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Armaly AM, DePorre YC, Groso EJ, Riehl PS, Schindler CS. Discovery of Novel Synthetic Methodologies and Reagents during Natural Product Synthesis in the Post-Palytoxin Era. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9232-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam M. Armaly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yvonne C. DePorre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Emilia J. Groso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Paul S. Riehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Nicolaou KC, Hale CRH, Nilewski C, Ioannidou HA. Constructing molecular complexity and diversity: total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5185-238. [PMID: 22743704 PMCID: PMC3426871 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advent of organic synthesis and the understanding of the molecule as they occurred in the nineteenth century and were refined in the twentieth century constitute two of the most profound scientific developments of all time. These discoveries set in motion a revolution that shaped the landscape of the molecular sciences and changed the world. Organic synthesis played a major role in this revolution through its ability to construct the molecules of the living world and others like them whose primary element is carbon. Although the early beginnings of organic synthesis came about serendipitously, organic chemists quickly recognized its potential and moved decisively to advance and exploit it in myriad ways for the benefit of mankind. Indeed, from the early days of the synthesis of urea and the construction of the first carbon-carbon bond, the art of organic synthesis improved to impressively high levels of sophistication. Through its practice, today chemists can synthesize organic molecules--natural and designed--of all types of structural motifs and for all intents and purposes. The endeavor of constructing natural products--the organic molecules of nature--is justly called both a creative art and an exact science. Often called simply total synthesis, the replication of nature's molecules in the laboratory reflects and symbolizes the state of the art of synthesis in general. In the last few decades a surge in total synthesis endeavors around the world led to a remarkable collection of achievements that covers a wide ranging landscape of molecular complexity and diversity. In this article, we present highlights of some of our contributions in the field of total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. For perspective, we also provide a listing of selected examples of additional natural products synthesized in other laboratories around the world over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Chen X, Zheng Y, Shen Y. Natural Products with Maleic Anhydride Structure: Nonadrides, Tautomycin, Chaetomellic Anhydride, and Other Compounds. Chem Rev 2007; 107:1777-830. [PMID: 17439289 DOI: 10.1021/cr050029r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
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Haval KP, Argade NP. Haval–Argade contrathermodynamic rearrangement of alkylidenesuccinimides to alkylmaleimides via the corresponding isoimides: a general approach to alkyl and dialkyl substituted maleimides. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Spiegel DA, Njardarson JT, McDonald IM, Wood JL. The art of innovation in organic chemistry: synthetic efforts toward the phomoidrides. Chem Rev 2003; 103:2691-727. [PMID: 12848583 DOI: 10.1021/cr020408+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Spiegel
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
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Nicolaou KC, Jung J, Yoon WH, Fong KC, Choi HS, He Y, Zhong YL, Baran PS. Total synthesis of the CP-molecules (CP-263,114 and CP-225,917, phomoidrides B and A). 1. Racemic and asymmetric synthesis of bicyclo[4.3.1] key building blocks. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:2183-9. [PMID: 11878972 DOI: 10.1021/ja012010l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A brief introduction into the chemistry of the CP-molecules is followed by first-generation synthetic sequences toward key building blocks for their total synthesis. Processes for both racemic and enantiomerically enriched bicyclo[4.3.1] ketone 6 or its equivalent are described, and the absolute stereochemistries of the optically enriched intermediates are determined. The efficient route developed to racemic 6 and the ready access to both enantiomers of key building blocks provided the opportunity for the total synthesis of the CP-molecules and determination of their absolute stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Bear BR, Sparks SM, Shea KJ. The Type 2 Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reaction: Synthesis and Chemistry of Bridgehead Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010302)40:5<820::aid-anie820>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bear BR, Sparks SM, Shea KJ. Intramolekulare Diels-Alder-Reaktion vom Typ 2: Synthese und Chemie von Brückenkopf-Alkenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010302)113:5<864::aid-ange864>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tan Q, Danishefsky SJ. The Synthesis of CP-263,114 and CP-225,917: Striking Long-Range Stereocontrol in the Fashioning of C7. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20001215)39:24<4509::aid-anie4509>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yoshimitsu T, Yanagisawa S, Nagaoka H. Asymmetric synthesis of the core structure of (-)-CP-263,114. Org Lett 2000; 2:3751-4. [PMID: 11073692 DOI: 10.1021/ol000290o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective construction of a fully functionalized core structure of (-)-CP-263,114 (1), containing most of the required functionality for total synthesis, was conducted through sequential radical fragmentation-reductive olefination.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshimitsu
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Waizumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo, CREST The Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo, CREST The Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo, CREST The Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Davies HM, Calvo RL, Townsend RJ, Ren P, Churchill RM. An exploratory study of type II [3 + 4] cycloadditions between vinylcarbenoids and dienes. J Org Chem 2000; 65:4261-8. [PMID: 10891124 DOI: 10.1021/jo991959b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular type II [3 + 4] cycloaddition between vinylcarbenoids and furans is a practical method for the construction of 5-oxo-10-oxatricyclo[6.2.1.0(4,9)]undeca-3, 8(11)-dienes, containing two anti-Bredt double bonds. These tricyclic systems are well functionalized for eventual elaboration to the natural product CP-263,114. The rhodium-stabilized vinylcarbenoids are generated by dirhodium tetracarboxylate catalyzed decomposition of vinyldiazoacetates. The [3 + 4] cycloaddition is generally considered to occur by a tandem cyclopropanation/Cope rearrangement, although evidence is presented that with these substrates the [3 + 4] cycloaddition may occur in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Davies
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14260-3000, USA
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Nicolaou K, Jung JK, Yoon W, He Y, Zhong YL, Baran P. The Absolute Configuration and Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the CP Molecules (CP-263,114 and CP-225,917, Phomoidrides B and A). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(20000515)112:10<1899::aid-ange1899>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Devaux JF, O'Neil SV, Guillo N, Paquette LA. Studies Toward an Asymmetric Synthesis of CP-263,114 and CP-225,917. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective approach to construction of the complex framework of the CP compounds is presented. The synthesis relies on initial elaboration of the two sidechains. The "upper" appendage was asymmetrically dihydroxylated with both AD-mix reagents in order to lend flexibility to the scheme and provide the necessary handle for evolving the additional stereogenic centers. These fragments were linked to benzoic acid via Birch reduction-alkylation and subsequent cuprate addition. A series of functionalization reactions including dissolving metal reduction, Claisen rearrangement, iodolactonization, regioselective epoxide cleavage-oxidation, and intramolecular Wadsworth-Emmons cyclization took advantage of highly efficient stereocontrol. However, this flexibility was thwarted when deprotonation of a penultimate intermediate failed to be regioselective in the proper direction.
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Meng D, Tan Q, Danishefsky S. Eine Entdeckung während der Totalsynthese — Epimerisierung der CP-Verbindungen an C7: Ist (7S)-CP-263,114 ein Fermentationsprodukt? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19991102)111:21<3393::aid-ange3393>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Clive DL, Zhang J. Model studies related to CP-225,917: Stereocontrolled generation of the quaternary center. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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An approach to the synthesis of CP-263,114: complementary routes to the bicyclic ring system via two kinds of fragmentation reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Baran PS, Zhong YL, Choi HS, Yoon WH, He Y, Fong KC. Totalsynthese der CP-Verbindungen CP-263,114 und CP 225,917 – Teil 1: Synthese von Schlüsselintermediaten und neue präparative Erkenntnisse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990601)111:11<1774::aid-ange1774>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Baran PS, Zhong YL, Fong KC, He Y, Yoon WH, Choi HS. Totalsynthese der CP-Verbindungen CP-263,114 und CP 225,917 – Teil 2: Entwicklung der Schlußstrategie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990601)111:11<1781::aid-ange1781>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Synthesis of tricyclic bridgehead olefins related to the core structure of CP-225,917 and CP-263,114—solvent, strain, and substitution effects on siloxy-Cope rearrangements. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Meng D, Danishefsky SJ. Stereospezifische, schwefelunterstützte Spaltung eines Spirocylobutanons: Synthese einer vollständig funktionalisierten Vorstufe der CP-Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990517)111:10<1582::aid-ange1582>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Baran PS, Jautelat R, He Y, Fong KC, Choi HS, Yoon WH, Zhong YL. Ein außergewöhnlicher Zugang zur anellierten Maleinsäureanhydrid-Einheit der CP-Moleküle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990215)111:4<532::aid-ange532>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Frontier AJ, Danishefsky SJ, Koppel GA, Meng D. A useful α, α′ - annulation reaction of enamines. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kwon O, Su DS, Meng D, Deng W, D'Amico DC, Danishefsky SJ. Bildung einer Matrixstruktur für die Totalsynthese von CP-225,917 und CP-263,114 durch Aldol- und intramolekulare Heck-Reaktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19980703)110:13/14<1978::aid-ange1978>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Postema MHD, Miller ND, Yang G. Ein neuartiger Zugang zum zentralen Gerüst von CP-225,917 und CP-263,114. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971092432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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