1
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Caracciolo G. Artificial protein coronas: directing nanoparticles to targets. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024:S0165-6147(24)00095-6. [PMID: 38811308 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The protein corona surrounding nanoparticles (NPs) offers exciting possibilities for targeted drug delivery. However, realizing this potential requires direct evidence of corona-receptor interactions in vivo; a challenge hampered by the limitations of in vitro settings. This opinion proposes that utilizing engineered protein coronas can address this challenge. Artificial coronas made of selected plasma proteins retain their properties in vivo, enabling manipulation for specific receptor targeting. To directly assess corona-receptor interactions mimicking in vivo complexity, we propose testing artificial coronas with recently adapted quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) setups whose current limitations and potential advancements are critically discussed. Finally, the opinion proposes future experiments to decipher corona-receptor interactions and unlock the full potential of the protein corona for NP-based drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Caracciolo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, V.le Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Tadjiki S, Sharifi S, Lavasanifar A, Mahmoudi M. Advancing In Situ Analysis of Biomolecular Corona: Opportunities and Challenges in Utilizing Field-Flow Fractionation. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2024; 4:77-85. [PMID: 38645931 PMCID: PMC11027122 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.4c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The biomolecular corona, a complex layer of biological molecules, envelops nanoparticles (NPs) upon exposure to biological fluids including blood. This dynamic interface is pivotal for the advancement of nanomedicine, particularly in areas of therapy and diagnostics. In situ analysis of the biomolecular corona is crucial, as it can substantially improve our ability to accurately predict the biological fate of nanomedicine and, therefore, enable development of more effective, safe, and precisely targeted nanomedicines. Despite its importance, the repertoire of techniques available for in situ analysis of the biomolecular corona is surprisingly limited. This tutorial review provides an overview of the available techniques for in situ analysis of biomolecular corona with a particular focus on exploring both the advantages and the limitations inherent in the use of field-flow fractionation (FFF) for in situ analysis of the biomolecular corona. It delves into how FFF can unravel the complexities of the corona, enhancing our understanding and guiding the design of next-generation nanomedicines for medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheyl Tadjiki
- Postnova
Analytics Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84102, United States
| | - Shahriar Sharifi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48864, United States
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department
of Chemical and Material Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48864, United States
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3
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He Z, Qu S, Shang L. Perspectives on Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions at the In Vivo Level. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7781-7790. [PMID: 38572817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The distinct features of nanoparticles have provided a vast opportunity of developing new diagnosis and therapy strategies for miscellaneous diseases. Although a few nanomedicines are available in the market or in the translation stage, many important issues are still unsolved. When entering the body, nanomaterials will be quickly coated by proteins from their surroundings, forming a corona on their surface, the so-called protein corona. Studies have shown that the protein corona has many important biological implications, particularly at the in vivo level. For example, they can promote the immune system to rapidly clear these outer materials and prevent nanoparticles from playing their designed role in therapy. In this Perspective, the available techniques for characterizing protein-nanoparticle interactions are critically summarized. Effects of nanoparticle properties and environmental factors on protein corona formation, which can further regulate the in vivo fate of nanoparticles, are highlighted and discussed. Moreover, recent progress on the biomedical application of protein corona-engineered nanoparticles is introduced, and future directions for this important yet challenging research area are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 China
| | - Shaohua Qu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, China
| | - Li Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 China
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4
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Soliman MG, Trinh DN, Ravagli C, Meleady P, Henry M, Movia D, Doumett S, Cappiello L, Prina-Mello A, Baldi G, Monopoli MP. Development of a fast and simple method for the isolation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles protein corona from protein-rich matrices. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:503-519. [PMID: 38184993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The adsorption of proteins onto the surface of nanoparticle (NP) leads to the formation of the so-called "protein corona" as consisting both loosely and tightly bound proteins. It is well established that the biological identity of NPs that may be acquired after exposure to a biological matrix is mostly provided by the components of the hard corona as the pristine surface is generally less accessible for binding. For that reason, the isolation and the characterisation of the NP-corona complexes and identification of the associated biomolecules can help in understanding its biological behaviour. Established methods for the isolation of the NP-HC complexes are time-demanding and can lead to different results based on the isolation method applied. Herein, we have developed a fast and simple method using ferromagnetic beads isolated from commercial MACS column and used for the isolation of superparamagnetic NP following exposure to different types of biological milieu. We first demonstrated the ability to easily isolate superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (IONPs) from different concentrations of human blood plasma, and also tested the method on the corona isolation using more complex biological matrices, such as culture medium containing pulmonary mucus where the ordinary corona methods cannot be applied. Our developed method showed less than 20% difference in plasma corona composition when compared with centrifugation. It also showed effective isolation of NP-HC complexes from mucus-containing culture media upon comparing with centrifugation and MACS columns, which failed to wash out the unbound proteins. Our study was supported with a full characterisation profile including dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, analytical disk centrifuge, and zeta potentials. The biomolecules/ proteins composing the HC were separated by vertical gel electrophoresis and subsequently analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In addition to our achievements in comparing different isolation methods to separate IONPs with corona from human plasma, this is the first study that provides a complete characterisation profile of particle protein corona after exposure in vitro to pulmonary mucus-containing culture media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G Soliman
- Chemistry Department, RCSI (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland), 123 St Stephen Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Duong N Trinh
- Chemistry Department, RCSI (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland), 123 St Stephen Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Costanza Ravagli
- Research Center Colorobbia, Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting, Via Pietramarina 123, 50053, Vinci, Florence, Italy
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Dania Movia
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland; Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity (ARTT), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Saer Doumett
- Research Center Colorobbia, Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting, Via Pietramarina 123, 50053, Vinci, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Cappiello
- Research Center Colorobbia, Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting, Via Pietramarina 123, 50053, Vinci, Florence, Italy
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland; Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Giovanni Baldi
- Research Center Colorobbia, Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting, Via Pietramarina 123, 50053, Vinci, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco P Monopoli
- Chemistry Department, RCSI (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland), 123 St Stephen Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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5
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Rex M C, Debroy A, Nirmala MJ, Mukherjee A. Ecotoxicological significance of bio-corona formation on micro/nanoplastics in aquatic organisms. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22905-22917. [PMID: 37520083 PMCID: PMC10375451 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04054b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The unsustainable manufacturing, utilization and inadequate handling of plastics have led to a surge in global plastic pollution. In recent times, there has been increasing concern about the plausible hazards associated with exposure to micro/nanoplastics (M/NPs). As aquatic systems are considered to be the likely sink for M/NPs, it is crucial to comprehend their environmental behavior. The bioavailability, toxicity and fate of M/NPs in the environment are predominantly dictated by their surface characteristics. In the aquatic environment, M/NPs are prone to be internalized by aquatic organisms. This may facilitate their interaction with a diverse array of biomolecules within the organism, resulting in the formation of a biocorona (BC). The development of BC causes modifications in the physicochemical attributes of the M/NPs including changes to their size, stability, surface charge and other properties. This review details the concept of BC formation and its underlying mechanism. It provides insight on the analytical techniques employed for characterizing BC formation and addresses the associated challenges. Further, the eco-toxicological implications of M/NPs and the role of BC in modifying their potential toxicity on aquatic organisms is specified. The impact of BC formation on the fate and transport of M/NPs is discussed. A concise outlook on the future perspectives is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camil Rex M
