1
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Hossain MM, Shaikh AC, Kaur R, Gianetti TL. Red Light-Blue Light Chromoselective C(sp 2)-X Bond Activation by Organic Helicenium-Based Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7922-7930. [PMID: 38498938 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Chromoselective bond activation has been achieved in organic helicenium (nPr-DMQA+)-based photoredox catalysis. Consequently, control over chromoselective C(sp2)-X bond activation in multihalogenated aromatics has been demonstrated. nPr-DMQA+ can only initiate the halogen atom transfer (XAT) pathway under red light irradiation to activate low-energy-accessible C(sp2)-I bonds. In contrast, blue light irradiation initiates consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (conPET) to activate more challenging C(sp2)-Br bonds. Comparative reaction outcomes have been demonstrated in the α-arylation of cyclic ketones with red and blue lights. Furthermore, red-light-mediated selective C(sp2)-I bonds have been activated in iodobromoarenes to keep the bromo functional handle untouched. Finally, the strength of the chromoselective catalysis has been highlighted with two-fold functionalization using both photo-to-transition metal and photo-to-photocatalyzed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mubarak Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Aslam C Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Thomas L Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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2
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Chai Z. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Strategies for C(sp 3 )-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316444. [PMID: 38225893 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Activation of ubiquitous C(sp3 )-H bonds is extremely attractive but remains a great challenge. Heterogeneous photocatalysis offers a promising and sustainable approach for C(sp3 )-H activation and has been fast developing in the past decade. This Minireview focuses on mechanism and strategies for heterogeneous photocatalytic C(sp3 )-H activation. After introducing mechanistic insights, heterogeneous photocatalytic strategies for C(sp3 )-H activation including precise design of active sites, regulation of reactive radical species, improving charge separation and reactor innovations are discussed. In addition, recent advances in C(sp3 )-H activation of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, amines and amides by heterogeneous photocatalysis are summarized. Lastly, challenges and opportunities are outlined to encourage more efforts for the development of this exciting and promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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3
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Bo C, Li M, Chen F, Liu J, Dai B, Liu N. Visible-Light-Initiated Air-Oxygenation of Alkylarenes to Carbonyls Mediated by Carbon Tetrabromide in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301015. [PMID: 37661194 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing benzyl skeleton derivatives via direct oxidation of functionalized benzylic C-H bonds has received extensive research attention. Herein, a method was developed to prepare carbonyl compounds via photoinduced aerobic oxidation of ubiquitous benzylic C-H bonds mediated by bromine radicals and tribromomethane radicals. This method employed commercially available CBr4 as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent precursor, air as an oxidant, water as a reaction solvent, and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAPC) as an additive under mild conditions. A series of substrates bearing different functional groups was converted to aromatic carbonyls in moderate to good yields. Moreover, a low environmental factor (E-factor value=0.45) showed that the proposed method is ecofriendly and environmentally sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Jichang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
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4
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De Santis P, Wegstein D, Burek BO, Patzsch J, Alcalde M, Kroutil W, Bloh JZ, Kara S. Robust Light Driven Enzymatic Oxyfunctionalization via Immobilization of Unspecific Peroxygenase. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300613. [PMID: 37357147 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Unspecific peroxygenases have attracted interest in synthetic chemistry, especially for the oxidative activation of C-H bonds, as they only require hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) instead of a cofactor. Due to their instability in even small amounts of H2 O2 , different strategies like enzyme immobilization or in situ H2 O2 production have been developed to improve the stability of these enzymes. While most strategies have been studied separately, a combination of photocatalysis with immobilized enzymes was only recently reported. To show the advantages and limiting factors of immobilized enzyme in a photobiocatalytic reaction, a comparison is made between free and immobilized enzymes. Adjustment of critical parameters such as (i) enzyme and substrate concentration, (ii) illumination wavelength and (iii) light intensity results in significantly increased enzyme stabilities of the immobilized variant. Moreover, under optimized conditions a turnover number of 334,500 was reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera De Santis
- Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Deborah Wegstein
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am, Main, Germany
| | - Bastien O Burek
