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Drummond L, Haque PJ, Gu B, Jung JS, Schewe H, Dickschat JS, Buchhaupt M. High Versatility of IPP and DMAPP Methyltransferases Enables Synthesis of C6, C7 and C8 Terpenoid Building Blocks. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200091. [PMID: 35593726 PMCID: PMC9401056 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The natural substance class of terpenoids covers an extremely wide range of different structures, although their building block repertoire is limited to the C5 compounds DMAPP and IPP. This study aims at the characterization of methyltransferases (MTases) that modify these terpene precursors and the demonstration of their suitability for biotechnological purposes. All seven enzymes tested accepted IPP as substrate and altogether five C6 compounds and six C7 compounds were formed within the reactions. A high selectivity for the deprotonation site as well as high stereoselectivity could be observed for most of the biocatalysts. Only the enzyme from Micromonospora humi also accepted DMAPP as substrate, converting it into (2R)‐2‐methyl‐IPP in vitro. In vivo studies demonstrated the production of a C8 compound and a hydride shift step within the MTase‐catalyzed reaction. Our study presents IPP/DMAPP MTases with very different catalytic properties, which provide biosynthetic access to many novel terpene‐derived structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Drummond
- DECHEMA Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Parab J Haque
- DECHEMA Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Binbin Gu
- Universität Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Julia S Jung
- DECHEMA Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Hendrik Schewe
- DECHEMA Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Markus Buchhaupt
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Industrial Biotechnology, Theodor Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
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Drummond L, von Wallbrunn C, Buchhaupt M. Microbial Degradation of 2-Methylisoborneol in Forest Soil. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100734. [PMID: 34964253 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms use a complex array of chemical compounds to interact with their surroundings. They produce and process different molecules in response to changes in the environment or in their metabolism. One of the most well-known volatile organic compounds produced by microorganisms is the C11-terpenoid 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), which has received attention because of the off-flavor it confers to fresh and reservoir water as well as to cultured fish. Cleaning water supplies of the off-flavor 2-MIB has been of interest for the scientific community for years, with the use of techniques that are either expensive, e. g., activated carbon, or create toxic byproducts, e. g., ozonation. In the present study, soil samples from nature were collected from a forest and the volatile organic compounds produced by microbes were extracted and analyzed with focus on non-canonical terpenoid structures. HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis of soil samples revealed 1-methylcamphene (1-MC), 2-methylenebornane (2-MB) and 2-MIB as C11-terpenoids. Due to the high 1-MC/2-MIB ratio compared to previous reports, it was hypothesized that microbial degradation of 2-MIB was in place. Addition of synthetic 2-MIB to biologically active soil revealed complete degradation of the pollutant to 2-MB, 1-MC and 2-methyl-2-bornene (2-M2B). The results suggest the potential of using respective natural microorganisms for biodegradation of 2-MIB, with applications in water treatment, fishery and soil ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Drummond
- Microbial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Christian von Wallbrunn
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Markus Buchhaupt
- Microbial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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3
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Hou A, Dickschat JS. Using Terpene Synthase Plasticity in Catalysis: On the Enzymatic Conversion of Synthetic Farnesyl Diphosphate Analogues. Chemistry 2021; 27:15644-15649. [PMID: 34519398 PMCID: PMC9292696 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Four synthetic farnesyl diphosphate analogues were enzymatically converted with three bacterial sesquiterpene synthases, including β‐himachalene synthase (HcS) and (Z)‐γ‐bisabolene synthase (BbS) from Cryptosporangium arvum, and germacrene A synthase (SmTS6) from Streptomyces mobaraensis. These enzyme reactions not only yielded several previously unknown compounds, showing that this approach opened the door to a new chemical space, but substrates with blocked or altered reactivities also gave interesting insights into the cyclisation mechanisms and the potential to catalyse reactions with different initial cyclisation modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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4
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Lauterbach L, Hou A, Dickschat JS. Rerouting and Improving Dauc-8-en-11-ol Synthase from Streptomyces venezuelae to a High Yielding Biocatalyst. Chemistry 2021; 27:7923-7929. [PMID: 33769623 PMCID: PMC8252471 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dauc‐8‐en‐11‐ol synthase from Streptomyces venezuelae was investigated for its catalytic activity towards alternative terpene precursors, specifically designed to enable new cyclisation pathways. Exchange of aromatic amino acid residues at the enzyme surface by site‐directed mutagenesis led to a 4‐fold increase of the yield in preparative scale incubations, which likely results from an increased enzyme stability instead of improved enzyme kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lauterbach
