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Al-Senani GM, Al-Qahtani SD. Development of smart adhesive using lanthanide-doped phosphor and carboxymethyl cellulose-reinforced gum Arabic. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124397. [PMID: 38718744 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Smart polymer glue with photoluminescence and water-repellent properties was developed. The luminescent adhesive continues emitting light for up to 120 min after turning the excitation source off. Nanoparticles of lanthanide strontium aluminum oxide (LSAO) (8-13 nm) were consistently immobilized into carboxymethyl cellulose-reinforced gum Arabic (CMC/GA) adhesive. Using various concentrations of LSAO, the generated adhesives showed emission intensity at 519 nm and an excitation band at 365 nm. Depending on LSAO content, both of afterglow and fluorescence emission were monitored. Photochromism was detected as the transparent adhesive film changes color to green under ultraviolet irradiation. A greenish-yellow lightening in a darkened place was also observed. The nanocomposite resistance to scratches and hydrophobicity were found to enhance as the LSAO content was increased in the carboxymethyl cellulose-reinforced gum Arabic matrix. The LSAO@CMC/GA nanocomposite showed high durability and photostability. The present strategy proved the viability of a potential mass production toward photoluminescent adhesives for various smart applications, such as smart packaging, anti-counterfeiting printing, smart windows, and safety signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadah M Al-Senani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salhah D Al-Qahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Qahtani SD, Al-Senani GM. Development of gum Arabic/chitosan-infiltrated photoluminescent wooden smart window with multifunctional properties. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122263. [PMID: 38823927 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Photochromic wood materials are very important and appealing for smart windows. Herein, we describe the development of transparent photochromic wood that can change its color under ultraviolet and visible lights. Photoluminescent transparent wood was prepared by delignification of wood followed by infiltration with a combination of gum Arabic/chitosan/acrylic acid (ACA), lanthanide-activated aluminum strontium oxide (LASO) as a photoluminescent, and Genipin as a cross-linking agent. The produced mixture was then infused into the lignin-modified wood substrate. In order to develop a luminescent colorless wood, the LASO phosphor must be well-distributed in the ACA solution without aggregation. According to the colorimetric parameters and photoluminescence spectra, this optically active wooden window switched color from transparent in daylight to green when UV-irradiated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to examine the morphological features of phosphor nanoparticles. The morphological features of the developed smart wooden window were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), and energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The mechanical performance was explored by investigating both hardness and resistance to scratches. The luminescent woods displayed an emission band at 518 nm when excited at 365 nm. The superhydrophobic performance and ultraviolet shielding of woods were improved upon increasing the phosphor content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salhah D Al-Qahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadah M Al-Senani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Qahtani SD, Al-Senani GM. Immobilization of rare-earth doped aluminate nanoparticles encapsulated with silica into polylactic acid-based color-tunable smart plastic window. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130766. [PMID: 38462101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
An inorganic/organic nanocomposite was used to develop an afterglow and color-tunable smart window. A combination of polylactic acid (PLA) plastic waste as an environmentally-friendly hosting agent, and lanthanide-activated strontium aluminum oxide nanoparticles (SAON) encapsulated with silica nanoparticles (SAON@Silica) as a photoluminescent efficient agent resulted in a smart organic/inorganic nanocomposite. In order to prepare SAON-encapsulated silica nanoparticles (SAON@Silica), the SAON nanoparticles were coated with silica using the heterogeneous precipitation method. By using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SAON showed a diameter range of 5-12 nm, while the SAON@Silica nanoparticles showed a diameter range of 50-100 nm. In order to ensure the development of a colorless plastic film, a homogeneous dispersion of the phosphorescent Phosphor@Silica nanoparticles throughout the plastic bulk was confirmed. CIE Lab coordinates and luminescence spectra were used to study the color shift characteristics. Under visible light conditions, the plastic films were transparent. The photoluminescent films emitted green light at 525 nm when excited at 375 nm. The hydrophobicity and ultraviolet protection were enhanced without altering the fundamental physico-mechanical performance of the plastic sheet. The current color-tunable plastic can be used in many potential applications, such as warning signs, anti-counterfeiting barcodes, smart windows, and protective apparel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salhah D Al-Qahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadah M Al-Senani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