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am, Main, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Patzsch
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am, Main, Germany
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis ICP CSIC, C/ Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Field of Excellence BioHealt, BioTechMed, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jonathan Z Bloh
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am, Main, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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5
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Liu Y, Zhu L, Li X, Cui Y, Roosta A, Feng J, Chen X, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D. Photoredox/Enzymatic Catalysis Enabling Redox-Neutral Decarboxylative Asymmetric C-C Coupling for Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral 1,2-Amino Alcohols. JACS AU 2023; 3:3005-3013. [PMID: 38034963 PMCID: PMC10685423 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis offers tremendous opportunities for enzymes to access new functions. Herein, we described a redox-neutral photocatalysis/enzymatic catalysis system for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral 1,2-amino alcohols via decarboxylative radical C-C coupling of N-arylglycines and aldehydes by combining an organic photocatalyst, eosin Y, and carbonyl reductase RasADH. Notably, this protocol avoids using any sacrificial reductants. A possible reaction mechanism proposed is that the transformation proceeds through sequential photoinduced decarboxylative radical addition to an aldehyde and a photoenzymatic deracemization pathway. This redox-neutral photoredox/enzymatic strategy is promising not only for effective synthesis of a series of chiral amino alcohols in a green and sustainable manner but also for the design of other novel C-C radical coupling transformations for the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Liu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Liangyan Zhu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Atefeh Roosta
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
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6
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Swoboda A, Pfeifenberger LJ, Duhović Z, Bürgler M, Oroz-Guinea I, Bangert K, Weißensteiner F, Parigger L, Ebner K, Glieder A, Kroutil W. Enantioselective High-Throughput Assay Showcased for the Identification of (R)- as well as (S)-Selective Unspecific Peroxygenases for C-H Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312721. [PMID: 37743348 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Identifying (bio)catalysts displaying high enantio-/stereoselectivity is a fundamental prerequisite for the advancement of asymmetric catalysis. Herein, a high-throughput, stereoselective screening assay is reported that gives information on enantioselectivity, stereopreference and activity as showcased for peroxygenase-catalyzed hydroxylation. The assay is based on spectrophotometric analysis of the simultaneous formation of NAD(P)H from the alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzed enantioselective oxidation of the sec-alcohol product formed in the peroxygenase reaction. The assay was applied to investigate a library comprising 44 unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) containing 25 UPOs not reported yet. Thereby, previously non-described wild-type UPOs displaying (S)- as well as (R)-stereoselectivity for the hydroxylation of representative model substrates were identified, reaching up to 98 % ee for the (R)- and 94 % ee for the (S)-enantiomer. Homology models with concomitant docking studies indicated the structural reason for the observed complementary stereopreference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Swoboda
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Johannes Pfeifenberger
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Bisy GmbH, Wünschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstätten an der Raab, Austria
| | - Zerina Duhović
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Moritz Bürgler
- Bisy GmbH, Wünschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstätten an der Raab, Austria
| | - Isabel Oroz-Guinea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Klara Bangert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Lena Parigger
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Bisy GmbH, Wünschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstätten an der Raab, Austria
| | - Katharina Ebner
- Bisy GmbH, Wünschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstätten an der Raab, Austria
| | - Anton Glieder
- Bisy GmbH, Wünschendorf 292, 8200, Hofstätten an der Raab, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
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7
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Jia F, Liu Y, Deng X, Cao X, Zheng X, Zhou L, Gao J, Jiang Y. Immobilization of Enzymes on Cyclodextrin-Anchored Dehiscent Mesoporous TiO 2 for Efficient Photoenzymatic Hydroxylation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7928-7938. [PMID: 36731117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A three-in-one heterogeneous catalyst (UPO@dTiO2-CD) was fabricated by grafting cyclodextrins (CDs) on the dehiscent TiO2 (dTiO2) surface and subsequently immobilizing unspecific peroxygenase (rAaeUPO), which exhibited double enhanced electron/mass transfer in photo-enzymatic enantioselective hydroxylation of the C-H bond. The tunable anatase/rutile phase ratio and dehiscent mesoporous architectures of dTiO2 and the electron donor feature and hydrophobic inner cavity of the CDs are independently responsible for accelerating both electron and mass transfer. The coordination of the photocatalytic and enzymatic steps was achieved by structural and compositional regulation. The optimized UPO@dTiO2-CD not only displayed high catalytic efficiency (turnover number and turnover frequency of rAaeUPO up to >65,000 and 91 min-1, respectively) but also exhibited high stability and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Yunting Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Xuewu Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Xue Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Xiaobing Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Liya Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
