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Zhang H, Li Y, Zhang YF, Qiao XJ, Sun LY, Li J, Wang YY, Han YF. Solvato-Controlled Assembly and Structural Transformation of Emissive Poly-NHC-Based Organometallic Cages and Their Applications in Amino Acid Sensing and Fluorescence Imaging. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300209. [PMID: 36762405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-induced structural transformation of supramolecular cages has drawn increasing attention because of their sensitive feature to external variations as model systems to simulate biological processes. However, combining structural transformation and useful functions has remained a difficult task. This study reports the solvato-controlled self-assembly of two unique topologies with different emission characteristics, a water-soluble Ag8 L4 cage (A) and an Ag4 L2 cage (B), produced from the same sulfonate-pendant tetraphenylethene (TPE) bridged tetrakis-(1,2,4-triazolium) ligand. Both cages show interesting solvent-responsive reversible structural transformation, and the change of fluorescence signals can efficiently track the process. Additionally, water-soluble cage A exhibits unique properties in thermochromism, thiol amino acid sensing, and subcellular imaging in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and, Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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2
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Thomas CM, Liang W, Preston D, Doonan CJ, White NG. Post‐Synthetic Modification of a Porous Hydrocarbon Cage to Give a Discrete Co
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Organometallic Complex**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200958. [PMID: 35863888 PMCID: PMC9544953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new alkyne‐based hydrocarbon cage was synthesized in high overall yield using alkyne‐alkyne coupling in the cage forming step. The cage is porous and displays a moderately high BET surface area (546 m2 g−1). The cage loses crystallinity on activation and thus is porous in its amorphous form, while very similar cages have been either non‐porous, or retained crystallinity on activation. Reaction of the cage with Co2(CO)8 results in exhaustive metalation of its 12 alkyne groups to give the Co24(CO)72 adduct of the cage in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chriso M. Thomas
- Research School of ChemistryThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced MaterialsThe University of AdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of ChemistryThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Christian J. Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced MaterialsThe University of AdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Nicholas G. White
- Research School of ChemistryThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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3
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Mu C, Ma L, Yuan H, Ling S, Wang H, Li X, Zhang M. Hexaphenylbenzene-Based Deep Blue-Emissive Metallacages as Donors for Light-Harvesting Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207289. [PMID: 35686675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the preparation of a series of hexaphenylbenzene (HPB)-based deep blue-emissive metallacages via multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly. These metallacages feature prismatic structures with HPB derivatives as the faces and tetracarboxylic ligands as the pillars, as evidenced by NMR, mass spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analysis. Light-harvesting systems were further constructed by employing the metallacages as the donor and a naphthalimide derivative (NAP) as the acceptor, owing to their good spectral overlap. The judiciously chosen metallacage serves as the antenna, providing the suitable energy to excite the non-emissive NAP, and thus resulting in bright emission for NAP in the solid state. This study provides a type of HPB-based multicomponent emissive metallacage and explores their applications as energy donors to light up non-emissive fluorophores in the solid state, which will advance the development of emissive metallacages as useful luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Mu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hongye Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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4
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Mu C, Ma L, Yuan H, Ling S, Wang H, Li X, Zhang M. Hexaphenylbenzene‐Based Deep Blue‐Emissive Metallacages as Donors for Light‐Harvesting Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Liu
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Chaoqun Mu
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Lingzhi Ma
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Hongye Yuan
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials CHINA
| | - Sanliang Ling
- University of Nottingham University Park Campus: University of Nottingham Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Heng Wang
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering CHINA
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong Univeristy School of Material and Science No. 28 Xianning West Road 710049 Xi'an CHINA
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5
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Han Y, Yin Y, Wang F, Wang F. Single-Photon Near-Infrared-Responsiveness from the Molecular to the Supramolecular Level via Platination of Pentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14076-14082. [PMID: 33829624 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) responsiveness is important for various applications. Currently, single-photon NIR-responsive systems are rare compared to systems that display two-photon absorption and triplet-triplet annihilation processes. Supramolecular stacking of photo-responsive chromophores results in decreased efficiency due to space-confinement effects. Herein we show that σ-platination of pentacenes is a feasible protocol to build single-photon NIR-responsive systems, with advantages including a low HOMO-LUMO energy gap, high photochemical efficiency, and pathway specificity. The pentacene-to-endoperoxidation transformation is accompanied by color and absorbance changes. The high photo-oxygenation efficiency of σ-platinated pentacenes facilitates NIR responsiveness in one-dimensional supramolecular polymers, resulting in the disappearance of supramolecular chirality signals and disruption of self-assembled nanofibers. Overall, the σ-platination strategy opens up new avenues toward NIR photo-responsive materials at the molecular and supramolecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yueru Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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6
