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Peng L, Lei L, Xiao L, Han B. Cyanobacterial removal by a red soil-based flocculant and its effect on zooplankton: an experiment with deep enclosures in a tropical reservoir in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:30663-30674. [PMID: 29946840 PMCID: PMC6828625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As one kind of cheap, environmentally-friendly and efficient treatment materials for direct control of cyanobacterial blooms, modified clays have been widely concerned. The present study evaluated cyanobaterial removal by a red soil-based flocculant (RSBF) with a large enclosure experiment in a tropical mesotrophic reservoir, in which phytoplankton community was dominated by Microcystis spp. and Anabaena spp. The flocculant was composed of red soil, chitosan and FeCl3. Twelve enclosures were used in the experiment: three replicates for each of one control and three treatments RSBF15 (15 mg FeCl3 l-1), RSBF25 (25 mg FeCl3 l-1), and RSBF35 (35 mg FeCl3 l-1). The results showed that the red soil-based flocculant can significantly remove cyanobacterial biomass and reduce concentrations of nutrients including total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonia, total phosphorus, and orthophosphate. Biomass of Microcystis spp. and Anabaena spp. was reduced more efficiently (95%) than other filamentous cyanobacteria (50%). In the RSBF15 treatment, phytoplankton biomass recovered to the level of the control group after 12 days and cyanobacteria quickly dominated. Phytoplankton biomass in the RSBF25 treatment also recovered after 12 days, but green algae co-dominated with cyanobacteria. A much later recovery of phytoplankton until the day of 28 was observed under RSBF35 treatment, and cyanobacteria did no longer dominate the phytoplankton community. The application of red soil-based flocculant greatly reduces zooplankton, especially rotifers, however, Copepods and Cladocera recovered fast. Generally, the red soil-based flocculant can be effective for urgent treatments at local scales in cyanobacteria dominating systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Peng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lamei Lei
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lijuan Xiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Boping Han
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Kang BS, Eom CY, Kim W, Kim PI, Ju SY, Ryu J, Han GH, Oh JI, Cho H, Baek SH, Kim G, Kim M, Hyun J, Jin E, Kim SW. Construction of target-specific virus-like particles for the delivery of algicidal compounds to harmful algae. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:1463-74. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Sik Kang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Kyungpook National University; Daegu 702-701 Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Eom
- NanoBio Convergence Research Team; Western Seoul Center; Korea Basic Science Institute; Seoul 120-750 Korea
| | - Wonduck Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Pyoung il Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Sun Yi Ju
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Jaewon Ryu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Gui Hwan Han
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Oh
- Department of Microbiology; Pusan University; Pusan 609-735 Korea
| | - Hoon Cho
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- South Sea Institute; Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute; Geoje 656-830 Korea
| | - Gueeda Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 133-791 Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 133-791 Korea
| | - Jaekyung Hyun
- Division of Electron Microscopic Research; Korea Basic Science Institute; Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 133-791 Korea
| | - Si Wouk Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Pioneer Research Center for Controlling of Harmful Algal Bloom; Chosun University; Gwangju 501-759 Korea
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Liu J, Tao Y, Wu J, Zhu Y, Gao B, Tang Y, Li A, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Effective flocculation of target microalgae with self-flocculating microalgae induced by pH decrease. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 167:367-375. [PMID: 24998477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A flocculation method was developed to harvest target microalgae with self-flocculating microalgae induced by decreasing pH to just below isoelectric point. The flocculation efficiencies of target microalgae were much higher than those flocculated only via pH decrease. The mechanism could be that negatively charged self-flocculating microalgal cells became positively charged during pH decrease, subsequently attracted negatively charged target microalgae cells to form flocs and settled down due to gravity. Microalgal biomass concentration and released polysaccharide (RPS) from target microalgae influenced flocculation efficiencies, while multivalent metal ions in growth medium could not. Furthermore, neutralizing pH and then supplementing nutrients allowed flocculated medium to be recycled for cultivation. Finally, Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficients (Rs) between flocculation efficiency and key factors were also investigated. These results suggest that this method is effective, simple to operate and allows the reuse of flocculated medium, thereby contributing to the economic production from microalgae to biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yujun Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Jinheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Baoyan Gao