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8
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Lu GH, Zong MH, Li N. Combining Electro-, Photo-, and Biocatalysis for One-Pot Selective Conversion of Furfural into Value-Added C4 Chemicals. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Lu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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9
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Barone GD, Hubáček M, Malihan-Yap L, Grimm HC, Nikkanen L, Pacheco CC, Tamagnini P, Allahverdiyeva Y, Kourist R. Towards the rate limit of heterologous biotechnological reactions in recombinant cyanobacteria. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:4. [PMID: 36609316 PMCID: PMC9825001 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacteria have emerged as highly efficient organisms for the production of chemicals and biofuels. Yet, the productivity of the cell has been low for commercial application. Cyanobacterial photobiotransformations utilize photosynthetic electrons to form reducing equivalents, such as NADPH-to-fuel biocatalytic reactions. These photobiotransformations are a measure to which extent photosynthetic electrons can be deviated toward heterologous biotechnological processes, such as the production of biofuels. By expressing oxidoreductases, such as YqjM from Bacillus subtilis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a high specific activity was obtained in the reduction of maleimides. Here, we investigated the possibility to accelerate the NAD(P)H-consuming redox reactions by addition of carbohydrates as exogenous carbon sources such as D-Glucose under light and darkness. RESULTS A 1.7-fold increase of activity (150 µmol min-1 gDCW-1) was observed upon addition of D-Glucose at an OD750 = 2.5 (DCW = 0.6 g L-1) in the biotransformation of 2-methylmaleimide. The stimulating effect of D-Glucose was also observed at higher cell densities in light and dark conditions as well as in the reduction of other substrates. No increase in both effective photosynthetic yields of Photosystem II and Photosystem I was found upon D-Glucose addition. However, we observed higher NAD(P)H fluorescence when D-Glucose was supplemented, suggesting increased glycolytic activity. Moreover, the system was scaled-up (working volume of 200 mL) in an internally illuminated Bubble Column Reactor exhibiting a 2.4-fold increase of specific activity under light-limited conditions. CONCLUSIONS Results show that under photoautotrophic conditions at a specific activity of 90 µmol min-1 gDCW-1, the ene-reductase YqjM in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is not NAD(P)H saturated, which is an indicator that an increase of the rates of heterologous electron consuming processes for catalysis and biofuel production will require funnelling further reducing power from the photosynthetic chain toward heterologous processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Davide Barone
- grid.410413.30000 0001 2294 748XBiocatalysis and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Michal Hubáček
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Lenny Malihan-Yap
- grid.410413.30000 0001 2294 748XBiocatalysis and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hanna C. Grimm
- grid.410413.30000 0001 2294 748XBiocatalysis and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lauri Nikkanen
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Catarina C. Pacheco
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Tamagnini
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Robert Kourist
- grid.410413.30000 0001 2294 748XBiocatalysis and Protein Engineering, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
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10
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Wang J, Peng Y, Xu J, Wu Q. Deracemization of racemic alcohols combining photooxidation and biocatalytic reduction. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7765-7769. [PMID: 36165209 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01386j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We described a cascade reaction for deracemization of racemic alcohols combining photooxidation and enzymatic reduction under mild conditions without the isolation of intermediate ketones. Using different ketoreductases, a variety of racemic alcohols can be successfully converted into (R)- or (S)-enantiomers in high yields (up to 95%) and stereoselectivity (up to 99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Lanxi 321100, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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11