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Hameed YAS, Alamrani NA, Sallam S, Ibarhiam SF, Almahri A, Alorabi AQ, El-Metwaly NM. Development of photoluminescent viscose fibers integrated with polymer containing lanthanide-doped phosphor. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:591-601. [PMID: 38009361 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Smart clothing refers to textiles that can sense an external stimulus by changing their physical properties such as colorimetric and fluorescent fabrics. The pad-dry-curing coloration approach was used to apply a luminous and hydrophobic composite coating onto cellulose-based materials. This novel method includes incorporating phosphor nanoparticles made from lanthanide-doped strontium aluminum oxide (LSAO) into room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber (RTV). The LSAO nano-sized particles (3-8 nm) must be mixed evenly throughout RTV without aggregation to allow for the formation of a colorless layer onto viscose surface. Pad-dry-curing the film onto viscose cloth worked well at room temperature. The contact angles of the luminous fibers enhanced from 138.6° to 158.2° as the LSAO ratio increased. The antimicrobial and ultraviolet (UV) protection of the LSAO-finished viscose were investigated. The transparent fluorescent film on viscose surface was excited at 367 nm to display an emission peak at 518 nm. According to CIE Lab coordinates and luminescence analyses, the fluorescent viscose fibers showed various colors, including white under visible light, intense green beneath UV device, and greenish-yellow under darkness. The comfort properties of the LSAO-finished viscose were assessed by measuring their bend length and permeability to air. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of LSAO nanoparticles was explored. Energy dispersive x-ray, x-ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to describe the spectroscopic outcomes of the treated textiles. The colorfastness of the LSAO-finished viscose fabrics was examined. The coated fabrics exhibited a non-fatigable reversible luminous photochromism in response to UV illumination. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Multifunctional LSAO@RTV nanocomposite was pad-dry-cured onto viscose textile. Photochromism to green under UV light and greenish-yellow in the dark was detected. Efficient antimicrobial, UV protective, and superhydrophobic activity were observed. The antimicrobial properties were maintained for 24 washing cycles. Pad-dry-cured viscose showed good comfortability and photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen A S Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A Alamrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Sallam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saham F Ibarhiam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albandary Almahri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Q Alorabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa M El-Metwaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Al Nami SY, Hossan A. Facile preparation of smart nanocomposite adhesive with superhydrophobicity and photoluminescence. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123236. [PMID: 37562211 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Smart photoluminescent nanocomposite adhesive was developed toward simple commercial manufacturing of long-persistent luminescent and hydrophobic applications. The prepared photoluminescent glue was able to continue emitting light after turning the illumination source off even after being in the dark for up to 1.5 h. Lanthanide-doped strontium aluminum oxide (LSAO) nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in liquid silicone rubber (SR) was prepared to function as nanocomposite glue for various surfaces. Using nano-scaled particles, LSAO was uniformly disseminated without agglomeration in the silicone rubber matrix, enabling the produced nanocomposite glue to transmit light. For the applied glues, there is an excitation peak determined at 365 nm, and an emission peak determined at 518 nm. Depending on the LSAO ratio, the photoluminescence spectra displayed either afterglow phosphorescence or fluorescence. Photochromism was monitored from transparent to greenish under UV irradiation and greenish-yellow in darkness. The glued samples benefit from enhanced superhydrophobicity and scratch resistance due to LSAO NPs embedded in the silicone rubber matrix. The glueed LSAO@SR nanocomposite showed high durability and resistance to light damages. This research established the feasibility of mass-producing smart glue for various uses such as building safety directed signs and smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Y Al Nami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Hossan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
