1
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Spennacchio M, Bernús M, Stanić J, Mazzarella D, Colella M, Douglas JJ, Boutureira O, Noël T. A unified flow strategy for the preparation and use of trifluoromethyl-heteroatom anions. Science 2024; 385:991-996. [PMID: 39208115 DOI: 10.1126/science.adq2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The trifluoromethyl group (CF3) is a key functionality in pharmaceutical and agrochemical development, greatly enhancing the efficacy and properties of resulting compounds. However, attaching the CF3 group to heteroatoms such as sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen poses challenges because of the lack of general synthetic methods and reliance on bespoke reagents. Here, we present a modular flow platform that streamlines the synthesis of heteroatom-CF3 motifs. Our method uses readily available organic precursors in combination with cesium fluoride as the primary fluorine source, facilitating the rapid generation of N-trifluoromethyl(R) [NCF3(R)], SCF3 (trifluoromethylthio), and OCF3 (trifluoromethoxy) anions on demand without reliance on perfluoroalkyl precursor reagents. This strategy offers a more environmentally friendly synthesis of trifluoromethyl(heteroatom)-containing molecules, with the potential for scalability in manufacturing processes facilitated by flow technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Spennacchio
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro," 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Miguel Bernús
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jelena Stanić
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniele Mazzarella
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Colella
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro," 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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2
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Fleetwood TD, Kerr WJ, Mason J. Copper-Mediated N-Trifluoromethylation of O-Benzoylhydroxylamines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303314. [PMID: 38018464 PMCID: PMC10952365 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of trifluoromethyl containing compounds is well established within medicinal chemistry, with a range of approved drugs containing C-CF3 and O-CF3 moieties. However, the utilisation of the N-CF3 functional group remains relatively unexplored. This may be attributed to the challenging synthesis of this unit, with many current methods employing harsh conditions or less accessible reagents. A robust methodology for the N-trifluoromethylation of secondary amines has been developed, which employs an umpolung strategy in the form of a copper-catalysed electrophilic amination. The method is operationally simple, uses mild, inexpensive reagents, and has been used to synthesise a range of novel, structurally complex N-CF3 containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D. Fleetwood
- Medicinal ChemistryGSK Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadSG1 2NYStevenageEnglandU.K.
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeG1 1XLGlasgowScotlandU.K.
| | - William J. Kerr
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeG1 1XLGlasgowScotlandU.K.
| | - Joseph Mason
- Medicinal ChemistryGSK Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadSG1 2NYStevenageEnglandU.K.
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3
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Gallego-Gamo A, Pleixats R, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Vallribera A, Granados A. Hydroxytrifluoroethylation and Trifluoroacetylation Reactions via SET Processes. Chemistry 2024:e202303854. [PMID: 38183331 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxytrifluoroethyl and trifluoroacetyl groups are of utmost importance in biologically active compounds, but methods to tether these motifs to organic architectures have been limited. Typically, the preparation of these compounds relied on the use of strong bases or multistep routes. The renaissance of radical chemistry in photocatalytic, transition metal mediated, and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes have allowed the installation of these medicinally relevant fluorinated motifs. This review provides an overview of the methods available for the direct synthesis of hydroxytrifluoroethyl- and trifluoroacetyl-derived compounds governed by single-electron transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gallego-Gamo
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adelina Vallribera
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Granados
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Lei Z, Chang W, Guo H, Feng J, Zhang Z. A Brief Review on the Synthesis of the N-CF3 Motif in Heterocycles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073012. [PMID: 37049775 PMCID: PMC10095997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The trifluoromethyl group is widely recognized for its significant role in the fields of medicinal chemistry and material science due to its unique electronic and steric properties that can alter various physiochemical properties of the parent molecule, such as lipophilicity, acidity, and hydrogen bonding capabilities. Compared to the well-established C-trifluoromethylation, N-trifluoromethylation has received lesser attention. Considering the extensive contribution of nitrogen to drug molecules, it is predicted that constructing N-trifluoromethyl (N-CF3) motifs will be of great significance in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. This review is mainly concerned with the synthesis of heterocycles containing this motif. In three-membered heterocycles containing the N-CF3 motif, the existing literature mostly demonstrated the synthetic strategy, as it does for four- and larger-membered heterocycles. Certain structures, such as oxaziridines, could serve as an oxidant or building blocks in organic synthesis. In five-membered heterocycles, it has been reported that N-CF3 azoles showed a higher lipophilicity and a latent increased metabolic stability and Caco-2-permeability compared with their N-CH3 counterparts, illustrating the potential of the N-CF3 motif. Various N-CF3 analogues of drugs or bioactive molecules, such as sildenafil analogue, have been obtained. In general, the N-CF3 motif is developing and has great potential in bioactive molecules or materials. Give the recent development in this motif, it is foreseeable that its synthesis methods and applications will become more and more extensive. In this paper, we present an overview of the synthesis of N-CF3 heterocycles, categorized on the basis of the number of rings (three-, four-, five-, six- and larger-membered heterocycles), and focus on the five-membered heterocycles containing the N-CF3 group.