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - Abhrajit Debroy
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - M Joyce Nirmala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
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6
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Nienhaus K, Nienhaus GU. Mechanistic Understanding of Protein Corona Formation around Nanoparticles: Old Puzzles and New Insights. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301663. [PMID: 37010040 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although a wide variety of nanoparticles (NPs) have been engineered for use as disease markers or drug delivery agents, the number of nanomedicines in clinical use has hitherto remained small. A key obstacle in nanomedicine development is the lack of a deep mechanistic understanding of NP interactions in the bio-environment. Here, the focus is on the biomolecular adsorption layer (protein corona), which quickly enshrouds a pristine NP exposed to a biofluid and modifies the way the NP interacts with the bio-environment. After a brief introduction of NPs for nanomedicine, proteins, and their mutual interactions, research aimed at addressing fundamental properties of the protein corona, specifically its mono-/multilayer structure, reversibility and irreversibility, time dependence, as well as its role in NP agglomeration, is critically reviewed. It becomes quite evident that the knowledge of the protein corona is still fragmented, and conflicting results on fundamental issues call for further mechanistic studies. The article concludes with a discussion of future research directions that should be taken to advance the understanding of the protein corona around NPs. This knowledge will provide NP developers with the predictive power to account for these interactions in the design of efficacious nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76049, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76049, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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7
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Heidarzadeh M, Zarebkohan A, Rahbarghazi R, Sokullu E. Protein corona and exosomes: new challenges and prospects. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:64. [PMID: 36973780 PMCID: PMC10041507 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in extracellular vesicle (EVs) detection and isolation methods have led to the development of novel therapeutic modalities. Among different types of EVs, exosomes (Exos) can transfer different signaling biomolecules and exhibit several superior features compared to whole-cell-based therapies. Therapeutic factors are normally loaded into the Exo lumen or attached to their surface for improving the on-target delivery rate and regenerative outcomes. Despite these advantages, there are several limitations in the application of Exos in in vivo conditions. It was suggested that a set of proteins and other biological compounds are adsorbed around Exos in aqueous phases and constitute an external layer named protein corona (PC). Studies have shown that PC can affect the physicochemical properties of synthetic and natural nanoparticles (NPs) after introduction in biofluids. Likewise, PC is generated around EVs, especially Exos in in vivo conditions. This review article is a preliminary attempt to address the interfering effects of PC on Exo bioactivity and therapeutic effects. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Heidarzadeh
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Biophysics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions Govern the Interfacial Behavior of Polymeric Nanogels: Study of Protein Corona Formation at the Air/Water Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032810. [PMID: 36769129 PMCID: PMC9917661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical applications of nanoparticles require a fundamental understanding of their interactions and behavior with biological interfaces. Protein corona formation can alter the morphology and properties of nanomaterials, and knowledge of the interfacial behavior of the complexes, using in situ analytical techniques, will impact the development of nanocarriers to maximize uptake and permeability at cellular interfaces. In this study we evaluate the interactions of acrylamide-based nanogels, with neutral, positive, and negative charges, with serum-abundant proteins albumin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulin G. The formation of a protein corona complex between positively charged nanoparticles and albumin is characterized by dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism, and surface tensiometry; we use neutron reflectometry to resolve the complex structure at the air/water interface and demonstrate the effect of increased protein concentration on the interface. Surface tensiometry data suggest that the structure of the proteins can impact the interfacial properties of the complex formed. These results contribute to the understanding of the factors that influence the bio-nano interface, which will help to design nanomaterials with improved properties for applications in drug delivery.
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9
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Parenteral Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for CNS Disorders: Integrating Various Facets of Preclinical Evaluation towards More Effective Clinical Translation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020443. [PMID: 36839768 PMCID: PMC9966342 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary trends in combinatorial chemistry and the design of pharmaceuticals targeting brain disorders have favored the development of drug candidates with increased lipophilicity and poorer water solubility, with the expected improvement in delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The growing availability of innovative excipients/ligands allowing improved brain targeting and controlled drug release makes the lipid nanocarriers a reasonable choice to overcome the factors impeding drug delivery through the BBB. However, a wide variety of methods, study designs and experimental conditions utilized in the literature hinder their systematic comparison, and thus slows the advances in brain-targeting by lipid-based nanoparticles. This review provides an overview of the methods most commonly utilized during the preclinical testing of liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers intended for the treatment of various CNS disorders via the parenteral route. In order to fully elucidate the structure, stability, safety profiles, biodistribution, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and immunological effects of such lipid-based nanoparticles, a transdisciplinary approach to preclinical characterization is mandatory, covering a comprehensive set of physical, chemical, in vitro and in vivo biological testing.
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10
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Münter R, Simonsen JB. Comment on "Optimal centrifugal isolating of liposome-protein complexes from human plasma" by L. Digiacomo, F. Giulimondi, A. L. Capriotti, S. Piovesana, C. M. Montone, R. Z. Chiozzi, A. Laganá, M. Mahmoudi, D. Pozzi and G. Caracciolo, Nanoscale Adv., 2021, 3, 3824. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:290-299. [PMID: 36605796 PMCID: PMC9765536 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00343k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In a recent paper in Nanoscale Advances, Digiacomo et al. conclude that centrifugation should be the method of choice for researchers who want to investigate the protein corona of liposomes for drug delivery in human plasma. In this Comment, we however propose the opposite - that centrifugation, in most cases, is unsuitable for isolating liposomes from human plasma. Our conclusion is based on the bulk literature on this and similar topics, and new experimental data based on formulations and protocols like the ones used by Digiacomo et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology, Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Jens B Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology, Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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11
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Zhou J, Yu Y, Luan Y, Dai W. The Formation of Protein Corona by Nanoplastics and Horseradish Peroxidase. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4467. [PMID: 36558320 PMCID: PMC9784054 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In theory, nanoplastics (NPs) can adsorb biological macromolecules, such as proteins, in the surrounding environment to form protein corona (PC). In this study, we focus on amino polystyrene (PS) NPs and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to explore the dynamic process of the formation of PS-HRP PC and their influence on PS and HRP. This work used atomic force microscopy, laser particle size and Zeta potential analyzer, and UV-vis spectrophotometer. According to the adsorption behavior of HRP to NPs, the surface morphology characteristics of NPs can be observed to change at 60 min. Meanwhile, the increase in size and hydrodynamic diameter, the decrease in Zeta potential, surface roughness and HRP activity, and the change in HRP structure attest to the PC formation. The thickness of the PC was approximately 30 nm and there are differences in the dynamic and static variations in the size of the PC. The PC formation process progresses gradually from 0 min to 240 min. Overall, the formation of PS-HRP PC is identified, and the changes in its properties are confirmed from the perspective of nanoplastics and peroxidase, which help study the effects of nanoplastics on the environment and creatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei Dai
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.D.)
