1
|
Breindel L, Burz DS, Shekhtman A. Active metabolism unmasks functional protein-protein interactions in real time in-cell NMR. Commun Biol 2020; 3:249. [PMID: 32439966 PMCID: PMC7242440 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions, PPIs, underlie most cellular processes, but many PPIs depend on a particular metabolic state that can only be observed in live, actively metabolizing cells. Real time in-cell NMR spectroscopy, RT-NMR, utilizes a bioreactor to maintain cells in an active metabolic state. Improvement in bioreactor technology maintains ATP levels at >95% for up to 24 hours, enabling protein overexpression and a previously undetected interaction between prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein, Pup, and mycobacterial proteasomal ATPase, Mpa, to be detected. Singular value decomposition, SVD, of the NMR spectra collected over the course of Mpa overexpression easily identified the PPIs despite the large variation in background signals due to the highly active metabolome. Leonard Breindel et al. develop a real time in-cell NMR spectroscopy that utilizes a bioreactor to maintain cells metabolically active. This real time in-cell NMR spectroscopy enables the identification of protein–protein interactions that would not happen when cells don’t produce energy, suggesting the utility of this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Breindel
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - David S Burz
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cvetković M, Kompare B, Klemenčič AK. Application of hydrodynamic cavitation in ballast water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7422-7438. [PMID: 25810104 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ballast water is, together with hull fouling and aquaculture, considered the most important factor of the worldwide transfer of invasive non-indigenous organisms in aquatic ecosystems and the most important factor in European Union. With the aim of preventing and halting the spread of the transfer of invasive organisms in aquatic ecosystems and also in accordance with IMO's International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments, the systems for ballast water treatment, whose work includes, e.g. chemical treatment, ozonation and filtration, are used. Although hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is used in many different areas, such as science and engineering, implied acoustics, biomedicine, botany, chemistry and hydraulics, the application of HC in ballast water treatment area remains insufficiently researched. This paper presents the first literature review that studies lab- and large-scale setups for ballast water treatment together with the type-approved systems currently available on the market that use HC as a step in their operation. This paper deals with the possible advantages and disadvantages of such systems, as well as their influence on the crew and marine environment. It also analyses perspectives on the further development and application of HC in ballast water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cvetković
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sarrà M, Casas C, Gòdia F. Continuous production of a hybrid antibiotic by Streptomyces lividans TK21 pellets in a three-phase fluidized-bed bioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 53:601-10. [PMID: 18634061 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19970320)53:6<601::aid-bit8>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The continuous production of a hybrid antibiotic by a transformed strain of Streptomyces lividans TK21 in a three-phase fluidized bed is studied. Cell aggregates, known as pellets, are used as immobilized cell particles in the bioreactor. A methodology to prepare pellets of a suitable size and morphology is developed. The continuous production of the antibiotic is studied on the basis of decoupling cell growth and antibiotic production, by means of phosphate limitation in the growth medium. The best results are achieved at D = 0.021 h(1), with alternate feeding of 0 and 0.05 m M phosphate media. Continuous production of the antibiotic can be maintained at satisfactory levels for periods of 60 days, and stable operation of the bioreactor is achieved during 85 days. Finally, the evolution of the internal structure of the pellets during continuous fermentation is studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sarrà
- Department d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahulkar AV, Riedel C, Gogate PR, Neis U, Pandit AB. Effect of dissolved gas on efficacy of sonochemical reactors for microbial cell disruption: Experimental and numerical analysis. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2009; 16:635-643. [PMID: 19112039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present work the effect of dissolved gases on the extent of ultrasonically induced microbial cell disruption has been explored using a mathematical model and it has been validated by experimental data from literature. Degassing experiments are carried out and a degassing kinetics model for horn type ultrasonic device is presented. An overall model combining hydrodynamic and kinetics of cell disruption for horn type reactor is then proposed. The model includes several important operational parameters such as stress generated by the cavity, cell wall strength, dissolved gas concentration, degassing due to sonication, acoustic streaming generated due to sonication and attenuation of ultrasound in water. Model basically realizes in categorizing the volume of sonochemical reactor as active cavitation zone (ACZ) and inactive cavitation zone (ICZ). All the transformations are seen to occur only in ACZ. The two regions, i.e. ACZ and ICZ are assumed to behave as two mixed flow reactor arranged in closed loop. Suggestions have been also made for efficient design and scale up of ultrasonic devices for microbial cell disruption. The same model can be extended for other applications like particle size reduction, nano particle synthesis, leaching, emulsification with the knowledge of critical rate controlling parameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Mahulkar