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5
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Bouayad-Gervais S, Nielsen CDT, Turksoy A, Sperger T, Deckers K, Schoenebeck F. Access to Cyclic N-Trifluoromethyl Ureas through Photocatalytic Activation of Carbamoyl Azides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6100-6106. [PMID: 35333063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the mild activation of carbamoyl azides to the corresponding nitrenes using a blue light/[Ir]-catalyzed strategy, which enables stereospecific access to N-trifluoromethyl imidazolidinones and benzimidazolones. These novel structural motifs proved to be highly robust, allowing their downstream diversification. On the basis of our combined computational and experimental studies, we propose that an electron rebound with the excited metal catalyst is undergone, involving a reduction-triggered nitrogen loss, followed by oxidation to the corresponding carbamoyl nitrene and subsequent C-H insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bouayad-Gervais
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian D-T Nielsen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Abdurrahman Turksoy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa Sperger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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6
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Zhang RZ, Huang W, Zhang RX, Xu C, Wang M. Synthesis of N-CF 3 Amidines/Imidates/Thioimidates via N-CF 3 Nitrilium Ions. Org Lett 2022; 24:2393-2398. [PMID: 35302381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient methodology for the synthesis of a wide range of N-CF3 imidic acid derivatives is presented. In this reaction, N-CF3 nitrilium ions were generated via N-trifluoromethylation of nitriles using PhICF3Cl under catalysis with DMAP, followed by the capture of N-, O-, or S-centered nucleophiles to give diverse N-CF3 amidines, imidates, and thioimidates. The method provides a platform for preparing N-CF3 compounds with potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhong Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Wanqiao Huang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ru Xue Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Mang Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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7
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Liang H, Ji DS, Xu GQ, Luo YC, Zheng H, Xu PF. Metal-free, visible-light induced enantioselective three-component dicarbofunctionalization and oxytrifluoromethylation of enamines via chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1088-1094. [PMID: 35211274 PMCID: PMC8790774 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06613g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using diverse carbon-centered radical precursors and electron-rich (hetero)aromatics and alcohols as nucleophiles, a visible-light driven chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyzed asymmetric intermolecular, three-component radical-initiated dicarbofunctionalization and oxytrifluoromethylation of enamines was developed, which provides a straightforward access to chiral arylmethylamines, aza-hemiacetals and γ-amino acid derivatives with excellent enantioselectivity. As far as we know, this is the first example of constructing a chiral C–O bond using simple alcohols via visible-light photocatalysis. Chiral phosphoric acid played multiple roles in the reaction, including controlling the reaction stereoselectivity and promoting the generation of radical intermediates by activating Togni's reagent. Mechanistic studies also suggested the importance of the N–H bond of the enamine and indole for the reactions. We have developed a metal-free, visible-light driven chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric intermolecular, three-component radical-initiated dicarbofunctionalization and oxytrifluoromethylation of enamines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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8
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Liu S, Huang Y, Wang J, Qing FL, Xu XH. General Synthesis of N-Trifluoromethyl Compounds with N-Trifluoromethyl Hydroxylamine Reagents. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1962-1970. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Zhang RZ, Zhang RX, Wang S, Xu C, Guan W, Wang M. An N-Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization Strategy for Accessing Diverse N-Trifluoromethyl Azoles from Nitriles and 1,3-Dipoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202110749. [PMID: 34704326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