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12
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Qu S, Qiao Z, Zhong W, Liang K, Jiang X, Shang L. Chirality-Dependent Dynamic Evolution of the Protein Corona on the Surface of Quantum Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44147-44157. [PMID: 36153958 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the biological behavior of engineered nanoparticles, for example, the protein corona, is important for the development of safe and efficient nanomedicine, but our current understanding is still limited due to its highly dynamic nature and lack of adequate analytical tools. In the present work, we demonstrate the establishment of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based platform for monitoring the dynamic evolution behavior of the protein corona in complex biological media. With human serum albumin and lysozyme as the model serum proteins, the protein exchange process of the preformed corona on the surface of chiral quantum dots (QDs) upon feeding either individual protein or human serum was monitored in situ by FRET. Important parameters characterizing the evolution process of protein corona could be obtained upon quantitative analysis of FRET data. Further combining real-time FRET monitoring with gel electrophoresis experiments revealed that the nature of the protein initially adsorbed on the surface of QDs significantly affects the subsequent dynamic exchange behavior of the protein corona. Furthermore, our results also revealed that only a limited proportion of proteins are involved in the protein exchange, and the exchange process exhibits a significant dependence on the surface chirality of QDs. This work demonstrates the feasibility of FRET as a powerful tool to exploit the dynamic evolution process of the protein corona, which can provide theoretical guidance for further design of advanced nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zihan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wencheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Kangqiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
| | - Li Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China
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13
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Wang YF, Zhou Y, Sun J, Wang X, Jia Y, Ge K, Yan Y, Dawson KA, Guo S, Zhang J, Liang XJ. The Yin and Yang of the protein corona on the delivery journey of nanoparticles. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:715-734. [PMID: 36156906 PMCID: PMC9483491 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles-based drug delivery systems have attracted significant attention in biomedical fields because they can deliver loaded cargoes to the target site in a controlled manner. However, tremendous challenges must still be overcome to reach the expected targeting and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. These challenges mainly arise because the interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems is complex and dynamic and is influenced by the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles and the heterogeneity of biological systems. Importantly, once the nanoparticles are injected into the blood, a protein corona will inevitably form on the surface. The protein corona creates a new biological identity which plays a vital role in mediating the bio-nano interaction and determining the ultimate results. Thus, it is essential to understand how the protein corona affects the delivery journey of nanoparticles in vivo and what we can do to exploit the protein corona for better delivery efficiency. In this review, we first summarize the fundamental impact of the protein corona on the delivery journey of nanoparticles. Next, we emphasize the strategies that have been developed for tailoring and exploiting the protein corona to improve the transportation behavior of nanoparticles in vivo. Finally, we highlight what we need to do as a next step towards better understanding and exploitation of the protein corona. We hope these insights into the "Yin and Yang" effect of the protein corona will have profound implications for understanding the role of the protein corona in a wide range of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260 China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Yaxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - JiaBei Sun
- China National Institute of Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100061 China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002 China
| | - Yaru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002 China
| | - Kun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002 China
| | - Yan Yan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04V1W8 Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260 China
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04V1W8 Ireland
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002 China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nano-Biomedical Technology for Diagnosis and Therapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260 China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190 China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002 China
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14
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Harnessing Protein Corona for Biomimetic Nanomedicine Design. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7030126. [PMID: 36134930 PMCID: PMC9496170 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7030126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are usually treated as multifunctional agents combining several therapeutical applications, like imaging and targeting delivery. However, clinical translation is still largely hindered by several factors, and the rapidly formed protein corona on the surface of NPs is one of them. The formation of protein corona is complicated and irreversible in the biological environment, and protein corona will redefine the “biological identity” of NPs, which will alter the following biological events and therapeutic efficacy. Current understanding of protein corona is still limited and incomplete, and in many cases, protein corona has adverse impacts on nanomedicine, for instance, losing targeting ability, activating the immune response, and rapid clearance. Due to the considerable role of protein corona in NPs’ biological fate, harnessing protein corona to achieve some therapeutic effects through various methods like biomimetic approaches is now treated as a promising way to meet the current challenges in nanomedicine such as poor pharmacokinetic properties, off-target effect, and immunogenicity. This review will first introduce the current understanding of protein corona and summarize the investigation process and technologies. Second, the strategies of harnessing protein corona with biomimetic approaches for nanomedicine design are reviewed. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future outlooks of biomimetic approaches to tune protein corona in nanomedicine.
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15
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Latreille PL, Rabanel JM, Le Goas M, Salimi S, Arlt J, Patten SA, Ramassamy C, Hildgen P, Martinez VA, Banquy X. In Situ Characterization of the Protein Corona of Nanoparticles In Vitro and In Vivo. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203354. [PMID: 35901787 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new theoretical framework that enables the use of differential dynamic microscopy (DDM) in fluorescence imaging mode to quantify in situ protein adsorption onto nanoparticles (NP) while simultaneously monitoring for NP aggregation is proposed. This methodology is used to elucidate the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the protein corona (PC) in vitro and in vivo. The results show that protein adsorption triggers particle aggregation over a wide concentration range and that the formed aggregate structures can be quantified using the proposed methodology. Protein affinity for polystyrene (PS) NPs is observed to be dependent on particle concentration. For complex protein mixtures, this methodology identifies that the PC composition changes with the dilution of serum proteins, demonstrating a Vroman effect never quantitatively assessed in situ on NPs. Finally, DDM allows monitoring of the evolution of the PC in vivo. This results show that the PC composition evolves significantly over time in zebrafish larvae, confirming the inherently dynamic nature of the PC. The performance of the developed methodology allows to obtain quantitative insights into nano-bio interactions in a vast array of physiologically relevant conditions that will serve to further improve the design of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Latreille
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Rabanel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
- INRS, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Marine Le Goas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sina Salimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jochen Arlt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Shunmoogum A Patten
- INRS, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- INRS, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Patrice Hildgen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Vincent A Martinez
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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16
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Gan N, Peng X, Wu D, Xiang H, Sun Q, Yi B, Suo Z, Zhang S, Wang X, Li H. Effects of microsize on the biocompatibility of UiO67 from protein-adsorption behavior, hemocompatibility, and histological toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129042. [PMID: 35650723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The biocompatibility of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is necessary to humans but is far from being sufficiently addressed. This study focused on the effects of microsize on the biocompatibility of MOFs by selecting UiO67 with micron and submicron size as the MOFs models. Under the dose metric of surface area, the binding constant between UiO67 and human serum albumin (HSA) gradually increased with increased UiO67 size. Submicron UiO67 induced stronger conformational transformation and more greatly affected the protein surface hydrophobicity than micron UiO67. Micron UiO67 also inhibited the esterase-like activity of HSA through competitive inhibition mechanism, whereas submicron UiO67 inhibited it through noncompetitive inhibition mechanism. The size of UiO67 had little effect on hemocompatibility. A smaller size of UiO67, corresponded with a higher IC50 value for 293 T and LO2 cells, and the adsorption of HSA can effectively improve cytotoxicity. In vivo toxicity evaluations revealed that all UiO67 did not cause obvious distortion of organs, and they were metabolized primarily in the kidney. These results provided useful information about the toxicity of MOFs and experimental references for the development of MOFs-based engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Gan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Peng
- Laboratory Animal Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Di Wu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hongzhao Xiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaomei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., No. 367, Hongjin Road, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Zili Suo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
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17
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Xiao Q, Zoulikha M, Qiu M, Teng C, Lin C, Li X, Sallam MA, Xu Q, He W. The effects of protein corona on in vivo fate of nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114356. [PMID: 35595022 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the emerging advances in utilizing nanocarriers for biomedical applications, a molecular-level understanding of the in vivo fate of nanocarriers is necessary. After administration into human fluids, nanocarriers can attract proteins onto their surfaces, forming an assembled adsorption layer called protein corona (PC). The formed PC can influence the physicochemical properties and subsequently determine nanocarriers' biological behaviors. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the features and effects of the PC on the nanocarriers' surface is the first and most important step towards controlling their in vivo fate. This review introduces fundamental knowledge such as the definition, formation, composition, conformation, and characterization of the PC, emphasizing the in vivo environmental factors that control the PC formation. The effect of PC on the physicochemical properties and thus biological behaviors of nanocarriers was then presented and thoroughly discussed. Finally, we proposed the design strategies available for engineering PC onto nanocarriers to manipulate them with the desired surface properties and achieve the best biomedical outcomes.
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18
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García-Melero J, López-Mitjavila JJ, García-Celma MJ, Rodriguez-Abreu C, Grijalvo S. Rosmarinic Acid-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Prepared by Low-Energy Nano-Emulsion Templating: Formulation, Biophysical Characterization, and In Vitro Studies. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15134572. [PMID: 35806696 PMCID: PMC9267406 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a caffeic acid derivative, has been loaded in polymeric nanoparticles made up of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) through a nano-emulsion templating process using the phase-inversion composition (PIC) method at room temperature. The obtained RA-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were colloidally stable exhibiting average diameters in the range of 70–100 nm. RA was entrapped within the PLGA polymeric network with high encapsulation efficiencies and nanoparticles were able to release RA in a rate-controlled manner. A first-order equation model fitted our experimental data and confirmed the prevalence of diffusion mechanisms. Protein corona formation on the surface of NPs was assessed upon incubation with serum proteins. Protein adsorption induced an increase in the hydrodynamic diameter and a slight shift towards more negative surface charges of the NPs. The radical scavenging activity of RA-loaded NPs was also studied using the DPPH·assay and showed a dose–response relationship between the NPs concentration and DPPH inhibition. Finally, RA-loaded NPs did not affect the cellular proliferation of the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line and promoted efficient cellular uptake. These results are promising for expanding the use of O/W nano-emulsions in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica García-Melero
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
| | - Joan-Josep López-Mitjavila
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
| | - María José García-Celma
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical-Chemistry, R+D Associated Unit to CSIC Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC-IQAC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-M.); (J.-J.L.-M.)