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Single‐Photon Near‐Infrared‐Responsiveness from the Molecular to the Supramolecular Level via Platination of Pentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Tsuchido Y, Abe R, Ide T, Osakada K. A Macrocyclic Gold(I)-Biphenylene Complex: Triangular Molecular Structure with Twisted Au 2 (diphosphine) Corners and Reductive Elimination of [6]Cycloparaphenylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22928-22932. [PMID: 32692468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The digold(I) complex [Au2 Cl2 (Cy2 PCH2 PCy2 )] reacts with 4,4'-diphenylene diboronic acid to form a triangular macrocyclic complex with twisted Au-P-C-P-Au groups at the three corners. The synthesis of the complex and its chemical oxidation produced [6]cycloparaphenylene ([6]CPP) in 59 % overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Tsuchido
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Ryota Abe
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ide
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College, 1220-2 Kunugida-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 193-0997, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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8
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Tsuchido Y, Abe R, Ide T, Osakada K. A Macrocyclic Gold(I)–Biphenylene Complex: Triangular Molecular Structure with Twisted Au
2
(diphosphine) Corners and Reductive Elimination of [6]Cycloparaphenylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Tsuchido
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science 1–3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Ryota Abe
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Tomohito Ide
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College 1220-2 Kunugida-machi, Hachioji-shi Tokyo 193-0997 Japan
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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9
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Hua K, An Y, Wang Y, Han Y. Supramolecular Construction of a [16]‐Imidazolium Cage via a Quadruple [2+2] Photocycloaddition and Its Selective Fluorescent Recognition of Pyranine (HPTS). Chemistry 2020; 26:7190-7193. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hua
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the, Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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10
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Ibáñez S, Peris E. Dimensional Matching versus Induced‐Fit Distortions: Binding Affinities of Planar and Curved Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons with a Tetragold Metallorectangle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ibáñez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM)Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n. 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM)Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n. 12071 Castellón Spain
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11
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Ibáñez S, Peris E. Dimensional Matching versus Induced-Fit Distortions: Binding Affinities of Planar and Curved Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons with a Tetragold Metallorectangle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6860-6865. [PMID: 32053282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A tetragold(I) rectangle-like metallocage containing two pyrene-bis-imidazolylidene ligands and two carbazolyl-bis-alkynyl linkers is used for the encapsulation of a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including corannulene. The binding affinities obtained for the encapsulation of the planar PAHs guests in CD2 Cl2 are found to exponentially increase with the number of π-electrons of the guest (1.3 > logK >6.6). For the bowl-shaped molecule of corannulene, the association constant is much lower than the expected one according to its number of electrons. The molecular structure of the host-guest complex formed with corannulene shows that the molecule of the guest is compressed, while the host is expanded, thus showing an interesting case of artificial mutual induced-fit arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ibáñez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n., 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n., 12071, Castellón, Spain
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12
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Li Y, An Y, Fan J, Liu X, Li X, Hahn FE, Wang Y, Han Y. Strategy for the Construction of Diverse Poly‐NHC‐Derived Assemblies and Their Photoinduced Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Zhong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms- Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Yao‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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13
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Li Y, An YY, Fan JZ, Liu XX, Li X, Hahn FE, Wang YY, Han YF. Strategy for the Construction of Diverse Poly-NHC-Derived Assemblies and Their Photoinduced Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:10073-10080. [PMID: 31589799 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of supramolecular assemblies of types [Ag8 (L)4 ](PF6 )8 and [Ag4 (L)2 ](PF6 )4 , obtained from the tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bridged tetrakis(1,2,4-triazolium) salts H4 -L(PF6 )4 and AgI ions, is described. The assembly type obtained dependends on the N-wingtip substituents of H4 -L(PF6 )4 . Changes in the lengths of the N4-wingtip substituents enables controlled formation of assemblies with either [Ag4 (L)2 ](PF6 )4 or [Ag8 (L)4 ](PF6 )8 stoichiometry. The molecular structures of selected [Ag8 (L)4 ](PF6 )8 and [Ag4 (L)2 ](PF6 )4 assemblies were determined by X-ray diffraction analyses. While H4 -L(PF6 )4 does not exhibit fluorescence in solution, their tetra-NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) assemblies do upon NHC-metal coordination. Upon irradiation, all assemblies undergo a light-induced, supramolecule-to-supramolecule structural transformation by an oxidative photocyclization involving phenyl groups of the TPE core, resulting in a significant change of the luminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Zhong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - F Ekkehardt Hahn
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.,Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Yao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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