N-Trifluoromethyl azoles are valuable targets in medicinal chemistry, but their synthesis is challenging. Classical preparation of N-CF3 azoles relies on the functional group interconversions but suffers from tedious N-pre-functionalization and unfriendly agents. Introduction of the CF3 onto the nitrogen of heterocycles provides a direct route to such motifs, but the N-trifluoromethylation remains underdeveloped. Reported here is an alternative and scalable cyclization strategy based on NCF3 -containing synthons for constructing N-CF3 azoles. The approach involves the N-trifluoromethylation of nitriles followed by a [3+2] cyclization between resulting N-CF3 nitrilium derivatives and 1,3-dipoles. PhICF3 Cl was an effective CF3 source for the transformation. As a result, a generic platform is established to divergently synthesize N-trifluoromethylated tetrazoles, imidazoles, and 1,2,3-triazoles by using sodium azide, activated methylene isocyanides, and diazo compounds as dipoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhong Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ru Xue Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Functional of Material, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional of Material, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mang Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
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10
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Zhang RZ, Zhang RX, Wang S, Xu C, Guan W, Wang M. An
N
‐Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization Strategy for Accessing Diverse
N
‐Trifluoromethyl Azoles from Nitriles and 1,3‐Dipoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhong Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
| | - Ru Xue Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Functional of Material College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
| | - Cong Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional of Material College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
| | - Mang Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis College of Chemistry Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China
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11
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Yan ZH, Li WC, Wu YH, Yan QB, Wei ZL, Liao WW. Electrochemical cyclization of N-cyanamide alkenes with CF 3SO 2Na to access C, N-(bis)trifluoromethylated cyclic amidines and related compounds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical trifluoromethylative cyclization of N-cyanamide alkenes and alkynes is presented, which afforded (bis)-C,N-trifluoromethylated cyclic amidines, azines and amides with selective multiple bond formations in a controllable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Yan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Cheng Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Heng Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Bo Yan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Lin Wei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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12
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Chai J, Nie Y, Wang Z, Cheng L, Liu YG, Wu J. Metal Free Access to Polysubstituted Pyrimidines via Nitrile Activation and [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2021; 27:17565-17569. [PMID: 34626013 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tf2 O mediated intermolecular / intramolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition between alkynes and nitriles has been developed for efficient construction of polysubstituted pyrimidines and bicyclopyrimidines. In presence of Tf2 O, aza-allene species were generated in situ through nitrile activation and subsequently participated in the [2+2+2] cycloaddition, which was fully supported by deuteration experiments. The reaction had good substrate extensibility with moderate to excellent yield including trimethylsilylalkynes. The method was utilized as a synthetic tool in the preparation of a luminescent metal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkui Chai
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yu Nie
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Guo Liu
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Wu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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13
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Ma X, Song Q. Solvent-Dependent Cyclization of 2-Alkynylanilines and ClCF 2COONa for the Divergent Assembly of N-(Quinolin-2-yl)amides and Quinolin-2(1 H)-ones. Org Lett 2021; 23:5599-5604. [PMID: 34259006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present an expedient Cu-catalyzed [5 + 1] cyclization of 2-alkynylanilines and ClCF2COONa to divergent construction of N-(quinolin-2-yl)amides and quinolin-2(1H)-ones by regulating the reaction solvents. Notably, nitrile acts as a solvent and performs the Ritter reactions. ClCF2COONa is used as a C1 synthon in this transformation, which also represents the first example for utilization of ClCF2COONa as an efficient desiliconization reagent. The current protocol involves in situ generation of isocyanide, copper-activated alkyne, Ritter reaction and protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei 435002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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14
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Yang YO, Wang X, Xiao J, Li Y, Sun F, Du Y. Formation of Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents Under Metal-free Conditions. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272822999201117154919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In the past several decades, hypervalent iodine chemistry has witnessed prosperous
development as hypervalent iodine reagents have been widely used in various organic transformations.