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Connell TU. The forgotten reagent of photoredox catalysis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13176-13188. [PMID: 35997070 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01491b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible light powers an ever-expanding suite of reactions to both make and break chemical bonds under otherwise mild conditions. As a reagent in photochemical synthesis, light is obviously critical for reactivity but rarely optimized other than in light/dark controls. This Frontier Article presents an overview of recent research that investigates the unique ways light may be manipulated, and its unusual interactions with homogeneous transition metal and organic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy U Connell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
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12
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Gerken VC, Carreira EM. Carbon Nitride Photoredox Catalysis Enables the Generation of the Dioxolanyl Radical for Conjugate Addition Reactions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria C. Gerken
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Masson TM, Zondag SDA, Debije MG, Noël T. Rapid and Replaceable Luminescent Coating for Silicon-Based Microreactors Enabling Energy-Efficient Solar Photochemistry. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:10712-10717. [PMID: 35991758 PMCID: PMC9382670 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sun is the most sustainable source of photons on the earth but is rarely used in photochemical transformations due its relatively low and variable intensity, broad wavelength range, and lack of focus. Luminescent solar concentrator-based photomicroreactors (LSC-PMs) can be an answer to all these issues, but widespread adoption is plagued by challenges associated with their complicated manufacturing. Herein, we developed a new strategy to accelerate and ease the production of LSC-PMs by depositing a thin luminescent film on commercially and widely available silicon-based microreactors. The protocol is fast and operationally simple, and the luminescent coating can be easily removed and replaced. This enables rapid tuning of the luminescent coating to fit the requirements of the photocatalytic system and to increase the photon flux inside the microreactor channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom M. Masson
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D. A. Zondag
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Stimuli-Responsive Functional
Materials & Devices, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Groene Loper 3, Bldg 14-Helix, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Sang X, Tong F, Zeng Z, Wu M, Yuan B, Sun Z, Sheng X, Qu G, Alcalde M, Hollmann F, Zhang W. A Biocatalytic Platform for the Synthesis of Enantiopure Propargylic Alcohols and Amines. Org Lett 2022; 24:4252-4257. [PMID: 35670732 PMCID: PMC9208015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Propargylic alcohols
and amines are versatile building blocks in
organic synthesis. We demonstrate a straightforward enzymatic cascade
to synthesize enantiomerically pure propargylic alcohols and amines
from readily available racemic starting materials. In the first step,
the peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita converted
the racemic propargylic alcohols into the corresponding ketones, which
then were converted into the enantiomerically pure alcohols using
the (R)-selective alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir or the (S)-selective
alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermoanaerobacter brokii. Moreover, an enzymatic Mitsunobu-type conversion of the racemic
alcohols into enantiomerically enriched propargylic amines using (R)-selective amine transaminase from Aspergillus
terreus or (S)-selective amine transaminase
from Chromobacterium violaceum was established. The
one-pot two-step cascade reaction yielded a broad range of enantioenriched
alcohol and amine products in 70–99% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianke Sang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Feifei Tong
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhigang Zeng
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China
| | - Minghu Wu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xiang Sheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
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15
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Red edge effect and chromoselective photocatalysis with amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2171. [PMID: 35449208 PMCID: PMC9023581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromoselective photocatalysis offers an intriguing opportunity to enable a specific reaction pathway out of a potentially possible multiplicity for a given substrate by using a sensitizer that converts the energy of incident photon into the redox potential of the corresponding magnitude. Several sensitizers possessing different discrete redox potentials (high/low) upon excitation with photons of specific wavelength (short/long) have been reported. Herein, we report design of molecular structures of two-dimensional amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) possessing intraband states close to the valence band with strong red edge effect (REE). REE enables generation of a continuum of excited sites characterized by their own redox potentials, with the magnitude proportional to the wavelength of incident photons. Separation of charge carriers in such materials depends strongly on the wavelength of incident light and is the primary parameter that defines efficacy of the materials in photocatalytic bromination of electron rich aromatic compounds. In dual Ni-photocatalysis, excitation of electrons from the intraband states to the conduction band of the CTF with 625 nm photons enables selective formation of C‒N cross-coupling products from arylhalides and pyrrolidine, while an undesirable dehalogenation process is completely suppressed.
