in brief, involves exposure of the thoracolumbar spine and dissection of paraspinous muscles over the target vertebrae. Following laminectomy, the spine is affixed to a stereotactic frame, permitting precise and reproducible injection throughout the lumbar spine. We have used this protocol to inject various stem cell types, primarily human spinal stem cells (HSSCs); however, the injection is adaptable to any candidate therapeutic cell, virus, or macromolecule product. In addition to a detailed procedure, we provide stereotactic coordinates that assist in targeting of the lumbar spine and instructional videos. The protocol takes ~2 h per animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M McGinley
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Osama N Kashlan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John M Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Josh S Chang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Faye E Mendelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maegan A Tabbey
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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20
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McGinley LM, Kashlan ON, Bruno ES, Chen KS, Hayes JM, Kashlan SR, Raykin J, Johe K, Murphy GG, Feldman EL. Human neural stem cell transplantation improves cognition in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14776. [PMID: 30283042 PMCID: PMC6170460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation offers a potentially transformative approach to treating neurodegenerative disorders. The safety of cellular therapies is established in multiple clinical trials, including our own in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To initiate similar trials in Alzheimer's disease, efficacious cell lines must be identified. Here, we completed a preclinical proof-of-concept study in the APP/PS1 murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Human neural stem cell transplantation targeted to the fimbria fornix significantly improved cognition in two hippocampal-dependent memory tasks at 4 and 16 weeks post-transplantation. While levels of synapse-related proteins and cholinergic neurons were unaffected, amyloid plaque load was significantly reduced in stem cell transplanted mice and associated with increased recruitment of activated microglia. In vitro, these same neural stem cells induced microglial activation and amyloid phagocytosis, suggesting an immunomodulatory capacity. Although long-term transplantation resulted in significant functional and pathological improvements in APP/PS1 mice, stem cells were not identified by immunohistochemistry or PCR at the study endpoint. These data suggest integration into native tissue or the idea that transient engraftment may be adequate for therapeutic efficacy, reducing the need for continued immunosuppression. Overall, our results support further preclinical development of human neural stem cells as a safe and effective therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M McGinley
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Osama N Kashlan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John M Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Samy R Kashlan
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julia Raykin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karl Johe
- Neuralstem, Inc, Germantown, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey G Murphy
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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21
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Abati E, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Preconditioning and Cellular Engineering to Increase the Survival of Transplanted Neural Stem Cells for Motor Neuron Disease Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3356-3367. [PMID: 30120734 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the extensive research effort that has been made in the field, motor neuron diseases, namely, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophies, still represent an overwhelming cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exogenous neural stem cell-based transplantation approaches have been investigated as multifaceted strategies to both protect and repair upper and lower motor neurons from degeneration and inflammation. Transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) exert their beneficial effects not only through the replacement of damaged cells but also via bystander immunomodulatory and neurotrophic actions. Notwithstanding these promising findings, the clinical translatability of such techniques is jeopardized by the limited engraftment success and survival of transplanted cells within the hostile disease microenvironment. To overcome this obstacle, different methods to enhance graft survival, stability, and therapeutic potential have been developed, including environmental stress preconditioning, biopolymers scaffolds, and genetic engineering. In this review, we discuss current engineering techniques aimed at the exploitation of the migratory, proliferative, and secretive capacity of NSCs and their relevance for the therapeutic arsenal against motor neuron disorders and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Abati
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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22
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Goutman SA, Brown MB, Glass JD, Boulis NM, Johe K, Hazel T, Cudkowicz M, Atassi N, Borges L, Patil PG, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Long-term Phase 1/2 intraspinal stem cell transplantation outcomes in ALS. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:730-740. [PMID: 29928656 PMCID: PMC5989736 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intraspinal human spinal cord‐derived neural stem cell (HSSC) transplantation is a potential therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, previous trials lack controls. This post hoc analysis compared ambulatory limb‐onset ALS participants in Phase 1 and 2 (Ph1/2) open‐label intraspinal HSSC transplantation studies up to 3 years after transplant to matched participants in Pooled Resource Open‐Access ALS Clinical Trials (PRO‐ACT) and ceftriaxone datasets to provide required analyses to inform future clinical trial designs. Methods Survival, ALSFRS‐R, and a composite statistic (ALS/SURV) combining survival and ALS Functional Rating Scale revised (ALSFRS‐R) functional status were assessed for matched participant subsets: PRO‐ACT n = 1108, Ph1/2 n = 21 and ceftriaxone n = 177, Ph1/2 n = 20. Results Survival did not differ significantly between cohorts: Ph1/2 median survival 4.7 years, 95% CI (1.2, ∞) versus PRO‐ACT 2.3 years (1.9, 2.5), P = 1.0; Ph1/2 3.0 years (1.2, 5.6) versus ceftriaxone 2.3 years (1.8, 2.8), P = 0.88. Mean ALSFRS‐R at 24 months significantly differed between Ph1/2 and both comparison cohorts (Ph1/2 30.1 ± 8.6 vs. PRO‐ACT 24.0 ± 10.2, P = 0.048; Ph1/2 30.7 ± 8.8 vs. ceftriaxone 19.2 ± 9.5, P = 0.0023). Using ALS/SURV, median PRO‐ACT and ceftriaxone participants died by 24 months, whereas median Ph1/2 participant ALSFRS‐Rs were 23 (P = 0.0038) and 19 (P = 0.14) in PRO‐ACT and ceftriaxone comparisons at 24 months, respectively, supporting improved functional outcomes in the Ph1/2 study. Interpretation Comparison of Ph1/2 studies to historical datasets revealed significantly improved survival and function using ALS/SURV versus PRO‐ACT controls. While results are encouraging, comparison against historical populations demonstrate limitations in noncontrolled studies. These findings support continued evaluation of HSSC transplantation in ALS, support the benefit of control populations, and enable necessary power calculations to design a randomized, sham surgery‐controlled efficacy study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Morton B Brown
- Department of Biostatistics University of Michigan 1415 Washington Heights M4039 SPH II Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine 101 Woodruff Circle Atlanta Georgia 30322
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of Medicine 101 Woodruff Circle WMB Room 6309 Atlanta Georgia
| | - Karl Johe
- Neuralstem, Inc. 20271 Goldenrod Lane Suite 2033 Germantown Maryland 20876
| | - Tom Hazel
- Neuralstem, Inc. 20271 Goldenrod Lane Suite 2033 Germantown Maryland 20876
| | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 165 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Nazem Atassi
- Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 165 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Lawrence Borges
- Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 15 Parkman Street Wand ACC 745 Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Parag G Patil
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109.,Department of Neurosurgery University of Michigan 1500 E. Medical Center Drive SPC 5338 Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Stacey A Sakowski
- Program for Neurology Research and Discovery University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109.,Program for Neurology Research and Discovery University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
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23
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Abstract
Cell transplant-mediated tissue repair of the damaged spinal cord is being tested in several clinical trials. The current candidates are neural stem cells, stromal cells, and autologous Schwann cells (aSC). Due to their peripheral origin and limited penetration of astrocytic regions, aSC are transplanted intralesionally as compared to neural stem cells that are transplanted into intact spinal cord. Injections into either location can cause iatrogenic injury, and thus technical precision is important in the therapeutic risk-benefit equation. In this chapter, we discuss how we bridged from transplant studies in large animals to human application for two Phase 1 aSC transplant studies, one subacute and one chronic. Preclinical SC transplant studies conducted at the University of Miami in 2009-2012 in rodents, minipigs, and primates supported a successful Investigational New Drug (IND) submission for a Phase 1 trial in subacute complete spinal cord injury (SCI). Our studies optimized the safety and efficiency of intralesional cell delivery for subacute human SCI and led to the development of new simpler techniques for cell delivery into subjects with chronic SCI. Key parameters of delivery methodology include precision localization of the injury site, stereotaxic devices to control needle trajectory, method of entry into the spinal cord, spinal cord motion reduction, the volume and density of the cell suspension, rate of delivery, and control of shear stresses on cells.
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24
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Garbuzova-Davis S, Ehrhart J, Sanberg PR. Cord blood as a potential therapeutic for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:837-851. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1323862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jared Ehrhart
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Garbuzova-Davis S, Kurien C, Thomson A, Falco D, Ahmad S, Staffetti J, Steiner G, Abraham S, James G, Mahendrasah A, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV. Endothelial and Astrocytic Support by Human Bone Marrow Stem Cell Grafts into Symptomatic ALS Mice towards Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Repair. Sci Rep 2017; 7:884. [PMID: 28408761 PMCID: PMC5429840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular pathology, including blood-CNS barrier (B-CNS-B) damage via endothelial cell (EC) degeneration, is a recently recognized hallmark of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. B-CNS-B repair may be a new therapeutic approach for ALS. This study aimed to determine effects of transplanted unmodified human bone marrow CD34+ (hBM34+) cells into symptomatic G93A mice towards blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) repair. Thirteen weeks old G93A mice intravenously received one of three different doses of hBM34+ cells. Cell-treated, media-treated, and control mice were euthanized at 17 weeks of age. Immunohistochemical (anti-human vWF, CD45, GFAP, and Iba-1) and motor neuron histological analyses were performed in cervical and lumbar spinal cords. EB levels in spinal cord parenchyma determined capillary permeability. Transplanted hBM34+ cells improved behavioral disease outcomes and enhanced motor neuron survival, mainly in high-cell-dose mice. Transplanted cells differentiated into ECs and engrafted within numerous capillaries. Reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and enhanced perivascular end-feet astrocytes were also determined in spinal cords, mostly in high-cell-dose mice. These mice also showed significantly decreased parenchymal EB levels. EC differentiation, capillary engraftment, reduced capillary permeability, and re-established perivascular end-feet astrocytes in symptomatic ALS mice may represent BSCB repair processes, supporting hBM34+ cell transplantation as a future therapeutic strategy for ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.