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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Hou A, Lauterbach L, Dickschat JS. Enzymatic Synthesis of Methylated Terpene Analogues Using the Plasticity of Bacterial Terpene Synthases. Chemistry 2020; 26:2178-2182. [PMID: 31898827 PMCID: PMC7065205 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Methylated analogues of isopentenyl diphosphate were synthesised and enzymatically incorporated into methylated terpenes. A detailed stereochemical analysis of the obtained products is presented. The methylated terpene precursors were also used in conjunction with various isotopic labellings to gain insights into the mechanisms of their enzymatic formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Lukas Lauterbach
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse 153121BonnGermany
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Murai K, Lauterbach L, Teramoto K, Quan Z, Barra L, Yamamoto T, Nonaka K, Shiomi K, Nishiyama M, Kuzuyama T, Dickschat JS. An Unusual Skeletal Rearrangement in the Biosynthesis of the Sesquiterpene Trichobrasilenol from Trichoderma. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15046-15050. [PMID: 31418991 PMCID: PMC7687074 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The skeletons of some classes of terpenoids are unusual in that they contain a larger number of Me groups (or their biosynthetic equivalents such as olefinic methylene groups, hydroxymethyl groups, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids and their derivatives) than provided by their oligoprenyl diphosphate precursor. This is sometimes the result of an oxidative ring-opening reaction at a terpene-cyclase-derived molecule containing the regular number of Me group equivalents, as observed for picrotoxan sesquiterpenes. In this study a sesquiterpene cyclase from Trichoderma spp. is described that can convert farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) directly via a remarkable skeletal rearrangement into trichobrasilenol, a new brasilane sesquiterpene with one additional Me group equivalent compared to FPP. A mechanistic hypothesis for the formation of the brasilane skeleton is supported by extensive isotopic labelling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Murai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
| | - Lukas Lauterbach
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Kazuya Teramoto
- Biotechnology Research CenterThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
| | - Zhiyang Quan
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Lena Barra
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Kitasato Institute for Life SciencesKitasato University5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-kuTokyo108-8641Japan
| | - Kenichi Nonaka
- Kitasato Institute for Life SciencesKitasato University5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-kuTokyo108-8641Japan
| | - Kazuro Shiomi
- Kitasato Institute for Life SciencesKitasato University5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-kuTokyo108-8641Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Biotechnology Research CenterThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative MicrobiologyThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-kuTokyo113-8657Japan
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
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Murai K, Lauterbach L, Teramoto K, Quan Z, Barra L, Yamamoto T, Nonaka K, Shiomi K, Nishiyama M, Kuzuyama T, Dickschat JS. Eine ungewöhnliche Gerüstumlagerung in der Biosynthese des Sesquiterpens Trichobrasilenol aus Trichoderma. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Murai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Lukas Lauterbach
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Kazuya Teramoto
- Biotechnology Research Center The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Zhiyang Quan
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Lena Barra
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Kenichi Nonaka
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Kazuro Shiomi
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Biotechnology Research Center The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyu-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
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Drummond L, Kschowak MJ, Breitenbach J, Wolff H, Shi YM, Schrader J, Bode HB, Sandmann G, Buchhaupt M. Expanding the Isoprenoid Building Block Repertoire with an IPP Methyltransferase from Streptomyces monomycini. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:1303-1313. [PMID: 31059642 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many synthetic biology approaches aim at expanding the product diversity of enzymes or whole biosynthetic pathways. However, the chemical structure space of natural product forming routes is often restricted by the limited cellular availability of different starting intermediates. Although the terpene biosynthesis pathways are highly modular, their starting intermediates are almost exclusively the C5 units IPP and DMAPP. To amplify the possibilities of terpene biosynthesis through the modification of its building blocks, we identified and characterized a SAM-dependent methyltransferase converting IPP into a variety of C6 and C7 prenyl pyrophosphates. Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli not only extended the intracellular prenyl pyrophosphate spectrum with mono- or dimethylated IPP and DMAPP, but also enabled the biosynthesis of C11, C12, C16, and C17 prenyl pyrophosphates. We furthermore demonstrated the general high promiscuity of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways toward uncommon building blocks by the E. coli-based production of polymethylated C41, C42, and C43 carotenoids. Integration of the IPP methyltransferase in terpene synthesis pathways enables an expansion of the terpenoid structure space beyond the borders predetermined by the isoprene rule which indicates a restricted synthesis by condensation of C5 units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Drummond
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Max J. Kschowak
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jürgen Breitenbach
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hendrik Wolff
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yi-Ming Shi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Schrader
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Helge B. Bode
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sandmann
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Buchhaupt
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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Schifrin A, Ly TTB, Günnewich N, Zapp J, Thiel V, Schulz S, Hannemann F, Khatri Y, Bernhardt R. Characterization of the Gene Cluster CYP264B1-geoA fromSorangium cellulosumSo ce56: Biosynthesis of (+)-Eremophilene and Its Hydroxylation. Chembiochem 2014; 16:337-44. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Rabe P, Citron CA, Dickschat JS. Volatile Terpenes from Actinomycetes: A Biosynthetic Study Correlating Chemical Analyses to Genome Data. Chembiochem 2013; 14:2345-54. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Brock NL, Ravella SR, Schulz S, Dickschat JS. A Detailed View of 2-Methylisoborneol Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2100-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Brock NL, Ravella SR, Schulz S, Dickschat JS. Eine Nahaufnahme der 2-Methylisoborneol-Biosynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Volatile Mediated Interactions Between Bacteria and Fungi in the Soil. J Chem Ecol 2012; 38:665-703. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-012-0135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Citron CA, Gleitzmann J, Laurenzano G, Pukall R, Dickschat JS. Terpenoids are widespread in actinomycetes: a correlation of secondary metabolism and genome data. Chembiochem 2011; 13:202-14. [PMID: 22213220 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The genomes of all bacteria with publicly available sequenced genomes have been screened for the presence of sesquiterpene cyclase homologues, resulting in the identification of 55 putative geosmin synthases, 23 homologues of 2-methylisoborneol synthases, and 98 other sesquiterpene cyclase homologues. Most of these enzymes by far were found in actinomycetes. The terpenoid volatiles from 35 strains, including 31 actinomycetes and four strains from other taxa, were collected by using a closed-loop stripping apparatus and identified by GC-MS. All of these bacteria apart from one strain encode sesquiterpene cyclase homologues in their genomes. The identified volatile terpenoids were grouped according to structural similarities and their biosynthetic relationship, and the results of these analyses were correlated to the available genome information, resulting in valuable new insights into bacterial terpene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Citron
- Institut für Organische Chemie, TU Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Nakano C, Kim HK, Ohnishi Y. Identification and Characterization of the Linalool/Nerolidol Synthase from Streptomyces clavuligerus. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2403-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Dickschat JS, Brock NL, Citron CA, Tudzynski B. Biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2088-95. [PMID: 21748838 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The volatiles of the fungus Fusarium verticillioides were analysed by GC-MS. Sesquiterpenes dominated, with trichodiene as the principle component. Several other sesquiterpenes were detected in low amounts that were unambiguously identified from their mass spectra and retention indices. The absolute configurations of (R)-β-bisabolene, (R)-cuparene, (+)-β-barbatene, (-)-α-cedrene, (+)-β-cedrene, and (+)-α-funebrene originating from different key cationic intermediates, were determined by chiral GC-MS and proved to be related to the trichodiene stereostructure. The unusual compound (E)-iso-γ-bisabolene was also found corroborating a previously suggested mechanism for the cyclisation of the bisabolyl to the cuprenyl cation that is based on quantum mechanical calculations (Y. J. Hong, D. J. Tantillo, Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 4601-4604). These analyses resulted in a revised biosynthesis scheme to trichodiene and the side products of the responsible terpene cyclase, trichodiene synthase, an enzyme that is well characterised from Fusarium sporotrichioides. Feeding studies with several deuterated mevalonolactone isotopomers unravelled stereochemical aspects of the late cyclisations towards trichodiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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