Specifically, hypervalent iodine reagents have been vastly used in various bondforming
reactions. Among these oxidative coupling reactions, the reactions involving the
formation of C-N bond have been extensively explored to construct various heterocyclic
skeletons and synthesize various useful building blocks. This review article is to summarize
all the transformations in which carbon-nitrogen bond formation occurred by using hypervalent
iodine reagents under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin O. Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaxi Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fengxia Sun
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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15
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Schiesser S, Chepliaka H, Kollback J, Quennesson T, Czechtizky W, Cox RJ. N-Trifluoromethyl Amines and Azoles: An Underexplored Functional Group in the Medicinal Chemist’s Toolbox. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13076-13089. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schiesser
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Hanna Chepliaka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandstrasse 5−13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Kollback
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Göteborgs universitet, Kemigården 4, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thibaut Quennesson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
- Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1177 − Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Werngard Czechtizky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Rhona J. Cox
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden
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16
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Zhang Z, He J, Zhu L, Xiao H, Fang Y, Li C.
Silver‐Mediated
N
‐Trifluoromethylation
of Amides and Peptides. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jiayan He
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Haiwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yewen Fang
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology, 201 Fenghua Road, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringNingbo University of Technology, 201 Fenghua Road, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 China
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17
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Zheng Z, van der Werf A, Deliaval M, Selander N. Synthesis of Fluorinated Amide Derivatives via a Radical N-Perfluoroalkylation-Defluorination Pathway. Org Lett 2020; 22:2791-2796. [PMID: 32208612 PMCID: PMC7311088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A one-pot approach
to fluorinated hydroxamic acid, amide, and thioamide
derivatives is reported. The reaction proceeds via an N-perfluoroalkylation
of nitrosoarenes with perfluoroalkanesulfinates, resulting in labile
N-perfluoroalkylated hydroxylamines. By the addition of suitable additives,
a controllable oxy/thiodefluorination of the fluorinated hydroxylamine
intermediates was achieved. The method highlights N-perfluoroalkylated
amines as versatile intermediates for further synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Zheng
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela van der Werf
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Deliaval
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Selander
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Kawamura S, Sodeoka M. Fluoroalkylation Methods for Synthesizing Versatile Building Blocks. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kawamura
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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19
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Budhwan R, Yadav S, Murarka S. Late stage functionalization of heterocycles using hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6326-6341. [PMID: 31215580 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00694j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Late stage functionalization (LSF) through direct X-H manipulations (X = C, N) enables synthetic chemists to accelerate the diversification of natural products, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals allowing rapid access to novel bioactive molecules without resorting to arduous de novo synthesis. LSF does not only allow tapping of the hitherto unexplored chemical space but also renders the synthetic sequence more straightforward, atom economical and cost-effective. In this regard, the recent decade has witnessed the emergence of hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents as a powerful synthetic tool owing to their easy availability, mild reaction conditions, remarkable oxidizing properties and high functional group tolerance. Iodine(iii) reagents have tremendous applications in the regio- and chemo-selective late-stage functionalization of a diverse variety of heterocycles through an exciting range of transformations, such as oxidative amination, cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), fluoroalkylation, azidation, halogenation and oxidation. The present review, classified according to the types of synthetic methods involved, encompasses all these recent developments in the field of transition-metal-free iodine(iii)-catalyzed/mediated direct functionalizations of heterocycles with representative examples and insightful mechanistic discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Budhwan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH-65 Nagaur Road, Karwar - 342037, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Suman Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH-65 Nagaur Road, Karwar - 342037, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sandip Murarka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH-65 Nagaur Road, Karwar - 342037, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan, India.