| | - Crupa Kurien
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Avery Thomson
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Dimitri Falco
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Sohaib Ahmad
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Joseph Staffetti
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - George Steiner
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Sophia Abraham
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Greeshma James
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Ajay Mahendrasah
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Psychiatry, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
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Sami N, Rahman S, Kumar V, Zaidi S, Islam A, Ali S, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Protein aggregation, misfolding and consequential human neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Neurosci 2017; 127:1047-1057. [PMID: 28110595 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1286339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are major components of the biological functions in a cell. Biology demands that a protein must fold into its stable three-dimensional structure to become functional. In an unfavorable cellular environment, protein may get misfolded resulting in its aggregation. These conformational disorders are directly related to the tissue damage resulting in cellular dysfunction giving rise to different diseases. This way, several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson Huntington diseases and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are caused. Misfolding of the protein is prevented by innate molecular chaperones of different classes. It is envisaged that work on this line is likely to translate the knowledge into the development of possible strategies for early diagnosis and efficient management of such related human diseases. The present review deals with the human neurodegenerative diseases caused due to the protein misfolding highlighting pathomechanisms and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sami
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- b Department of Medical Biotechnology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
| | - Vijay Kumar
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Asimul Islam
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Sher Ali
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
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Srivastava AK, Gross SK, Almad AA, Bulte CA, Maragakis NJ, Bulte JWM. Serial in vivo imaging of transplanted allogeneic neural stem cell survival in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Exp Neurol 2016; 289:96-102. [PMID: 28038988 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are being investigated as a possible treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through intraspinal transplantation, but no longitudinal imaging studies exist that describe the survival of engrafted cells over time. Allogeneic firefly luciferase-expressing murine NSCs (Luc+-NSCs) were transplanted bilaterally (100,000 cells/2μl) into the cervical spinal cord (C5) parenchyma of pre-symptomatic (63day-old) SOD1G93A ALS mice (n=14) and wild-type age-matched littermates (n=14). Six control SOD1G93A ALS mice were injected with saline. Mice were immunosuppressed using a combination of tacrolimus+sirolimus (1mg/kg each, i.p.) daily. Compared to saline-injected SOD1G93A ALS control mice, a transient improvement (p<0.05) in motor performance (rotarod test) was observed after NSC transplantation only at the early disease stage (weeks 2 and 3 post-transplantation). Compared to day one post-transplantation, there was a significant decline in bioluminescent imaging (BLI) signal in SOD1G93A ALS mice at the time of disease onset (71.7±17.9% at 4weeks post-transplantation, p<0.05), with a complete loss of BLI signal at endpoint (120day-old mice). In contrast, BLI signal intensity was observed in wild-type littermates throughout the entire study period, with only a 41.4±8.7% decline at the endpoint. In SOD1G93A ALS mice, poor cell survival was accompanied by accumulation of mature macrophages and the presence of astrogliosis and microgliosis. We conclude that the disease progression adversely affects the survival of engrafted murine Luc+-NSCs in SOD1G93A ALS mice as a result of the hostile ALS spinal cord microenvironment, further emphasizing the challenges that face successful cell therapy of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Srivastava
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sarah K Gross
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Akshata A Almad
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Camille A Bulte
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas J Maragakis
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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28
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Tang C, Zhu L, Gan W, Liang H, Li J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Lu Y, Xu R. Distributed Features of Vimentin-Containing Neural Precursor Cells in Olfactory Bulb of SOD1G93A Transgenic Mice: a Study about Resource of Endogenous Neural Stem Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1405-1414. [PMID: 27994506 PMCID: PMC5166483 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