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16
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Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, List A, Winkler CK, Glueck SM, Kroutil W. Synthesis of Enantiopure Sulfoxides by Concurrent Photocatalytic Oxidation and Biocatalytic Reduction. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202117103. [PMID: 38505243 PMCID: PMC10946591 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The concurrent operation of chemical and biocatalytic reactions in one pot is still a challenging task, and, in particular for chemical photocatalysts, examples besides simple cofactor recycling systems are rare. However, especially due to the complementary chemistry that the two fields of catalysis promote, their combination in one pot has the potential to unlock intriguing, unprecedented overall reactivities. Herein we demonstrate a concurrent biocatalytic reduction and photocatalytic oxidation process. Specifically, the enantioselective biocatalytic sulfoxide reduction using (S)-selective methionine sulfoxide reductases was coupled to an unselective light-dependent sulfoxidation. Protochlorophyllide was established as a new green photocatalyst for the sulfoxidation. Overall, a cyclic deracemization process to produce nonracemic sulfoxides was achieved and the target compounds were obtained with excellent conversions (up to 91 %) and superb optical purity (>99 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Alexander List
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Christoph K. Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Silvia M. Glueck
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazNAWI GrazBioTechMed GrazField of Excellence BioHealthHeinrichstraße 288010GrazAustria
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17
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Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, List A, Winkler CK, Glueck SM, Kroutil W. Synthesis of Enantiopure Sulfoxides by Concurrent Photocatalytic Oxidation and Biocatalytic Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117103. [PMID: 35188997 PMCID: PMC9310851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The concurrent operation of chemical and biocatalytic reactions in one pot is still a challenging task, and, in particular for chemical photocatalysts, examples besides simple cofactor recycling systems are rare. However, especially due to the complementary chemistry that the two fields of catalysis promote, their combination in one pot has the potential to unlock intriguing, unprecedented overall reactivities. Herein we demonstrate a concurrent biocatalytic reduction and photocatalytic oxidation process. Specifically, the enantioselective biocatalytic sulfoxide reduction using (S)‐selective methionine sulfoxide reductases was coupled to an unselective light‐dependent sulfoxidation. Protochlorophyllide was established as a new green photocatalyst for the sulfoxidation. Overall, a cyclic deracemization process to produce nonracemic sulfoxides was achieved and the target compounds were obtained with excellent conversions (up to 91 %) and superb optical purity (>99 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander List
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph K Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia M Glueck
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
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18
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Markushyna Y, Savateev A. Light as a tool in organic photocatalysis: multi‐photon excitation and chromoselective reactions. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Markushyna
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung Department of Colloid Chemistry Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam GERMANY
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung Department of Colloid Chemistry GERMANY
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19
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Pratley C, Fenner S, Murphy JA. Nitrogen-Centered Radicals in Functionalization of sp 2 Systems: Generation, Reactivity, and Applications in Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8181-8260. [PMID: 35285636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs) has plentiful applications in organic synthesis, and they continue to expand as our understanding of these reactive species increases. The utility of these reactive intermediates is demonstrated in the recent advances in C-H amination and the (di)amination of alkenes. Synthesis of previously challenging structures can be achieved by efficient functionalization of sp2 moieties without prefunctionalization, allowing for faster and more streamlined synthesis. This Review addresses the generation, reactivity, and application of NCRs, including, but not limited to, iminyl, aminyl, amidyl, and aminium species. Contributions from early discovery up to the most recent examples have been highlighted, covering radical initiation, thermolysis, photolysis, and, more recently, photoredox catalysis. Radical-mediated intermolecular amination of (hetero)arenes can occur with a variety of complex amine precursors, generating aniline derivatives, an important class of structures for drug discovery and development. Functionalization of olefins is achievable in high anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity and allows access to difunctionalized structures when the intermediate carbon radicals are trapped. Additionally, the reactivity of NCRs can be harnessed for the rapid construction of N-heterocycles such as pyrrolidines, phenanthridines, quinoxalines, and quinazolinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie Pratley
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom.,GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Fenner
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
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20
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Xu X, Brasselet H, Jongkind E, Alcalde M, Paul C, Hollmann F. A peroxygenase-alcohol dehydrogenase cascade reaction to transform ethylbenzene derivatives into enantioenriched phenylethanols. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200017. [PMID: 35023279 PMCID: PMC9306878 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a new bienzymatic reaction to produce enantioenriched phenylethanols. In a first step, the recombinant, unspecific peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita (rAaeUPO) was used to oxidise ethylbenzene and its derivatives to the corresponding ketones (prochiral intermediates) followed by enantioselective reduction into the desired (R)‐ or (S)‐phenylethanols using the (R)‐selective alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) from Lactobacillus kefir (LkADH) or the (S)‐selective ADH from Rhodococcus ruber (ADH‐A). In a one‐pot two‐step cascade, 11 ethylbenzene derivatives were converted into the corresponding chiral alcohols at acceptable yields and often excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xu
