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Ng W, Lam Y, Hu R, Ng W, Yeung Y. Zwitterion‐Catalyzed Amino‐Dibromination of Nitroalkenes: Scope, Mechanism, and Application to The Synthesis of Glycinamides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wing‐Hin Ng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Pong Lam
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Rong‐Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Wing‐Lok Ng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
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Gonsior M, Mühlenweg A, Tietzmann M, Rausch S, Poch A, Süssmuth RD. Biosynthesis of the Peptide Antibiotic Feglymycin by a Linear Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Mechanism. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2610-4. [PMID: 26515424 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Feglymycin, a peptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. DSM 11171, consists mostly of nonproteinogenic phenylglycine-type amino acids. It possesses antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and antiviral activity against HIV. Inhibition of the early steps of bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis indicated a mode of action different from those of other peptide antibiotics. Here we describe the identification and assignment of the feglymycin (feg) biosynthesis gene cluster, which codes for a 13-module nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) system. Inactivation of an NRPS gene and supplementation of a hydroxymandelate oxidase mutant with the amino acid l-Hpg proved the identity of the feg cluster. Feeding of Hpg-related unnatural amino acids was not successful. This characterization of the feg cluster is an important step to understanding the biosynthesis of this potent antibacterial peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Gonsior
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Mühlenweg
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Tietzmann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Rausch
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Poch
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roderich D Süssmuth
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Bode HB, Brachmann AO, Jadhav KB, Seyfarth L, Dauth C, Fuchs SW, Kaiser M, Waterfield NR, Sack H, Heinemann SH, Arndt HD. Structure Elucidation and Activity of Kolossin A, theD-/L-Pentadecapeptide Product of a Giant Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10352-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Strukturaufklärung und Aktivität des aus einer riesigen nicht- ribosomalen Peptidsynthetase stammendenD-/L-Pentadecapeptids Kolossin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mao J, Kuranaga T, Hamamoto H, Sekimizu K, Inoue M. Rational Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Lactam-Bridged Gramicidin A Analogues: Discovery of a Low-Hemolytic Antibacterial Peptide. ChemMedChem 2014; 10:540-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schubert V, Di Meo F, Saaidi PL, Bartoschek S, Fiedler HP, Trouillas P, Süssmuth RD. Stereochemistry and Conformation of Skyllamycin, a Non-Ribosomally Synthesized Peptide fromStreptomycessp. Acta 2897. Chemistry 2014; 20:4948-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lichtenecker RJ, Ellinger B, Han HM, Jadhav KB, Baumann S, Makarewicz O, Grabenbauer M, Arndt HD. Iterative antimicrobial candidate selection from informed d-/l-Peptide dimer libraries. Chembiochem 2013; 14:2492-9. [PMID: 24151156 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growing resistance to antibiotics, as well as newly emerging pathogens, stimulate the investigation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as therapeutic agents. Here, we report a new library design concept based on a stochastic distribution of natural AMP amino acid sequences onto half-length synthetic peptides. For these compounds, a non-natural motif of alternating D- and L-backbone stereochemistry of the peptide chain predisposed for β-helix formation was explored. Synthetic D-/L-peptides with permuted half-length sequences were delineated from a full-length starter sequence and covalently recombined to create two-dimensional compound arrays for antibacterial screening. Using the natural AMP magainin as a seed sequence, we identified and iteratively optimized hit compounds showing high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with low hemolytic activity. Cryo-electron microscopy characterized the membrane-associated mechanism of action of the new D-/L-peptide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman J Lichtenecker
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany); Current address: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Wien (Austria)
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8
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Hänchen A, Rausch S, Landmann B, Toti L, Nusser A, Süssmuth RD. Alanine scan of the peptide antibiotic feglymycin: assessment of amino acid side chains contributing to antimicrobial activity. Chembiochem 2013; 14:625-32. [PMID: 23447362 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic feglymycin is a linear 13-mer peptide synthesized by the bacterium Streptomyces sp. DSM 11171. It mainly consists of the nonproteinogenic amino acids 4-hydroxyphenylglycine and 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. An alanine scan of feglymycin was performed by solution-phase peptide synthesis in order to assess the significance of individual amino acid side chains for biological activity. Hence, 13 peptides were synthesized from di- and tripeptide building blocks, and subsequently tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Furthermore we tested the inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes MurA and MurC, which are inhibited by feglymycin. Whereas the antibacterial activity is significantly based on the three amino acids D-Hpg1, L-Hpg5, and L-Phe12, the inhibitory activity against MurA and MurC depends mainly on L-Asp13. The difference in the position dependence for antibacterial activity and enzyme inhibition suggests multiple molecular targets in the modes of action of feglymycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hänchen
- Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät II, Institut für Chemie, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Demizu Y, Doi M, Sato Y, Tanaka M, Okuda H, Kurihara M. Screw-Sense Control of Helical Oligopeptides Containing Equal Amounts of L- and D-Amino Acids. Chemistry 2011; 17:11107-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yeh JI, Pohl E, Truan D, He W, Sheldrick GM, Du S, Achim C. The crystal structure of non-modified and bipyridine-modified PNA duplexes. Chemistry 2010; 16:11867-75. [PMID: 20859960 PMCID: PMC3194003 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a synthetic analogue of DNA that commonly has an N-aminoethyl glycine backbone. The crystal structures of two PNA duplexes, one containing eight standard nucleobase pairs (GGCATGCC)(2), and the other containing the same nucleobase pairs and a central pair of bipyridine ligands, have been solved with a resolution of 1.22 and 1.10 Å, respectively. The non-modified PNA duplex adopts a P-type helical structure similar to that of previously characterized PNAs. The atomic-level resolution of the structures allowed us to observe for the first time specific modes of interaction between the terminal lysines of the PNA and the backbone and the nucleobases situated in the vicinity of the lysines, which are considered an important factor in the induction of a preferred handedness in PNA duplexes. Our results support the notion that whereas PNA typically adopts a P-type helical structure, its flexibility is relatively high. For example, the base-pair rise in the bipyridine-containing PNA is the largest measured to date in a PNA homoduplex. The two bipyridines bulge out of the duplex and are aligned parallel to the major groove of the PNA. In addition, two bipyridines from adjacent PNA duplexes form a π-stacked pair that relates the duplexes within the crystal. The bulging out of the bipyridines causes bending of the PNA duplex, which is in contrast to the structure previously reported for biphenyl-modified DNA duplexes in solution, where the biphenyls are π stacked with adjacent nucleobase pairs and adopt an intrahelical geometry. This difference shows that relatively small perturbations can significantly impact the relative position of nucleobase analogues in nucleic acid duplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne I. Yeh
- Department of Structural Biology University of Pittsburgh Medical School Pittsburgh, PA 15260 (USA)
| | - Ehmke Pohl
- Department of Chemistry and School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Durham University South Road, Durham DH1 3LE (UK)
| | - Daphne Truan
- Swiss Light Source Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-52323 Villigen, PSI (Switzerland)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 5 Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (USA)
| | - George M. Sheldrick
- Institut of Inorganic Chemistry University of GöttingenTammanstr. 4, 37077 Göttingen (Germany)
| | - Shoucheng Du
- Department of Structural Biology University of Pittsburgh Medical School Pittsburgh, PA 15260 (USA)
| | - Catalina Achim
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 5 Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (USA)
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Baptiste B, Zhu J, Haldar D, Kauffmann B, Léger JM, Huc I. Hybridization of Long Pyridine-Dicarboxamide Oligomers into Multi-Turn Double Helices: Slow Strand Association and Dissociation, Solvent Dependence, and Solid State Structures. Chem Asian J 2010; 5:1364-75. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Kulp J, Clark T. Engineering a β-Helical d,l-Peptide for Folding in Polar Media. Chemistry 2009; 15:11867-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Dettner F, Hänchen A, Schols D, Toti L, Nußer A, Süssmuth R. Totalsynthese des antiviralen Peptidantibiotikums Feglymycin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Dettner F, Hänchen A, Schols D, Toti L, Nußer A, Süssmuth R. Total Synthesis of the Antiviral Peptide Antibiotic Feglymycin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1856-61. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sheldrick GM. A short history of SHELX. Acta Crystallogr A 2007; 64:112-22. [PMID: 18156677 DOI: 10.1107/s0108767307043930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70330] [Impact Index Per Article: 4137.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An account is given of the development of the SHELX system of computer programs from SHELX-76 to the present day. In addition to identifying useful innovations that have come into general use through their implementation in SHELX, a critical analysis is presented of the less-successful features, missed opportunities and desirable improvements for future releases of the software. An attempt is made to understand how a program originally designed for photographic intensity data, punched cards and computers over 10000 times slower than an average modern personal computer has managed to survive for so long. SHELXL is the most widely used program for small-molecule refinement and SHELXS and SHELXD are often employed for structure solution despite the availability of objectively superior programs. SHELXL also finds a niche for the refinement of macromolecules against high-resolution or twinned data; SHELXPRO acts as an interface for macromolecular applications. SHELXC, SHELXD and SHELXE are proving useful for the experimental phasing of macromolecules, especially because they are fast and robust and so are often employed in pipelines for high-throughput phasing. This paper could serve as a general literature citation when one or more of the open-source SHELX programs (and the Bruker AXS version SHELXTL) are employed in the course of a crystal-structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Sheldrick
- Department of Structural Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Goettingen, Germany.
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Haldar D, Jiang H, Léger JM, Huc I. Interstrand Interactions between Side Chains in a Double-Helical Foldamer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5483-6. [PMID: 16850517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Haldar
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
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17
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Haldar D, Jiang H, Léger JM, Huc I. Interstrand Interactions between Side Chains in a Double-Helical Foldamer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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