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.R.-A.); (S.G.)
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.R.-A.); (S.G.)
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19
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Jiang Z, Chu Y, Zhan C. Protein corona: challenges and opportunities for targeted delivery of nanomedicines. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:833-846. [PMID: 35738018 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2093854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeted drug delivery has been widely explored as a promising way to improve the performance of nanomedicines. However, protein corona formed on the nano-surface represents a major issue that has great impacts on the in vivo fate of targeting nanomedicines, which has been overlooked in the past. With the increasing understanding of protein corona in the recent decade, many efforts have been made to improve targeting efficacy. AREAS COVERED In this review, we briefly summarize insights of targeted delivery systems inspired by protein corona, and discuss the promising strategies to regulate protein corona for better targeting. EXPERT OPINION The interaction between nanomedicines and endogenous proteins brings great uncertainty and challenges, but it also provides great opportunities for the development of targeting nanomedicines at the same time. With increasing understanding of protein corona, the strategies to regulate protein corona pave new avenues for the development of targeting nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxuan Jiang
- Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital & Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiu Chu
- Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital & Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- Center of Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital & Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Synthetic Immunology, Shanghai, P.R. China
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20
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Khan S, Sharifi M, Gleghorn JP, Babadaei MMN, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Amin M, Bai Q, Ten Hagen TLM, Falahati M, Cho WC. Artificial engineering of the protein corona at bio-nano interfaces for improved cancer-targeted nanotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 348:127-147. [PMID: 35660636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated in numerous applications as anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Artificial engineering of protein interactions with NPs in biological systems is crucial to develop potential NPs for drug delivery and cancer nanotherapy. The protein corona (PC) on the NP surface, displays an interface between biomacromolecules and NPs, governing their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Upon interaction of proteins with the NP surface, their surface features are modified and they can easily be removed from the circulation by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). PC properties heavily depend on the biological microenvironment and NP surface physicochemical parameters. Based on this context, we have surveyed different approaches that have been used for artificial engineering of the PC composition on NP surfaces. We discuss the effects of NP size, shape, surface modifications (PEGylation, self-peptide, other polymers), and protein pre-coating on the PC properties. Additionally, other factors including protein source and structure, intravenous injection and the subsequent shear flow, plasma protein gradients, temperature and local heat transfer, and washing media are considered in the context of their effects on the PC properties and overall target cellular effects. Moreover, the effects of NP-PC complexes on cancer cells based on cellular interactions, organization of intracellular PC (IPC), targeted drug delivery (TDD) and regulation of burst drug release profile of nanoplatforms, enhanced biocompatibility, and clinical applications were discussed followed by challenges and future perspective of the field. In conclusion, this paper can provide useful information to manipulate PC properties on the NP surface, thus trying to provide a literature survey to shorten their shipping from preclinical to clinical trials and to lay the basis for a personalized PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Jason P Gleghorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammadreza Amin
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qian Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.
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21
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Blondy T, Poly J, Linot C, Boucard J, Allard-Vannier E, Nedellec S, Hulin P, Hénoumont C, Larbanoix L, Muller RN, Laurent S, Ishow E, Blanquart C. Impact of RAFT chain transfer agents on the polymeric shell density of magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles and their cellular uptake. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5884-5898. [PMID: 35373226 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The impact of nanoparticle surface chemistry on cell interactions and especially cell uptake has become evident over the last few years in nanomedicine. Since PEG polymers have proved to be ideal tools for attaining stealthiness and favor escape from the in vivo mononuclear phagocytotic system, the accurate control of their geometry is of primary importance and can be achieved through reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization. In this study, we demonstrate that the residual groups of the chain transfer agents (CTAs) introduced in the main chain exert a significant impact on the cellular internalization of functionalized nanoparticles. High-resolution magic angle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy permitted by the magneto-fluorescence properties of nanoassemblies (NAs) revealed the compaction of the PEG comb-like shell incorporating CTAs with a long alkyl chain, without changing the overall surface potential. As a consequence of the capability of alkyl units to self-assemble at the NA surface while hardly contributing more than 0.5% to the total polyelectrolyte weight, denser PEGylated NAs showed notably less internalization in all cells of the tumor microenvironment (tumor cells, macrophages and healthy cells). Interestingly, such differentiated uptake is also observed between pro-inflammatory M1-like and immunosuppressive M2-like macrophages, with the latter more efficiently phagocytizing NAs coated with a less compact PEGylated shell. In contrast, the NA diffusion inside multicellular spheroids, used to mimic solid tumors, appeared to be independent of the NA coating. These results provide a novel effort-saving approach where the sole variation of the chemical nature of CTAs in RAFT PEGylated polymers strikingly modulate the cell uptake of nanoparticles upon the organization of their surface coating and open the pathway toward selectively addressing macrophage populations for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Blondy
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Julien Poly
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Camille Linot
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Joanna Boucard
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Emilie Allard-Vannier
- EA 6295 'Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes', Université de Tours, Tours, F-37200, France
| | - Steven Nedellec
- Nantes Université, INSERM, UMS 016, CNRS, UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Phillipe Hulin
- Nantes Université, INSERM, UMS 016, CNRS, UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Céline Hénoumont
- Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Lionel Larbanoix
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, 8 rue Adrienne Bolland à Gosselies, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Robert N Muller
- Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, 8 rue Adrienne Bolland à Gosselies, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Eléna Ishow
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Christophe Blanquart
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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22
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Berger S, Berger M, Bantz C, Maskos M, Wagner E. Performance of nanoparticles for biomedical applications: The in vitro/ in vivo discrepancy. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:011303. [PMID: 38505225 PMCID: PMC10903387 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has a great potential to revolutionize the therapeutic landscape. However, up-to-date results obtained from in vitro experiments predict the in vivo performance of nanoparticles weakly or not at all. There is a need for in vitro experiments that better resemble the in vivo reality. As a result, animal experiments can be reduced, and potent in vivo candidates will not be missed. It is important to gain a deeper knowledge about nanoparticle characteristics in physiological environment. In this context, the protein corona plays a crucial role. Its formation process including driving forces, kinetics, and influencing factors has to be explored in more detail. There exist different methods for the investigation of the protein corona and its impact on physico-chemical and biological properties of nanoparticles, which are compiled and critically reflected in this review article. The obtained information about the protein corona can be exploited to optimize nanoparticles for in vivo application. Still the translation from in vitro to in vivo remains challenging. Functional in vitro screening under physiological conditions such as in full serum, in 3D multicellular spheroids/organoids, or under flow conditions is recommended. Innovative in vivo screening using barcoded nanoparticles can simultaneously test more than hundred samples regarding biodistribution and functional delivery within a single mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Berger
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, D-55129 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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23