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Alrefaee SH, Alnoman RB, Alenazi NA, Alharbi H, Alkhamis K, Alsharief HH, El-Metwaly NM. Electrospun glass nanofibers to strengthen polycarbonate plastic glass toward photoluminescent smart materials. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:122986. [PMID: 37336189 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun glass nanofibers (GNFs) were used to strengthen polycarbonate (PC) to create long-persistent photoluminescent and fluorescent smart materials such as afterglow concrete and smart window. Physical integration of lanthanide-activated aluminate (LA) nanoparticles (NPs) yielded transparent GNFs@PC smart sheets. Spectral investigations utilizing photoluminescence and CIE Lab parameters were performed to confirm that the translucent appearance of GNFs@PC changed to green when exposed to UV light. This fluorescence activity was quickly reversible for the GNFs@PC hybrids with low concentrations of LANPs, which indicate fluorescence emission. Higher phosphor concentrations in GNFs@PC led to longer-lasting afterglow photoluminescence and slower reversibility. The GNFs@PC hybrids showed an emission band detected at 518 nm upon excitation at 368 nm. The morphological characteristics of LANPs and GNFs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed sizes of 11-26 nm and 250-300 nm, respectively. GNFs were prepared using electrospinning technology and then used as a roughening agent into PC sheets. Morphological characteristics of GNFs and GNFs@PC smart sheets were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The GNFs@PC smart sheets were shown to have enhanced scratch resistance in comparison to LANPs-free PC control sample. Increases in LANPs concentration enhanced both hydrophobicity and UV protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salhah H Alrefaee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 30799, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rua B Alnoman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taibah University, Madinah P.O. Box 344, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noof A Alenazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haifa Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholood Alkhamis
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tabuk, 71474 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatun H Alsharief
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa M El-Metwaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Cui Y, Chen Z, Liu Y, Li J, Long Y, Gao Y. Thermochromic Energy Efficient Windows: Fundamentals, Recent Advances, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37053573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermochromic energy efficient windows represent an important protocol technology for advanced architectural windows with energy-saving capabilities through the intelligent regulation of indoor solar irradiation and the modulation of window optical properties in response to real-time temperature stimuli. In this review, recent progress in some promising thermochromic systems is summarized from the aspects of structures, the micro-/mesoscale regulation of thermochromic properties, and integration with other emerging energy techniques. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities in thermochromic energy-efficient windows are outlined to promote future scientific investigations and practical applications in building energy conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liangmiao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yinping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai 200444, China
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Abdu MT, Khattab TA, Abdelrahman MS. Development of Photoluminescent and Photochromic Polyester Nanocomposite Reinforced with Electrospun Glass Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030761. [PMID: 36772063 PMCID: PMC9922016 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A polyester resin was strengthened with electrospun glass nanofibers to create long-lasting photochromic and photoluminescent products, such as smart windows and concrete, as well as anti-counterfeiting patterns. A transparent glass@polyester (GLS@PET) sheet was created by physically immobilizing lanthanide-doped aluminate (LA) nanoparticles (NPs). The spectral analysis using the CIE Lab and luminescence revealed that the transparent GLS@PET samples turned green under ultraviolet light and greenish-yellow in the dark. The detected photochromism can be quickly reversed in the photoluminescent GLS@PET hybrids at low concentrations of LANPs. Conversely, the GLS@PET substrates with the highest phosphor concentrations exhibited sustained luminosity with slow reversibility. Transmission electron microscopic analysis (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to examine the morphological features of lanthanide-doped aluminate nanoparticles (LANPs) and glass nanofibers to display diameters of 7-15 nm and 90-140 nm, respectively. SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were used to analyze the luminous GLS@PET substrates for their morphology and elemental composition. The glass nanofibers were reinforced into the polyester resin as a roughening agent to improve its mechanical properties. Scratch resistance was found to be significantly increased in the created photoluminescent GLS@PET substrates when compared with the LANPs-free substrate. When excited at 368 nm, the observed photoluminescence spectra showed an emission peak at 518 nm. The results demonstrated improved hydrophobicity and UV blocking properties in the luminescent colorless GLS@PET hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud T. Abdu
- Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 421, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfik A. Khattab
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
| | - Maiada S. Abdelrahman
- Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Alenazi DA. Development of color-tunable photoluminescent polycarbonate smart window immobilized with silica-coated lanthanide-activated strontium aluminum oxide nanoparticles. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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