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20
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Liu Z, Shen H, Xiao H, Wang Z, Zhu L, Li C. Copper-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Radical Trifluoromethylation of Cycloalkanone Oximes. Org Lett 2019; 21:5201-5205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Haigen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Haiwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhentao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, no. 201 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
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21
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Li C, Long P, Wu H, Yin H, Chen FX. N-Thiocyanato-dibenzenesulfonimide: a new electrophilic thiocyanating reagent with enhanced reactivity. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7131-7134. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01340g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Thiocyanato-dibenzenesulfonimide: a new electrophilic thiocyanating reagent was readily prepared and exhibited enhanced reactivity with a wide scope of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiu Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus)
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Pingliang Long
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus)
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Haopeng Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus)
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Hongquan Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus)
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Fu-Xue Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus)
- Beijing 102488
- China
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22
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Liang S, Wei J, Jiang L, Liu J, Mumtaz Y, Yi W. One-pot synthesis of trifluoromethyl amines and perfluoroalkyl amines with CF3SO2Na and RfSO2Na. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8536-8539. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03282g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel use of CF3SO2Na and RfSO2Na for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl amines and perfluoroalkyl amines was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Lvqi Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Yasir Mumtaz
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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23
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Calvo R, Comas-Vives A, Togni A, Katayev D. Taming Radical Intermediates for the Construction of Enantioenriched Trifluoromethylated Quaternary Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxan Calvo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyla del Vallès 08193 Catalonia Spain
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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24
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Calvo R, Comas-Vives A, Togni A, Katayev D. Taming Radical Intermediates for the Construction of Enantioenriched Trifluoromethylated Quaternary Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1447-1452. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxan Calvo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyla del Vallès 08193 Catalonia Spain
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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25
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Feng C, Li Y, Sheng X, Pan L, Liu Q. A Ritter-Type Route to N-Benzylamides by Multicomponent Reaction Based on p-(Trifluoromethyl)-p-quinols. Org Lett 2018; 20:6449-6452. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Feng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xinyao Sheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ling Pan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qun Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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27
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Cai S, Tian Y, Zhang J, Liu Z, Lu M, Weng W, Huang M. Carbotrifluoromethylation of Allylic Alcohols
via
1,2‐Aryl Migration Promoted by Visible‐Light‐Induced Photoredox Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunyou Cai
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking University Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
| | - Maojian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Weng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology of Fujian Province, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and EnvironmentMinnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 People's Republic of China
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28
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Fan X, Wang Q, Wei Y, Shi M. Catalyst-free geminal aminofluorination of ortho-sulfonamide-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes via a Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10503-10506. [PMID: 30160273 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05634j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst-free intramolecular geminal aminofluorination of ortho-sulfonamide-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes has been developed. The reaction proceeded through two SET processes with Selectfluor to give a fluorinated cyclopropylcarbinyl cation and a further Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement to generate a cyclobutyl carbocation, which undergoes intramolecular nucleophilic capture by amide to forge fluorinated cyclobuta[b]indoline derivatives. A polycyclic multi-fluorinated byproduct was also formed through a Ritter-type reaction in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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29
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30
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31
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Sun J, Zhen X, Ge H, Zhang G, An X, Du Y. Synthesis of trifluoromethylated 2 H-azirines through Togni reagent-mediated trifluoromethylation followed by PhIO-mediated azirination. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1452-1458. [PMID: 29977409 PMCID: PMC6009194 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of enamine compounds with the Togni reagent in the presence of CuI afforded β-trifluoromethylated enamine intermediates, which were converted directly to biologically interesting trifluoromethylated 2H-azirines by an iodosobenzene (PhIO)-mediated intramolecular azirination in a one-pot process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huaibin Ge