- Delft University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Delft, Department of Biotechnology, NETHERLANDS
| | - Hugo Brasselet
- Delft University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Delft, Department of Biotechnology, NETHERLANDS
| | - Ewald Jongkind
- Delft University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Delft, Department of Biotechnology, NETHERLANDS
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- CSIC: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Institute of Catalysis, SPAIN
| | - Caroline Paul
- Delft University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Delft, Department of Biotechnology, NETHERLANDS
| | - Frank Hollmann
- TU Delft, Biotechnology, Julianalaan 136, 2628BL, Delft, NETHERLANDS
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21
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Bergamaschi E, Lunic D, McLean LA, Hohenadel M, Chen Y, Teskey CJ. Controlling Chemoselectivity of Catalytic Hydroboration with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bergamaschi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Danijela Lunic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Liam A. McLean
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Melissa Hohenadel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yi‐Kai Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Christopher J. Teskey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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22
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Wan NW, Cui HB, Zhao L, Shan J, Chen K, Wang ZQ, Zhou XJ, Cui BD, Han WY, Chen YZ. Directed evolution of cytochrome P450DA hydroxylase activity for stereoselective biohydroxylation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A colorimetric high throughput screening method was developed based on a dual-enzyme cascade and used for the directed evolution of cytochrome P450 hydroxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Hai-Bo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
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23
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Wang YH, Yang Q, Walsh PJ, Schelter EJ. Light-mediated aerobic oxidation of C(sp 3)–H bonds by a Ce( iv) hexachloride complex. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00362g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A photochemical C(sp3)–H oxygenation of arene and alkane substrates (including methane) catalyzed by [NEt4]2[CeIVCl6] under mild conditions (1 atm, 25 °C) is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Wang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Qiaomu Yang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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24
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Bergamaschi E, Lunic D, McLean L, Hohenadel M, Chen YK, Teskey C. Controlling Chemoselectivity of Catalytic Hydroboration with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114482. [PMID: 34905284 PMCID: PMC9305532 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to selectively react one functional group in the presence of another underpins efficient reaction sequences. Despite many designer catalytic systems being reported for hydroboration reactions, which allow introduction of a functional handle for cross‐coupling or act as mild method for reducing polar functionality, these platforms rarely deal with more complex systems where multiple potentially reactive sites exist. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to use light to distinguish between ketones and carboxylic acids in more complex molecules. By taking advantage of different activation modes, a single catalytic system can be used for hydroboration, with the chemoselectivity dictated only by the presence or absence of visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bergamaschi
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Danijela Lunic
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Liam McLean
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Melissa Hohenadel
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Yi-Kai Chen
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Christopher Teskey
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, GERMANY
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25
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Candish L, Collins KD, Cook GC, Douglas JJ, Gómez-Suárez A, Jolit A, Keess S. Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2907-2980. [PMID: 34558888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in the life science industry require access to mild and robust synthetic methodologies to systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel chemical space, and enable efficient synthesis. In this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for the synthesis of complex and often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims to summarize the published contributions to the field from the life science industry, including research from industrial-academic partnerships. An overview of the synthetic methodologies developed and strategic applications in chemical synthesis, including peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, and both DNA-encoded and traditional library synthesis, is provided, along with a summary of the state-of-the-art in photoreactor technology and the effective upscaling of photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Candish
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl D Collins
- Bayer Foundation, Public Affairs, Science and Sustainability, Bayer AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anais Jolit