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Latreille PL, Le Goas M, Salimi S, Robert J, De Crescenzo G, Boffito DC, Martinez VA, Hildgen P, Banquy X. Scratching the Surface of the Protein Corona: Challenging Measurements and Controversies. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1689-1707. [PMID: 35138808 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This Review aims to provide a systematic analysis of the literature regarding ongoing debates in protein corona research. Our goal is to portray the current understanding of two fundamental and debated characteristics of the protein corona, namely, the formation of mono- or multilayers of proteins and their binding (ir)reversibility. The statistical analysis we perform reveals that these characterisitics are strongly correlated to some physicochemical factors of the NP-protein system (particle size, bulk material, protein type), whereas the technique of investigation or the type of measurement (in situ or ex situ) do not impact the results, unlike commonly assumed. Regarding the binding reversibility, the experimental design (either dilution or competition experiments) is also shown to be a key factor, probably due to nontrivial protein binding mechanisms, which could explain the paradoxical phenomena reported in the literature. Overall, we suggest that to truly predict and control the protein corona, future efforts should be directed toward the mechanistic aspects of protein adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Latreille
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marine Le Goas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sina Salimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jordan Robert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Daria C Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Vincent A Martinez
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Patrice Hildgen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Chakraborty D, Giri S, Natarajan L, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Recent Advances in Understanding the Facets of Eco-corona on Engineered Nanomaterials. J Indian Inst Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-021-00266-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Ventouri IK, Loeber S, Somsen GW, Schoenmakers PJ, Astefanei A. Field-flow fractionation for molecular-interaction studies of labile and complex systems: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1193:339396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Farshbaf M, Valizadeh H, Panahi Y, Fatahi Y, Chen M, Zarebkohan A, Gao H. The impact of protein corona on the biological behavior of targeting nanomedicines. Int J Pharm 2022; 614:121458. [PMID: 35017025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For successful translation of targeting nanomedicines from bench to bedside, it is vital to address their most common drawbacks namely rapid clearance and off-target accumulation. These complications evidently originate from a phenomenon called "protein corona (PC) formation" around the surface of targeting nanoparticles (NPs) which happens once they encounter the bloodstream and interact with plasma proteins with high collision frequency. This phenomenon endows the targeting nanomedicines with a different biological behavior followed by an unexpected fate, which is usually very different from what we commonly observe in vitro. In addition to the inherent physiochemical properties of NPs, the targeting ligands could also remarkably dictate the amount and type of adsorbed PC. As very limited studies have focused their attention on this particular factor, the present review is tasked to discuss the best simulated environment and latest characterization techniques applied to PC analysis. The effect of PC on the biological behavior of targeting NPs engineered with different targeting moieties is further discussed. Ultimately, the recent progresses in manipulation of nano-bio interfaces to achieve the most favorite therapeutic outcome are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Farshbaf
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yunes Panahi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Leer K, Cinar G, Solomun JI, Martin L, Nischang I, Traeger A. Core-crosslinked, temperature- and pH-responsive micelles: design, physicochemical characterization, and gene delivery application. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19412-19429. [PMID: 34591061 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04223h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive block copolymer micelles can provide tailored properties for the efficient delivery of genetic material. In particular, temperature- and pH-responsive materials are of interest, since their physicochemical properties can be easily tailored to meet the requirements for successful gene delivery. Within this study, a stimuli-responsive micelle system for gene delivery was designed based on a diblock copolymer consisting of poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAm) as a temperature-responsive segment combined with poly(aminoethyl acrylamide) (PAEAm) as a pH-responsive, cationic segment. Upon temperature increase, the PDEAm block becomes hydrophobic due to its lower critical solution temperature (LCST), leading to micelle formation. Furthermore, the monomer 2-(pyridin-2-yldisulfanyl)ethyl acrylate (PDSAc) was incorporated into the temperature-responsive PDEAm building block enabling disulfide crosslinking of the formed micelle core to stabilize its structure regardless of temperature and dilution. The cloud points of the PDEAm block and the diblock copolymer were investigated by turbidimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent formation of micelles was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and elucidated in detail by an analytical ultracentrifuge (AUC), which provided detailed insights into the solution dynamics between polymers and assembled micelles as a function of temperature. Finally, the micelles were investigated for their applicability as gene delivery vectors by evaluation of cytotoxicity, pDNA binding, and transfection efficiency using HEK293T cells. The investigations showed that core-crosslinking resulted in a 13-fold increase in observed transfection efficiency. Our study presents a comprehensive investigation from polymer synthesis to an in-depth physicochemical characterization and biological application of a crosslinked micelle system including stimuli-responsive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Leer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gizem Cinar
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jana I Solomun
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Liam Martin
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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28
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Zhang J, Qin M, Yang D, Yuan L, Zou X, Dai W, Zhang H, Wang X, He B, Zhang Q. Nanoprotein Interaction Atlas Reveals the Transport Pathway of Gold Nanoparticles across Epithelium and Its Association with Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. ACS NANO 2021; 15:17977-17997. [PMID: 34672537 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A tremendous number of proteins participate in the delivery and transport process of nanomedicines. Nanoprotein interactions not only mediate drug delivery but also determine drug safety. In the field of biomedical sciences, the epithelial barrier is a huge challenge for gastrointestinal, intratracheal, intranasal, vaginal, and intrauterine delivery of nanomedicines. However, the molecular mechanisms by which nanomedicines cross tissue or cell barriers are not well understood. Here, we explored the nanoprotein interactions during the transcytosis of nanoparticles across the epithelial barrier by focusing on the transport pathway and mechanisms. Due to the limitations of traditional methods in resolving nanoprotein interactions, we developed a backward analysis strategy. By simultaneously analyzing the protein corona on the particle surface and the cellular response after transcytosis, we integrated the information on both directly and indirectly interacting proteins, establishing a holistic nanoprotein interaction atlas. It revealed the dominant role of the EV/ER/Golgi/SV pathway in the transcytosis of nanoparticles. More importantly, based on the established atlas, we discovered the association of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with nanoparticle transportation. The endocytosis for entering cells and exocytosis/transcytosis for leaving cells were differently regulated by the Wnt pathway. Notably, this regulatory effect was dependent on the particle size. Bigger nanoparticles departed from cells through the exocytosis pathway faster because of the specific bridging effect on the Wnt-Frizzled interaction and the feedback loop construction based on the exosomes. This mechanism gives an interpretation at the molecular level to the transcytosis dilemma of larger nanoparticles. Moreover, the size-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway provides a promising regulatory and screening platform for the transportation of different nanomedicines through the epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengmeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lan Yuan
- Centre of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiajuan Zou
- Centre of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenbing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Akhter MH, Khalilullah H, Gupta M, Alfaleh MA, Alhakamy NA, Riadi Y, Md S. Impact of Protein Corona on the Biological Identity of Nanomedicine: Understanding the Fate of Nanomaterials in the Biological Milieu. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1496. [PMID: 34680613 PMCID: PMC8533425 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with a biological medium are rapidly comprehended by a number of protein molecules resulting in the formation of an NP-protein complex called protein corona (PC). The cell sees the protein-coated NPs as the synthetic identity is masked by protein surfacing. The PC formation ultimately has a substantial impact on various biological processes including drug release, drug targeting, cell recognition, biodistribution, cellular uptake, and therapeutic efficacy. Further, the composition of PC is largely influenced by the physico-chemical properties of NPs viz. the size, shape, surface charge, and surface chemistry in the biological milieu. However, the change in the biological responses of the new substrate depends on the quantity of protein access by the NPs. The PC-layered NPs act as new biological entities and are recognized as different targeting agents for the receptor-mediated ingress of therapeutics in the biological cells. The corona-enveloped NPs have both pros and cons in the biological system. The review provides a brief insight into the impact of biomolecules on nanomaterials carrying cargos and their ultimate fate in the biological milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habban Akhter
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India;
| | - Mohamed A. Alfaleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (N.A.A.)
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (N.A.A.)
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (N.A.A.)
