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Moud AA. Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching in Colloidal Science: Introduction and Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1028-1048. [PMID: 35201752 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching) is a method for determining diffusion in material science. In industrial applications such as medications, foods, Medtech, hygiene, and textiles, the diffusion process has a substantial influence on the overall qualities of goods. All these complex and heterogeneous systems have diffusion-based processes at the local level. FRAP is a fluorescence-based approach for detecting diffusion; in this method, a high-intensity laser is made for a brief period and then applied to the samples, bleaching the fluorescent chemical inside the region, which is subsequently filled up by natural diffusion. This brief Review will focus on the existing research on employing FRAP to measure colloidal system heterogeneity and explore diffusion into complicated structures. This description of FRAP will be followed by a discussion of how FRAP is intended to be used in colloidal science. When constructing the current Review, the most recent publications were reviewed for this assessment. Because of the large number of FRAP articles in colloidal research, there is currently a dearth of knowledge regarding the growth of FRAP's significance to colloidal science. Colloids make up only 2% of FRAP papers, according to ISI Web of Knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Explicit-pH Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations Enable Insights into Restructuring of Intestinal Colloidal Aggregates with Permeation Enhancers. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Permeation enhancers (PEs) can increase the bioavailability of drugs. The mechanisms of action of these PEs are complex, but, typically, when used for oral administration, they can transiently induce the alteration of trans- and paracellular pathways, including increased solubilization and membrane fluidity, or the opening of the tight junctions. To elucidate these mechanistic details, it is important to understand the aggregation behavior of not only the PEs themselves but also other molecules already present in the intestine. Aggregation processes depend critically on, among other factors, the charge state of ionizable chemical groups, which is affected by the pH of the system. In this study, we used explicit-pH coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the aggregation behavior and pH dependence of two commonly used PEs—caprate and SNAC—together with other components of fasted- and fed-state simulated intestinal fluids. We also present and validate a coarse-grained molecular topology for the bile salt taurocholate suitable for the Martini3 force-field. Our results indicate an increase in the number of free molecules as a function of the system pH and for each combination of FaSSIF/FeSSIF and PEs. In addition, there are differences between caprate and SNAC, which are rationalized based on their different molecular structures and critical micelle concentrations.
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Zhou S, Xie L, Li X, Huang Y, Zhang L, Liang Q, Yan M, Zeng J, Qiu B, Liu T, Tang J, Wen L, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Super‐Assembly of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon‐Silica/AAO Hybrid Membrane with Enhanced Permselectivity for Temperature‐ and pH‐Sensitive Smart Ion Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Qirui Liang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Beilei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
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Zhou S, Xie L, Li X, Huang Y, Zhang L, Liang Q, Yan M, Zeng J, Qiu B, Liu T, Tang J, Wen L, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Super-Assembly of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon-Silica/AAO Hybrid Membrane with Enhanced Permselectivity for Temperature- and pH-Sensitive Smart Ion Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26167-26176. [PMID: 34605141 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluidic devices have been widely used for diode-like ion transport and salinity gradients energy conversion. Emerging reverse electrodialysis (RED) nanofluidic systems based on nanochannel membrane display great superiority in salinity gradient energy harvesting. However, the imbalance between permeability and selectivity limits their practical application. Here, a new mesoporous carbon-silica/anodized aluminum (MCS/AAO) nanofluidic device with enhanced permselectivity for temperature- and pH-regulated energy generation was obtained by interfacial super-assembly method. A maximum power density of 5.04 W m-2 is achieved, and a higher performance can be obtained by regulating temperature and pH. Theoretical calculations are further implemented to reveal the mechanism for ion rectification, ion selectivity and energy conversion. Results show that the MCS/AAO hybrid membrane has great superiority in diode-like ion transport, temperature- and pH-regulated salinity gradient energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yanan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qirui Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Beilei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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Advanced Static and Dynamic Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques to Investigate Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060861. [PMID: 34208080 PMCID: PMC8230741 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade(s), fluorescence microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) have been widely employed to investigate biological and biomimetic systems for pharmaceutical applications, to determine the localization of drugs in tissues or entire organisms or the extent of their cellular uptake (in vitro). However, the diffraction limit of light, which limits the resolution to hundreds of nanometers, has for long time restricted the extent and quality of information and insight achievable through these techniques. The advent of super-resolution microscopic techniques, recognized with the 2014 Nobel prize in Chemistry, revolutionized the field thanks to the possibility to achieve nanometric resolution, i.e., the typical scale length of chemical and biological phenomena. Since then, fluorescence microscopy-related techniques have acquired renewed interest for the scientific community, both from the perspective of instrument/techniques development and from the perspective of the advanced scientific applications. In this contribution we will review the application of these techniques to the field of drug delivery, discussing how the latest advancements of static and dynamic methodologies have tremendously expanded the experimental opportunities for the characterization of drug delivery systems and for the understanding of their behaviour in biologically relevant environments.
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