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuechan An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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32
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33
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A new method of synthesis of substituted 1-(1 H -imidazole-4-yl)-1 H -1,2,3-triazoles and their fungicidal activity. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Yu J, Lin JH, Xiao JC. Reaction of Thiocarbonyl Fluoride Generated from Difluorocarbene with Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16669-16673. [PMID: 29143469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of thiocarbonyl fluoride, generated from difluorocarbene, with various amines under mild conditions is described. Secondary amines, primary amines, and o-phenylenediamines are converted to thiocarbamoyl fluorides, isothiocyanates, and difluoromethylthiolated heterocycles, respectively. Thiocarbamoyl fluorides were further transformed into trifluoromethylated amines by using a one-pot process. Thiocarbonyl fluoride is generated in situ and is rapidly fully converted in one pot under mild conditions; therefore, no special safety precautions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
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35
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Yu J, Lin JH, Xiao JC. Reaction of Thiocarbonyl Fluoride Generated from Difluorocarbene with Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
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36
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Halimehjani AZ, Dračínský M, Beier P. One-pot three-component route for the synthesis of S-trifluoromethyl dithiocarbamates using Togni's reagent. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2502-2508. [PMID: 29234477 PMCID: PMC5704766 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A one-pot three-component route for the synthesis of S-trifluoromethyl dithiocarbamates by the reaction of secondary amines, carbon disulfide and Togni’s reagent is described. The reactions proceed in moderate to good yields. A similar reaction using a primary aliphatic amine afforded the corresponding isothiocyanate in high yield. A variable temperature NMR study revealed a rotational barrier of 14.6, 18.8, and 15.9 kcal/mol for the C–N bond in the dithiocarbamate moiety of piperidine, pyrrolidine, and diethylamine adducts, respectively. In addition, the calculated barriers of rotation are in reasonable agreement with the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Ziyaei Halimehjani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, P. O. Box 15719-14911, 49 Mofateh St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Martin Dračínský
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namestí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namestí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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37
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Geminal difluorination of α,α’- disubstituted styrenes using fluoro-benziodoxole reagent. Migration aptitude of the α-substituents. J Fluor Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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38
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Kawamura S, Sekine D, Sodeoka M. Synthesis of CF3-containing oxazolines via trifluoromethylation of allylamides with Togni reagent in the presence of alkali metal iodides. J Fluor Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Cheng YF, Dong XY, Gu QS, Yu ZL, Liu XY. Achiral Pyridine Ligand-Enabled Enantioselective Radical Oxytrifluoromethylation of Alkenes with Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yang Dong
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Zhang-Long Yu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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40
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Cheng YF, Dong XY, Gu QS, Yu ZL, Liu XY. Achiral Pyridine Ligand-Enabled Enantioselective Radical Oxytrifluoromethylation of Alkenes with Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8883-8886. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yang Dong
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Zhang-Long Yu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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41
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van der Werf A, Hribersek M, Selander N. N-Trifluoromethylation of Nitrosoarenes with Sodium Triflinate. Org Lett 2017; 19:2374-2377. [PMID: 28402669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient N-trifluoromethylation of nitrosoarenes is reported. The inexpensive and convenient Langlois reagent (sodium triflinate) is employed as a CF3-radical source in combination with a copper catalyst and an oxidant. N-Trifluoromethylated hydroxylamines are obtained in high yields within 1 h at room temperature. The addition of hydroquinone was found to be instrumental to prevent the formation of side products. The method is high-yielding, is scalable, and displays a high functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela van der Werf
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matic Hribersek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Selander
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Sreenithya A, Surya K, Sunoj RB. Hypercoordinate iodine(III) promoted reactions and catalysis: an update on current mechanistic understanding. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sreenithya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
| | - K. Surya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai India
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43