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Markushyna Y, Schüßlbauer CM, Ullrich T, Guldi DM, Antonietti M, Savateev A. Chromoselective Synthesis of Sulfonyl Chlorides and Sulfonamides with Potassium Poly(heptazine imide) Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20543-20550. [PMID: 34223699 PMCID: PMC8457082 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among external stimuli used to promote a chemical reaction, photocatalysis possesses a unique one-light. Photons are traceless reagents that provide an exclusive opportunity to alter chemoselectivity of the photocatalytic reaction varying the color of incident light. This strategy may be implemented by using a sensitizer capable to activate a specific reaction pathway depending on the excitation light. Herein, we use potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI), a type of carbon nitride, to generate selectively three different products from S-arylthioacetates simply varying the excitation light and otherwise identical conditions. Namely, arylchlorides are produced under UV/purple, sulfonyl chlorides with blue/white, and diaryldisulfides at green to red light. A combination of the negatively charged polyanion, highly positive potential of the valence band, presence of intraband states, ability to sensitize singlet oxygen, and multi-electron transfer is shown to enable this chromoselective conversion of thioacetates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Markushyna
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Christoph M. Schüßlbauer
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials(ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Tobias Ullrich
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials(ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials(ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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Markushyna Y, Schüßlbauer CM, Ullrich T, Guldi DM, Antonietti M, Savateev A. Chromoselektive Synthese von Sulfonylchloriden und Sulfonamiden mit Kalium‐Poly(heptazinimid)‐Photokatalysator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Markushyna
- Abteilung für Kolloidchemie Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Deutschland
| | - Christoph M. Schüßlbauer
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien(ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Tobias Ullrich
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien(ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien(ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Abteilung für Kolloidchemie Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Deutschland
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Abteilung für Kolloidchemie Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Deutschland
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Li Y, Yuan B, Sun Z, Zhang W. C–H bond functionalization reactions enabled by photobiocatalytic cascades. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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29
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Winkler CK, Simić S, Jurkaš V, Bierbaumer S, Schmermund L, Poschenrieder S, Berger SA, Kulterer E, Kourist R, Kroutil W. Accelerated Reaction Engineering of Photo(bio)catalytic Reactions through Parallelization with an Open‐Source Photoreactor. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph K. Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Stefan Simić
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Valentina Jurkaš
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Silvan Poschenrieder
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sarah A. Berger
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Elisa Kulterer
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology NAWI Graz Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz University of Graz Heinrichstraße 28 8010 Graz Austria
- BioTechMed Graz 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth University of Graz 8010 Graz Austria
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30
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Schmermund L, Reischauer S, Bierbaumer S, Winkler CK, Diaz‐Rodriguez A, Edwards LJ, Kara S, Mielke T, Cartwright J, Grogan G, Pieber B, Kroutil W. Chromoselective Photocatalysis Enables Stereocomplementary Biocatalytic Pathways*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6965-6969. [PMID: 33529432 PMCID: PMC8048449 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the selectivity of a chemical reaction with external stimuli is common in thermal processes, but rare in visible-light photocatalysis. Here we show that the redox potential of a carbon nitride photocatalyst (CN-OA-m) can be tuned by changing the irradiation wavelength to generate electron holes with different oxidation potentials. This tuning was the key to realizing photo-chemo-enzymatic cascades that give either the (S)- or the (R)-enantiomer of phenylethanol. In combination with an unspecific peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita, green light irradiation of CN-OA-m led to the enantioselective hydroxylation of ethylbenzene to (R)-1-phenylethanol (99 % ee). In contrast, blue light irradiation triggered the photocatalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone, which in turn was enantioselectively reduced with an alcohol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus ruber to form (S)-1-phenylethanol (93 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Schmermund
- Institute of ChemistryDepartment of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Sarah Bierbaumer
- Institute of ChemistryDepartment of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Christoph K. Winkler
- Institute of ChemistryDepartment of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Alba Diaz‐Rodriguez
- Chemical Development, Medicinal Science and Technology, Pharma R&DGlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | - Lee J. Edwards
- Chemical Development, Medicinal Science and Technology, Pharma R&DGlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | - Selin Kara
- Department of Engineering, Biological and Chemical EngineeringBiocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 108000AarhusDenmark
| | - Tamara Mielke
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Jared Cartwright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of ChemistryDepartment of Organic and Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz8010GrazAustria
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Abstract
Visible light photocatalysis has become a powerful tool in organic synthesis that uses photons as traceless, sustainable reagents. Most of the activities in the field focus on the development of new reactions via common photoredox cycles, but recently a number of exciting new concepts and strategies entered less charted territories. We survey approaches that enable the use of longer wavelengths and show that the wavelength and intensity of photons are import parameters that enable tuning of the reactivity of a photocatalyst to control or change the selectivity of chemical reactions. In addition, we discuss recent efforts to substitute strong reductants, such as elemental lithium and sodium, by light and technological advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimalle 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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