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Tan X, Welsher K. Particle‐by‐Particle In Situ Characterization of the Protein Corona via Real‐Time 3D Single‐Particle‐Tracking Spectroscopy**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Tan
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Kevin Welsher
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
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31
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Tan X, Welsher K. Particle-by-Particle In Situ Characterization of the Protein Corona via Real-Time 3D Single-Particle-Tracking Spectroscopy*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22359-22367. [PMID: 34015174 PMCID: PMC8763617 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb proteins when exposed to biological fluids, forming a dynamic protein corona that affects their fate in biological environments. A comprehensive understanding of the protein corona is lacking due to the inability of current techniques to precisely measure the full corona in situ at the single-particle level. Herein, we introduce a 3D real-time single-particle tracking spectroscopy to "lock-on" to single freely diffusing polystyrene NPs and probe their individual protein coronas, primarily using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model system. The fluorescence signals and diffusive motions of the tracked NPs enable quantification of the "hard corona" using mean-squared displacement analysis. Critically, this method's particle-by-particle nature enabled a lock-in-type frequency filtering approach to extract the full protein corona, despite the typically confounding effect of high background signal from unbound proteins. From these results, the dynamic in situ full protein corona is observed to contain twice the number of proteins compared to the ex situ-measured "hard" protein corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Kevin Welsher
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
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32
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Rao C, Patel SK, Prasad A, Garg N, Nandi CK. Effect of Protein Corona on the Drug Delivery of Carbogenic Nanodots and Their Mapping by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5776-5785. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chethana Rao
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
| | - Sandesh K. Patel
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
| | - Chayan K. Nandi
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP 175001, India
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33
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Xu F, Dong B, Li X, Gao F, Yang D, Xue W, Wang P. Profiling and Regulating Proteins That Adsorb to DNA Materials in Human Serum. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8671-8679. [PMID: 34107681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA aptamers and framework DNA nanostructures are emerging DNA materials with many appealing biological applications including biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and so forth. When placed in physiological fluids, they inevitably encounter biomolecules (majorly proteins) and form complexes that largely affect their biological fate. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the quantitative profile of proteins that adsorb to DNA aptamers and DNA nanostructures in biological environments, and there are no potent strategies to regulate protein profiles. Herein, we performed a proteomic analysis to profile proteins that bind to DNA aptamers (Sgc8c and SYLC3) and nanostructures (a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure and a DNA origami rod) in human serum using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Dozens to hundreds of proteins were identified with each DNA material exhibiting highly distinctive profiles. It was also revealed that the origin of serum (from healthy donor vs from prostate cancer patients) causes significant differences in profiles of bound proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protein profile may be regulated by tethering a layer of single-stranded DNA (polythymine) onto the DNA origami rod to alleviate the adsorption of complement-associated proteins, which significantly reduced its sequestration by macrophages. Taken together, this study has provided qualitative and quantitative proteomic profiles regarding serum proteins that adsorb to various DNA materials and have demonstrated that the composition of interacted proteins may be regulated toward better biological performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Donglei Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Urology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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34
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Braatz D, Dimde M, Ma G, Zhong Y, Tully M, Grötzinger C, Zhang Y, Mavroskoufis A, Schirner M, Zhong Z, Ballauff M, Haag R. Toolbox of Biodegradable Dendritic (Poly glycerol sulfate)-SS-poly(ester) Micelles for Cancer Treatment: Stability, Drug Release, and Tumor Targeting. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2625-2640. [PMID: 34076415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present well-defined dPGS-SS-PCL/PLGA/PLA micellar systems demonstrating excellent capabilities as a drug delivery platform in light of high stability and precise in vitro and in vivo drug release combined with active targetability to tumors. These six amphiphilic block copolymers were each targeted in two different molecular weights (8 or 16 kDa) and characterized using 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and elemental analysis. The block copolymer micelles showed monodispersed size distributions of 81-187 nm, strong negative charges between -52 and -41 mV, and low critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of up to 1.13-3.58 mg/L (134-527 nM). The serum stability was determined as 94% after 24 h. The drug-loading efficiency for Sunitinib ranges from 38 to 83% (8-17 wt %). The release was selectively triggered by glutathione (GSH) and lipase, reaching 85% after 5 days, while only 20% leaching was observed under physiological conditions. Both the in vitro and in vivo studies showed sustained release of Sunitinib over 1 week. CCK-8 assays on HeLa lines demonstrated the high cell compatibility (1 mg/mL, 94% cell viability, 48 h) and the high cancer cell toxicity of Sunitinib-loaded micelles (IC50 2.5 μg/mL). By in vivo fluorescence imaging studies on HT-29 tumor-bearing mice, the targetability of dPGS7.8-SS-PCL7.8 enabled substantial accumulation in tumor tissue compared to nonsulfated dPG3.9-SS-PCL7.8. As a proof of concept, Sunitinib-loaded dPGS-SS-poly(ester) micelles improved the antitumor efficacy of the chemotherapeutic. A tenfold lower dosage of loaded Sunitinib led to an even higher tumor growth inhibition compared to the free drug, as demonstrated in a HeLa human cervical tumor-bearing mice model. No toxicity for the organism was observed, confirming the good biocompatibility of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Braatz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dimde
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guoxin Ma
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yinan Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Michael Tully
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Alexandros Mavroskoufis
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schirner
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Matthias Ballauff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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35
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Li M, Zhang X, Li S, Shao X, Chen H, Lv L, Huang X. Probing protein dissociation from gold nanoparticles and the influence of temperature from the protein corona formation mechanism. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18198-18204. [PMID: 35480918 PMCID: PMC9033426 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) provide a novel approach for protein enrichment and analysis due to their protein adsorption properties, forming a so called protein corona. This corona can significantly influence the protein's structure and characteristics, hindering their identification in situ. Dissociation is an important solution to analyze and identify the composition of protein coronas. However, a comprehensive picture of adsorbed protein dissociation is lacking. In this study, the protein dissociation from the protein corona and influencing factors were investigated on the basis of the formation mechanism and time evolution. Temperature and cysteine are the key factors influencing protein dissociation by altering the protein's binding ability. The results showed that half Au–S formation time is an important time point for thio-protein dissociation by the method of high speed centrifugation. When incubated for longer than that time, the thio-protein located in the hard corona could only be separated by β-mercaptoethanol replacement under analytical ultracentrifugation. However, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed significant changes that occurred in βlg's secondary structure after ultracentrifugation. The Au–S bond formation time offers the potential to define the protein enrichment time of AuNPs. A protein corona changes protein's structure and characteristics, hindering their identification in situ. Dissociation is an important solution to identify their composition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Li
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075 China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Sining Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiaoqing Shao
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Huixian Chen
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Lei Lv
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
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36
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Kruszewska J, Zajda J, Matczuk M. How to effectively prepare a sample for bottom-up proteomic analysis of nanoparticle protein corona? A critical review. Talanta 2021; 226:122153. [PMID: 33676702 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the interest in the biomedical applications of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) has rapidly grown over the last decades, there is a need for a thorough characterization of bio-nano interactions. NPs introduced to the body (mostly intravenously) encounter plasma proteins, that instantly create a so-called "protein corona" on the NPs surface, giving the nanomaterial a new biological identity. Type of the proteins that interact with NPs may affect the in vivo fate of NPs. For that reason, it is particularly important to establish analytical methods capable of corona protein identification. Bottom-up proteomics is most often used for that purpose. A crucial part of the experiment is sample preparation, as it is already proven that different protocols may lead to distinct results. This review is aimed at providing a characterization of two main stages of sample preparation: separation of NPs with protein corona from the unbound proteins and the digestion of corona proteins. Separation techniques such as centrifugation, magnetic separation, and chromatography and three digestion methods (in-gel, in-solution, and on-particle) are described with special emphasis paid on their advantages and disadvantages as well as their influence on the result of identification. This paper also indicates the need for standardization of protein corona identification protocols, as some of the proteins may be preferentially detected while applying a particular digestion procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruszewska
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Zajda
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Matczuk
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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Quattrini F, Berrecoso G, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:373-395. [PMID: 33521866 PMCID: PMC7987708 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of polymeric nanocarriers in the field of drug delivery is ever-increasing, and the accurate characterization of their properties is paramount to understand and predict their behavior. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a fractionation technique that has gained considerable attention for its gentle separation conditions, broad working range, and versatility. AF4 can be hyphenated to a plurality of concentration and size detectors, thus permitting the analysis of the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Despite this potential, the practical information that can be retrieved by AF4 and its possible applications are still rather unfamiliar to the pharmaceutical scientist. This review was conceived as a primer that clearly states the "do's and don'ts" about AF4 applied to the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Aside from size characterization, AF4 can be beneficial during formulation optimization, for drug loading and drug release determination and for the study of interactions among biomaterials. It will focus mainly on the advances made in the last 5 years, as well as indicating the problematics on the consensus, which have not been reached yet. Methodological recommendations for several case studies will be also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Quattrini