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Aifen Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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Kwon HL, Kim JH, Na DH, Byeun DH, Wu Y, Kim SW, Jin ES, Cho H. Combination of 1,4-naphthoquinone with benzothiazoles had selective algicidal effects against harmful algae. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Liu J, Zhu Y, Tao Y, Zhang Y, Li A, Li T, Sang M, Zhang C. Freshwater microalgae harvested via flocculation induced by pH decrease. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:98. [PMID: 23834840 PMCID: PMC3716916 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that microalga has been widely regarded as one of the most promising raw materials of biofuels. However, lack of an economical, efficient and convenient method to harvest microalgae is a bottleneck to boost their full-scale application. Many methods of harvesting microalgae, including mechanical, electrical, biological and chemical based, have been studied to overcome this hurdle. RESULTS A new flocculation method induced by decreasing pH value of growth medium was developed for harvesting freshwater microalgae. The flocculation efficiencies were as high as 90% for Chlorococcum nivale, Chlorococcum ellipsoideum and Scenedesmus sp. with high biomass concentrations (>1g/L). The optimum flocculation efficiency was achieved at pH 4.0. The flocculation mechanism could be that the carboxylate ions of organic matters adhering on microalgal cells accepted protons when pH decreases and the negative charges were neutralized, resulting in disruption of the dispersing stability of cells and subsequent flocculation of cells. A linear correlation between biomass concentration and acid dosage was observed. Furthermore, viability of flocculated cells was determined by Evans Blue assay and few cells were found to be damaged with pH decrease. After neutralizing pH and adding nutrients to the flocculated medium, microalgae were proved to maintain a similar growth yield in the flocculated medium comparing with that in the fresh medium. The recycling of medium could contribute to the economical production from algae to biodiesel. CONCLUSIONS The study provided an economical, efficient and convenient method to harvest fresh microalgae. Advantages include capability of treating high cell biomass concentrations (>1g/L), excellent flocculation efficiencies (≥ 90%), operational simplicity, low cost and recycling of medium. It has shown the potential to overcome the hurdle of harvesting microalgae to promote full-scale application to biofuels from microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yujun Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming Sang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Vandamme D, Pontes SCV, Goiris K, Foubert I, Pinoy LJJ, Muylaert K. Evaluation of electro-coagulation-flocculation for harvesting marine and freshwater microalgae. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:2320-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.23199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
The potential use of clays to control harmful algal blooms (HABs) has been explored in East Asia, Australia, the United States, and Sweden. In Japan and South Korea, minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, and yellow loess, have already been used in the field effectively, to protect fish mariculture from Cochlodinium spp. and other blooms. Cell removal occurs through the flocculation of algal and mineral particles, leading to the formation of larger aggregates (i.e. marine snow), which rapidly settle and further entrain cells during their descent. In the U.S., several clays and clay-rich sediments have shown high removal abilities (e.g. > 80% cell removal efficiency) against Karenia brevis, Heterosigma akashiwo, Pfiesteria piscicida and Aureococcus anophagefferens. In some cases, the removal ability of certain clays was further enhanced with chemical flocculants, such as polyaluminum chloride (PAC), to increase their adhesiveness. However, cell removal was also affected by bloom concentration, salinity, and mixing. Cell mortality was observed after clay addition, and increased with increasing clay concentration, and prolonged exposure to clays in the settled layer. Mesocosm, field enclosure, and flume experiments were also conducted to address cell removal with increasing scale and flow, water-column impacts, and the possible benthic effects from clay addition. Results from these studies will be presented, especially those in regards to water quality, seawater chemistry, bottom erodibility and faunal impacts in the benthos. At this time, clay dispersal continues to be a promising method for controlling HABs and mitigating their impacts based on existing information and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario R Sengco
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
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