No any effective treatments can prevent from the motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at present. In order to modulating the endogenous neural precursor cells (NPCs) to repairing the degenerative motor neurons in ALS, we studied the alteration of endogenous vimentin-containing NPCs in olfactory bulb (OB) at the different stages of SOD1 wlid-type and G93A transgenic mice. The results showed that the vimentin-containing cells (VCCs) were mainly distributed in the glomerular layer (Gl), the accessory OB (AOB), the OB core, the granular cell layer (GRO) and the mitral cell layer (MI)+the internal plexiform layer (IPL) of the OB of adult mice. Almost all VCCs in Gl, OB core and GRO were the GFAP positive cells. Almost all VCCs in AOB were the Oligo-2 positive cells. Fewer VCCs in MI+IPL were the NeuN positive cells. VCCs significantly increased in the OB core and Gl of adult OB at the pre-onset, onset and progression stages of ALS-like G93A transgenic disease, particularly in OB core. All increased VCCs were the GFAP positive cells. Our data suggested that there extensively existed the endogenous vimentin-containing NPCs in the OB of adult mice, which was a potential resource of neural stem cells, they could differentiate into astrocyte, oligodendrocyte and neuron cells, were a potential astrocyte neuroregenerative response in adult OB in the ALS-like disease, were a potential pathway to repair the degenerated motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Tang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weiming Gan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiting Liang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China;; Department of Neurology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Renshi Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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29
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate 2,5-hexanedione-induced neuronal apoptosis through a NGF/AKT-dependent pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34715. [PMID: 27703213 PMCID: PMC5050456 DOI: 10.1038/srep34715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that the increased neuronal apoptosis is involved in n-hexane-induced neuropathy. We have recently reported that bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) attenuated 2,5-hexanedione (HD, the active metabolite of n-hexane)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Here, we explored the anti-apoptotic efficacy of BMSC in vivo. HD-treated rats received BMSC by tail vein injection 5 weeks after HD intoxication. We found that in grafted rats, BMSC significantly attenuated HD-induced neuronal apoptosis in the spinal cord, which was associated with elevation of nerve growth factor (NGF). Neutralization of NGF in BMSC-CM blocked the protection against HD-induced apoptosis in VSC4.1 cells, suggesting that NGF is essential for BMSC-afforded anti-apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that the decreased activation of Akt induced by HD was significantly recovered in the spinal cord by BMSC and in VSC4.1 cells by BMSC-CM in a TrkA-dependent manner, leading to dissociation of Bad/Bcl-xL complex in mitochondria and release of anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL. The importance of Akt was further corroborated by showing the reduced anti-apoptotic potency of BMSC in HD-intoxicated VSC4.1 cells in the presence of Akt inhibitor, MK-2206. Thus, our findings show that BMSC attenuated HD-induced neuronal apoptosis in vivo through a NGF/Akt-dependent manner, providing a novel solution against n-hexane-induced neurotoxicity.
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30
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Noto YI, Shibuya K, Vucic S, Kiernan MC. Novel therapies in development that inhibit motor neuron hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 16:1147-54. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1197774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Myers SA, Bankston AN, Burke DA, Ohri SS, Whittemore SR. Does the preclinical evidence for functional remyelination following myelinating cell engraftment into the injured spinal cord support progression to clinical trials? Exp Neurol 2016; 283:560-72. [PMID: 27085393 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews all historical literature in which rodent-derived myelinating cells have been engrafted into the contused adult rodent spinal cord. From 2500 initial PubMed citations identified, human cells grafts, bone mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, non-myelinating cell grafts, and rodent grafts into hemisection or transection models were excluded, resulting in the 67 studies encompassed in this review. Forty five of those involved central nervous system (CNS)-derived cells, including neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs), neural restricted precursor cells (NRPs) or oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and 22 studies involved Schwann cells (SC). Of the NSPC/NPC/OPC grafts, there was no consistency with respect to the types of cells grafted and/or the additional growth factors or cells co-grafted. Enhanced functional recovery was reported in 31/45 studies, but only 20 of those had appropriate controls making conclusive interpretation of the remaining studies impossible. Of those 20, 19 were properly powered and utilized appropriate statistical analyses. Ten of those 19 studies reported the presence of graft-derived myelin, 3 reported evidence of endogenous remyelination or myelin sparing, and 2 reported both. For the SC grafts, 16/21 reported functional improvement, with 11 having appropriate cellular controls and 9/11 using proper statistical analyses. Of those 9, increased myelin was reported in 6 studies. The lack of consistency and replication among these preclinical studies are discussed with respect to the progression of myelinating cell transplantation therapies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Myers
- 511 S. Floyd St., MDR 623, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Andrew N Bankston
- 511 S. Floyd St., MDR 623, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Darlene A Burke
- 511 S. Floyd St., MDR 623, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sujata Saraswat Ohri
- 511 S. Floyd St., MDR 623, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Scott R Whittemore
- 511 S. Floyd St., MDR 623, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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