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Germán Berrecoso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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García-Álvarez R, Vallet-Regí M. Hard and Soft Protein Corona of Nanomaterials: Analysis and Relevance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:888. [PMID: 33807228 PMCID: PMC8067325 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Upon contact with a biological milieu, nanomaterials tend to interact with biomolecules present in the media, especially proteins, leading to the formation of the so-called "protein corona". As a result of these nanomaterial-protein interactions, the bio-identity of the nanomaterial is altered, which is translated into modifications of its behavior, fate, and pharmacological profile. For biomedical applications, it is fundamental to understand the biological behavior of nanomaterials prior to any clinical translation. For these reasons, during the last decade, numerous publications have been focused on the investigation of the protein corona of many different types of nanomaterials. Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that the structure of the protein corona can be divided into hard and soft corona, depending on the affinity of the proteins for the nanoparticle surface. In the present document, we explore the differences between these two protein coronas, review the analysis techniques used for their assessment, and reflect on their relevance for medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela García-Álvarez
- Departamento Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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de Castro CE, Panico K, Stangherlin LM, Albuquerque LJC, A S Ribeiro C, da Silva MCC, Jäger E, Giacomelli FC. Evidence of protein coronas around soft nanoparticles regardless of the chemical nature of the outer surface: structural features and biological consequences. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2073-2083. [PMID: 33594396 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The formation of biomolecular coronas around nanoparticles as soon as they come in contact with biological media is nowadays well accepted. The self-developed biological outer surfaces can affect the targeting capability of the colloidal carriers as well as their cytotoxicity and cellular uptake behavior. In this framework, we explored the structural features and biological consequences of protein coronas around block copolymer assemblies consisting of a common pH-responsive core made by poly[2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDPA) and hydrophilic shells of different chemical natures: zwitterionic poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) or highly hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA). We demonstrated the presence of ∼50 nm protein coronas around the nanoparticles regardless of the chemical nature of the polymeric shells. The thickness is understood as the sum of the soft and hard layers and it is the actual interface seen by the cells. Although the soft corona composition is difficult to determine because the proteins are loosely bound to the outer surface of the assemblies, the tightly bound proteins (hard corona) could be identified and quantified. The compositional analysis of the hard corona demonstrated that human serum albumin (HSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fibrinogen are the main components of the protein coronas, and serotransferrin is present particularly in the protein corona of the zwitterionic-stabilized assemblies. The protein coronas substantially reduce the cellular uptake of the colloidal particles due to their increased size and the presence of HSA which is known to reduce nanoparticle-cell adhesion. On the other hand, their existence also reduces the levels of cytotoxicity of the polymeric assemblies, highlighting that protein coronas should not be always understood as artifacts that need to be eliminated due to their positive outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E de Castro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Karine Panico
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Lucas M Stangherlin
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
| | | | - Caroline A S Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Maria C C da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Eliézer Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando C Giacomelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
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Dutz S, Weidner A, von der Lühe M, Gräfe C, Biehl P, Demut J, Warncke P, Jungmann S, Fischer D, Schacher FH, Clement JH. Hybrid nanomaterials of biomolecule corona coated magnetic nanoparticles and their interaction with biological systems. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are interesting for various applications in medicine. If administered to a biological system like the human body, a so-called biomolecule corona is formed on the surface of the particles, which highly determines the biological fate of the particles. To elucidate whether a preconditioning of the MNPs by incubation with biomolecules influences biocompatibility and bioavailability, the formation of such a corona was investigated in more detail. For this, the influence of particle characteristics, e.g., surface charge, as well as various incubation parameters on the resulting corona was investigated. It was found that the biomolecule corona is formed immediately after bringing together the particles with the biomolecule source. By variation of the biomolecule content of the incubation medium, the size of the corona can be modulated. Regarding the interaction of the nanoparticles with cells, it was shown that the presence of a biomolecule corona reduces the interaction and that a more pronounced biomolecule corona leads to a reduced uptake of the magnetic nanohybrids into the cells. Cell viability tests confirmed biocompatibility of the biomolecule-coated particles. A more pronounced corona promotes a higher cell viability. By using a shell-less hen’s egg model, no or reduced adverse effects of all biomolecule-coated MNP for this in vivo test were found. Resulting from these investigations, we were able to demonstrate that our newly developed nanohybrids significantly reduce in vivo toxicity compared to uncoated MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Dutz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMTI) , Technische Universität Ilmenau , Ilmenau , Germany
- Department of Nano Biophotonics , Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) , Jena , Germany
| | - Andreas Weidner
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMTI) , Technische Universität Ilmenau , Ilmenau , Germany
| | - Moritz von der Lühe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Christine Gräfe
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie , Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Philip Biehl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Johanna Demut
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie , Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Paul Warncke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology und Biopharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Sandra Jungmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology und Biopharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Dagmar Fischer
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology und Biopharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
| | - Joachim H. Clement
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Jena , Germany
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie , Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena , Germany
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Cinar G, Englert C, Schubert US, Nischang I. Salient features of medical nanoparticles in biological fluids from an analytical ultracentrifuge. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22462-22466. [PMID: 33156303 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
From the perspective of future translation, medical, biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) have been investigated using an analytical ultracentrifuge in fluids of various complexity, including human serum, in the temperature range of 6 to 40 °C, and timescales relevant for a nanomedical targeting and clearance application. These studies provided salient insights into the integrity and degradation aspects of the NPs, imposed by varying solution environmental conditions. This was enabled by selective monitoring of the targeting dye moiety, cell-specifically directing the NPs to the desired location of interest, i.e. considering a future translative in vivo application. Our study provides experimental insights that are believed to be of key importance to gauge the feasibility of such translative applications in terms of (i) compatibility with patient sera, (ii) timescales of targeting success, and (iii) timescales of desired erosion enabling clearance from the target. All such aspects are provided a priori any in vivo implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Cinar
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Zhong W, Hou W, Liu Y, Liu L, Zhao H. Biosurfaces Fabricated by Polymerization-Induced Surface Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12649-12657. [PMID: 33070609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface biofunctionalization provides an approach to the fabrication of surfaces with improved biological and clinical performances. Biosurfaces have found increasing applications in many areas such as sensing, cell growth, and disease detection. Efficient synthesis of biosurfaces without damages to the structures and functionalities of biomolecules is a great challenge. Polymerization-induced surface self-assembly (PISSA) provides an effective approach to the synthesis of surface nanostructures with different compositions, morphologies, and properties. In this research, application of PISSA in the fabrication of biosurfaces is investigated. Two different reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents, RAFT chain transfer agent (CTA) on silica particles (SiO2-CTA) and CTA on bovine serum albumin (BSA-CTA), were employed in RAFT dispersion polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) in water at a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of poly-(isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). After polymerization, PNIPAM layers with BSA on the top surfaces are fabricated on the surfaces of silica particles. Transmission electron microscopy results show that the average PNIPAM layer thickness increases with monomer conversion. Kinetics study indicates that there is a turn point on a plot of ln([M]0/[M]t) versus polymerization time. After the critical point, surface coassembly of PNIPAM brushes and BSA-PNIPAM bioconjugates is performed on the silica particles. The secondary structure and the activity of BSA immobilized on top of the PNIPAM layers are basically kept unchanged in the PISSA process. To prepare permanently immobilized protein surfaces, PNIPAM layers on silica particles are cross-linked. BSA on the top surfaces presents a reversible "on-off" switching property. At a temperature below the LCST of PNIPAM, the activity of the immobilized BSA is retained; however, the BSA activity decreases significantly at a temperature above the LCST because of the hydrophobic interaction between PNIPAM and BSA. Based on this approach, many different biosurfaces can be fabricated and the materials will find applications in many fields, such as enzyme immobilization, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wangmeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yingze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hanying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