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Scattolin T, Deckers K, Schoenebeck F. Efficient Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Amines through a Formal Umpolung Strategy from the Bench-Stable Precursor (Me 4 N)SCF 3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:221-224. [PMID: 27936300 PMCID: PMC6680219 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the one-pot synthesis of trifluoromethylated amines at room temperature using the bench-stable (Me4 N)SCF3 reagent and AgF. The method is rapid, operationally simple and highly selective. It proceeds via a formal umpolung reaction of the SCF3 with the amine, giving quantitative formation of thiocarbamoyl fluoride intermediates within minutes that can readily be transformed to N-CF3 . The mildness and high functional group tolerance render the method highly attractive for the late-stage introduction of trifluoromethyl groups on amines, as demonstrated herein for a range of pharmaceutically relevant drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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44
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Scattolin T, Deckers K, Schoenebeck F. Efficient Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Amines through a Formal Umpolung Strategy from the Bench‐Stable Precursor (Me
4
N)SCF
3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou 213164 People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Teng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou 213164 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou 213164 People's Republic of China
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46
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Lin JS, Dong XY, Li TT, Jiang NC, Tan B, Liu XY. A Dual-Catalytic Strategy To Direct Asymmetric Radical Aminotrifluoromethylation of Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9357-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shun Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao-Tao Li
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Na-Chuan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
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47
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Brantley J, Samant AV, Toste FD. Isolation and Reactivity of Trifluoromethyl Iodonium Salts. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:341-350. [PMID: 27280169 PMCID: PMC4882740 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The strategic incorporation of the trifluoromethyl (CF3) functionality within therapeutic or agrochemical agents is a proven strategy for altering their associated physicochemical properties (e.g., metabolic stability, lipophilicity, and bioavailability). Electrophilic trifluoromethylation has emerged as an important methodology for installing the CF3 moiety onto an array of molecular architectures, and, in particular, CF3 λ(3)-iodanes have garnered significant interest because of their unique reactivity and ease of handling. Trifluoromethylations mediated by these hypervalent iodine reagents often require activation through an exogenous Lewis or Brønsted acid; thus, putative intermediates invoked in these transformations are cationic CF3 iodoniums. These iodoniums have, thus far, eluded isolation and investigation of their innate reactivity (which has encouraged speculation that such species cannot be accessed). A more complete understanding of the mechanistic relevance of CF3 iodoniums is paramount for the development of new trifluoromethylative strategies involving λ(3)-iodanes. Here, we demonstrate that CF3 iodonium salts are readily prepared from common λ(3)-iodane precursors and exhibit remarkable persistence under ambient conditions. These reagents are competent electrophiles for a variety of trifluoromethylation reactions, and their reactivity is reminiscent of that observed when CF3 iodanes are activated using Lewis acids. As such, our results suggest the mechanistic relevance of CF3 iodonium intermediates in trifluoromethylative processes mediated by λ(3)-iodanes. The isolation of CF3 iodonium salts also presents the unique opportunity to employ them more generally as mechanistic probes.
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Wang M, Zhang Y, Wang T, Wang C, Xue D, Xiao J. Story of an Age-Old Reagent: An Electrophilic Chlorination of Arenes and Heterocycles by 1-Chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3-one. Org Lett 2016; 18:1976-9. [PMID: 27074528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
By the use of 1-chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3-one, an age-old reagent, the practical and efficient chlorination method is achieved. This hypervalent iodine reagent is amenable not only to the chlorination of nitrogen-containing heterocycles but also to selected classes of arenes, BODIPY dyes, and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the advantages, such as easy preparation and recyclable, air- and moisture-stable, in combination with the success in a gram-scale experiment grant this reagent great potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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50
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Li M, Xue XS, Guo J, Wang Y, Cheng JP. An Energetic Guide for Estimating Trifluoromethyl Cation Donor Abilities of Electrophilic Trifluoromethylating Reagents: Computations of X-CF3 Bond Heterolytic Dissociation Enthalpies. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3119-26. [PMID: 26999452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work established an energetic guide for estimating the trifluoromethyl cation-donating abilities (TC(+)DA) of electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents through computing X-CF3 bond (X = O, S, Se, Te, and I) heterolytic dissociation enthalpies. TC(+)DA values for a wide range of popular reagents were derived on the basis of density functional calculations (M06-2X). A good correspondence has been identified between the computed TC(+)DA values and the experimentally observed relative trifluoromethylating capabilities of the reagents. Substituent effects hold good linear free energy relationships on the TC(+)DAs of the most widely used reagents including Umemoto reagent, Yagupolskii-Umemoto reagent, and Togni reagents, which allow their trifluoromethylating capabilities to be rationally tuned by substituents and thus extend their synthetic utility. All the information disclosed in this work would contribute to future rational exploration of the electrophilic trifluoromethylation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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