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Furusaki S, Seki M. Use and engineering aspects of immobilized cells in biotechnology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005; 46:161-85. [PMID: 1636479 DOI: 10.1007/bfb0000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A short review of the research in the past two years (1990-1991) on immobilized whole cells, such as microbial, plant, and animal cells, is presented including a discussion from an engineering point of view. Recent works concerning the intraparticle mass transfer effect on immobilized microbial cells by the authors and their co-workers are also introduced. Finally, future prospects of the immobilized cell system will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Furusaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Devi S, Sridhar P. Production of cephamycin C in repeated batch operations from immobilized Streptomyces clavuligerus. Process Biochem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(00)00194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
8
|
|
9
|
Basso A, De Martin L, Ebert C, Gardossi L, Linda P. Controlling the hydration of covalently immobilised penicillin G amidase in low-water medium: properties and use of Celite R-640. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(99)00075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
10
|
Studies on cephalosporin-C production in an air lift reactor using different growth modes of Cephalosporium acremonium. Process Biochem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(98)00059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Freeman A, Lilly MD. Effect of processing parameters on the feasibility and operational stability of immobilized viable microbial cells. Enzyme Microb Technol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(98)00046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
12
|
Three-phase-biofluidization—Application of three-phase fluidization in the biotechnology—A review. Chem Eng Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2509(97)88926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
Mitsuru I, Park YS, Kosakai Y, Okabe M. Application of mineral support on cephamycin C production in culture using soybean oil as the sole carbon source. Biotechnol Bioeng 1997; 53:207-13. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19970120)53:2<207::aid-bit11>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
Potential applications of viable, immobilized fungal cell systems. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 1993; 9:495-502. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00386282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/26/1993] [Accepted: 04/29/1993] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Mussenden P, Keshavarz T, Saunders G, Bucke C. Physiological studies related to the immobilization of Penicillium chrysogenum and penicillin production. Enzyme Microb Technol 1993; 15:2-7. [PMID: 7763358 DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(93)90108-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Using the production of penicillin by Penicillium chrysogenum as a model system, certain physiological aspects of immobilized and free cell cultures were compared. Reducing the immobilized viable spore loading (from 4 x 10(4) to 2 x 10(3) spores ml-1 gel) and initial bead diameter (from 3.5-4.0 to 1.5-2.0 mm) gave rise to an increase in the penicillin titer from 0.2 to 1.2 g l-1. Using these conditions in immobilized cell culture the growth phase was prolonged and the duration of expression of the isopenicillin N synthase gene (pcbC) was significantly extended when compared with free cell culture (150 h as opposed to 100 h). During the period of maximum penicillin production, different penicillin biosynthetic intermediates accumulated in the broth of free and immobilized cell cultures, reflecting a fundamental difference in cell physiology. Although the maximum specific productivity of penicillin production was reduced by immobilization, the average specific productivity increased when compared to free cell fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Mussenden
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
Liginin peroxidase (ligninase) of the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burdsall was discovered in 1982 as a secondary metabolite. Today multiple isoenzymes are known, which are often collectively called as lignin peroxidase. Lignin peroxidase has been characterized as a veratryl alcohol oxidizing enzyme, but it is a relatively unspecific enzyme catalyzing a variety of reactions with hydrogen peroxide as the electron acceptor. P. chrysosporium ligninases are heme glycoproteins. At least a number of isoenzymes are also phosphorylated. Two of the major isoenzymes have been crystallized. Until recently lignin peroxidase could only be produced in low yields in very small scale stationary cultures owing to shear sensitivity. Most strains produce the enzyme only after grown under nitrogen or carbon limitation, although strains producing lignin peroxidase under nutrient sufficiency have also been isolated. Activities over 2000 U dm(-3) (as determined at 30 degrees to 37 degrees C) have been reported in small scale Erlenmeyer cultures with the strain INA-12 grown on glycerol in the presence of soybean phospholipids under nitrogen sufficiency. In about 8 dm(3) liquid volume pilot scale higher than 100 U dm(-3) (as determined at 23 degrees C) have been obtained under agitation with immobilized P. chrysosporium strains ATCC 24725 or TKK 20512. Good results have been obtained for example with nylon web, polyurethane foam, sintered glass or silicon tubing as the carrier. The immobilized biocatalyst systems have also made large scale repeated batch and semicontinuous production possible. With nylon web as the carrier, lignin peroxidase production has recently been scaled up to 800 dm(3) liquid volume semicontinuous industrial production process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Linko
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology, SF-02150 Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ramsay BA, Wang D, Chavarie C, Rouleau D, Ramsay JA. Penicillin production in an inverse fluidized bed bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0922-338x(91)90064-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
20
|
|