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Sanchez-Guzman D, Giraudon-Colas G, Marichal L, Boulard Y, Wien F, Degrouard J, Baeza-Squiban A, Pin S, Renault JP, Devineau S. In Situ Analysis of Weakly Bound Proteins Reveals Molecular Basis of Soft Corona Formation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9073-9088. [PMID: 32633939 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Few experimental techniques allow the analysis of the protein corona in situ. As a result, little is known on the effects of nanoparticles on weakly bound proteins that form the soft corona. Despite its biological importance, our understanding of the molecular bases driving its formation is limited. Here, we show that hemoglobin can form either a hard or a soft corona on silica nanoparticles depending on the pH conditions. Using cryoTEM and synchrotron-radiation circular dichroism, we show that nanoparticles alter the structure and the stability of weakly bound proteins in situ. Molecular dynamics simulation identified the structural elements driving protein-nanoparticle interaction. Based on thermodynamic analysis, we show that nanoparticles stabilize partially unfolded protein conformations by enthalpy-driven molecular interactions. We suggest that nanoparticles alter weakly bound proteins by shifting the equilibrium toward the unfolded states at physiological temperature. We show that the classical approach based on nanoparticle separation from the biological medium fails to detect destabilization of weakly bound proteins, and therefore cannot be used to fully predict the biological effects of nanomaterials in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laurent Marichal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Yves Boulard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, I2BC, B3S, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
| | - Frank Wien
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jéril Degrouard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Serge Pin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
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Marichal L, Degrouard J, Gatin A, Raffray N, Aude JC, Boulard Y, Combet S, Cousin F, Hourdez S, Mary J, Renault JP, Pin S. From Protein Corona to Colloidal Self-Assembly: The Importance of Protein Size in Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8218-8230. [PMID: 32585107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption on nanoparticles is an important field of study, particularly with regard to nanomedicine and nanotoxicology. Many factors can influence the composition and structure of the layer(s) of adsorbed proteins, the so-called protein corona. However, the role of protein size has not been specifically investigated, although some evidence has indicated its potential important role in corona composition and structure. To assess the role of protein size, we studied the interactions of hemoproteins (spanning a large size range) with monodisperse silica nanoparticles. We combined various techniques-adsorption isotherms, isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism, and transmission electron cryomicroscopy-to address this issue. Overall, the results show that small proteins behaved as typical model proteins, forming homogeneous monolayers on the nanoparticle surface (protein corona). Their adsorption is purely enthalpy-driven, with subtle structural changes. In contrast, large proteins interact with nanoparticles via entropy-driven mechanisms. Their structure is completely preserved during adsorption, and any given protein can directly bind to several nanoparticles, forming bridges in these newly formed protein-nanoparticle assemblies. Protein size is clearly an overlooked factor that should be integrated into proteomics and toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Marichal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, I2BC, B3S, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jéril Degrouard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Anouchka Gatin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nolwenn Raffray
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Yves Boulard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, I2BC, B3S, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sophie Combet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin, UMR 12 CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin, UMR 12 CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Hourdez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Team DYDIV, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Jean Mary
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Team DYDIV, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | - Serge Pin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Simonsen JB, Münter R. Pay Attention to Biological Nanoparticles when Studying the Protein Corona on Nanomedicines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12584-12588. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens B. Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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46
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Simonsen JB, Münter R. Pay Attention to Biological Nanoparticles when Studying the Protein Corona on Nanomedicines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens B. Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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Di Gioacchino M, Petrarca C, Gatta A, Scarano G, Farinelli A, Della Valle L, Lumaca A, Del Biondo P, Paganelli R, Di Giampaolo L. Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy: state of the art and future perspectives. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:513-525. [PMID: 32343153 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1762572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For several years now, medicine has been benefiting from the contribution of nanoparticles (NPs) technology for both diagnosis and therapy. They can be used as adjuvants, being capable per se of immune-modulating activity, or as carriers for molecules to be transported to a specific target, eventually loaded with specific ligands favoring specific uptake. AREAS COVERED The review focuses on experimental use of NPs as adjuvants/carriers for allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Human clinical trials conducted so far are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Results of experimental studies and recent clinical trials support the use of NPs as carrier/adjuvant in AIT. Comparisons between NP-based and classical AIT are needed, to show the usefulness of the NP-based approach. However, there are still unsolved problems: the persistence of non-degradable NPs with possible toxicological consequences, and the formation of the protein corona around the NPs, which could alter their activity and fate. Virus-like particles seem the most promising NPs for allergy treatment, as for other vaccines. Over the next decade, NP-based AIT will be largely used to treat allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Gioacchino
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Leonardo Da Vinci, University , Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Claudia Petrarca
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - Gilda Scarano
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Anila Farinelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Loredana Della Valle
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Arianna Lumaca
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Pietro Del Biondo
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Luca Di Giampaolo
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
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48
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Alberg I, Kramer S, Schinnerer M, Hu Q, Seidl C, Leps C, Drude N, Möckel D, Rijcken C, Lammers T, Diken M, Maskos M, Morsbach S, Landfester K, Tenzer S, Barz M, Zentel R. Polymeric Nanoparticles with Neglectable Protein Corona. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907574. [PMID: 32250017 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of nanoparticle-protein interactions indicates that they rapidly adsorb proteins upon introduction into a living organism. The formed protein corona determines thereafter identity and fate of nanoparticles in the body. The present study evaluates the protein affinity of three core-crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles with long circulation times, differing in the hydrophilic polymer material forming the particle surface, namely poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide) (pHPMA), polysarcosine (pSar), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). This includes the nanotherapeutic CPC634, which is currently in clinical phase II evaluation. To investigate possible protein corona formation, the nanoparticles are incubated in human blood plasma and separated by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). Notably, light scattering shows no detectable differences in particle size or polydispersity upon incubation with plasma for all nanoparticles, while in gel electrophoresis, minor amounts of proteins can be detected in the particle fraction. Label-free quantitative proteomics is additionally applied to analyze and quantify the composition of the proteins. It proves that some proteins are enriched, but their concentration is significantly less than one protein per particle. Thus, most of the nanoparticles are not associated with any proteins. Therefore, this work underlines that polymeric nanoparticles can be synthesized, for which a protein corona formation does not take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Alberg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Stefan Kramer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Meike Schinnerer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Qizhi Hu
- Cristal Therapeutics, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Seidl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Christian Leps
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Natascha Drude
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Diana Möckel
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Cristianne Rijcken
- Cristal Therapeutics, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University gGmbH, Freiligrathstr. 12, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, Mainz, 55129, Germany
| | - Svenja Morsbach
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
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49
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Pattipeiluhu R, Crielaard S, Klein-Schiphorst I, Florea BI, Kros A, Campbell F. Unbiased Identification of the Liposome Protein Corona using Photoaffinity-based Chemoproteomics. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:535-545. [PMID: 32342003 PMCID: PMC7181318 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption to the surface of a nanoparticle can fundamentally alter the character, behavior, and fate of a nanoparticle in vivo. Current methods to capture the protein corona rely on physical separation techniques and are unable to resolve key, individual protein-nanoparticle interactions. As a result, the precise link between the "synthetic" and the "biological" identity of a nanoparticle remains unclear. Herein, we report an unbiased photoaffinity-based approach to capture, characterize, and quantify the protein corona of liposomes in their native state. Compared to conventional methods, our photoaffinity approach reveals markedly different interacting proteins as well as reduced total protein binding to liposome surfaces. Identified proteins do not follow protein abundancy patterns of human serum, as has been generally reported, but are instead dominated by soluble apolipoproteins-endogenous serum proteins that have evolved to recognize the lipidic surface of circulating lipoproteins. We believe our findings are the most accurate characterization of a liposome's biological identity but, more fundamentally, reveal liposome-protein binding is, in many cases, significantly less complex than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Pattipeiluhu
- Supramolecular
and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Crielaard
- Supramolecular
and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Klein-Schiphorst
- Supramolecular
and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan I. Florea
- Bio-organic
Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Supramolecular
and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- (A.K.)
| | - Frederick Campbell
- Supramolecular
and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- (F.C.)
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50
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Unveiling the pitfalls of the protein corona of polymeric drug nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:730-750. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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